语法填空答题规律
一、命题揭秘
语法填空
本文讲叙Jane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的，买回来后却被告知父亲戒烟了。
Jane was walking round the department store. Sheremembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for herfather. She wished that he was as easy 32 (please) as her mother, who wasalways delighted with perfume.
31. it。在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to choose…。
32. to please。在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，且用主动形式表示被动含义。
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 33pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 34 (push) you with theirelbows (肘部), 34' (hurry) ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter 35 some attractiveties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 36(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
33. a。表示“一次”愉快的经历。
34. pushed。与stepped并列，也用一般过去时。
35. where。因两句之间没有连词，必定是填连接性词语；后句是定语从句，要填的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
36. choice。在形容词性物主代词后一定是用名词形式。
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes 37 sale. She did not hesitate for long:although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this wasa present which was bound to please 38 .
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosenpresent in her bag, her parents were already 39 table having supper. Her motherwas excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 40(inform).
37. on。因表示“出售”的on sale是固定搭配。
38. him。给父亲买礼物，根据常识应是使父亲高兴，代替“父亲”，作宾语用人称代词宾格。please him 使他高兴。
39. at。名词(table)在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾语；由having supper可知，填at；因为at table表示“在餐桌边，在进餐”，也是习惯搭配。
40. was informed。因Jane与inform是被动关系，又是一般过去时,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
2008年语法填空
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widelyused in Chinese people’s daily life. 31 these proverbs there are ofteninteresting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) itgrow”, is based on the following story.
31. Behind。指“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在……之后”，用介词behind。
32. to help。因“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拔高”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式。
It is said that a short-tempered man in the SongDynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. Hewas thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower thanhe expected.
One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck upall of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.
33. his。由his crop, the crop可知，此处填限定词；这个急性子人当然是急于使他自己的禾苗长得快，故填his。
34. it/this。代替前文中的(how) to help his crop growup quickly。
35. that。引导同位语从句，说明idea的具体内容，名词性从句的结构和意义已非常完整，故用that引导。
He was very tired 36 doing this for a whole day, 37 hefelt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high).
His son heard about this and went to see the crop.Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.
36. after /from。因“他感到很累”应是“在他做了一整天事之后”，表示“在……之后”，动名词前面用介词after；另外be tired from doing(因做某事而累)是固定搭配，故也可填from。
37. but。因very happy与前面的very tired是转折关系，而这两句之间是逗号且没有连词，故填连词but。
38. higher。指比他pluck up a few inches之前“长”得更高了，这是省略了than before的隐性的比较级。
This proverb is saying we have to let things go intheir 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40(result) in the contrary to our intention.
39. natural。在名词course前作定语，要用形容词。
40. results。此句Being too anxious to help anevent develop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词，应当考虑的是它的时态；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应当用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填results。
2012年语法填空
Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him. Hesuddenly appeared in class one day, __16_( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in asif he __17___( buy ) the school , And the word quickly got around that he wasfrom New York City .
16. wearing 17. had bought
For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __18 _ (please ), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quicklyrealized that it wa sn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in__19___last row.
18. pleased 19. the
_ 20__ he thought he could escape attention by sittingat the back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little __21__( hard ) foreverybody because it meant they ha d to turn around ,but that didn’t stop thekids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had tolook at Mary,_22_made her feel like a star .
20. If 21. harder 22.which
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” theteacher asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then I’d appreciate it if youdidn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking toyou.” The new boy looked at the teacher __23__ a few seconds and all the otherstudents wondered __24__ the boy would do .Then he took __25_ off, gave a bigsmile and said “That is cool."
23.for 24.what 25.them
16. wearing 17. had bought 18.pleased 19. the 20. If
21. harder 22.which 23.for 24.what 25.them
2013年高考惠州第三次调研测试题
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。
While many young people were enjoying the final weeksof summer vacation, Zach Bonner was working his hardest. According to the St.Petersburg Times, Zach started walking from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, onChristmas, 2009, and stepped over the Los Angeles city line nine months laterin September, covering a total of 2,478 miles 16 _____ raising close to$120,000 for kids in need. Along the way, Zach attended school online, thanksto his mother, Laurie Bonner, and brother and sister 17 _____ alternated walkingand driving alongside him. Despite 18 _____ age, Zach has a long history ofhelping others. 19 _____ Hurricane Charley hit his hometown in 2004，Zach，then six, pulled a wagon through his neighborhood 20_______(collect)food for storm victims. Since then, he 21 _____ (raise) some $400,000 for histax-exempt Little Red Wagon Foundation, 22______ gives money to projects aiding23 _____ (home) and troubled children. In 2007，Zachbegan walking to support a children's charity in Florida, 24 _____ (finish) hisjourney 23 days later, 280 miles away in Tallahassee. Then 25 _____ the summerof 2009，he walked about 670 miles from Atlanta
toWashington, D.C., in just two months. What really keeps me going is 26 _____kids," Zach has said. "They don't get to say, ‘I'm tired of being homeless.' So why should I get to quit?"
