人教版七年级上册英语全册语法知识点梳理
第一讲：动词
（一）Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法
口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：I’m , what’s ,name’s, they’re等
For example：-What is your name?= -What’s your name?
-My name is Cindy. = -My name’s Cindy.
-Are you a student? = -Are you a student?
-Yes, I am a student. = –Yes, I’m a student.
-What are they? =-What are they?
-They are apples. =They’re apples.
What is this? =What’s this?
Exercises
I ________ a student. You ________ Japanese.
He _______ my brother. She_______ very nice.
My name ________Harry. I _______ 10 years old.
LiLei _________ very tall. Mary, this _________ Tom.
What_____ this? Miss Zhou ________ my teacher.
This book________ very interesting. Li Lei and I __________ good friends.
These ________ apples. Those_________ bananas.
They _________students. There _______ some bread on the plate.
The cat________ black. ________ she from China?
________ you good at English? The books ________ on the desk.
The black pants ______ for Su Yang. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
Here ______ some sweaters for you. There ______ a girl in the room.
This pair of boots ______ for Yang Ling. ______ David and Helen from England?
There some milk for me. There ______ some apples on the tree.
_______ there any kites in the classroom? Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.
Some tea ______ in the glass. My sister's name ______Nancy.
_______ there any apple juice in the bottle? My telephone number ________ 8563-0770. （二）动词第三人称单数的构成规则：
a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get----gets like----likes play—plays，want—wants，work—works，know—knows，help—helps，get—gets
b. 以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es；如：guess—guesses，fix—fixes，teach—teaches，brush—brushes，go—goes，do—does，watch—watches，catch—catches
c. 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：study—studies，carry—carries，fly—flies，worry—worries
特殊词：have----has
Exercises
一完成句子。
1. I________ (know) the boy.
2. They________ (go) to work on Sundays.
3. He usually_______ (come) to school early.
4. I often_______ (have) rice, meat and vegetables.
5. My grandfather _______ (play) sports in the park.
6. Miss Li _________ (teach) English in our school.
7. The students of Class Four________ (sing) a song on Monday.
8. Alice and Jerry _________ (do) homework after school.
9. We________ (take) a shower in the evening.
10. Her sister__________ (have) Chinese every day.
11._______ you________ (have) a soccer ball?
12. Mary______________ (not come) from America.
She _________ (come) from Britain.
13._______your mother_________ (watch) TV every day?
14. _____your sister_____ (know) English?
15. Who_____ (want) to go swimming?
二用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. We often _________ (play) in the playground.
2. He __________ (get) up at six o’clock.
3. ________you _________ (brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What________ (do) he usually ________ (do) after school?
5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup?
6.________Mike sometimes __________ (go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she_________ (watch) TV with his parents.
8 _______Mike ________ (read) English every day?
9. How many lessons_________ your classmate________ (have) on Monday?
10. What time _______his mother__________ (do) the housework?
11. He usually _____ (get) up at six in the morning.
12. She______ (have) blues eyes.
13. We _______ (go) to school every day
14. The boy _________ (like) playing football.
15. We_______ (have) no classes on Sundays.
16. She________ (write) to her mother once a week.
17. It _____ (rain) quite often during the month of July every year.
18. She often_________ (watch) TV on Saturdays.
19. Mike usually_________ (ride) a bike with his friends in the park.
20. Peter and Mary often_______ (play) badminton together.
21. My mother______ (have) a lot of cousins.
22. Many people often _______ (listen) to the radio in the morning.
23.______ (do) she _______ (like) playing the violin? Yes, she______ (do).
24. She_____ (have) four brothers. She______ (like) them very much.
25. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.
26. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.
27. Sandy usually _______ (play) the piano on Sundays.
28. The cat________ (like) eating fish every much.
29. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.
30. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.
31. Who________ (teach) English in your school?
32. May I _________ (know) your address?
33.__________ (be) you twelve?
34. She__________ (like) fish, but she ________________ (not like) meat.
35. Her mother is good at _____________ (make) cakes.
36. Mr. Green wants ____________ (buy) a new watch.
37. Who_________ (be) your English teacher?
38. My father ___________ (go) to bed at 10:00 every evening.
39. His friend ________________ (like, play) computer games.
40. Let’s _____________ (watch) TV.
41. _____________Jim and Tom ___________ (like) hamburgers?
42. What kind of movies___________ your grandfather___________ (want) to see?
43. Where ___________ (be) the two volleyballs?
44. That___________ (be) is his family photo.
45. We can_____________ (sing) English songs.
46. He can__________ (do) Chinese Kungfu.
47. What time ___________Mr. Brown _________(take) a shower?
48. Mrs. Jones ____________ (watch) TV in weekends.
49.__________ (be) your sisters in the bedroom?
50. My daughter________ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she ________ (see) a film on Sunday.
第二讲：代词
（一）人称代词及物主代词
人称第一人称
单数第二人称
单数第三人称单数
第一人称
复数
第二人称
复数
第三人称
复数
主格I you he she it we you they 我你他她它我们你们他（她、它）们宾格me you him her it us you them 我你他她它我们你们他（她、它）们形容词
性物主
代词
my your his her its our your their
名词性
物主
代词
mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的
1.通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。
2.通常情况下，人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语。
3.形容词性的物主代词属于限定词，后面要跟它所限定的名词。
4.通常情况下，人称代词主格会与跟在它后面的be动词缩写。
如：I am=I’m you are=you’re he is=he’s she is=she’s
it is =it’s we are=we’re they are=they’re
Exercises
一根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。
Li Lei is from China.___________ is Chinese.
