1
Key to Exercises
Opener
1. Winston Churchill led Britain to defeat Germany in WWII. Nelson Mandela ended apartheid in
South Africa.
2. The young Winston Churchill was a military officer, a war correspondent and a writer before
becoming a Member of Parliament. The young Nelson Mandela was a law student before getting
involved in political opposition to white rule in South Africa.
3. When Winston Churchill was forced out of government he learned to paint and lay bricks,
wrote tirelessly, gave speeches, and seized opportunities to return to politics. Nelson Mandela
spent 27 years in jail, suffering inhuman punishment. Yet he never gave up. He even managed to
earn a law degree from the University of London and encouraged his fellow prisoners to seek
better treatment through nonviolent resistance.
Reading & Interacting
I. Understanding the Text
1. Text Organization
2. Comprehension Check 2.1 Focusing on the main ideas 2 I am an aide to Premier Li Keqiang. This morning, he was scheduled to meet Marcia
McNutt, Editor-in-Chief of Science
for 30 minutes. Before the meeting, the Premier instructed me
to collect data to demonstrate China’s efforts in addressing environmental problems. Dr. McNutt
arrived early. They had tea at the reception hall. The discussion went so well that neither
realized time had run out. At one point, I had to interrupt them with
an urgent note for
the
Premier. He
dismissed me. Dr. McNutt was clearly impressed. And the national media coverage of
this meeting impressed her even more. She later commented that all these sent strong signals as
to how China sees science as critical to its future well-being.
2.2 Digging into detail
1.She was in disbelief, because she thought Premier Li had too many pressing issues of national
and international concern to attend to than to meet her.
2.Current/present.
3.The meeting would be one-on-one and U.S. reporters were not
allowed. The meeting would
last 30 minutes. They would discuss science and the economy, not politics. Some topics were off
limits for the Premier, being suggested as more appropriate for conversations between her and
President Bai Chunli of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
4.Three. They are: returning farmland to forest; the value of China’s energy-saving and
environmental industries; and clean drinking water for rural Chinese people.
5.The importance of training more brilliant scientists for China, including extending training
opportunities to rural students.
6.To show that scientific research is highly respected/has a high status in China.
2.3 Understanding difficult sentences
• 1) B
• 2) A
• 3) A
• 4) B 3
II. Focusing on Language in Context
1. Key Words & Expressions
1.1
1.His career as a soldier ended with injury to both eyes.
2.Hot money flows around the world looking for investments that will yield high returns.
3.The Prime Minister’s speech sent out a signal that his government is ready for peace
negotiations.
4.This morning Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella published a report on his vision for the company’s
future.
5.New China has been promoting closer cooperation with other countries for world peace since
its founding in 1949.
6.Oil prices in China now follow global trends.
7.The actress decided to take advantage of her recent fame to launch her own fashion brand.
8.China didn’t attain its 2012 foreign trade goal due to the debt crisis in Europe.
9.In the early days of his career, he headed a team to attract overseas Chinese scientists to his
university.
10.Do you think college graduation, wedding and giving birth to babies are significant events in
your life?
1.2
• 1) off limits
• 2) At first
• 3) previous
• 4) thanks to
• 5) appropriate
1.3
1.The only real solution to China’s pollution problems, scientists claim, is to cut emissions (排放)
from power plants, factories and cars. 4
2.The Chinese government has officially declared war on the global gambling industry, which
makes it likely that Chinese citizens will be gambling much less in China, its neighboring countries,
and the US.
3.A big proportion of tigers die of human demand for their bones.
4.We are working with computer experts to ensure that such accidents do not happen again.
5.This shelf holds 80 pairs of shoes with prices ranging from $120 to $150 each.
2. Usage
1.
1)The Yangtze River is five times longer than the Dadu River.
2)The Yangtze River is six times as long as the Dadu River.
3)The Yangtze River is six times the length of the Dadu River.
2.
1)Despite competition, prices of our products have increased by 10 per cent since last year.
2)In the event of a 1% fall in the market rate, the return on the stock is expected to decrease by
less than 1 per cent.
3)Mr Baker, General Manager of the company, saw his salary increase from £130,000 to
£400,000 while his workers had to settle for a 5.5 per cent wage rise.
4)In the United States, the average stay in hospital for a patient aged 65 decreased from 13 days
in 1967 to 8.8 days in 1986.
3. Sentence Patterns
1.
1)Politicians depend on experts for advice as to foreign policies.
2)I’m not absolutely certain, you see, as to whether I should say it.
3)By 3 pm, the Mayor demanded a timetable as to when the power would be back on.
4)As to how to go to Shanghai Museum by bus, I’m not sure about it because I have just moved
to Shanghai.
2.
1)What caused the plane crash remains unknown.
