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可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词；引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。
定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词（先行词）之后。
例1：The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。
在这句话中，who is reading a story book.是定语从句。
它修饰、限定the boy，the boy是先行词，引导定语从句的who是引导词。
二、定语从句的分类：定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，与先行词的关系非常密切，翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面；如果去掉，则整个句子的意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。
2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用，译为汉语时常不译作定语，而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切，只是对先行词作附加说明，既使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。
非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开，如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。
Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天，吉米动身到加拿大去了，他曾在那儿呆了两年。
三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词，它一方面连接先行词和定语从句；别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份，引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译，一般情况下应译为“……的”。
定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．一What kind of movies do you like？一I prefer movies give me something to think about.A．that B．what C．where【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。
A. that：指人或物，做主语或宾语；B. what什么，不能引导定语从句，排除；C. where哪里，先行词是表示地点的。
本题的先行词是movies，指物，因此用that 来引导。
故选A。
2．The “Share-go”cars ________ use electricity not only look cute but also are environmentally-friendly.A．which B．who C．what【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：使用电力的“共享”汽车不仅看起来可爱，而且环保。
考查定语从句。
which关系代词，指代先行词是物的词；who关系代词，指代先行词是人的词；what不能引导定语从句。
根据题意可知，空格上填的是一个关系代词，指代的是前面的cars（指物），故使用关系代词which来引导。
故选A。
3．Tony and Jack are talking about a video ______ is very popular on Douyin. A．what B．who C．which【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：托尼和杰克正在谈论抖音上很流行的一个视频。
考查定语从句。
what不是关系词，不可引导定语从句，可排除；who用于先行词是人时；which用于先行词是物时。
分析句子可知，先行词video属物，关系词需用which。
故选C。
4．Jia Ling ________ is the director of the film Hi Mom made the touching movie based on her real-life story.A．who B．which C．whose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：贾玲是电影《你好李焕英》的导演，她根据自己的真实故事制作了这部感人的电影。
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．I'd like to tell you something about the traffic rules ________you will find useful when traveling to England.A．what B．which C．who D．how【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我想要告诉你一些关于交通规则的事情，你会发现在英国旅行的时候这些规则会很有用。
考查定语从句。
what什么；which指代物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；who 指代人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；how关系副词，怎样。
先行词是something about the traffic rules，表达的是物，在定语从句中做you will find的宾语，此处用关系代词which。
故选B。
2．A true friend is a person________reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．what C．which【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：真正的朋友是向你伸出手，触动你心灵的人。
考查定语从句的引导词，who用于指人，用作主语；what不是关系词,所以它不能引导定语从句；which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
本句的先行词为 a person，在从句中充当主语，指人，引导词用 who，可知答案。
故选A。
【点睛】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
what 不是关系词，所以它不能引导定语从句。
但值得注意的是：what 有时相当于“名词(先行词)+关系代词”。
关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。
一般who做主语或宾语whom作为宾语，whose作为定语（whom，whose不可省略）。
关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语（where）时间状语（when），原因状语（why）。
介词+关系代词的使用情况1. 用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which（指物）和whom（指人）。
在这种结构中，介词的选择非常关键，可以遵循以下四个原则：（1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词与介词搭配，构成动词短语。
例如：Is this the car for which you paid a high price? （pay for）这是你花大价钱买的车吗？In the dark street, there wasn’t a single perso n to whom she could turn for help. （turn to sb. for help）在黑暗的街上，她找不到一个人来帮助她。
The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. （shake hands with sb. ）刚才你和他握手的那个人是我们的英语老师。
（2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。
例如：The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. （be sure about）马克思没有把握的两件事是：语法和习惯用法。
The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr Wang, our English teacher. （be popular with）在我们班，深受学生欢迎的是王老师－－我们的英语老师。
（3）根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。
当“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when, where, why替换。
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．—Do you know the old man__________ wears glasses on TV?—Of course. He's Zhong Nanshan.A．who B．whom C．which D．/【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你认识那位电视上戴着眼镜的老人吗？——当然认识。
他是钟南山。
本题考查定语从句。
who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；当关系代词that在从句中作宾语时，可以省略that。
先行词是man，表示人，在定语从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选A。
2．I still remember the college and the teachers ______________ I visited in London years ago.A．which B．who C．that【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我仍然记得我几年前在伦敦参观过的学院和老师。
考查定语从句。
which哪一个，关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；who谁，关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中做主语；that关系代词，先行词指人或者物，在从句中做主语或宾语；根据句意理解可知，句中先行词是the college and the teachers，既包括人又包括物，所以这里应该用that，故选C。
【点睛】定语从句重点考查关系词的应用。
在定语从句中关系词用哪个，主要取决于先行词，先行词指人，关系词用who/ whom/ that，指人做主语用who/ that，做宾语用whom，先行词指物，关系词用which/ that，而有些情况只能用that，这些情况有：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既能表示人又表示物，本题就是先行词既指人有指物，所以用that。
