Ⅰ. Multiple choice. Choose the best answer to complete the following statements and and then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet. (15 points)
1. produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.(? ?? ?)
? ?A. Broca's aphasic? ?? ?B.The linguistic deprivation
?? C. The damage on the angular gyrus? ?? ?D.Wernicke's aphasic
2. The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in __ and vocabulary.(? ?? ?)
??https://www.doczj.com/doc/fa17191944.html,age? ?? ?? ? B.grammar? ?? ?C.pronunciation? ?? ?D.structure
3. A bilingual speaker often uses two languages alternatively during a conversation with another bilingual speaker,??a speech situation known as (? ?? ?).
A. discourse role-switching? ?? ?? ?? ?B. activity role-switching? ?? ?? ?
C. social role-switching? ?? ?? ?? ???D. code-switching
4. In first language acquisition children usually ______ grammatical rules from the linguistic information they hear.
??https://www.doczj.com/doc/fa17191944.html,e? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B.accept ??C.generalize? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D.reconstruct
5. Which of the following choices is not the key biological basis for human language acquisition? ______.
?? A.Cerebral cortex? ?? ?? ?? ? B.Neurons ??C.Eyes? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? D.Angular gyrus
6. motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to??communicate with native speakers of the target language.
A. Instrumental? ? B. Functional C. Integrative? ? D. Social
7. One of the contribution made is his classification of illocutionary acts.
A. John Austin B. John Searle C. Paul Grice D. Geoffrey Leech
8. A focal point of SLA research has been the nature and development of L2 learners’(? ?? ?).
A. second language? ?? ? B. first language? ?? ??
C. foreign language? ?? D. interlanguage
9. The illocutionary point of is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.
A. representatives? ? B. commissives C. expressives? ? D. declaratives
10. Many aphasics do not show total language loss. Rather, different aspects of language are impaired. Aphasics in area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.
A. Werniker’s? ? B. visual C. motor? ?? ???D. Broca’s
11. Basically all the following categories except ______ are always missing in the children's telegraphic speech stage.
?? A.the copula verb “be” ?? ?? ?? ??? B.inflectional morphemes
? ?C.function words? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D.content words
12. The word “lab” is formed through (? ?? ?).
A. back formation? ?? ???B. blending C. clipping? ?? ?? ?? ?D. derivation
13. The scholars who put forward interaction hypothesis hold ________.
A. language acquisition is a process of “stimulus-response”. B. humans are predisposed to acquire a language. C. human’s
linguistic potentiality must be combined with the environment. D. human’s linguistic environment can be ignored as long as humans have language acquisition device.
14. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.
? ?X: Who was that you were with last night?? Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?
? ? A. quality? B. quantity? C. relation? ? D. manner
15. Read the following two sentences and decide what kind of error the learner commits in the second sentence:
He practiced English a lot last month. (1)
*She comed back home early yesterday. (2)
The error in the second sentence belongs to the category of ___________.
A. negative transfer B. overgeneralization
C. cross-association D. performance error
Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Please mark A for true and B for false in the Answer Sheet. (15 points)
1. (? ?? ?)The term dialect, as a technical term in linguistics, carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form of language.
2. (? ? )Human capacity for language has a genetic basis, i.e. we are all born with the ability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically transmitted.
3. (? ? )Women in Western countries at least appear to be more status-conscious and sensitive to the social significance of certain linguistic variables.
4. (? ? )The case of Genie confirms that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop.
5. (? ?? ?) Linguists found that it would be possible to give an adequate description of meaning even if the context of language use was left unconsidered.
6. (? ?? ?) It is generally accepted that the history of the English language is divided into the periods of Old English,??Middle English and Modern English.
7. (? ?? ?)Linguistic lateralization in terms of right hemispheric dominance for language is found to exist in an overwhelming majority of human beings.
8. (? ?? ?) According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speakers’ perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.
9. (? ?? ?) There are differences in the way people of various generations speak. The most striking differences most easily noted by the layman are likely to be grammatical in nature.
10. (? ?? ?) The left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere because the left hemisphere is language-dominant.
11. (? ?? ?)Interference is the only source of errors in the second language acquisition.
12. (? ?? ?).Language reflects sexism in society. Language itself is not sexist, just as it is not obscene; but it can connote sexist attitudes as well as attitudes about social taboos or racism.
13. (? ? ) The sentences "He crazy" and "He be sick all the time" are both acceptable in Black English vernacular because copula deletion and habitu
al “be” are two famous features of Black English.
14. ( )According to the classification of speech acts, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called directives.
15. ( )People in the west tend to verbalize their gratitude and compliments less than Chinese speakers.
Ⅲ. Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration. (20 points)
1. bilinguialism
2. fossilization
3. CPH
4. register
5. psycholinguistics
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly, give examples to illustrate if necessary(30)
1. Consider the following dialogue:
A: Do you want to go to see a movie tonight?
B: I have an essay to submit tomorrow.
What does person B implicate? Explain how this implicature can be obtained by person A in terms of Grice’s theory of Implicature.
2. Paraphrase each of the following sentences in two different ways to clearr the ambiguity of sentences.
1) Flying planes can be dangerous.
2) The students complained to everyone that they couodn’t understand.
3. What linguistic features of motherese and caretaker do you know?
4. What is the distinction between sentence meaning and utterance meaning?
5. What is Input Hypothesis and its implications for second or foreign language teaching?
Ⅴ. Answer the questions below in detail. (20points)
1. What is the relationship between language and culture? And then state with examples the significance of cultural teaching and learning.
2. Many students learning English achieve very different results even if they are taught by the same teacher based on the same textbook and have spent the same amount of time in class. What factors can possibly account for such differences?