过去分词
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空,并指出在句中的作用。
1. There was a _____________ (confuse) expression on her face.
2. The teacher entered the garden ______________ (surround) by a long fence.
3. The trees __________ (blow) down in the storm have been removed.
4. The meeting __________ (hold) yesterday was of great importance.
5. I don’t know the man __________ (trap) in the heavy flood.
6. The house __________ (destroy) by the flood last night belonged to Mr. Green.
7. So far nobody has claimed the money ____________ (discover) in the library.
8. The days are __________ (go) when we were looked down upon.
9. When I came in, they were ____________ (absorb) in their discussion.
10. He appeared _________ (shock) at the news.
11. My sister got ____________ (injure) in the traffic accident.
12. The children got ___________ (lose) in the woods.
13. After the heavy rain, many cats got _________ (catch) in the mud.
14. Tom remained ____________ (seat) on his seat after class.
15. In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ____________ (stick) abroad
due to the volcanic ash cloud.
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空,并指出在句中的作用。
1. When I opened the door, I found the ground _________ (cover) by fallen leaves.
2. I found myself _____________ (surround) by the heavy fog.
3. When I got home, I found my window _________ (break).
4. Tom got the film ____________ (develop).
5. Look at your dirty clothes; you’d better get them ____________ (wash).
6. He got his car ___________ (repair) the other day.
7. Mr. Green had his milk _____________ (deliver) to his door every morning.
8. They had their wedding ____________ (arrange) by a company.
9. The Greens had their house ______________ (build) at the foot of the hill.
10. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself___________ (hear).
11. Having passed the test, she felt a great weight _________ (take) off her mind.
12. When you come back again, you will see your hometown completely
_________ (change).
13. I saw my mother ________ (absorb) in a TV play when I got home.
14. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word______
(speak).
15. The customer with his cell phone ________ (steal) wanted to see the manager. III. 用所给词的适当形式填空,并指出在句中的作用。
1. __________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
2. Anyone, once ___________ (test) positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
3. ___________ (remind) not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
4. ____________ (dress) in a red coat, the girl stood out.
5. __________ (devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.
6. ___________ (determine) to make good fortune, my uncle left for American.
7. ___________ (leave) alone in the large house, the little boy had to learn to survive by himself.
8. ________ (impress) with the beautiful scenery, he decided to stay another two days.
9. ____________ (catch) in the snowstorm, he had to wait for rescue.
10. ___________ (infect) with a strange disease, he suffered a lot.
11. ______ (tire) and out of breath, he sat on the top of the mountain, unable to move.
12. ____________ (absorb) in an interesting story, he didn’t notice me passing by.
13. ___________ (expose) to so many advertisements, we can’t help being persuaded
to buy something we don’t really need.
14. The new technology, if __________ (apply) to farming, will help increase the
grain output.
15. When I came in, I saw Mike lying in bed, ___________ (lose) in thought.
IV. 填充下列表格
V.单句改错，每句仅有一处错误。
1. Thinking of this, I feel quite satisfying.
2. We should not be addicted to the Internet, or we'll get our life and study destroying.
3. In order to lose weight and stay healthy, teens should avoid spend too much time in
front of the TV or the computer and do more exercise.
4. In fact, I won the first prize in the English speech competition hold in our school
last year.
5. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
6. Take all these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope that I can get help from
you.
7. In my mind, he is someone interesting in traveling, swimming, and playing table
tennis.
