一、律师部分
案件受理费 court acceptance fee
案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case
案由 cause of action 案子 case 包揽诉
讼 monopolize lawsuits
被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)
被上诉人 appellee 被诉人 respondent; defendant 本案律师 councel pro hac vice
本地律师 local counsel 毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate
辩护词 defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点 point of defense 辩护意见 submission
财产租赁 property tenancy 裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁)
裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence
草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions
产权转让 conveyancing 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad
出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena
答辩状 answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让
agency for sale and transfer of real estate
代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration
代写文书 drafting of legal instruments
待决案件 pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人 third party 吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license
调查笔录 investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation
调解书 mediation 二审案件 case of
trial of second instance 发送电子邮件 send e-mail 法律顾问 legal consultants
法律意见书 legal opinions 法律援助
legal aid 法律咨询 legal counseling
法庭 division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会 law society 法学课程 legal courses
法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws) 法
学系 faculty of law; department of law
法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院 law school
法院公告 court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer
非合伙律师 associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人 senior partner 高级律师 senior lawyer
各类协议和合同 agreements and
contracts 公安局 Public Security Bureau 公司上市 company listing 公诉案件
public-prosecuting case 公证书 notarial certificate 国办律师事务所 state-run law office 国际贸易 international trade
国际诉讼 international litigation 国内诉讼 domestic litigation 合伙律师 partner lawyer
合伙制律师事务所 law office in
partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人 interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师 part-time lawyer
监狱 prison; jail 鉴定结论 expert conclusion 缴纳会费 membership dues 举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书 decision 勘验笔录 record of request 看守所 detention house 抗诉书protest 控告人 accuser; complainant
跨国诉讼 transnational litigation 劳动争议 labor disputes 劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes
劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm 利害关系人 interested party; party in interest
律管处处长 director of lawyer control department 律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law
律师惩戒 lawyer discipline 律师法Lawyer Law 律师费 lawyer fee 律师函lawyer’s letter
律师见证 lawyer
attestation/authentication 律师见证书lawyer
certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file 律师刊物lawyer’s journal 律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer
律师事务所 law office; law firm 律师收费 billing by lawyer 律师网站 lawyer website
律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association
律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition
律师业务室lawyer’s office 律师执业证lawyer license 律师助理 assistant lawyer
律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam 律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件 civil case民事调解 civil mediation 民事诉讼 civil litigation 派出所local police station; police substation
判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件); determination(用于终审); sentence(用于刑事案); verdict(由陪审团作出)
旁证 circumstantial evidence 企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw
企业重组 corporate restructure 起诉状information; indictment 取消律师资格
disbar
全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress 缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default
人民法院People’s Court 人民检察院People’s Procuratorate 认定事实 determine facts
上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case 上诉人 appellant 上诉状 petition for appeal
涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 申请复议administrative reconsideration petition
申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant
申诉案件 appeal case 申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff 申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision
实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period 实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer
视听证据 audio-visual reference material 适用法律 apply law to facts 受害人 victim
书证 documentary evidence 司法部Ministry of Justice 司法建议书 judicial advise
司法局 Judicial Bureau 司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau 司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau
司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam 送达 service of process 诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit
诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party 诉讼业务 litigation practice
诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务
promote/market legal service
外国律师事务所 foreign law office 委托代理合同 authorized representation contract
委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent 委托授权书 power of attorney 物证material evidence
嫌疑人 criminal suspect 项目融资project financing 项目谈判 project negotiating 刑事案件 criminal case
刑事诉讼 criminal litigation 行政诉讼administrative litigation 休庭 adjourn the court; recess
宣判 pronounce judgement; determination 宣誓书 affidavit 业务进修attendance in advanced studies
一审案件 case of trial of first instance 与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms
原告 plaintiff 证券律师 securities lawyer 证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit 执行笔录 execution record
执业登记 registration for practice 执