My name is Gina._________ am a student.
This is Tom.________ is in Grade Two.
His name is Tony.___________ telephone number is 856-0770.
She is a student. ________name is Julia.
二.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. (she)
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________. (I)
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. (he)
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________? (you)
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________? (she)
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? (you)
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. (it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. (they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. (we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. (she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. (he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. (they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! （it）
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. (she )
17. ________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. (we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. (they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. (he )
20. May I sit beside _________? (you )
21. Look at that desk. Those books are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she)
（二）．指示代词this ,that, these, those.
These 是this 的复数形式，指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。
Those 是that的复数形式，指时间、距离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。
For example：
This is my room. That is Lucy’s room.
These are his brothers. Those are his books.
第三讲：名词
名词：
表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词
（一）名词的分类
名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。
可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy，desk，cat，window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family，class，police）。
不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water，paper，silk，money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work，happiness，music，difficulty，housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom，the Great Wall，the Spring Festival，France，the United States）。
（二）名词的数
1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：
（1）一般情况下，在词尾加s.
e.g. book——books，dog——dogs，pen——pens，boy——boys
辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为[s]，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为〔z〕。
（2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es.
e.g. beach——beaches，brush——brushes，bus——buses，box—boxes（es读音为〔iz〕
（3）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es.
e.g. city——cities，family——families，documentary——documentaries，country——countries，
strawberry——strawberries（ies读音为[iz]）
（注：以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s. e.g. boys，holidays，days）
（4）以元音字母。结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下：
①加eg. tomato—tomatoes，potato—potatoes
②结尾是两个元音字母的加s，e.g. zoo—zoos，radio——radios
③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s，e.g. piano—pianos
④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s，
e.g. photo（photograph）——photos，kilo（kilogram）kilos
⑤zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 e.g. zeros／zeroes
（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es.
e.g. wife——wives，leaf leaves，half——halves，knife—knives，thief——thieves（res读音为[vz]
（注意：roof的复数为roofs；scarf的复数为scarfs／scarves）
（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es，而是变换其中的字母。
e.g. man——men，woman——women，policeman——policemen，Englishman——Englishmen，
Frenchman——Frenchmen，foot——feet，tooth——teeth，child——children，mouse—mice，Ox—Oxen（公牛）
（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。
e.g. Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish
（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。
e.g. people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors
另外，①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。
e.g. an apple tree，five apple trees，a girl friend，two girl friends，a twin sister
但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。
e.g. two men teachers，three women doctors
②可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。
e.g. a room of students，two boxes of pencils
2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。
（1）表不定数量时，一般用much，（a）little，a lot of／lots of，some，any等词修饰。
e.g. much money，a little bread
（2）表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：two／three／…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。e.g. a bag of rice，two glasses of milk，four bottles of water
3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。
e.g. fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物——foods各种食品；fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒——a drink一杯／一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth布——，a cloth桌布、抹布；sand沙——sands沙滩；tea茶——a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉——a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁——an orange橘子；glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜；paper纸——a paper试卷、论文；wood 木头——a wood小森林；room空间、余地——a room房间
本册已经学过的不可数名词有：broccoli, food, dessert, orange, fruit, soccer, tennis, breakfast, lunch, dinner, help, opera, work, homework, time
ice-cream, salad, chicken(既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词)
(三)名词的所有格：
名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）
（1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加’s.
e.g. Mike’s watch；Wome n’s Day
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加’。
e.g. teachers’ office，students’ rooms
③两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加’s.
e.g. Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）
④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加’s.
e.g. Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）
（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构
e.g. a map of China，the beginning of this game，the door of the room
（3）特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
e.g. the boy’s name=the name of the boy（男孩的名字）
the dog’s legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿）
China’s population=the population of China（中国的人口）
China’s capital=the cap ital of China（中国的首都）
②双重所有格
e.g. a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友
a picture of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片
Exercises
1.写出下列词的复数形式。
baby _______ case_______ knife_______ photo_______
Chinese_________ hamburger___________potato_______ key______
watch_______ name_______ strawberry______ wish_______
tomato__________ dollar________ orange______ people_______ documentary_________boy__________ piano_____ child________
man_______ this______ that_______ I _______
she_________ you_______ bus_______ Japanese___________ 2.翻译短语
五门学科________________________ 三部电影_______________________
一些动作片___________________________ 许多手表_________________________
一点食品________________________ 一点蔬菜________________________
许多冰激凌________________________ 三块鸡肉___________________________ 一些工作_________________________ 许多作业___________________________ 四辆公共汽车________________________