8. I am excited, hope to make good use of this opportunity.
9. I can’t stand treated rudely.
10. The boy was lucky enough to escape killed in the earthquake.
过去分词的用法 一、构成：规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的，不规则动词则有各自构成。 二、基本特点：过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点：1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系 2.表示完成的动作 三、过去分词的用法： 1.作表语：过去分词作表语时，一般同时具备被动与完成的含义 例如：（1）The cup is broken.（2）He is retired. （3）After running,he is tired. 【注意】过去分词作表语时，已经变成形容词性质，主要表示主语的状态（被动完成）,而被动语态则表示动作. 例如：(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) （2）The cup is now broken. 茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,表示状态) 【注意】有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示“感到……” 用-ing 形式来修饰物，表示“令人……” 例如：The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 2.做定语 作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成. 1）单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前，称作前置定语。 例如：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2）过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。 例如：The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3）过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. 例如：The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 4）用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情，面貌，举止行为以及感觉等，这时不能用v-ing形式例如：The boy looked up with a pleased expression. His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam. 3.作状语 作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义。 1）时间状语：A.当和谓语动词动作同时发生时，一般仅表示被动,可以用when从句代替。 例如：Faced with difficulties,we shouldn’t withdraw for any excuse. B.当表示动作发生在谓语动词之前时，通常既表被动又表完成，可用after从句代替，也可用现在分词的被动完成形式代替。 例如：Caught by the police,the thief lay on the ground,crying and shouting. 2）原因状语：过去分词所表示的动作多有被动和完成两重含义。 例如：Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好. Welcomed by all the students,we expressed own true thanks to them.被全体同学欢迎，我们表达真挚的感激【注意】有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦). 等，这种结构可以改写成一个because引导的主系表结构句子。 例如：Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音. Tired of the noise,he decided to move to the country.因厌倦了噪音，他决定搬到农村去。 Dressed in an orange dress,she looked more beautiful than before.穿上橘红色连衣裙，她看起来比以前更美3）条件状语：作条件状语时，一般只表被动含义。相当于if引导的条件状语从句。 例如：Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快. 4）伴随情况：表示伴随谓语动词发生的另外动作，位于主语之后，用逗号隔开，可以同时表示被动与完成， 例如：The mother ran across the street,followed by her little son. 5）结果状语：表示发生在谓语动词后的动作，位于主句后用都逗号分开，也可以同时表示被动与完成。 例如：He listened to the hero’s story,moved to tears. 【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语. 例如：When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.
动词过去分词及独立主格结构的用法 一、过去分词的定义及其基本形式 1．过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式，过去分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特性，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。如： （1）spoken English 英语口语（过去分词具有形容词的特性，作定语） （2）Given more time, we could do it much better. =If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 多给点时间，我们会做得更好些。 （过去分词具有动词的特性，有自己的宾语more time，构成分词短语；过去分词短语在句中作状语，具有副词的特性。） 2．过去分词的基本形式 （1）规则动词的过去分词由动词＋ed构成 （2）不规则动词的过去分词须逐个记忆。 （3）不规则动词的过去分词表示完成，如： fallen leaves =leaves which have fallen落叶 （4）及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成，如： the machines used in the workshop =the machines which are used in the workshop 车间用的机器（及物动词的过去分词表示被动） I heard the door opened. =I heard the door has been opened. 我听见门被打开了。（及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成） 二、过去分词的句法功能 过去分词是一种非谓语动词，在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性，故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
高中英语必修五Unit 3 语法学案 课前自主学习： 词汇复习：1. A tractor is a powerful motor v______ with large wheels and thick tires used for pulling farm machinery. 2. They wanted to build a new school but they couldn’t find a suitable l______ for it. 3. The story r______ me of an experience I once had. 4. Tom’s mother died two days p______ to his arrival. 5. The house is situated in very pleasant s______. 6. She was o______ about the future of the company but the rest were pessimistic. 7. The program gives students the o______ to learn more about global warming. 8. James can i______ his father’s speech perfectly. 9. An Act was passed giving the army e______ power in time of war. 10. CIA stands for Central Intelligence A______. 课堂讲解： I:动词-ed 分词形式作状语的基本用法: 动词-ed 分词形式可用作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随以及陪衬性动作等。这类状语可放在句子前面、后面、或句中，并可拓展为一个状语从句或并列分句。 1 表示时间，相当于一个________.有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。 1)Told that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home quickly. =When ___ ___ ____that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home quickly.(李蕾得知母亲生病了时，马上赶回了家。) 2)Seen from the moon, the earth looks green. =When____ _____ _____from the moon,the earth looks green.从月亮上看时，地球是绿色。 3)When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head. =_________what had happened, he lowered his head. 2.表示原因，相当于一个____________.。 1)Greatly inspired by the teacher's words, he made up his mind to work at English even harder.=Because ______ ____ _____ ______ by the teacher's words, he made up his mind to work at English even harder。在老师的鼓励下，他决心更加努力地学习英语。 2)________ _______what he did, the teacher praised him in class. =AS_____ ____ _______ ______what he did, the teacher praised him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他.