16.______17. _______18. _______ 19. _______ 20._______
21. _______ 22. _______ 23. _______ 24. ______25._______
26. _______(赠送一个空，希望做对)
语法填空：
16.and 17.who 18.his 19.When 20. collecting
21.has raised 22.which 23.homeless 24.finishing 25.in26. these
考点设置
就命题形式而言，纯空格题设6—7个小题；用括号中所给词的适当形式填空设3—4个小题。
特别说明：
各类从句的“引导词”，如引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词、连词(whether, if, that)，引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，引导状语从句的从属连词，以及连接并列句的并列连词，都被称为“连接词”。
理由是：
1.从功能上讲，都有连接句子与句子的作用；
2.从这类试题的解题方法上看，判断的方式也是相同的。
我们就语法填空的复习重点和应关注的冷点，归纳提示如下：
(1)近三年来，“纯空格题”只考了冠词、介词、代词和连接词以及功能性结构副词等四类词；“用括号中所给词的适当形式填空”考了谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。
(2)介词、连接词、动词每年都有两道小题，由此可见，这是考查的重点，也是复习训练的重点。
(3)冠词：在三年中有两年都是考查不定冠词的最基本的用法，表示“一个(次/本…)”，这无疑是复习和训练的重点，但也要关注不定冠词的其他用法，同时注意定冠词的基本用法。
(4)代词：三年来主要考查了在句中作宾语的人称代词宾语、只能在名词前作定语的形容词性物主代词、it的用法和不定代词。备考中，除重点关注已考的热点外，也不要忽视反身代词和疑问代词。
(5)连接词：三年来考查了引导宾语从句的连接代词who、引导同位语从句的that、引导定语从句的关系副词where(三年考了两年)、表示转折的并列连词but，这些仍是复习的重点；备考中，要训练名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；状语从句、定语从句的连接词。
如何判断名词性从句？
规律：
可以从从句所处的位置判断是主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句还是表语从句。
注意：名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语或表语时常填 what; (whatever) ; who(whoever)
(6)动词：时态重点考查一般过去时和一般现在时，也要留意一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等各种时态。语态只考查了一般过去时的被动语态，一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态值得重视。
非谓语动词重复考的是不定式作状语，过去分词、动词-ing形式。
(7)词类转换：主要考查各类词在句中的最基本用法：作主语和宾语用名词，作定语、表语、补语用形容词，做状语要用副词。懂得了这些基本用法之后，就是要掌握构词法的基本知识，将其合理转换。
特别提醒：
(1)在纯空格题中，没有要求根据上下文填写名词、动词、拼写较长的形容词和副词。
其原因有二：一是根据语境推测出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词，这正好是完形填空要考查的内容，若在语法填空中考查，是越权，是多管闲事；二是“语法填空”顾名思义是考语法，而根据语境填这四类词同语法规则关系不大，与“语法填空”名不符实。
不过，less, more, most，much, few，fewer, fewest等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的，因为这涉及到语法——比较等级。so,therefore, however等词虽然也是副词但它们属于功能结构性副词。
(2)倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词(do, does, did)，以及强调结构中的it和that等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查，这主要是考查对由“it is ….that…” 引出的几种从句的的辨析能力；名词的数或所有格（至今未考过）也可能在“用括号中词语的正确形式填空”中进行考查，千万不可忽视。
答案特点
(1)纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词。历年高考题的答案印证了这一点。
(2)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的“正确形式”，不可以出现所给词以外的其它词。究竟由几个单词组成？没有规定，五年高考题的答案是填一个或两个单词。2009年有两个小题需要填两个单词，一个是不定式，一个是被动语态。
(3)要求填的词(即答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词，平均每词约4-6个字母。
(4)三年中有两年各有一小题所填词位于句首，此时第一个字母要注意大写。
特别提醒
尽管近五年高考中“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况。非谓语动词中，带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词。
二、解题揭秘
三个解题步骤
(1)通读全文，了解大意。步骤：概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查
既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，了解全文大意，这一步非常重要。
（2）分析思路
词法—句法—篇章—惯用法
(3)试填空格，后难先易。
读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语境(也就是上下文)，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体方法，请看以下“解题思路大全”。
(4)重读全文，解决难题。
在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。
（5）通读全文,理解大意；检查搭配, 前后连贯；根据篇章, 确定语义；分析句子,确定词性；
语法填空的答题过程归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。
解题思路大全
中文误导错常见，定势思维分要减。
插入成分要分清，句型信息更关键。
妙诀赠君记心间，是否有效靠多练。
题型分析过了关，百三百四只等闲。
四、具体分析方法
（一）纯空格题
1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。
[例1] I can send a message to Kenyawhenever I want to, and __38_ gets there almost in a second. (茂名一模)
解析：and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message 用代词it。
2、名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词his, their等形容词性物主代词，或some, any, other(s), another等限定词。
[例2] It is said that a short-temperedman in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious tohelp __33 rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考)
解析：名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his。
[例3] …the headof the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__35_small townsome 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考)
解析：因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定词；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。
3、名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。
[例4] The little boy pulled[33]________ right hand out of the pocket … （his）
[例5] … whoshoul d have the honour of receiving me 33 a guest in their house. (2007年广东高考)
解析：因a guest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作”，用介词as。
4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。
[例6] …twoworld-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 34 Candido Portinari, which are worthmillions of dollars.
解析：因与Pablo Picasso (毕加索)与Candido Portinari (坎迪多?波尔蒂纳里)这两个名词之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，应填and。