定语从句1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in which2.Do you know the man _______?A. whom I spokeB. who spoke toC. I spoke toD. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _______they stayed at last month.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. at what4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. thatC. whenD. on which5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _______this year.A. that have been shownB. that has shownC. that has been shownD. that you have talked9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. that you talked withD. that you talked to10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whereB. itC. whichD. the house12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. about whomB. whoC. whomD. with whom13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A. who’sB. of whichC. of whomD. whose14.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who15.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who16.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatst summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. what18.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when19.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. because of whichD. for which20.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A. whoB. whichC.for whichD.what21.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of which22.My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it23.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from which24. Y ou can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose25. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though26. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?--- Y es, he told me all _______ he knew.A. what; thatB. what; whatC. which; whichD. that; that27. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A. when; whoB. that; whichC. which; thatD. when; which28 The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are29. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it30. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatC. through that; whatD. what; that31. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which32. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A. are beingB. has beenC. had beenD. have been14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. which15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what19.I don't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; thatB.that;whyC. for that;thatD.for which;what33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. that followed47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?A. this schoolB. this the schoolC. this school oneD. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which16.Y ou're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who初中英语定语从句练习题（四）参考答案及解析1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．I really like the family photo ________ we took on my grandpa’s 80th birthday. A．who B．that C．what D．whose【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢爷爷80岁生日时拍的全家福。
本题考查定语从句。
A. who 指代人；B. that既可以指人又可以指物；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. whose 指代某人/物的。
根据题干可知本句中的先行词是photo，指物，所以B选项that符合题意，故答案选B。
2．— Jim is so busy with his work on the computer now.— Yes, he is searching the information __________ he needs for his article. A．that B．whether C．what D．who【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——吉姆现在在电脑上忙着工作。
——是的，他正在搜索他文章所需的信息。
考查定语从句。
根据英语语法，whether和what不可以引导定语从句，B、C选项可排除。
根据句子结构，定语从句的先行词information指物，关系代词who 指人，D选项可排除，故选A。
【点睛】关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；关系代词who指人，在定语从句中做主语，作宾语时应用whom。
此处先行词information指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词that。
3．The research he had devoted himself ________ a perfect success.A．to proved B．proved C．to prove D．to proving【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：他致力于的研究证明是相当成功的。
（英语）初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、定语从句1．--Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? --The man _______ T-shirt is red.A．that B．who C．which D．whose【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点：考查连词辨析。
【详解】试题分析：句意：——李华，哪个是你的新邻居？——T恤是红色的那个男士。
男士的T 恤，表示所有关系，用关系词whose，故选D。
2．一Which song do you like better．Maria？一I prefer the song Manual of Youth ______ is sung by TFBOYS．A．who B．whom C．which D．/【答案】C【解析】【详解】C 考查定语从句的引导词。
句意：—Maria，你更喜欢哪首歌？—我喜欢TFBOYS唱的《青春修炼手册》。
分析句子结构，本句中的 is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物，且在定语从句中作逻辑主语，所以关系代词用which．故选C．【点睛】完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物，以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分．3．I think the film Amazing China is ________film __________I’ve ever seen.A．the most exciting;which B．more exciting;whichC．more exciting;that D．the most exciting;that【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意“我认为《厉害了我的国》是我看过的最令人振奋的电影”。
根据I’ve ever seen可知，第一空处用最高级，排除B和C；第二空处考查定语从句，先行词为film，且先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，用that，故选D。
高中英语语法讲解——定语从句(名师精讲必考语法知识点+实战训练，建议下载练习)一、先行词、关系代词和关系副词1．先行词(antecedent)就是被定语从句所修饰的名词。
在英语中，定语从句跟在被修饰词之后，所以被修饰词就是“先行”的词。
eg. The lovely girl often helps the old lady.She lives next door to our school.→The lovely girl who lives next door to our school often helps the old lady.→The lovely girl often helps the old lady who lives next door to our school.The lovely girl often helps the old lady.You met her at school yesterday.→The lovely girl (whom)you met at school yesterday often helps the old lady.→The lovely girl often helps the old lady (whom) you met at school yesterday.2．连接定语从句，要用关系代词(relative pronoun)和关系副词(relative adverb)。
关系代词和关系副词与连接词不完全相同，因为它们除了连接主句和定语从句，还在定语从句中代替一定的成分。
eg. The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.← The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday.I have visited the house where Andersen wrote The Emperor’s New Clothes.←I have visited the house. Andersen wrote The Emperor’s New C lothes in the house.二、关系代词1．who的先行词是“人”，在从句中代替主语。