精品文档 考点一、过去分词作定语 1. 单个过去分词作定语。单个过去分词作定语时，常常放在被修饰的词语之前。例如： Autu mn comes, and there are many falle n leaves on the street. We must adapt our thi nki ng to the chan ged con ditio ns. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况 注意：如果单个过去分词所修饰的词语为不定代词nothing,anything,something或指示代词those,this,these等时， 过去分词常常放在被修饰的词语后面。例如： There is nothing cha nged in my hometow n since 1999. 2. 过去分词短语作定语。过去分词短语作定语，常常放在被修饰的词语之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 例如：Most of the guests in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds. = Most of the guests who were in vited to my birthday party were my school frien ds. The concert give n by their friends was a success. 他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3. 过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号. The meeti ng, atte nded by over five thousa nd people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,至U 会的有五千多人. 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关. The boy looked up with a pleased expressio n. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视 注意区别： 1. 非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式： the bridge to be built将要建造的桥（表示将来的被动的动作） the bridge being built正在建造的桥（表示正在进行的被动动作） the bridge built造好的桥（表示完成的被动动作） 2. 过去分词和-ing分词作定语的区别： 过去分词作定语和-ing分词作定语有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语： boiled water 开水boiling water 正沸腾的水 developed countries 发展的国家developing countries 发展中国家 fallen leaves落叶falling leaves正在飘落的叶子 changed condition 改变了的情况changing condition 变化着的情况 由此可见，过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。 考点二、过去分词作表语 1. 过去分词用作表语时，通常说明主语所处的状态或感受等。例如： I noticed the doors and windows were locked when I came to see him. She seemed terribly shocked upon hearing the sad news. 过去分词和-ing分词作表语的区别： 过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，修饰人；而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，修饰物.如：Heari ng the n ews, we felt very surprised.听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶 The news is very surprising. 这个消息很令人惊讶。 They were frighte ned to hear the frighte ning sound. 他们听至U那可怕的声音很害怕。
动词 一、五种基本形式： 英语中实义动词和系动词有五种基本形式，原形、现在式（用于第三人称单数）、过去式（用于过去时态）、过去分词（用于各种完成时态）和现在分词（用于各种进行时态）。 1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数
二、动词时态 定义：时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 四类：一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。每一类时态都对应四种时间：过去、现在、将来、过去将来。常用8种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时。 1、一般现在时 常见频度副词有：always（总是，一直）,often, usually, never, sometimes等 地球围绕着太阳转：The earth moves around the sun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实。 公交车来了：Here comes the bus.以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
2、一般过去时 有确定的时间状语，如：yesterday, two days ago, last+年/月/星期,the other day, just now, in the old days, the day before yesterday（前天），this morning/afternoon, at the age of+过去年龄段，when 引导的状语从句（过去），at+过去时间点，in+过去的年份等。 3、一般将来时 常用时间副词：tomorrow, soon，(today, tonight)时间状语短语：next year/week/month, in a few days, in the future等。 构成：will/shall+动词原形，be going to+动词原形，表示打算和预测。 特殊情形： be to+动词原形，表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如：She is to practice the piano tomorrow. 她明天将练习钢琴。 用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。 be about to+动词原形，表示即将要发生的事。 4、现在进行时 常与look, listen, now连用 5、过去进行时 the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等标志性词语，主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 6、现在完成时： 常见时间状语：always, yet, just, ever, before，these days, recently, in the past/few时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段等。 构成：have/has+动词的过去分词 7、过去完成时 8、过去将来时 Would+动词原形
过去分词在句中不可以作谓语，它相当于形容词和副词，在句中可作表语、宾语、状语、补足语等。 过去分词作表语 Never touch an electric wire when it is broken He is gone You are mistaken 过去分词作定语 The child gave a cry and with outstretched arms ran forward 那孩子叫了一声，伸开双臂向前跑去 Her job was to take care of the wounded solder ? 用作宾语的过去分词多用于表示已完成的动作，但是有时它所表示的动作却尚未完成或有待于将来完成 The workers demand increased wages 工人们要求加薪 过去分词用作定语亦可放在其所修饰的名词后面，其常具有暂时性，其动词的性质较强。 He wants his eggs fired (尚未炸好的。Fried eggs 则译为炸好的鸡蛋带有永久性） He himself took all the letters written to the post 他亲自将写好的信付邮（written = that he had written , written letter 则译为书写的信，非打字的信件） 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般皆置于所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句 The ship battered by the storm crept into the harbour 被暴风雨击打的那只船慢慢的驶入港口 过去分词短语亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号 Some of them , born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train 他们中有些生长在农村，从为见过火车。 过去分词作这状语 过去分词从表面意义角度也可以用作状语表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。 Heated , the metal expand (表时间） Born and bred in the countryside,he was bewildered by the big city 他们生长在乡下，对这大城市感到迷惑（表原因) Mocked by everyone ,he had my sympathy(表让步）、 The lichens came borne by storms这地衣是由暴风雨带来的（表伴随） Seed catalogues are comprehensive , lavishly illustrated in colour 种子的目录册很全，用彩图表示的（表方式） 过去分词用作补语 用作宾语补语，其前的谓语动词多是感官动词和使役动词 He heard chain and bolts with drawn 他听见门上的链和栓被拉开了 She found the house renovated她发现房子已经修过了
