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托福英语作文,有这个你就不怕了

托福英语作文,有这个你就不怕了
托福英语作文,有这个你就不怕了

一.写作概况及目的

托福写作(TWE) (Test of Written English)考试设有单独一张试卷,是TOEFL考试的第一项内容,能否顺利完成对考生的写作成绩和后面几部分考试内容的正常或超常发挥有着极其重要的作用。

要求考生在30分钟内,围绕某一个给定的话题写出一篇正规的书面问题的议论文,字数围绕在250——350词左右,其目的是测试考生在规定时间内,正确地运用语法、词汇和组织短篇文章的能力,以判断考生是否有能力适应美国大学、研究生院现行的考试制度。

托福写作部分的得分不记入总成绩,但它与托福成绩一起寄到有关大学。在录取新生时,考生的写作成绩是录取与否的关键因素之一,尤其对知名度较高的、奖学金较高的大学更是如此。经常会出现这样的情况,北美的学校更愿意要一个托福600分而作文满分的考生,而不是托福接近满分而TWE只有4 分的人,TWE的重要性是不言而喻的。

二.写作要点

1.TWE要求必须用铅笔写作文,你要自己准备好铅笔和橡皮。橡皮要有韧性,太硬会擦破纸,有错误要擦干净再改;

2.不要自拟题目;

3.写作时字迹不要太大或太小,一行10-12个单词为宜,每行超过14词或少于8词都不合适,这样答卷纸正面写满大约在230词,反面再写一半就有300多个单词了。

4.时间分配:审题,构思,立意3-5分钟;正文写作22-26分钟;检查错误(1-3分钟)5.各段开头要缩格

三.评分标准

六分标准

文章切题即文章要按照题目所规定的要求写,而不能答非所问;阐述充分,即能将问题展开讨论,论据或说明比较充分,文章有说服力;段落组织有序,衔接紧密、过渡自然,有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句之间的连接顺畅,句式使用恰当、灵活、成熟;用词准确、得体。文章中可有个别语法和拼写错误,但不影响内容表达。通篇文章给人的印象是作者具有较强的写作能力。在修辞、句法、词汇等方面的英语水平达到了一定的高度。

五分标准

文章切题;阐述基本充分,在某些细节上有缺陷;段落层次组织有序,衔接紧密、过渡自然、逻辑性强;句间联系顺畅,句式使用恰当,灵活,有少量语法错误;用词基本得体,有少量用词不当和拼写错误。文章给人的总体印象是作者具有较强的写作能力,英语水平不错,但与六分作文相比,文章的错误略多,作者的语言功底略有欠缺。

四分标准

文章切题;阐述尚可,展开不够;段落组织有序,衔接紧密,过渡自然,有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅,有部分句法错误;用词一般,有时不得体 ( 如“大词”与“小词”随便使用,缺少文体意识),词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。总体印象是文章框架结构与连贯较好,各方面的错误都有一些,英语水平一般化。

三分标准

文章切题;段落组织基本合理,有逻辑性,但只存在于语义层次上,语言表层上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立.但有许多语法错误,句问联系不顺畅,往往是由于不善于使用逻辑连接词,因而显得幼稚、生硬;词汇方面拼写错误多,常有用词不达意的现象。总

的印象是英语水平不够、写作能力较差.基本的词、词法、句法等功底有限,修辞与文体知识方面尚未入门,能勉强表达自己,但表达能力受到语言水平的限制。

二分标准

文章切题;阐述没有展开,只是三言两语地回答问题;没有段落层次,组织很乱,长度很短只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系,能看出各句的基本框架,但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得体,拼写错误多。总的印象是英语水平低,写作能力差、尚未分清口语、笔语及各种文体问的界线。由于文章过短或过乱,问题没有展开讨论,造成语言和内容两个方面都有严重的不足。

一分标准

文章在各方面都有严重错误,文章不像文章,句子不成句子。总的印象是根本没有写作能力.英语水乎太低,够不上二分标准,只能打最低分。

如何在 30 分钟行文的整个过程中保持书面整洁?

四.命题分类与篇章结构

(一)按内容分:

1.学生生活类:在学校是穿校服好还是自由着装,是喜欢自己学还是和他人一起学,是喜欢整节课听老师讲还是部分时间有学生发言等;

2.家庭生活类:家长是否要求孩子做一些力所能及的家务活,父母是最好的老师同意与否,好家长应具备哪些品质;

3.社会生活类:成功归功于努力还是运气,是否同意不可以貌取人这一说法,人们工作是为了赚钱养活自己;

4.科技与媒体类:20世纪最值的纪念的一项变革是什么,你认为新世纪将带来哪些变化,电影、电视如何影响人们的行为等

(二)按形式分:

1.对立观点类:给出两个对立观点或者一个观点的对立两方面,要求支持其中一方面。

关键句:

Which do you prefer?

Which do you think is better?

例如:

1)Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

1) Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long period of time. What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain why.

篇章结构:

A.

1 引言段: 解释命题

2 第一种观点有1-2个小优点

3 第一种观点的缺点

3 第二种观点的优点

4 结论段:自己的观点

B.

1 第一种不好,第二种好,选第二种

2 第一种的缺点1、2

3 第二种的优点1、2

4 结论段

C.

1 第一种观点好,第二种观点好,所以两种都选

2 第一种有1、2种优点,1、2种缺点

3 第二种有1、2种优点,1、2种缺点

4 第一种的优点可以弥补第二种的不足,第二种可以弥补第一种的不足,两者互补

5 结论段

2.单一观点类:给出一个论点,要求考生支持或反对并给出理由。

关键句:

Do you agree or disagree with…?

例如:

1)People should never be satisfied with what they have, they should always want something new or something different. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give reasons for your choice.