3.选择填空
1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes
B. are photos
C. is a photo
D. is photos
2. This kind of car made in Shanghai.
A. is B .are C .were D .has
3. There are four and two in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans
4. That’s art book.
A. an
B. a
C. the D are
5. The boys have got already.
A. two bread
B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
6. The old man wants .
A. six boxes of apples
B. six boxes of apple
C. six box of apples
D. six boxs of apples
7. There some in the river.
A. is ,fish
B. are, fishs
C. is, fishs
D. are ,fish
8. There two in the box.
A. is watch
B. are watches
C. are watch
D. is watches
9. We should clean twice a day.
A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth
10. The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacher
B. teacher’s
C. teachers’
D. teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letter boxes
B. letters boxes
C. letter box
D. letters box
4.把下列句子变成复数句。
1. This is my friend.
2. This is a bike.
3. That is her brother.
4. This is a book.
5. That is an eraser.
6. It is a red orange.
7. He is a teacher.
8. What’s this?
9. This is my mother.
10. He is a Chinese boy.
11. I am a student.
12. A photo is on the wall.
13. You are a Chinese.
14. It is an action movie.
15. She has a nice dress.
5.改错。
1. He has many ice cream for breakfast.__________________________________________
2. The girl has two broccoli for lunch._____________________________________________
3. I need some salad._________________________________________________________
4. The student does a few homework every day._____________________________________
5. I want to go to movie._______________________________________________________
6. We can see much clothes in the store.____________________________________________
7. Does she have three cousin? __________________________________________________
8. They are Japaneses.___________________________________________________________
9. I have some apple._____________________________________________________________
10. I want to see a Beijing Opera.____________________________________________________
第四讲：数词
（一）基数词在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。
1.基数词的构成
（1）1-20
one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty
（2）21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three，34→thirty-four，45→forty—five，56→fifty-six，67→sixty-seven，78→seventy-eight，89→eighty-nine，91→ninet y-one
（3）101—999先说“几百”，再加and，再加末两位数或末位数；
586→five hundred and eighty-six，803→eight hundred and three
（4）l，000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand.第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion（美式）或thousand ,million（英式），然后一节一节地表示。
1,001→one thousand and one
9,785→nine th ousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
18,423→eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion（美式）
seven hundred and fifty thousand million（英式）
（二）序数词在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。
1.序数词的构成
（1）一般在基数词后加th e.g. four → fourth，thirteen → thirteenth
（2）不规则变化one → first，two →second，three → third，five → fifth，eight → eighth，nine → ninth，twelve——twelfth
（3）以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加th twenty → twentieth，forty → fortieth，ninety → ninetieth
（4）从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。
twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth
2.序数词的用法
（1）序数词作定语时，一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。
e.g. Tom is their second son. He is the first one to come here.
（2）序数词有时可与不定冠词连用，表示数量上“又—”，“再一”
e.g. He tried a second time.他又试了—次。
Shall l ask him a third time？还要我再问他—次吗？（我已问了他两次）
（3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。
1st 2nd，3rd，4th，20th，21st，22nd，23rd
（4）表示年、月、日时，年用基数词，日用序数词。
2005年8月15日：（英）15，8，2005=15th，August，2005；（美）8，15，2005=August 15th，2005 （三）基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。
No.1（1号），No.3bus（3路公共汽车），Room 103，（103号旁间）The first lesson=Lesson Two（第二课）
（四）分数词的表达
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s 1／3-one third；2／5-two fifths
（五）数学运算的表达
eg.3+5=8 Three plus／and five is eight.
9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.
6x5=30 Five times six is thirty
8÷2=4 Eight divided by two is four.
Exercise:
按要求补全句子。
1.There are _________________________________(58个学生)in our class.
2.There are ________________________________(65个班级)in our school.
3.I have ____________________________(13本书) in my schoolbag.
4.Are there _______________________________(73套桌椅) in this classroom.
5.There’re ____________________________(27个男生)and ________________________(31个女生) in
my class.
6.There are __________________________________(15台电脑) in that room.
7.My grandma is _______________________________(82岁).
8.There are ________________________________(44位女老师) in her school.
9.There are __________________________(94位男医生) in that big hospital,
10.I can see __________________________________(几只鸟) in the tree.
11.______________________________(多少幅画) are there in you bedroom ?
12.I have ________________________________(3本字典).
13.Can you see ________________________________(一些风筝) in the sky ?
14.Our school has _________________________________(2个图书馆) .
15.There are ___________________________________(12个月) in a year.
16.Paul’s father is _____________________________________(57岁).
17.There are ______________________________(13辆公共汽车) on the street.
18.We can see __________________________________(18个妇女) over there.
19.There are ___________________________________(22个孩子) in the room.
20.I can see ____________________________________(六杯茶) on the table.
第五讲：介词
一：注意点
1.常用介词及其比较：
①表示地理位置的介词：
(1)at ,in, on, to
at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边”
in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻，接壤
to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤
E.g.：He arrived at the station at ten.
He is sitting at the desk.
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
Russia lies on the north of China.
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.
(2) above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对；
over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
e.g. The bird is flying above my head.
There is a bridge over the river.
He put his watch on the desk.
(3)below, under 在……下面
under表示在…正下方
below表示在……下，不一定在正下方
e.g. There is a cat under the table.
Please write your name below the line.
②表示时间的介词：
(1) in , on，at 在……时
in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。
e.g. in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January,
in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。
on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。
e.g. on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night
in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
e.g. at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …,
at the age of …, at Christmas，at night, at noon, at this moment等。
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. (2)in, after 在……之后
“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
e.g. My mother will come back in three or four days.
He arrived after five months.
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon.
(3) from, since 自从……
from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；
since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。
e.g. He studied the piano from the age of three.
They have lived here since 1978.