业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area
执业申请 practice application 执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license 仲
裁 arbitration
仲裁案件 arbitration case 仲裁机构arbitration agency 专门律师 specialized lawyer
专职律师 professional lawyer;
full-time lawyer 撰写法律文章 write legal thesis 资信调查 credit standing investigation
自诉案件 private prosecuting case
二、诉讼法律
案件 case 案件发回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court) 案件名称 title of a case 案卷材料 materials in the case
案情陈述书 statement of case 案外人person other than involved in the case 案
值 total value involved in the case
败诉方 losing party 办案人员 personnel handling a case 保全措施申请书 application for protective measures
报案 report a case (to security authorities) 被告 defendant; the accused
被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder 被害人victim 被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem
被上诉人 respondent; the appellee 被申请人 respondent 被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed
被执行人 person subject to enforcement 本诉 principal action 必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord 辩护defense 辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人 defender
辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段 stage of court debate
驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original
judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书 notice of dismissal 驳回自诉
dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩supplementary answer
补充判决 supplementary judgement 补充侦查 supplementary investigation 不公开审理 trial in camera
不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing 不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉 nol pros 不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)
裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order 裁定书order; ruling 裁决书 award 采信的证据admitted evidence
查封 seal up 撤回上诉 withdraw appeal 撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit 撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据 exhibit 除权判决
invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments) 传唤 summon; call
传闻证据 hearsay 答辩 answer; reply 答辩陈述书 statement of defence 答辩状answer; reply
大法官 associate justices; justice 大检察官 deputy chief procurator 代理控告agency for accusation
代理申诉 agency for appeal 代理审判员acting judge
代为申请取保候审 agency for
application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure 当事人陈述 statement of the parties
当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court 地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate 第三人 third party 调查笔录record of investigation
定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence 冻结 freeze 督促程序procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭 sole-judge bench 独任仲裁员
sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决 judgement inter parties 二审trial of second instance 二审案件 case of trial of second insurance
罚款 impose a fine 法定证据 statutory legal evidence 法定证据制度 system of legal evidence 法官 judges
法警 bailiff; court police 法律文书legal instruments/papers 法律援助 legal aid 法律咨询 legal consulting
法庭辩论 court debate 法庭调查 court investigation 法庭审理笔录 court record 法庭审理方式 mode of court trial
法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal 法院 court 法院公告 court announcement 反诉counterclaim
反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim 反诉状 counterclaim 犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action 附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action
复查 reexamination; recheck 复验reinspect 高级法官 senior judge 高级检察官senior procurator
高级人民法院Higher People’s Court 告诉案件 case of complaint 告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division 工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children
公安部 Ministry of Public Security 公安分局 public security sub-bureau
公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开审理 trial in public 公开审判制度 open trial system 公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation 公诉案件 public-prosecuting case 公诉词statement of public prosecution 公证机关public notary office
共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction 管辖jurisdiction 国际司法协助 international judicial assistance
海事法院 maritime court 合议庭
collegial panel 合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解 composition; compromise 核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties 恢复执行 resumption of execution
回避 withdrawal 混合式诉讼 mixed action 基层人民法院basic People’s Court 羁押期限 term in custody
级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance
监狱 prison 检察官 procurator 检察权prosecutorial power 检察委员会
procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院 procuratorate 检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate 简易程序summary procedure
鉴定结论 expert conclusion 经济审判庭economic tribunal
径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings 拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant 拘留所 detention house
举报 information/report of an offence 举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书 decision
军事法院 military procuratorate 开庭审理 open a court session 开庭通知 notice of court session
勘验笔录 record of inquest 看守所detention house 可执行财产 executable property 控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings
控诉证据 incriminating evidence 控诉职能 accusation function 扣押 distrain on; attachment 扣押物 distress/distraint
宽限期 period of grace 劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration 劳改场 reform-through-labor farm
劳教所 reeducation-through-labor
office
类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据 cumulative evidence
立案报告 place a case on file 立案管辖functional jurisdiction 立案决定书 written decision of case-filing
立案侦查 report of placing a case on file 利害关系人 interested party 临时裁决书 interim award