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．—Have you seen the film “Aquaman（海王）” I introduced to you last weekend?—Yes, but it was a little hard for me to understand.A．what B．which C．who【答案】B【解析】【详解】——你看了我上周给你介绍的《海王》这部电影了吗？——是的，我看了，但是对于我来说有一点难理解。
考查定语从句。
空前是完整的句子结构；且根据答语Yes, but it was a little hard for me to understand.可知，it代指Aquaman（海王）；问句和答句都在讲海王，故空后的句子用来修饰 Aquaman（海王），所以是定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，可排除A项；which先行词是物，who先行词是人。
本句的先行词是film，可排除C项。
故选B。
2．Dingtalk is a tool _______ is mainly used for teachers and students to have online classes during the fight against the novel coronavirus.A．which B．who C．where D．/【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：钉钉是一个工具，主要用于教师和学生在抗击新型冠状病毒期间进行在线课程。
考查定语从句的关系代词。
which代指物，作主宾；who代指人，作主语；where哪里，关系副词；根据a tool是先行词，是物，在定语从句作主语，可推测出此处是“which”，故选A。
3．Mr. Lee is the only person ________ can help us with our math.A．who B．that C．which D．when【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：李先生是唯一能帮助我们学习数学的人。
* 定语从句
定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词
或主语的全部内容。通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。定语从句的三种功能： 1.连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句 2.指代功能：指代先行词 3.语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分 (定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种) that which who whom whose when where why
` ） 主语 宾语 ~ 定语 表语
指人 who < that whom that whose that … 指物 which that which that * whose that
注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
1. 关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略 ~ ① A plane is a machine which / that can fly . (作主语)
The dog which / that was lost has been found . (作主语) ② The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250,000 . Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you . 2. 关系代词在句中作宾语时可省略 ① The noodles that / which I cooked were delicious .（作宾语） This is the book that / which I want to read . The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father .
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语 法 关
系 词 指
代 ② The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary . Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from . Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to 3. 关系代词在从句中做定语 ① The novel whose cover was broken blongs to me . ② Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher . I know the person whose company produces computers . This is the person whose story surprised everybody . 4. 。
5. 关系代词在句中作表语时可省略（只能用that） She is not the girl that she was .
【定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择】 1. 明确关系代词，关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用 关系代词which , that , who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语 关系副词when , where, why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语，只缺时间、地点或原因状语 2. 分析句子结构，明确句法成分
? 关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果定语从句中谓
语动词是及物动词，应观察其后有无宾语。如果没宾语，则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关系代词which或that。如果句子中有宾语，就考虑关系副词when或where等
关系副词（when , where , why） 1. when在定语从句中做【时间状语】
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing . We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm . He came at a time when (at which ) we needed help . 2. where在定语从句中做【地点状语】
￥ This is the house where we lived last year .
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city . After living in Pairs for fifty years , he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child . 3. why在定语从句中做【原因状语】 There are several reasons why we can’t do that . He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school . Is this the reason why ( for which ) he refused our offer The reason why ( for which ) she was ill is that she had eaten bad meat . ， 4. 比较
I’ll never forget the days that / which I spent with my teacher . I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you . It is the house that / which was built two years ago . It is the house where / in which I was born . The reason which / that he gave was an excuse . The reason why he was late was the rain . Do you know the reason why he didn’t turn up
【 只能用that的定语从句 1. 先行词为不定代词【all everying nothing anything little much none】时或被这些词修饰时 ，关系代词只用that All that can be done has been done . 2. 当先行词被【形容词的最高级】修饰时，只用that This is the most beautiful park that I have visited . The Titanic is the most dangerous film that I’ve ever seen . The best one that I’ll choose will be you .
— 3. 当先行词被序数词【the first , the second , the last】等修饰时，只用that
The first lesson that we have learned will never be easily forgotten . This is the last class that we will have this term . 4. 当先行词被【the only , the very , the last】修饰时，只用that ( some ，any ，few ，much ，no ，very ，only ) The only student that may be elected is in our class . I have no question that will be asked . There was little that interested him at the meeting .
~ This is the very book that I am looking for .
5. 当先行词既指【人】又指【物】时
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember . The characters and the animals that are in the picture are very native . The train ran over a boy and his dog that were just crossing the railroad . 6. 当主语是以【who或which开头的疑问句】时，为避免重复而用that Who is the girl that is standing there Who is the boy that shook hands with you just now
； Which is the hotel that you stayed at last month
7. 当way做先行词时，关系代词可以有三种形式 ①that ②in which ③× I don’t like the way that / in which / × you speak to your mother like that . 8. 先行词在句中作【表语】
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be . 定语从句练习1： 1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father -Yes，he’s our headmaster.
- A. he B. who C. which D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it