(4)after, behind 在……之后
after主要用于表示时间；
behind主要用于表示位置。
e.g. We shall leave after lunch.
Lucy is hiding behind an old house.
③表运动方向的介词：
across, through 通过，穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关；
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。
e.g. She swam across the river.
He walked through the forest.
④表示“在……之间”的介词：
between, among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间；
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
⑤表示其他意义的介词：
(1)on ,about 关于
on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；
about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。
e.g. There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.
He is writing a book on cooking.
He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.
(2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具
by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；
with 表示用…工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；
in 表示用…方式，用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；
e.g. He makes a living by selling newspapers.
He broke the window with a stone.
The foreigner spoke to us in English.
(3)except, besides 除了
except 除……之外，不包括在内；
besides 除……之外，包括在内。
e.g. Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)
Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)
E x e r c i s e s
1.Could you tell me something ______ UFOs? I am really interested in it.
A. of
B. with
C. about
D. at
2.I hope you will be here at half _____ eight tomorrow morning.
A. in
B. at
C. to
D. past
3.Fangfang’s father is _______ forty years old.
A. about
B. for
C. to
D. by
4.Don’t worry _______ your maths. I will help you _____ it.
A. with...about
B. about...on
C. about...with
D. on...about
5.They lived in a flat_____ the shop.
A. about
B. on
C. to
D. above
6.How can you go ______ the street when the traffic is heavy?
A. across
B. cross
C. through
D. past
7.How long would it take to swim _______ the river?
A. by
B. across
C. over
D. through
8.The river goes ______ the city from west to east.
A. through
B. over
C. into
D. throughout
9.Dongdong’s father was so tired ______ a day’s work that he went to bed early.
A. after
B. before
C. in
D. out
10.What’s time _______ your watch, please?
A. on
B. in
C. by
D. with
11.He left Luxun Park and walked ______ Sichuan road.
A. along
B. after
C. for
D. to
12.My brother is tall _______ I am short.
A. while
B. when
C. as
D. for
13.Where is Tom? You can find him ______ the boys over there.
A. by
B. between
C. among
D. into
14.The small town lies _____ the three mountains.
A. among
B. inside
C. into
D. between
15.There is a small house______ the trees.
A. in
B. through
C. among
D. around
16.The headmaster showed the foreign friends _____ the school.
A. along
B. to
C. around
D. over
17.There are a lot of trees and flowers ______ our school building.
A. among
B. above
C. around
D. with
18.As we all know, the earth moves ______ the sun.
A. around
B. over
C. into
D. for
19.I will work _______ a doctor in two months.
A. as
B. for
C. at
D. to
20.My birthday is coming. My uncle gave me a new watch _____ a present yesterday.
A. with
B. like
C. as
D. for
21.We were very surprised ______ the news.
A. into
B. for
C. out of
D. at
22.You have lost the key of Tony’s bike, you’d better apologize _____ him.
A. for
B. in
C. to
D. at
23.It’s so cold outside. You’d better stay_______ home.
A. in
B. on
C. or
D. at
24.Why are you _____ such a hurry? I must meet my aunt _____ the station.
A. at...at
B. in...at
C. with...at
D. in...in
25.His room is _______ the twelfth floor. Let’s go up _____ lift.
A. on...in
B. by...on
C. on...by
D. on...on
26.To my surprise I saw many people dancing _____ the tree.
A. in
B. past
C. over
D. round
27._____their stay in Beijing, they visited many beautiful places.
A. At
B. During
C. In
D. For
28.The girl would like to have a talk ____ her mother about her future.
A. for
B. with
C. at
D. in
29.We have not seen him _____ Sunday.
A. to
B. since
C. past
D. until
30.Great changes have taken place in Shanghai ______ 1992.
A. since
B. after
C. during
D. until
31.Our school is ______ this highrise. You can’t see it from here.
A. of
B. with
C. behind
D. at
https://www.doczj.com/doc/fa11325709.html,e and sit______ me. The film will begin at once.
A. beside
B. between
C. on
D. at
33.Don’t talk ____ your father. He is doing some important work.
A. about
B. for
C. from
D. to
34.According ______ the doctor, sugar is bad for me.
A. on
B. at
C. to
D. of
35.What do you think of the group singing _____ Class three?
A. in
B. by
C. at
D. on
36.The bank opens every day _____ Sunday.
A. during
B. on
C. except
D. from
37.It’s good for us to go out _____ a walk after supper.
A. for
B. of
C. with
D. to
38.I was sick, so I have to ask _____ leave.
A. of
B. in
C. for
D. to
39.Have you got any tickets _______ next Sunday’s show?
A. for
B. on
C. in
D. of
40.Yesterday we kept working _______ the night, so we are very tired now.
A. during
B. for
C. over
D. throughout
41.My mother is not at home. She will be back _____ 2 hours.
A. before
B. for
C. in
D. after
42.Maths is very important _____ many ways.
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. on
43.Xiaoming won the first prize in a maths contest. Soon the news was known _____ the school.
A. in
B. past
C. over
D. throughout
44.She looks like Chinese, but ____ fact she is Japanese.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. for
45.Water can turn _____ ice when the temperature is below zero.
A. in
B. into
C. by
D. until
46.He climbed the tree _____ a cat.
A. after
B. as
C. over
D. like
47._______ all the sports, I like swimming best.
A. At
B. In
C. Of
D. For
48.We are very proud _____ our new progress.