律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication 律师事务所 law office; law firm
律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer 免于刑事处分 exemption from
criminal penalty 民事案件 civil case
民事审判庭 civil tribunal 民事诉讼
civil action 民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law
扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police 派出法庭 detached tribunal 派出所police station
判决 judgement; determination 判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的) 旁证 circumstantial evidence
陪审员 juror 批准逮捕 approval of arrest 破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case 破产 bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序 general/ordinary procedure 普通管辖 general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation 起诉 filing of a lawsuit
起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings 起诉状indictment; information
区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate 取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决 default judgement 人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉 appeal 上诉人 appellant 上诉状petition for appeal 少管所 juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security 涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings 涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings 申请人 applicant; petitioner
申请书 petition; application for arbitration 申请执行人 execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity 申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision
神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence 神示制度 ordeal system 审查案件case review
审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest 审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution 审理通知书 notice of hearing
审判长 presiding judge 审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session
审判管辖 adjudgement/trial
jurisdiction 审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision 审判委员会 judicial committee
审判员 judge 审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings 生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方 winning party 省市自治区检察院hi gher People’s Procuratorate 失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death 实(质)体证据 substantial evidence 实物证据tangible evidence 实在证据 real evidence
示意证据 demonstrative evidence 视听证据 audio-visual evidence 收容所 collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官 chief justice 首席检察官chief procurator 受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family
受理 acceptance 受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人 the addressee
书记员 court clerk 书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules 书证documentary evidence
司法部 Ministry of Justice 司法机关judicial organizatons 司法警察 judicial police 司法局 judicial bureau
司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 司法协助 judicial assistance 死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence 死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence
送达 service of process 送达传票service of summons/subpoena 送达诉状service of bill of complaint 搜查 search
诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit 诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit 诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
诉讼保全 attachment 诉讼参加人
litigious participants 诉讼代理人 agent ad litem
诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim 特别程序 special procedures 提起公诉 institute a public prosecution
铁路法院 railway court 铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate 庭审程序procedure of court trial
通缉 wanted for arrest 投案 appearance 退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辩护 entrusted defense 未成年人法庭 juvenile court 无行政职务的法官associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”
物证 material evidence 先予执行申请书application for advanced execution 先予执行 advanced execution
刑事案件 criminal case 刑事拘留
criminal detention 刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal 刑事诉讼criminal proceedings 刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint 行政案件 administrative case 行政审判庭 administrative tribunal
行政诉讼 administrative proceedings 行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death
宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement 选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters
询问证人 inquire/question a witness 训诫 reprimand 讯问笔录 record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect 言词证据 verbal evidence 要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena
一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding 一审 trial of first instance 一审案件 case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action 有罪判决 sentence; finding of “guilty” 予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial
原告 plaintiff 院长 court president 阅卷笔录 record of file review (by lawyers) 再审案件 case of retrial
再审申请书 petition for retrial 责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance 债权人会议creditors’ meeting
侦查阶段 investigation stage 侦查终结conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据 evidence
证据保全 preserve evidence 证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation
证人证言 testimony of witness;
affidavit 支付令 payment order/warrant 知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal
执行程序 procedure execution 执行逮捕execution of arrest 执行和解 conciliation of execution
执行回转 recovery of execution 执行庭executive tribunal 执行异议 objection to execution 执行员 executor
执行中止 discontinuance of execution 执行终结 conclusion of execution 指定辩护appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator 中级人民法院 intermediate People’s Court
中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission 仲裁 arbitration 仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant
仲裁裁决 award 仲裁申请书 arbitration 仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff 仲裁庭arbitration tribunal
仲裁委员会 arbitration committee 仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员 arbitrator
主诉检察官 principal procurator 助理检察官 assistant procurator 助理审判员assistant judge
专门法院 special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction 专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility 自首 confession to justice 自诉案件 private-prosecuting case
自行辩护 self-defense 自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence
自侦案件 self-investigating case 最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate 最后裁决书 final award
三、民事法律
法律渊源 source of law
制定法 statute
判例法 case law; precedent
普通法 common law
特别法 special law
固有法 native law; indigenous law
继受法 adopted law
实体法 substantial law
程序法 procedural law
原则法 fundamental law
例外法 exception law
司法解释 judicial interpretation
习惯法 customary law
公序良俗 public order and moral
自然法 natural law
罗马法 Roman Law
私法 private law
公法 public law
市民法 jus civile
万民法 jus gentium
民法法系 civil law system
英美法系 system of Anglo-American law
大陆法系 civil law system
普通法 common law
大陆法 continental law
罗马法系 Roman law system
英吉利法 English law
衡平法 equity; law of equity
日尔曼法 Germantic law
教会法 ecclesiastical law
寺院法 canon law
伊斯兰法 Islamic law
民法法律规范 norm of civil law
授权规范 authorization norm
禁止规范 forbidding norm
义务性规范 obligatory norm
命令性规范 commanding norm
民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law
平等原则 principle of equality
自愿原则 principle of free will
公平原则 principle of justice
等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange
诚实信用原则 principle of good faith
行为 act
作为 act
不作为 omission
合法行为 lawful act
违法行为 unlawful act
民事权利权利能力 civil right
绝对权 absolute right
相对权 relative right
优先权 right of priority
先买权 preemption
原权 antecedent right
救济权 right of relief
支配权 right of dominion
请求权 right of claim
物上请求权 right of claim for real thing
形成权 right of formation
撤销权 right of claiming cancellation
否认权 right of claiming cancellation
解除权 right of renouncement
代位权 subrogated right
选择权 right of choice
承认权 right of admission
终止权 right of termination
抗辩权 right of defense
一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense
永久性抗辩权 permanent
counter-argument right
不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right
同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance
既得权 tested right
期待权 expectant right
专属权 exclusive right
非专属权 non-exclusive right
人身权利 personal right
人权 human right
人格权 right of personality
生命健康权 right of life and health
姓名权 right of name
名称权 right of name
肖像权 right of portraiture
自由权 right of freedom
名誉权 right reputation
隐私权 right of privacy
私生活秘密权 right of privacy
贞操权 virginity right
身份权 right of status
亲权 parental power; parental right
亲属权 right of relative
探视权 visitation right
配偶权 right of spouse
荣誉权 right of honor
权利的保护 protection of right
公力救济 public protection
私力救济 self-protection
权利本位 standard of right
社会本位 standard of society
无责任行为 irresponsible right
正当防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence
防卫行为 act of defence
自为行为 self-conducting act
紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity
自助行为 act of self-help
不可抗力 force majeure
意外事件 accident
行为能力 capacity for act
意思能力 capacity of will
民事行为 civil act
意思表示 declaration of intention
意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus
完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act
限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act
准禁治产人 quasi-interdicted person
保佐 protection
自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity
无行为能力 incapacity for act
禁治产人 interdicted person
自然人 natural person
公民 citizen
住所 domicile
居所 residence
经常居住地 frequently dwelling place
户籍 census register
监护 guardianship
个体工商户 individual business
农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household
合伙 partnership
合伙人 partner
合伙协议 partnership agreement
合伙财产 property of partnership
合伙债务 debt of partnership
入伙 join partnership
退伙 withdrawal from partnership
合伙企业 partnership business establishment
个人合伙 partnership
法人合伙 partnership of legal person
特别合伙 special partnership
普通合伙 general partnership
有限合伙 limited partnership
民事合伙 civil partnership
隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership
私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship
法人 legal person
企业法人 legal body of enterprise
企业集团 group of enterprise
关联企业 affiliate enterprise
个人独资企业 individual business establishment
国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise
中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
社团法人 legal body of mass organization
财团法人 legal body of financial group
联营 joint venture
法人型联营 association of legal persons
合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership
协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management
合作社 cooperative
民事法律行为 civil legal act
单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act
双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act
多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act
有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration
无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award
实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act
诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act
要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act
不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act
要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act
不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act
主民事法律行为 principal civil legal act
从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act
附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act