[例7] …all Isaw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me 36 almost instantlygave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模)
解析：因melted me和gave me两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，故填and。
5、若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词。
[例8] I wanted to see as much of thecity as possible in the two days 32 I was to return to Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模)
解析：因I wanted to…是一个句子，I w as toreturn…也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系，可知“参观这个城市的尽可能多的地方”应是在“返回广州”之前，故填before。
[例9] He was very tired after doingthis for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy… (2008年广东高考)
解析：因He was very tired…是一个句子，hefelt very happy…也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“干了一整天活累极了”与“感到非常高兴”是转折关系，故填but。
6、若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did 等)。
[例10 What is acceptable in one country31 be considered extremely rude in another. (珠三角五校联考)
解析：句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。
[例11] He had no time or energy to playwith his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regularsalary.
解析：这是一个由but连接的并列句，由前一分句的谓语动词had是一般过去时可知，后一分句的谓语动词bring也应用一般过去时；可是，bring却用的是原形，既与语境的时态不符，也与主语he不一致，该句不是倒装句，因此，此处必定是填情态动词或表示强调的助动词did；由句意和作者的语气推测，应当填对谓语动词表示强调的助动词did(的确)。
7、若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大)。（例句略）
8、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。
(1)由it is…that…强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。
[例12] …and 40was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精)! (广州一模)
解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填it。
(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither,nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do,does, did等。
[例13] _______with hard work can youexpect to get pay rise.
解析：由can you expect to…可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词only，因为“only +状语(withhard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒装。
(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：
[例14] …as 32took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists… (2008年佛山二模)
解析：由句式结构可知，这是it takes, sb. some time to do sth.句型，本句的不定式to steal paintings是真正的主语，空格处填形式主语it。
[例15] Dating sites also make 36 easyto avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (2008年惠州二模)
解析：由句式结构可知，to avoid…是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。
(4)so /such…that…句型。如：
[例16] This made the goat sojealous___34___it began plotting against (谋划对付) thedonkey. (2007年惠州二模)
解析：由句式结构可知，这是so…that…句型，应填that。
(5)more…than… (与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。
[例17] Cynthia’sstory shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares 40 howmuch he pays. (深圳宝安期末)
解析：由句式结构可知，这是more…than…句型，故填that。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心。
(二)给出了动词的试题。
1、动词不在主语或宾语的位置
首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。
若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。
[例18] His fear of failure____36____(keep) him from classroom games that other children played withjoyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模)
解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept。
[例19] That was definitely not anattractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 40 (close) my book andwalked away. (2008年广州一模)
解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词declined，但由and walked可知，所填词与declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。
[例20] In Logan, three people __38__(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (梅州二模)
解析：因主语three people与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由were treated可知，要用一般过去时，故填were taken。
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：
2、作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。
[例21] …but itis not enough only 35 (memorize) rul es from a grammar book. (佛山一模)
解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填tomemorize。
[例20] _______ (speak) out your innerfeeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…
解析：句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。
3、作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。如：
[例22] _______ (complete) the projectas planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。
[例23] Some people say that oldestchildren, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ___33 (succeed).(2008年佛山一模)
解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填tosucceed。
4、作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。
[例24] He saw the stone, 37 (say) tohimself: “The night will be very dark.” (2008年东莞一模)
解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。
[例25] The headmaster went into thelab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests.
解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。
5、不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。
[例26] There will be a meeting, __40__(start) later this year to review the film. (2008年广州二模)
解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。
[例27] Lessons 39 (learn) in sports canhelp us in our dealing with other people. (广东考试说明)
解析：因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。
特别提醒
有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。如：
[例28] But Jane knew from pastexperience that her ___36___ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.(2009年广东)
分析：括号中所给词choose虽然是动词，但在句中作主语，且在形容词性物主代词后，应当填choose的名词形式choice。
(三)词类转换题
根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。
①作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：
[例29] The youngster immediately fell________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。
[例30] In a ________ (danger) part ofthe sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to…
解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。
[例31] Teachers must try their best tomake most of their students ________ (interest) in the subject.
解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣”，填interested。
②作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。
[例30] When China’s ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) arementioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.
解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，China’sancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故填achievements。
[例31] These people have made great__39 (contribute) to China with their work. (茂名二模)
解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示作贡献，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。
③在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：
[例32] …theremains date from this period because of their __38__ (similar) to those foundelsewhere. (2008年广州二模)
解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填similarities。
[例33] With the large numbers ofstudents, the ________ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount ofactivity.
解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。
④修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：
[例34] As I looked 32 (close) at thisgirl, I fount that… (2008年深圳一模)
解析：修饰动词looked，作状语，用副词，故填closely。
[例35] There must be something 40(serious) wrong with our society. (2008潮州期末)
解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriously。
[例36] Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet 33 (main) because their busy lifestyles leave themlittle time… (2008年惠州三模)
解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故填mainly。
⑤有可能是词义转换题，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un—, im—等，在词根后加—less等。如：
[例37] People certainly have a varietyof reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, noknowledge is ________ (use).
解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。
[例38] Your mistake caused a lot of________ (necessary) work in the office.
解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意，“错误引起了许多不必要的麻烦事”，故填unnecessary。
⑥括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。
[例39] …therewas a lot of information about the city’s well-knowntourist 34 (attract)… (2008年广州一模)
解析：尽管attract是动词，但这是考查词类转换的；在句中作介词about的宾语，用名词，故填attractions。
[例40] The other frog went on jumpingas hard as he could…He jumped even __36_ (hard) andfinally made himself out. (2008年期末)
解析：联系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知这里用比较级，故填harder。
四、点睛技巧
语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道语法填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
1．语法填空的考查范围
(1)语境测试(上下文)；
(2)语法测试：动词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级及构词法、倒装等。
①动词：时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等；
②引导词：一些从句的使用，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等；
③形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换，形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等；
④介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语的用法；
⑤名词、冠词：注意名词的单数、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法；
⑥代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系；
⑦并列词：and, so, or, otherwise等表示并列、对比的词，以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore, however的用法；
⑧句型：要求归纳整理，并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型，如： not...until...; notonly...but (also)．..; so...that...; not...but...;as...as...; either...or...；more...than...;neither...nor...；such...that...；hardly...when...; no sooner...than...等。
2．语法填空的能力要求
(1)阅读/理解语篇的能力；
(2)分析句子结构的能力；
(3)熟练运用语法的能力；
(4)单词拼写能力。
3. 态度要求
? 不断记忆，积累词汇
? 夯实基础，学好语法
? 大声朗读，培养语感
? 坚持不懈，多做练习
专题一记叙文型语法填空
专题导读
记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体。在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有：
1．以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，使文章所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。
2．广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。
[2011?广东卷]
One Sunday morning in August I went to a local musicfestival. I left it
early because I had an appointment __1__ (late) that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me __2__ the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man __3__(sit) at the front. He__4__ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it avoice. He must be__5__ (mental) disabled.
Behind him were other people to__6__he was trying totalk, but after some minutes__7__ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.
I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him butI didn't like leaving him__8__ his own either.
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to thefront of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had__9__amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy therest of the way home.
I'm glad I made the choice. It made__10__ of us feelgood.