A. with
B. from
C. of
D. at
49.Did you see Mary? I saw her walk ______the library just now.
A. in
B. into
C. by
D. until
50.The glass fell _____ the table and broke.
A. of
B. off
C. under
D. beside
51.We will have a check-up _____ our eyesight next Monday.
A. on
B. in
C. for
D. at
52.When the little boy saw a ball, he was so happy that he ran ______ it.
A. up
B. at
C. towards
D. into
53.Tom came into the meeting room and sat down _____ my right.
A. to
B. on
C. in
D. at
54.She often learns English _____ the TV.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. from
55.I like my tea _____ milk and sugar in it.
A. with
B. in
C. inside
D. of
56.Chinese is spoken by many people ____ China.
A. out
B. off
C. outside
D. into
57.We all want to see Yangpu Bridge _______ our own eyes.
A. on
B. in
C. for
D. with
58.The man was holding an umbrella _____ his head.
A. over
B. above
C. at
D. on
59.It’s very hot. The temperature is _______ 35 ℃ already.
A. over
B. on
C. past
D. after
60.I know nothing about it ______ Jane told me.
A. since
B. with
C. at
D. until
第六讲：句型
句型结构
1.肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+…
主语+can+动词原形+
行为动词原形
主语+ +其他…
行为动词单三形式
2.否定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+not+…
主语+can’t(can not) +动词原形+…
主语+don’t(do not)+动词原形+…
3.一般疑问句 a. Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+…？
Yes,主语+be No,主语+be not.
b. Can+主语+动词原形+…？
Yes,主语+can. No,主语+can’t.
c. Do/Does+主语+动词原形+…？
Yes，主语+do/does. No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.
4.特殊疑问句 a.疑问词+be+主语+…？
主语+be+…
b.疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+…？
主语+can+动词原形+…
c.疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+…？
动词原形
主语+ +其他…
动词三单形式
d.疑问词：who/how/how old/how much/where/ when/why/what/which/
what kind of/ what time/what color/what subject
5.There be 句型
There be 表示的概念是“有”，是一种存在的关系，即“某地有某物”。There 是引导词，be是谓语动词（am, is , are），后面就是名词，也就是句子的主语。
There is +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地点。
There are +名词复数+地点。
There be 句型的肯定式：There is +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地点。
There are +名词复数+地点。
否定式：There is + not +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地点。
There are + not +名词复数+地点。
一般疑问句形式：Is there +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地点+?
Are there +名词复数+地点+?
Exercise:
一写出下列动词的三单形式。
take be like play swim run do
watch wish think eat have want study
help learn teach start go
二将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答。
1. My name’s Bob.
2. I’m his uncle.
3. Our shirts are too long.
4. My friend gets up at five o’clock.
5. Lucy and Lily like sports.
6. Jerry’s teacher can play chess.
7. Alica is my aunt.
8. She wants to see Beijing Opera.
三划出下列每句中正确的词。
1. (Is/Are) his eraser on the sofa?
2. (Where/What) is your baseball?
3. (Do/Does) Mary have a clock?
4. (Are/Do) they want to see a movie?
5. (Is/Can) she play the violin?
6. I (don’t/doesn’t) like hamburgers.
7. Why does Alice (likes/like) music? 8. Who (am/is) your father?
9. (What/What’s) her favorite subject? 10. How much (are/is) her socks?
四句型转换：对划线部分提问
1. Peter is 12 years old.
2. This is an English book.
3. The backpacks are black.
4. Scott likes history.
5. They have vegetables for lunch.
6. She can play chess and sing.
7. It’s nine o’clock.
8. We go to bed at ten o’clock.
9. His shoes are under the table.
10. Her basketball is 5 dollars.
11. Dave’s favorite food is ice cream.
12. He likes documentaries.
13. My birthday is October 1st.
14. They are fine.
15. Nick wants to join the swimming club.
16. Rick Smith is my favorite actor.
17. Her favorite subject is science.
18. Mike and Jack like math because it’s interesting.
19. My mother’s favorite color is blue.
20. We go to school in the morning.
21. It’s December 30th today.
五连词成句。
1. sister, is ,she, your(?)
2. are, Lucy’s, those, rulers(.)
3. thrillers, like, Maria, doesn’t(.)
4. want, join, to ,do, They, not, music club, the(.)
5. uncle, is, also, thinks, it, boring, June’s father(.)
6. play, my, the ,piano, well, can, grandfather(.)
7. tennis, like, but, doesn’t, Jim, he, volleyball, likes(.)
8. two, has, she, and, sisters, brothers, a(.)
9. is, the, what, time(?)
10. color, what, the ,coat, is(?)
六根据答语或问句，补全对话。
1.A：
B: His telephone number is 8563-0770.
2. A: What’s your family name?
B:
3. A:
B: My first name is Tom.
4. A:
B: It's a pen.
6.A:
B: C---O---A---T, coat.
7.A:
B: Yes, she is my sister.
8.A: Where's my backpack?
B:
9.A:
B: My books are on the sofa.
10.A:
B: Yes, I do. I have a basketball.
11.A: What does Kate like for lunch?
B:
12.A:
B: I usually go to school at 7:15.
13.A:
B: It's ten dollars.
14.A:
B: He can sing and dance.
15.A: How much are these socks?
B:
16.A:
B: Yes, Jenny’s favorite teacher is Mr. Blake.
17.A：Can you speak Chinese?
B:
18.A: How old is John?
B:
19.A:
B: He watches TV after dinner.
20.A:
B: My birthday is November 11th.
21.A:
B: No, I don't want to go to movies.
22.A:
B: I like action movies and thrillers, but I don't like documentaries.
23.A: What club do you want to join?
B:
24.A:
B: I get up at six o'clock.
25.A:
B: It's eight fifteen.
26.A:
B: Mr. Wang is my science teacher.
27.A:
B: Because music is relaxing.
七年级上册英语语法 1.介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床上 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2.冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。 1）不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。 a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book； an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 2）定冠词the the可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3、名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： 1）一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 2）如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 3）如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节 4）表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 5）动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语
外研版七年级英语（上）语法专题复习 一、一般现在时： 概念： 1.现在的状态，经常或习惯性的动作。 2.主语所具的性格和能力。 3.客观真理。 常用的时间状语：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天),every day/month/year(每一天/月/年） 句型结构： （一）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.） 巩固练习 1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom. 2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here. 3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate. 4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six. 5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be). 6. ____ her parents tall? No, they____. （二）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）
主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用-助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数的构成 1.在词尾加-s：speak-speaks, work-works 2.以“辅音+y”结尾，把y改为i,再加-es：study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾,加-es：watch-watches teach-teaches 特殊情况：have-has do-does go—goes 巩固练习 .1.His parents _______(watch) TV every night. My brother _________(do) homework every day. 2.His parents _________(not watch) every night . My brother________(not do)homework every day. 3._____his parents_____(watch) TV every night ? ______ your brother _____ (do)homework every day? 4.He ____(have) two sisters. 5.Peter____(study) hard. 二．现在进行时： 表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 常用的时间状语: now（现在）,listen（看）,look（听） at the moment（此刻）, at this time（这个时候）。 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(v-ing)
一、不定式和动名词： 1、省略了to的不定式：（助动词后面加动词原形） have sb. do sth. let sb.do sth. make sb. do sth. help sb. do sth./help sb. with sth. can/may/have to/must do sth. see sb do sth （看见某人做某事，看见全过程，类似的还有：hear sb do sth , watch sb.do sth , find sb. do sth., notice sb. do sth等） 2、带to的不定式： want to do sth. want sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. decide to do sth would like to do sth. hope to do sth. like to do sth（一般指一次性的行为）love to do sth. remember to do sth（记得去做某事，此事还未做）stop to do sth（停下来去做某事，此事是即将要做的事） 3、带to的不定式可以作后置定语，如：something to eat（吃的东西） 4、不定式表目的：如To save class time, our teacher has us do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们在课堂上做一半练习，剩下的一半在课后作为家庭作业完成。 注意：for也可表目的，但for后面加名词或动名词，如I buy it for you. 5、动名词：（介词后面加名词或动名词） have fun doing sth. practice doing sth. enjoy doing sth. what/how about doing sth. be busy doing sth. spend time doing sth. be good at doing sth.(be good at sth.) like doing sth（经常性的行为，习惯爱好） remember doing sth（记得做过某事，此事已经做了）stop doing sth（停止做某事，此事是要停止的） see sb doing sth（看见某人正在做某事，类似的有：hear sb doing sth , watch sb.doing sth , find sb. doing sth., notice sb. doing sth） No talking（与之类似的：No swimming , No smoking等）thanks for doing sth. 二、冠词 不定冠词：a , an 可数名词前可以加a 或an。以元音（不是元音字母）开头的名词前加an，以辅音开头的名词前加a 如：a uniform an hour There is a “u” and an “n” in the word. 定冠词：the，有指定性的名词前加the，前文出现过再次出现时前面也加the 注意：物主代词后面不加冠词（my home）；某些名词前不加冠词（如国家，城市，有名字的街道，三餐，具体的年份和月份等）；球类运动前不加the，而乐器前要加the。 含冠词的短语：on weekends 和on the weekend，take a bus/taxi/walk，take a photo和take photos，go to a movie和go to the movies，have a look，have a walk，have a rest，have a good time，in the neighborhood等。 三、介词（后加名词或动名词，还可组成固定短语。但注意：home , here , there ，today, tomorrow, yesterday等词除固定短语外前面不加介词；由this, that ,these, those，each, any, every, some, all等用于表示时间概念的名词前往往不加介词。） 1、介词in 表示一天中某段时间，指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如：in the morning 表示“在……里面”the window is in the wall , I sit in the chair. He is in the red shirt. The bird is in the tree. 表示“排、行、组，前、后”，如：We are in Team One. in front of（在前面）,in the front of （在前部） 表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing. arrive in Yueyang 表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China. 表示“用材料、语言”如：Can you say it in English? What’s this in English? 2、介词on 用来表示某一天或星期几，指明具体的某一天。如：on a rainy day 表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table. The apple is on the tree.（树的一部分） 在…队里用on，如：on the basketball team 表示“左、右”，如：Li Ping is on my left. 用于路名，如：He lives on Nanjing Road. 表示“紧邻”如：Canada lies on the north of the U.S. 3、介词at 表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等（具体的，小的时间）。如：at noon , at 6 am 表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等，如：He lives at a small village. 用于门牌号，如：He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road. 4、介词for 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