高中英语过去分词用法 练习题及答案 IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】
习题精选---分词用法: boy went to the ball,＿like a pretty girl. A. dressing B. wearing C. wore D. dressed 2.＿in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 3. The film was made＿ on a true old story. A. base B. to be based C. based D. basing 4. When＿ ,the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 5.＿ to his research, he almost forgot everything. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. To devote D. Devote 6. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix 7.＿ on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿ the tower. A. built B. had building C. had built D. build 9. ＿such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 10.＿ the past, our life is becoming much better. A. Comparing with B. Be compared with C. To compare with D. Compared with 11. The boy was last seen ＿near the East Lake. A. playing B. play C. played D. to play was very unhappy for ＿to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿“Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
英语中过去分词的用法 过去分词的用法讲解如下： 过去分词的用法在英语语法中很是普遍。那么，如何正确的使用过去分词呢?我们来看看过去分词的用法解析，只有了解了过去分词的用法，才能正确的运用和使用它。 一、基本概念 1. 分词的定义 1.动词的-ed分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。 2. 过去分词的语法作用： 过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词（相当于被动语），在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1) 过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如：Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的（它是被打坏的）。He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2) 过去分词做定语： 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。如： The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。（excited people 被激动了的人） We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。（被资质认证过的老师，或经过资质认证的老师。）
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如： Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如： The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。 The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千个学生出席了。 3) 过去分词做状语： 过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如： Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。 Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。 ②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。 Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：live—lived 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied cry- cried 不规则动词的变化：
1.写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________drink_________ play_______ go________ make _______does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put _____pass_______ do ________ 2.用be动词的适当形式填空（过去时填空） 1. I ____ ___ at school just now. 2. He ____ ____ at the camp last week. 3. We ___ _____ students two years ago. 4. They ____ ____ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ___ _____ eleven years old last year. 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There ___ _____ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The book _______ on the sofa yesterday evening 3.选择填空 1.Peter in a small house four years ago. Now he in a house A.live，lives B. lives, lived C.lived, lives 2.Amy TV Yesterday. 3. Amy is TV Now. 4. Amy TV every day. A.watched B.watching C.watches 5.Yesterday，we some books. A.buy B.bought C.buys 6.He a pupil . He a pupil last year A.was B. were C. is D.are 7.There a big house many years ago. A.was B. were C. is D.are 4.行为动词的过去时练习
动词的过去分词 一、过去分词的定义 过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式。过去分词兼有动词副词的形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语的修饰，过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。 二、过去分词的基本形式 过去分词的基本形式是“动词+ed“，但也可以有不规则的形式。不规则的动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则，要逐个记忆。（详见每册高中课本后的不规则动词表）。过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。 三、过去分词的句法功能 过去分词在句中可以作宾语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 作定语 （一）作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，入在被修饰和词的前面；过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰的词的后面，过去分词作定语常指完成的动作，而且与所修饰的词之间为被动关系，反过来说。……如： 1.boiled water 凉开水 2.oppressed people 被压迫的人民 3.腊肉 4.英语口语 5.用过的邮票 6.There are many fallen leaves on the ground . 