1．____ 2.____ 3._____4.______
5．____6._____ 7.______ 8._____9．________ 10.________
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”的一次坐车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲开了，而“我”走近了他，和他聊起来，一路上“我”俩都很高兴。
1．later 考查副词的用法。我离开得较早因为那天晚些时候我有个约会。
2．till/until 考查状语从句的连接词。我的朋友一直陪我直到公共汽车来。
3．sitting/sit 考查动词的用法。notice sb doing/do sth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事/做了某事”。
4．was pretending 考查动词的时态。由giving it a voice可知用过去进行时。
5．mentally 考查副词的用法。此处disabled是形容词，用副词修饰。
6．whom 考查定语从句的关系词。此处he was trying to talk to 是定语从句，people是先行词，whom作介词to的宾语。
7．they 考查代词的用法。他们走开然后坐在我的旁边。
8．on 考查词组的用法。此处考查词组on one’s own (＝alone)。
9．an 考查冠词的用法。amazing是以元音音素开头，故用an。
语法填空专项训练 1 Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken.
英语语法填空解题技巧与方法 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题时可遵循“三步走”浏览全文，了解大意；边读边填，先易后难；验证核查，清楚难点。 语法填空的考察形式分为两大类：无提示词填空类；提示性词填空类 一．无提示词类。即纯空格题。（只限一个单词） 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词（a/ an /the）、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词.。 技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。 技巧2：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句（以句子为单位） 1.I have ___________ interesting book. _________ is called “Frozen” 2.___________ he worked very hard, he still failed the test. 3.He was very tired after working for a whole day, ____________ he felt very happy. 4.Whether we will go to the park depends _____________ the weather. 二．提示性填空类。即用所给词的适当形式填空，（此类题填空不超过三个单词）。此类型的题一般考察动词的时态、语态、单复数；动词非谓语（to do / done/ doing）; 词性的转换（形名副动）；adj/ adv 的比较级和最高级。 注意：(一)、.判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。要从以下两点进行思考：（1）. 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关 系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态和单复数 1 . Friends can always _____________(trust),loved and respected. 2.People in the future _______________(know) and benefit from the technology. （2.）若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓 语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有： (1) 作主语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，（用不定式表示具体情况） (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式 (3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed） 1.We are supposed to work very hard _____________(go) to a good university.
语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性（形容词，副词，名词，反义词）、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、介词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。 一 One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career . 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it; 9 I don't like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 二 Mum: (putting on her coat) I have to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure 7 wasn't him. Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge? Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I put on my coat? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
（英语）英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult，" she said The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem". Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. "We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life. 【答案】be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。 （1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。 （2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语，“将......变成......”，故填into。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。（4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。 （5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。 （6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。 （7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
英语语法填空解题技巧做英语语法填空的技巧 英语语法填空被认为是一种障碍性阅读理解题型，那么你知道怎样做好英语语法填空吗?下面是小编为你整理的做英语语法填空的方法，希望大家喜欢! 做英语语法填空的技巧 技巧一：名词形式变化。 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。 例：There are many students living at school，the (child) houses are all far from schoo1.由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，
所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式 复数的所有格children’s。 技巧二：动词形式变化。 动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。 例：A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是将来作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。 例：The king decided to see the painter by (he).由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。 英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和
2019届二轮复习短文语法填空模拟试题10篇训练之十五 [一] One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment__61__(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me__62__ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man__63__ (sit) at the front. He__64__ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be__65__ (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to__6_he was trying to talk, but after some minutes__67__ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him__68__ his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had__69__ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. I’m glad I made the choice. It made__70__of us feel good. 参考答案： 61．later 62．till/until 63．sitting/sit 64．was pretending 65．mentally 6．whom 67．they 68．on 69．an 70．both 【二】 Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire. It is also important to know what to do when it __61__ (break)out. Every year, over 11，000 people _62__ (kill)or injured in house fires.