七年级上册英语语法 1．动词be（is,am,are）的用法 我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 2．this，that和it用法 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如： This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如： This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如： This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如： —Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？ —Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？ 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如： ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？ —Yes, it is. 是的，它是。 ②—What’s that? 那是什么？ —It’s a kite. 是只风筝。 3．these和those用法 this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 ③Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？ 在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如： ④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？ Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。 4．名词＋’s所有格 单数名词后直接加“ ’s ”： Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈 以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”
Like hamburger tomato broccoli French fries ice cream salad strawberry pear Fruit egg apple orange banana breakfast lunch dinner runner carrot chicken eat star healthy Food dessert list lots of like to do sth like doing sth. 语法 A.表达喜欢和不喜欢 重要句型 1.--------Do you like salad? ---------No, I don't./ Yes, I don't. 2.--------Does he like strawberries? ---------No, he doesn't/ Yes, he does. 3.---------Do they like French fries? -----------yes, they do./ No, they doesn't. 4, I like orange. 5.They like salad. 6.She likes ice cream. 专项练习 二、句型转换 8.I like apples. (改疑问句) Do you ______apples? 9.He likes bananas. (改否定句) He ______ ______ bananas. 10.Do they like salad ?( 改肯定句) They______ salad. 11.Does she like eggs? （否定回答）No. She _____. (肯定句) She _______eggs. 12.There are many books in the drawer.(同义句) There are _____ _______ books in the drawer. 6.my, egg, every , day, an , breakfast, has, for , uncle. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 一、They all like _______(bread), they _________(not like) rice. 二、She has _______(vegetable) and fruit for supper? 三、Do you like _________ (orange)? 四、_______he _______ (have) hamburgers for lunch? 五、There are four Americans and ten _______ (Chinese) in his class. 六、Julia has a lot of _______ (friend) at school 七、Look! Some chicken ______ on the plate(盘子), and some apples _______next to plate.(be) 八、Sandra is a _____ (run)star. 2.按要求完成下列各词 2.Watch (复数)___________ 2.relax (形容词)___________ 3,free (反义词)___________ 4 .teach (名词)_____________ A.do(第三人称)___________ 6.friend (复数)____________ 7.run (名词) _____________ 8.I (所有格)_______________
初一英语语法知识点总结归纳 【导语】学习是一架保持平衡的天平，一边是付出，一边是收获，少付出少收获，多付出多收获，不劳必定无获！要想取得理想的成绩，勤奋至关重要！只有勤奋学习，才能成就美好人生！勤奋出天才，这是一面永不褪色的旗帜，它永远激励我们不断追求、不断探索。有书好好读，有书赶快读，读书的时间不多。只要我们刻苦拼搏、一心向上，就一定能取得令人满意的成绩。下面是无忧考网为您整理的《初一英语语法知识点总结归纳》，仅供大家参考。【陈述句】 1、概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。 2、分类：陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为―主语+谓语‖和―主语+连系动词+表语‖两种;而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句(1)“主语+谓语”结构① 肯定陈述句I like that book.我喜欢那本书。(陈述一个事实) I really agree.我确实同意。(陈述一个观点) ② 否定陈述句I did not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。(陈述一个事实) (2)主语+连系动词+表语结构① 肯定陈述名The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。(陈述观点) ② 否定陈述句Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。(陈述一个事实) 3、陈述句的否定结构：陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：(1)句子的谓语动词为be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词+ not + 其他成分I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。We have not (haven`t) any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面
七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结 初一英语语法学习知识点总结初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常 用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词a）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, americans, germans, apples, bananas二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加 es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, chinese, japanese七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
人教版七年级英语语法 一、be动词（is ,am ,are）的用法 二、this，that和it用法 三、these和those用法 四、不定冠词a和an 五、名词＋’s所有格 六、There be句型 七、like一词的用法 八、一般现在时 九、句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素 十、英语日期的表示法 十一、名词复数 十二、时间的表达法 十三、关于时间的问法 十四、 want用法 一、be动词（is ,am ,are）的用法 我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 二．this，that和it用法 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如： This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如： This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如： This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？ 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。②—What’s that? 那是什么？—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。 三．these和those用法 this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？
人教版七年级（上册）英语知识点 第一块国际音标 国际音标是一种工具，其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。 1、20个元音 单元音： ／i:／Ee、／з:／her ／u:／do ／I／it ／?／about ／u／book ／ɑ:／are ／／or ／?／any ／／us ／／off ／e／at 双元音： ／／Ii ／／out ／／ear ／／Aa，／／Oo ／／air ／／boy ／／sure 2、28辅音： 成对的清浊辅音： ／p／map ／t／it ／k／book ／f／off ／θ／math ／s／yes ／b／club ／d／dad ／g／big ／v／have ／e／this ／z／zoo ／／fish ／／watch ／tr／tree ／ts／its ／／usually ／／orange ／dr／dress ／dz／beds 其他辅音： ／m／am ／n／and ／／English ／l／like ／h／hello ／r／red ／w／what ／j／yes 3、国际音标拼读规则： 辅见元，碰一碰。／l／在前，发本音；音节后面卷下舌。 ／p／、／t／、／k／、／tr ／清辅音，／s／后读成浊辅音。 本块词汇: speak说讲start开始school学校 s trict严格的out外面club俱乐部usually通常 dress化妆about关于大约us我们her她的ear耳朵English英语sure当然可以air空气or或者any一些boy男孩orange橙子,桔子map地图tree树math数学 off离开watch观看手表do做 like喜欢 beds床what什么hello喂是的red红色的yes是的 book书its它的 zoo动物园fish鱼dad爸爸big大的have有this这it它 Starter unit1-3 一、文化常识 1、英语文化区域，熟人之间见面，常要互相问好。早上用语Good morning ! 下午用语Good afternoon ! 晚上用语Good evening ! 例如：