7.This is a book written by a peasant . （二）现在分词和过去式的区别 英语里有些表示感觉的及特动词，其现在分司表示主动， 即“令人有某种感觉”实际上可以理解为一个形容词，表示 “令人××的”，过去分词表示被动，即“人被引起某种感觉” 也可以理解为一个形容词，表示“感到……的”这两种分词 在句中一般用作定语和表语。 如： 1. surprising news 令人惊讶的消息 surprised people 感到惊讶的人们 2. an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事 excited spectators 感到兴奋的观众 3. a moving film 一部令人感动的影片 a moved audience 感到感动的观众 可以转为现在分记号和过去分词的形式和形容词的及物 动词有：amuse （给……娱乐，有），satisfy （满意），disappoint （失望），encourage（鼓励），inspire（鼓舞），interest discourage （使泄气），frighten（吃惊），bore（使厌烦）。 （二）但有些过去分词形式的形容词虽然由动词变来的， 但它们只表示一个完成的动作，说明被修饰词的性质、特征 或状态，并没有被动意义。如： 1.fallen leaves 落叶 2. a retired worker 退休工人 3.returned students 归国留学生 4.an informed decision 有见识的决定 5.two talented reporters 两个有开赋的记者 6.an experienced teacher 一个有经验的老师 7.an organized way 一个有条理的方法 （三）现在分词和过去分词在时间关系上的区别：在很 多情况下，现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分 词所表示的动作往往表示已经完成，试比较： 1. the changing world 译：正在改变的世界 the changed world 译：已经起了变化的世界 2. boiling water 译： boiled water 译： 3. developing countries 译： developed countries 译： 4. the liberated areas 解放了的地区（解放区） 5. mended clothes 译： 6. a well–written article译： 7. man-made satellites 译：
高二过去分词讲解与练习 1. 分词的定义：动词的-ed分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。 2. 过去分词的语法作用：过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或 副词，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1）过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如： Don 'touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的。 He is quite pleased with the desig n of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2）过去分词做定语：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。 The excited people rushed into the buildi ng. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。 We n eed more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。 过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如： Is there anything pla nned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗？ The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如： The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. The meet ing, atte nded by one thousa nd stude nts, was a success. 3）过去分词做状语：过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、 方式或伴随情况等。 ①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念. 如: Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. ②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelli ng with each other. En couraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. ③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。女口：Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。 Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study En glish. If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。 ④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如：Exhausted by the running, they we nt on running after the robber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。 Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。 ⑤表方式或伴随情况。如：The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. Seated at the table, my father and I were talk ing about my job. 4）过去分词作补足语：过去分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。如：When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth exami ned? 你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？ When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.
过去分词专项练习 过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示"被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。 过去分词用法总结如下： 一、表语: 1．The cup is broken. 2．The door remains locked. 3．She looked disappointed. 二、定语：要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。 1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 单个过去分词作定语) 2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 过去分词短语作定语) 3. Is there anything unsolved? There is nothing changed here since I left this town. (如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those 等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面) 4. This is a state-owned factory. This is a newly built building. Advertising is a highly developed industry. (单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语) 三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有： 1）see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词 He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad. He once heard the song sung in German. Every thought the match lost. 2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词： He’s going to have his hair cut. She had her foot injured in the fall. When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。) 四、状语： The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen, Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.