语法填空专项训练---介词 介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词的介词)，主要考点有： 1.表示时间介词有 at, in, on表示时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到……时为止after 在……之后before在……之前for 表示一段时间during在……期间within在……期间，不超过since自从…throughout 贯穿……期间until/till直到from…to…从……到between在…之间over 在……期间，过完一段时间 2.表示方位的介词有 into 进入out of从……出来(a)round 围饶着或在……的各处along沿着 towards向或朝着to到或向from从up沿……而上 off从……离开或下来at朝着或向着for到…去down沿..而下 at在某一点或在(某物)旁in在某一范围内on在某物的表面上between在(两者)之间above在……的上头或高出below在…下面或低于among在(多者)之中around在……周围inside在……的里面outside在……的外面before在……之前behind在……的后面over在……的上方或上面under在……的下面或下方；beside/by在……的旁边near在……的附近beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围) across在……的对面或那一边against 靠着 across从一边到另一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过 over从某人或某物的上空经过through从某事物的里面经过。 3. 表示原因的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at ( at常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。 4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有 By 乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水, 抽象的文具in ink, in pen, in pencil等) with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；through通过(实践或书本)等 。 5. 表示“除……外”的介词有except, besides, but, except for等。 6. 表示“数量”的介词有about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等 表示“关于”的介词有on, about等； 表示“所属”“部分与整体关系”的介词有of 表示(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度的介词有by 以及as(当作，作为)，like(像…一样)等。 7. 能接复合宾语的介词有with和without 8. 短语中的介词。“动词+介词”短语，look after, care for，congratulations on等； “动词+副词+介词”短语catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等； “动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等； “名词+介词”，effect on等。 解题技巧：
高考英语二轮复习语法填空专题训练10篇（附解析）一. When Mariah Nablo was six years old, she learned that gorillas in Africa were in danger of dying out as a result of people’s illegal mining for Coltan, a material 1 （use）to make cell phones. Mariah was so moved by 2 she learned that she wanted to do something about it. But what? Her inspiration came when she was visiting the Buffalo Zoo. She saw a sign on a box 3 (say) “Answer the call of the wild. Recycle cell phones and help save gorillas.” This is when she learned about 4 organization called Eco-Cell. Through Eco-Cell, she realized that one way she could help protect gorillas was to collect cell phones for recycling. This not only keeps cell phones out of landfills(垃圾场), but 5 (reduce) the need for Coltan and illegal mining. So, at age 6, Mariah became the 6 (young) Eco-Cell Conservation Partner. 7 the help of her parents, she started her charity, Mariah Saves Gorillas! Mariah is now 16 years old! And her organization, for the past 9 years, 8 (collect) thousands of cell phones and kept e-waste out of landfills! And, more 9 (recent), Mariah has been spending her time 10 (educate) people about the environment, our devices and their impact on the gorillas. 二. Zhalong is a nature reserve in Heilongjiang in northeast China. It is one of 1 world’s most important wetlands. The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. Many birds live 2 (comfortable) in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round, 3 some only stay there for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them 4 food. Zhalong Nature Reserve is an important 5 (live) area for the rare red-crowned cranes. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world. Some of them live in Zhalong. Some people want to change the wetlands to make 6 (much) space for farms and buildings. This 7 (mean) there will be less and less space for wildlife. This year, members of our Bird Watching Club 8 (be) going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and do a bird count. We are now inviting secondary school students 9 (help). We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not understand the 10 (important) of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. 三. Every single day things happen that change our feelings and emotions! Depending on 1 happens to us, we may become happy, angry, sad, 2 (excite) or one of many other emotions! Feelings and emotions are a gift to us and one of the things that make humans different than other species. So, it is very 3 (nature) to feel angry or scared! It is also important for us to think why we feel a certain way. If we think about what it is 4 makes us feel like we do, we can then try to control our reactions. But this is 5 (easy) said than done! Sometimes, our emotions seem to take control of us.
高三英语语法填空解题技巧 纯空格：介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等 有提示词：○1给出了动词的试题——谓语动词，非谓语动词，词类转换 ○2词类词义转换提——名词，形容词，副词，形容词和副词的比较级或最高级一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 例1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ______ gets there almost in a second. 技巧1①：主句缺主语或宾语，一定是填 例2. Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child _________ had put it there. 技巧1②：定语从句缺主语或宾语，一定是填适当的关系词，如： 例3. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car broke (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to should have the honor of receiving me…… 技巧1③：名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：who/ whom谁，which 哪一个/些, what东西/话/地方, whoever, whichever, whatever, whomever 例4. While she was getting me settled (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _________there was a garage. 技巧2①：定语从句缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________，缺原因状语用____________。 例5. …It is said that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. __________________ he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful girl……. 例6. ….____________ old you are, it’s not too late to make your life more interesting. 技巧2②：状语从句 缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________， 缺原因状语用____________， 缺方式状语用___________________。 例7. It is said that ______ short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(920-1279)was very anxious to help _____ rice crop grow up quickly. 技巧3：名词前面若没有限定词（冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词），很可能是填限定词。 例8. …The little girl looked ______ at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: “Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it ____ it was all full.”The father was crushed. He fell ___ his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger. 技巧4 ：介词的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。 例9. …Two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso______ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.