选择正确答案： 1. A：What’s five and eight? B：. A. Twelve B. Thirteen C. Fourteen D. Fifteen 2. Is that girl ? A. in grade four B. in Four Grade C. in Grade Four D. in four grade 3. --- How old is your father? --- He is . A. fourty-one B. fourty first C. forty-one D. forty first 4. She is English girl and we are Chinese boys. A. a, a B. an, / C. a, the D. an, the 5. She goes down to the place which is miles away from her house. A. three hundred B. several hundreds C. three hundreds D. three hundreds of 6．Mr. White lives on floor. A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth 1. We are going to learn tomorrow. A. lesson ten B. Lesson Ten C. Tenth Lesson D. The Lesson Ten 2. －How far away is the small village from London? －It’s about kilometers. A. seven hundred and twenty two B. seven hundred and twenty-two C. seven hundreds and twenty-two D. seven hundreds twenty-two 3. December is month of the year. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth D. the twelve 4. The books are for . A. we three B. three we C. us three D. three us 5. Our teacher is always to come to school. A. one B. first C. the first D. a first 6. If you want to get to the station, take . A. bus No. the nineth B. the No. 9 bus C. No. 9th bus D. No. the Ninth bus 1.The ________ man is Beckham, a famous(著名的) football player. A. two B. second C. three 2. I don’t quite like . It’s too hard. A. the fifth lesson B. the lesson five C. five lessons D. the fifth lessons 3. The road is over(超过) meters long. A. six hundred and fifty-two B. six hundreds and fifty-two C. six hundred fifty two D. six hundred fifty and two 4. January is New Year’s Day. A. one B. two C. the first D. the second 5. We have five trees. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of Movie action comedy documentary Thriller opera scary funny sad exciting really think learn about history favourite actor Weekend successful new a kind of
七年级英语语法----时态（一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时）学习手册 在七年级英语学习中我们主要学习了３种时态，即一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时。今天我们就将这３种时态进行对比学习。Come on my friends! 一、一般现在时 定义：表示经常、反复发生的动作，经常存在的状态或者习惯性动作（有时间规律发生的事情）的一种时间状态。（很拗口，但要学会就必须深刻体会，so please 将其狂读3遍） 具体用法 1、表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。（always, usually, often, sometimes, every day\ morning\ night\ evening\afternoon\week,） e.g. I go to school at 8:00 every morning. 2 表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态及喜好等。 e.g She is 11 years old . I don’t like English. She can speak English well. 3表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g The earth moves around the sun. 基本结构构成 含有be（am、is 、are）动词的用法 肯定句：I am+其它 You \ they\ we are +其它 She \he \ it+is +其它 否定句：I am not+ 其它。 You \ they\ we are not +其它 She \he \ it+is +not +其它 一般疑问句及回答： Are you +其它？ 肯定回答：yes, I am. 否定回答：no, I am not. Are you\ they\ you+ 其它？ 肯定回答: yes,we \they are. 否定回答：no, we \they are not. Is she\ he \it+其它？ 肯定回答: yes,she \he \it is. 否定回答:no,she \he \it is not. 从上面结构中你能总结出be动词的用法吗？单数________，复数_________ ；我用_________，你用__________ ，______________-连着她他它。
七年级上册英语语法大全(整理版)
七年级上册英语语法 1.介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床上 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2.冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。 1）不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。 a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book； an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 2）定冠词the the可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3、名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形 式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： 1）一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 2）如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 3）如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节
初一上英语语法专项练习 专项训练---There be 句型 一.根据所给汉语完成句子。 1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _____ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There ____ some money in the picture. 3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag. 4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_____ _____ anything else in it? 5. 我们学校有许多班。There _____ many _________ in our school. 6. 树上没有鸟。There _____ ______ birds in the tree. 7. 树上有很多苹果。______ ______ _______apples ______the tree. 二.选择填空： 1. Are there any maps on the wall? ___ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many ____ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. boy D. milk 3. There aren’t __ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much 4.There ____ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are 5.Are there ___ houses near the river? Yes, there are____ . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any 三.句型转换： 1.There is a woman near the house.（变复数）_____________________________________ 2. There are some buses near the hill.（变单数）_______________________________________ 3. There are some apples in the tree（变一般问句）_____________________________ 4. There are some oranges in the glass.（变否定句）___________________________________ 5. Is there a baby in the room?（变复数）___________________________________________ 6. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就划线部分提问) ______ ______ in the garden? 7.There _____ _____ milk in the glass. 8.There is no book on the floor. (同意句转换) There _____ _____ book on the floor. 9.. There are no pens in the pencil-case. (同意句转换) There ______ ______pens in the pencil-case. 10. A week has seven days. (同意句转换) ______ ______ seven days ______a week. 11. There are some books on my shelves. (同意句转换) ______ ______ some books ______ the shelves.