附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term
生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death
死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death
准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act
无效行为 ineffective act
可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act
违法行为 illegal act; unlawful act
侵权行为 tort
欺诈 fraud
胁迫 duress
乘人之危taking advantage of others’ precarious position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention
恶意串通 malicious collaboration
重大误解 gross misunderstanding
显失公平 obvious unjust
误传 misrepresentation
代理 agency
本人 principal
被代理人 principal
受托人 trustee
代理人 agent
本代理人 original agent
法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent
委托代理人 agent by mandate
指定代理人 designated agent
复代理人 subagent
再代理人 subagent
转代理人 subagent
代理权 right of agency
授权行为 act of authorization
授权委托书 power of attorney
代理行为 act of agency
委托代理 agency by mandate
本代理 original agency
复代理 subagency
次代理 subagency
有权代理 authorized agency
表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency
律师代理 agency by lawyer
普通代理 general agency
全权代理 general agency
全权代理委托书 general power of attorney
共同代理 joint agency
独家代理 sole agency
居间 brokerage
居间人 broker
行纪 commission; broker house
信托 trust
时效 time limit; prescription; limitation
时效中止 suspension of
prescription/limitation
时效中断 interruption of
limitation/prescription
时效延长 extension of limitation
取得时效 acquisitive prescription
时效终止 lapse of time; termination of prescription
期日 date
期间 term
涉外民事关系 civil relations with foreign elements
冲突规范 rule of conflict
准据法 applicable law; governing law
反致 renvoi; remission
转致 transmission
识别 identification
公共秩序保留 reserve of public order
法律规避 evasion of law
国籍 nationality
国有化 nationalization
法律责任 legal liability
民事责任 civil
liability/responsibility
行政责任 administrative
liability/responsibility
刑事责任 criminal
liability/responsibility
违约责任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default
有限责任 limited liability
无限责任 unlimited liability
按份责任 shared/several liability
连带责任 joint and several liability
过失责任 liability for negligence; negligent liability
过错责任 fault liability; liability for fault
单独过错 sole fault
共同过错 joint fault
混合过错 mixed fault
被害人过错victim’s fault
第三人过错third party’s fault
推定过错 presumptive fault
恶意 bad faith; malice
故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness
过失 negligence
重大过失 gross negligence
疏忽大意的过失 careless and inadvertent negligence
过于自信的过失 negligence with undue assumption
损害事实 facts of damage
有形损失 tangible damage/loss
无形损失 intangible damage/loss
财产损失 property damage/loss
人身损失 personal damage/loss
精神损失 spiritual damage/loss
民事责任承担方式 methods of bearing civil liability
停止侵害 cease the infringing act
排除妨碍 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle
消除危险 elimination of danger
返还财产 restitution of property
恢复原状 restitution; restitution of original state
赔偿损失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss
支付违约金 payment of liquidated damage
消除影响 eliminate ill effects
恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s
reputation
赔礼道歉 extend a formal apology
物权 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right
物权制度 real right system; right in rem system
一物一权原则 the principal of One thing, One Right
物权法定主义 principal of legality of right in rem
物权公示原则 principal of public summons of right in rem
物权法 jus rerem
物 property
生产资料 raw material for production
生活资料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence
流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce
限制流通物 limited merchantable thing
禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce
资产 asset
固定资产 fixed asset
流动资产 current asset; floating asset
动产 movables; chattel
不动产 immovable; real estate
特定物 res certae; a certain thing
种类物 genus; indefinite thing
可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things
不可分物 res indivisibiles;
indivisible things
主物 res capitalis; a principal thing
从物 res accessoria; an accessory thing
原物 original thing
孳息 fruits
天然孳息 natural fruits
法定孳息 legal fruits
无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods
遗失物 lost property
漂流物 drifting object
埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property
货币 currency
证券 securities
债券 bond
物权分类 classification of right in rem/real right
自物权 jus in re propria; right of full ownership
所有权 dominium; ownership; title
所有权凭证 document of title; title of ownership
占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership
使用权 right of use; right to use of
收益权 right to earnings; right to yields
处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi
善意占有 possession in good faith
恶意占有 malicious possession
按份共有 several possession
共同共有 joint possession
他物权 jus in re aliena
用益物权 real right for usufruct
使用权 right to use; right of use
土地使用权 right to the use of land
林权 forest ownership
采矿权 mining ownership
经营权 managerial authority; power of management
承包经营权 right to contracted management
相邻权 neighboring right; relatedright
地上权 superficies
永佃权 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract
地役权 servitude; easement
人役权 servitus personarum; personal servitude
担保物权 real right for security
物的担保 security for thing
物的瑕疵担保 warranty against defect of a thing
抵押权 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage
抵押权的设定 creation of right to mortgage
抵押人 mortgagor
抵押权人 mortgagee
抵押标的物 collateral; estate under mortgage
抵押权的效力 deffect of right to mortgage
抵押权的次序 sequence of right to mortgage
抵押权的抛弃 abandonment of right to mortgage
抵押权的让与 alienation of right to mortgage
抵押权的实现 materialization of right to mortgage
抵押权的消灭 extinction of right to
mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage
抵押物登记 registration of estate under mortgage
抵押优先权 priority of mortgage
留置权 lien
一般留置权 general lien
特别留置权 special lien
质权 hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge
佃权 tenant right
债权 jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right
债权人 creditor
债务人 debtor
相对人 counterpart; offeree
给付 give; pay
债务 debt; liability; obligation
债务的偿还 payment of debt
债务的偿清 discharge of debt
债务的担保 guarantee of debt
债务的合并 consolidation of debt
债务的给付日期 debt maturity
债务的免除 exemption of debt
债的分类 obligatio; obligation
法定之债 legal obligation
任意之债 voluntary obligation
简单之债 simple obligation
选择之债 alternative obligation
主债 prime/principal obligation
从债 accessory obligation
单一之债 single obligation
按份之债 several obligation
连带之债 joint obligation
特定之债 certain obligation
种类之债 indefinite obligation
合同之债 contractual obligation
侵权行为之债 tort obligation
损害赔偿之债 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages
人身损害 damage to person
精神损害 moral/mental/spiritual damage
医药费 hospital treatment expense
医疗费 medical charge
抚恤金 pension
慰问金 consolation money
产品瑕疵 defect of product
不当得利 unjust enrichment
无因管理 voluntary service
债的担保 guarantee of obligation
财产担保 property guarantee
信用担保 credit guarantee
让与担保 alienation guarantee
保证 guaranty
明示保证 express guaranty
默示保证 implied guaranty
保证人 guarantor
保证合同 contract of
guaranty/suretyship
保证金 guaranty bond; security deposit
押金 deposit; foregift
预付款 advanced payment
定金 earnest money; deposit
违约金 liquidated damages
法定违约金 liquidated damages by law
约定违约金 liquidated damages by agreement
债的履行 performance of obligation
实际履行原则 doctrine of specific performance
情事变更原则 doctrine of change of circumstances
不当履行 misfeasance
清偿 discharge; satisfaction
提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority
抵销 setoff
知识产权 intellectual property
知识产权国际保护 international protection of intellectual property
国民待遇原则 doctrine of national treatment
优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine
自动保护原则 doctrine of automatic protection
特许权使用费 royalties
智力成果 intellectual property
著作权 copyright
版权 copyright
著作权人 copyright owner
创作 creation
作品 opus; product; work
著作人格权 right of personality of copyright
发表权 right of publication
署名权 right of authorship; right of paternity
修改权 right of modification; right of revision
完整性保持权 right to maintain integrity
不可侵犯权 inviolability
收回权 right of recall; right of retrieval
自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense
著作财产权 property right in work
使用收益分享权 right to share usufruct
利用权 right to make use of
获得报酬权 right to get payment
重播权 right of rebroadcasting
录制权 right of fixation
机械复制权 right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction
著作邻接权 neighboring right of copyright
剽窃 plagiary; plagiarism
盗版 pirate
盗版VCD pirated VCD
伪造 forge
工业产权 industrial property
专利权 patent right
优先权日 priority date
申请在先原则 prior application rule
使用在先 priority of use
新颖性 novelty
创造性 creativity
实用性 practicability
发明创造 invention and creation
实用新型 utility model
外观设计 design; industrial design
发明权 right of invention
发现权 right of discovery
专利申请 patent application
专利异议 objection to a patent
专利公告 patent gazette
专利续展费 renewal fee of patent
专利许可协议 patent licensing agreement
技术诀窍 know-how
专有技术 know-how
专利证书 certificate of patent
专利事务所 patent office
专利代理 patent agency
中华人民共和国专利局 Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China
商标权 trademark right
商标国际注册 international registration of trademark
商品商标 commodity trademark
服务商标 service trademark
驰名商标 reputed trademark
广告商标 advertisement trademark
近似商标 similar trademark
商标评审委员会 trade review and appraisal board
商标审查 trademark examination
商标侵权 trademark infringement
商标注册 registered trademark
商标公告 trademark gazette
注册商标使用许可 licensing of registered trademark
注册商标转让 assignment of registered trademark
商标使用许可协议 trademark licensing agreement
商标事务所 trademark office
商标代理 trademark agency
婚姻、家庭、继承、收养 marriage, family, inheritance, adoption
婚姻法 marital law; marriage law
包办婚姻 arranged marriage
财产分割 partition; dismemberment of property
重婚 bigamy
独生子女 only child
法律婚 legal marriage
非婚生子女 illegitimate child
夫妻共同财产 community property
夫妻关系 conjugal relationship
夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board
复婚 resumption of marriage
感情破裂 incompatibility
婚后财产公证 notarization of postnuptial properties
婚姻登记 marriage registration
婚生子女 ligitimate child
计划生育 birth control
结婚 marry
离婚 divorce
买卖婚姻 mercenary marriage
拟制血亲 blood relations in fiction of law
旁系血亲 collateral relation blood relation
涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements
配偶 spouse
事实婚 de facto marriage
诉讼离婚 divorce by litigation
探视权 visitation right
同居 cohabitation
晚婚 late marriage
无效婚姻 void marriage
协议离婚 divorce by agreement
一夫一妻制 monogamy
早婚 early marriage
直系血亲 lineal descent
自然血亲 natural blood relation
收养法 adoption law
收养协议 adoption agreement
收养人 adoptive parent
送养人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption
涉外收养 adoption with foreign elements
继承法 inheritance law; law of succession
法定继承 legal seccession
遗嘱继承 intestate succession
遗赠继承 succession by devise
自然继承 natural succession
代位继承 representation; succession by subrogation
世袭继承 hereditary succession
一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee ?p??li: 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定） 裁决书award（用于仲裁） 裁决书verdict（用于陪审团） 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会law society 法学课程legal courses 法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws) 法学系faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school 法院公告court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer 各类协议和合同agreements and contracts 公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade 国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer 合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer 监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision
法律英语高频词汇 发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial 发货人 consignor， shipper 发生法律效力 be legally effective 发现 discovery 发行审核委员会 the Issuance Examination Commission 发展规划 development plan 罚款 Fin 法案 bill 法定部门 statutory machinery 法定代表律师 Official Solicitor 法定代表人 legal representative 法定代理人 legal agent 法定继承 legal inheritance 法定继承人 legal heir 法定监护人 legal guardian 法定期限 time limit provided by law 法定义务 legal duty 法定语言 legal language 法定主管当局 statuory authority
法官法 judges law 法官考评委员会 committee for the examination and appraisal of judges 法规 laws and regulations 法纪 Law and Discipline 法纪监督 supervision over legal discipline 法理背景 jurisprudential background 法理背景 jurisprudential base 法理学 jurisprudence 法令 decree 法律程序文件 written process 法律冲突 conflict of laws 法律服务所 Legal Service Office 法律概念 legal concept 法律顾问处 Legal Consultant Office 法律后果 legal effect 法律解释权 power of law interpretation 法律面前人人平等 equality before the law 合法的 legitimate 法律上的财产处分 legal disposition of property
一、律师部分 案件受理费 court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case 案由 cause of action 案子 case 包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人 respondent; defendant 本地律师 local counsel 毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词 defense; pleadings 辩护律师 defense lawyer 辩护要点 point of defense 辩护意见 submission 财产租赁 property tenancy 裁定书 order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定） 裁决书 award（用于仲裁） 裁决书 verdict（用于陪审团） 采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条 source legal provisions 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip
出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena 答辩状 answer; reply 代理词 representation 代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration 代写文书 drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述 statement of the parties 第三人 third party 吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation 调解书 mediation 二审案件 case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件 send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书 legal opinions
法律英语词汇大全完美 版 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 行为 act 作为 ac 不作为 omission 合法行为 lawful act 违法行为 unlawful act 民事权利权利能力 civil right 绝对权 absolute right 相对权 relative right 优先权 right of priority 先买权 preemption 原权 antecedent right 救济权 right of relief 支配权 right of dominion 请求权 right of claim 物上请求权 right of claim for real thing 形成权 right of formation 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation
法律英语实用单词讲解 accord释义：accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 acquire释义：acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger 的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 act释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear 相对应。如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from action释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，在法律英语中则理解为诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 adopt释义：adopt的最常见含义是采用，通过，如adopt a law通过一项法律，adopt a proposal 采纳一个建议等，这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外，adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养，如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 admission释义：admission是admit的名词，在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中，则通常是法律程序中的一个用语，意思是采纳，采信（证据），如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 affect释义：affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一，意思是影响，通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语，affect（本义没有改变，仍然是影响），确实非常正式的用法，通常不能用influence 等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same．任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款，并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。 affiliate释义：affiliate是法律英语的常见单词之一，意思是关联方，关联公司，也可以associate或connected person表示。如“Affiliate” means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party，including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party.“关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制，或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。 agent释义：agent也是法律英语中常见单词之一，意思是代理人，代理商，通常指商业代理，如果指非商业性质的代理，如替别人出席会议等，则可用proxy。 例句：Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of any of its provisions is intended or shall be construed to constitute either party an agent, 1egal representative, subsidiary，joint venturer，partner，employer，or employee of the other for any purpose whatsoever． 参考译文：本协议的任何内容或本协议任何条款的履行，无意表示、亦不应被理解为任何一方为任何目的可以充当另一方的代理人、法定代表、子公司、合营方、合作伙伴、雇主或雇员。
法律翻译常用词汇注释（D）D Damages damages在法律英语中表示损害赔偿金，要注意用的是复数形式，如果用单数，则表示损害。如incidental damages 附带损害consequential damages 间接损害claim damages for the breach of contract．因违约要损害赔偿金等。 Debenture debenture的意思是债券，通常指的是无担保债券。如bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture 不记名债券coupon bank debenture 附息票金融债券customs debenture 海关退税凭单等。 Declaration declaration在法律英语中常用作申报，如customs declaration 报关，export declaration出口申报，income tax declaration个税申报等。 Decree 法庭判令。法庭聆讯后所作出的判令，可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi”和永久性判令“decree absolute”，常见于离婚呈请的程序。一般而言，法庭颁出decree nisi后，在指定的期限过后，除非收到反对，否则都会颁出永久判令。 Deed
契约。是一种特别的合约，须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效，契约上的盖章在法律上被视为一种有效的约因。 Defamation 诽谤。非法破坏他人名誉的行为，口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的理据或者刑事罪行。 Defence 抗辩。刑事或民事案件中的被告，否认有关的指控或申索，同时提出反对的支持事实。 Delegate delegate在法律英语中的意思是转让，通常指义务的转让，如：In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”), the consent of the creditors shall be obtained for the delegation of obligations to become effective.根据中华人民共和国（以下称“中国”）法律，义务的转让须取得债权人的同意方可生效。 Dependant 受养人。是指某人的某些家庭成员，需要依靠这个人提供的经济来支持生活，如果这个人因意外死亡，他的受养人因而遭受损失，是有权追究责任，要求赔偿有关的损失。 Discharge