2)Traveling is more important than reading books in order to understand the people and the world. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer. 篇章结构:

1 引言段:表明自己的观点:支持/反对

2 理由一

3 理由二

4 理由三

5 结论:归纳或重申自己的观点

3.自选论述类:给出某个范围,要求自己确定观点并进行论述。

例如:

1)Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

2)Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land? Use specific details to explain your answer.

篇章结构:

1 引言段:明确话题

2 讨论话题第一方面

3 讨论话题第二方面

4 讨论话题第三方面

5 结论:总结上面提到的几个方面

五正文写作

1 引言段introduction:所要论述问题的背景知识,立论句/中心句确定文章讨论范围并揭示文章主题,交代写作目的。

引言段写作手法:

开门见山的提出问题,引起读者兴趣;

引用名人名言,谚语;

陈述话题发生的背景,继而引出自己的立场;

对文章要讨论的话题进行定义。

2 正文段body:围绕主题充分展开进行论证。

要求:每段均包含一个主题句,主题句要概括全段大意,写出该段要讲述的理由,大致1-3行。接着应该有4-8行的细节论述,也就是运用事实,说理,数据,例子等论据来支持论证主题。最后写1-2行的主题再现,也就是说换个表达方式把主题句重述一遍。

3 结论段conclusion:通过严密论证后得出结论。结尾段应使读者对文章住址有一个完整的认识,做到首位呼应。

结论段写作手法:

重述中心思想,再强调一遍立场,做到首位呼应;(此写法最为保险)

提出与主题有关的建议或者期望;

引用名人名言。

六.检查阶段

每个句子是否存在语法错误?如主谓一致,动词的时态和语态,定冠词, 名词的单复数, 人称使用, 标点, 拼写;

句式是否多样化;

句与句之间是否缺少必要的连词;

是不是存在中式英语的现象。

附件一:名言

A bold attempt is half success. (勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。)

All things are difficult before they are easy. (凡事必先难后易。)

What we acquire without sweat we give away without regret.

( 得之不费力,弃之不可惜。)

Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. (只要有一颗意志坚强的心,没事不成。)Work makes the workman. (勤工出巧匠。)

Constant dropping wears the stone. (滴水穿石。)

Experience is the mother of wisdom. (经验是智慧之母。)

Every man is his own worst enemy.(一个人最大的敌人就是他自己。)

Saying and doing are two different things. ( 说和做是迥然不同的两回事。)Actions speak louder than words. (行动比语言更响亮。)

From small beginnings comes great things. (伟大始于渺小。)

Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand. (脑中有知识,胜过手中有金钱。)

The voice of one man is the voice of no one. (一个人的声音没有力量。)

A great ship asks for deep waters. (大船要走深水。)

While there is life, there is hope. (有生命便有希望 / 留得青山在 , 哪怕没柴烧)Two heads are better than one. (一人不及二人智 ; 三个臭皮匠 , 胜个过一个诸葛亮。)

附件二:名谚

A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. 一着不慎 , 满盘皆输。

All is not gold that glitters. 闪光的未必都是金子。

A child is better unborn than untaught. 养不教,父之过。

A friend is best found in adversity(逆境,困境).

患难见真情。

All covet, all lose. 样样垂涎,样样失落。贪多嚼不烂。

A good winter brings a good summer. 瑞雪兆丰年。

All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归。

A small leak will sink a great ship. 千里之堤溃于蚁穴。

A baker’s wife may bite of a bun, a brewer’s wife may bite of a

tun. 近水楼台先得月。

A short cut is often a wrong cut. 欲速则不达。

A prophet is not without honor save in his own country. 远来的和尚好念经。

All feet tread not in one shoe. 众口难调。

A uncut gem does not sparkle. 玉不琢,不成器。

A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

A crow is never the whiter for washing herself often. 江山易改,本性难移。

A little spark may kindle a great fire. 星星之火,可以燎原。

Beauty is but skin-deep. 美丽只是外表罢了。

Brevity is the soul of wit. 言以简洁为贵。

Bread is the staff of life. 民以食为天。

Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天,山外有山。

Better die standing than live kneeling 宁愿站着死,也不跪着生。

Cats hide their claws. 知人知面不知心。

Diamonds cut diamonds. 棋逢对手,将遇良才。

Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。

Do not have too many irons in the fire. 贪多嚼不烂。

Do unto others as you would be done by. 己所不欲,勿失于人。

附件三:常用套句

开头:

When it comes to ..., some think ...

There is a public debate today that ...

A is a common way of ..., but is it a wise one?

Recently the problem has been brought into focus.

提出观点:

Now there is a growing awareness that...

It is time we explore the truth of ...

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点:

... but that is only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is ...

A is but one of the many effects. Another is ...

Besides, other reasons are...

提出假想例子的方式:

Suppose that...

Just imagine what would be like if...

It is reasonable to expect...

It is not surprising that...

举普通例子:

For example (instance),...

... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is...

A particular example for this is...

引用:

One of the greatest early writers said ...

"Knowledge is power", such is the remark of ... "......". That is how sb. comment (criticize/ praise...). "......". How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事

(先说故事主体),this story is not rare.

..., such dilemma we often meet in daily life.

..., the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因:

There are many reasons for ...

Why .... , for one thing,...

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ... The first reason can be obviously seen.

Most people would agree that...

Some people may neglect that in fact ...

Others suggest that...

Part of the explanation is ...

进行对比:

The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of... Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

Indeed, A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

承上启下:

To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...

A study of ... will make this point clear

让步:

Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾:

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw

the conclusion that ...

In summary, it is wiser ...

In short...

新托福满分作文范文(30篇).pdf

新托福满分作文范文(30篇).pdf

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