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全 一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
按照法律规定according to law 按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit 按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt 案例教学法case system 案例汇编case book; case report; law report 柏拉图Plato 被视为be deemed as 被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal 比较法comparative law 比较法学comparative jurisprudence 比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史comparative legal history 比较分析法method of comparative analysis 比较刑法comparative penal law 比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence 必然因果关系positive causal relationship 边缘法学borderline jurisprudence 变通办法adaptation; accommodation 补充规定supplementary provision 补救办法remedial measures 不成文法unwritten law 不成文宪法unwritten constitution
一、 action 诉讼 to bring an action/lawsuit against sb. 向某人提起诉讼，到法院告某人 defendant 被告 appellant 上诉人 appellee 被上诉人 cause of action 案由 transaction 交易 to join sb. as plaintiff/defendant 与某人共同起诉、把某人作为第三人被告合并起诉to make a complete determination of a controversy彻底解决争端 to be liable 负有责任 to rest on 依靠，依赖 adversary 敌手，对手；敌对的 adversary system 抗辩制 advocate 用户，提倡；拥护者，辩护者 produce 拿出，出示 evidence 证据 inquisitorial 纠问的 civil law tradition 大陆法传统 presentation 介绍，陈述 intervene 干涉，介入 safeguard 预防措施，保证条款；保护 prevalence 流行，盛行 manifold 多种多样的 contest 比赛 interested 有利害关系的 resolution 解决 to bear the burden of 承担 to reduce... to 把.....降为，把......归纳为 unbiased 无偏见的 satisfy 满足，符合 critic 批评者 merit 事实真相，是非曲直 phase 阶段 reside 属于，归于 affirmative 肯定的，积极的 join 合并 to be liable to sb. for sth. 因某事对某人负有责任 to rest on 依靠 to reside in/with 属于 二、 allege 声称 allegation 声称
法律英语专业词汇大全 一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人respondent; defendant 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条source legal provisions 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问
法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 Ξ 李 丽 (三峡大学外国语学院教师 香港中文大学翻译系博士生 香港沙田) 摘 要 法律文件的英汉翻译在中国发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文从四个方面归纳法律英语词汇的特点,即专业性、正式性、客观性及准确性,并进一步探讨具体的法律词汇翻译的方法和对策。关键词 法律翻译 法律词汇特点 翻译方法 翻译策略 Abstract Translation of legal documents is now playing an ever -increasing role in China.This paper first surveys four primary characteristics of legal vocabulary ,namely ,professionalism ,formalism ,objectivity and exactitude ,followed by a presentation and discussion of s pecific strategies and methods of translating legal vo 2cabulary between English and Chinese. K ey Words Legal translation characteristics of legal vocabulary translation methods translation strate 2gies 随着中国加入WTO ,世界经济一体化,中国与世界的交往和联系越来越多。法律文件的翻译将会在社会生活中扮演很重要的角色。要做好法律文件的英汉翻译,我们必须了解法律英语的一些特点。所谓法律英语,“是指法律界通用的书面英语(包括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判定和裁定等),尤其是指律师起草法律文件(合同、章程、协议、契约等)惯常使用的语 言。”[1] 法律英语在词汇、句式等方面都有它自己的特点。本文尝试归纳出法律英语在词汇方面的四大特点,并进而探讨一些具体的翻译方法和策略。1 专业性 “法律语言部分地是由具有特定法律意义的词组成,部分地是由日常用语组成。具有特定法律意义的词,在日常用语中即使有也很少 使用,如预谋、过失、非法侵害等。”[2] 除了具有特定法律意义的词之外,很多在日常生活中普遍应用的词汇,一旦到了法律文本中,便具有了区别于日常意义的法律意义。这也就是我们常 说的法律词汇的“专业性”。下表列举部分英语单词的普通意义和法律意义: 英语单词 日常意义法律意义adverse 相反的非法的battery 电池伤害、人身攻击condemn 谴责判刑、定罪declaration 声明、宣言申诉书exhibit 展出物证hear 听见听审immunity 免疫力豁免权leave 离开休庭proceed 进行起诉report 报告揭发sentence 句子判决undo 解开勾引、诱奸vacation 假期休庭期warrant 保证拘捕令 除了这些普通词汇所具有的专业意义之外,法律英语中还保留了一些外来词和旧体词,这也是法律词汇专业性的一个体现和标记。 外来词:现代法律词汇中保留一些来自拉文的词汇,如: ad hoc 专门地bona fide 真诚地 de facto 事实上的inter alia 除了别的因素以外in re 关于 mutatis mutandis 已作了必要的修订pari passu 按相同比例per se 自身pro bono 为了公益pro rata 按比例 第18卷3期2005年8月 中国科技翻译CHIN ESE SCIENCE &TECHNOLO GY TRANSLATORS JOURNAL Vol.18.No.3 Aug.2005 收稿日期:2005—03—09/14
法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm 民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality 自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice 等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith 行为act 作为ac 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act 民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation
常用法律英语词汇 Ab initio 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal是名词。 Adjourn 休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审，称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Affidavit 誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit，而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation，两者的格式用词有些分别，但主要作用相同。 Allegation 声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言，例如：The Plaintiff alleged that his loss was due to the Defendant’s breach of contract，原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。Allegation是名词。Assault 殴打，侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为，称为Assault，一般性质的殴打，称为“Common Assault”；严重者称为Aggravated Assault；未经许可触摸他人身体，可以被控非礼，称为Indecent Assault。As is 现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中，指物业的现状。“The prop erty is and will be sold on an “as is” basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。 Bail 保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告，可以暂时被释放。保释可以是有条件的，也可以是无条件的。保释的条件包括缴交指定金额的保释金、提供人事担保及定时向警署报到等。 Balance of Probabilities 可能性较高者这是民事案件中举证的标准，法庭对原告和被告所提出的证据，认为那一方的可信性较高，便会判处该方胜诉。相对刑事案而言，民事案中败诉的后果一般都只是经济利益，所以法庭对举证的要求，相对也较刑事案为低。 Beyond reasonable doubt无合理疑点这是刑事案件中举证的标准，控方向法庭提出的证据，必须是在合理的情况下并无疑点，法庭才会判处被告有罪。刑事罪的后果对被告而言，较为严重，举证标准的要求也因此而较民事案严格，如果法庭认为证据有任何疑点，都会将疑点的利益“benefit of doubt”归于被告。 Binding 有约束力的“binding”通常的解释是连结一起，但法律上则多用作有约束力的，例如：This provisional agreement is a binding contract。这份临时协议是有法律约束力的。 Body Corporation
t h e i e 法律英语 法律渊源 source of law 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange