第二章非谓语动词试试分析下面名言划横线部分做什么成分
Doing everything is doing nothing. 贪多嚼不烂。
Well begun is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
A rolling stone gathers no moss. 见异思迁，终无所获。to do 不定式: 为了+ 将来
done 过去分词: 被动+ 完成
doing 现在分词: 主动+ 进行
doing 动名词: 具有名词的功能
不定式：
动名词：
分词：
1）现在分词
2）过去分词
第一节动词不定式（特征: 为了+将来）
主动语态
一般式to write They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。。完成式 to have written I am sorry to have troubled you a lot.
我很抱歉给你造成了这么多的麻烦。
否定式：not to do She asked me not to drop out of school.
判断不定式在各句中作什么成分
1. To talk with him is a great pleasure. （语）
2. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. （语）
3. She determined to study harder. （语）
4. My doctor advised me to go to the park for a change of air. （语）
5. Have you got something to say? （语）
6.状语：时方让条目因果
They ran over to welcome the students. （状语）
In order to master English, we must work hard at it . （状语）
I went to see him only to find him out. （状语）
A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move . （状语）
We jumped with joy to hear the news. （状语）
7. 作独立成分
To tell you the truth ,I am almost freezing .
To make matters worse,…
To be frank with you/ to speak frankly,…
To make the story short,…
To cut a long story short,…
To begin with (首先)
练习题
A.翻译题
1.乘飞机去那儿只花你两个小时。
2.他们似乎已成功地做完了试验。
3.他父亲答应今年夏天带他去意大利。
4.他无事可做。
5.那人为了养家不得不在业余时间做些另活。
6.发现屋子里空无一人，他们很奇怪。
7.坦白地说，她不会傻得去做那件事的。
B单选题
1.Is _____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. we
2.To play fair is as important as _____.
A. to play well
B. play well
C. we play well
D. playing well
3.It’s important ______ part in sports and recreation.
A.for us to take
B. of us to take
C. for us taking
D. to us to take
4. _____ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.
A. Improving
B. To improve
C. Improved
D. Having improved
5. Tom kept quiet about the accident, ______ lose his job.
A. so not as to
B. so as not to
C. so as to not
D. not so as to
6. To learn to speak English well, _______.
A. much practice is needed
B. one needs much practice
第二节现在分词（特征：主动+ 进行）
主动语态
一般式：doing (与谓语动词的动作同时进行)
他们笑谈着进来了
正在建造的那座大楼是我们的校图书馆
完成式：having done (发生在谓语动词之前)
擦完那张桌子后，我们便开始看书
我们先被领着去看了教室，又被带去看图书馆
否定式：not doing
判断现在分词在句中作什么成分
I saw him coming last night. （语）
Looking out of the window, I saw a woman walking in the street. （语）Being a teacher, I must work hard. （语）
She stood there, waiting for a bus. （语）
The man sitting by the window is our teacher. （语）
独立结构
表原因：It being Sunday, we have no school. =
表时间：The order given, we start the work. =
表条件：Time permitting, we’ll stay longer. =
表伴随：They came into the room, hands tied. =
现在分词练习题
1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.
A. There was
B. There being
C. Because there being
D.There were
2. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.
A. Time permits
B. If time permitting
C. Time permitting
D. Time's permitting
3._____, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said
B. Goodbye had been said
C. Goodbye said
D. When goodbye said
4. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits.
A. It being fine weather
B. It fine weather
C. It was fine weather
D. It being a fine weather
5. ____, the bus started at once.
A. The signal was given
B. The signal giving
C. The signal given
D. When the signal given
6. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down
B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down
D. tears rolling down
7. ____, the leaves are turning green.
A. When spring coming on
B. Spring coming on
C. Spring came on
D. Spring being come on
8. _____, I had to buy a new one.
A. My dictionary losing
B. My dictionary having been lost
C. My dictionary had been lost
D. Because my dictionary lost
9. I used to sleep with the window _____.
A. opened
B. open
C. opening D to open
10. ____, the hunter went into the forest.
A. A gun on shoulder
B. A gun was on his shoulder
C. Gun on shoulder
D. A gun being on shoulder
11. ____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
12. With a lot of work ____, I have to sit up tonight.
A. do
B. doing
C. done
D. to do
13. He stood there silently, his lips_____.
A. trembling
B. trembled
C. were trembling
D. were trembling
14. _____, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
A. All things considering
B. All things considered
C. All things were considered
D. With all things were considered
15. ______, we will surely succeed.
A. The teacher helping us
B. The teacher to help us
C. The teacher will help us
D. With the teacher helping
16.The thief stood before the policeman,__________ admitting what he had done.
A.with his drooping head
B.drooping his head
C.raising his head
D.with his head down
2.__________ ,he can't go out for a walk as usual.
A.With so much work to do
B.With so much work doing
C.With so much work done
D.Without so much work to do
17.It's quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth __________ and his eyes __________ .
A.closed;open
B.closed;opened
C.closing;open
D.closing;opening
18.All things __________ ,the plan trip will have to be called off.
A.be considered
B.considered
C.considering
D.having considering
19.__________ ,we have to get down to business right away.
A.As there was no time left
B.There is no time left
C.There being no time left
D.There to be no time left
20.__________ yesterday,we went out for a walk.
A.As a fine day
B.It was a fine day
第一节过去分词（特征：被动+完成）
小测验：请写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词
beat ____ ____ seek ____ ____ dig ____ ____ strike ____ ____ wake ____ ____ blow ____ ____ lay ____ ____ mistake ____ ____ lie(躺）____ ____
特征：
①侧重完成：fallen leaves, developed country
②侧重被动： a broken glass, a damaged house
③侧重被动+完成frozen chicken, a furnished room
判断现在分词在句中作什么成分
1. We were amazed at the beauty of the lake. （语）
2. She had a worried look on her face. （语）
3. The boy injured in the accident was taken to hospital. （语）
4. She got her suits dry-cleaned. （语）
5. Depressed, he went to see his elder sister. （语）
6. Unless (it is) changed, this law will make life difficult for farmers. （语）
7.独立结构
His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play. = After his homework was done, Jim decided to go and see the play. 家庭作业完成后，杰姆决定去看戏。
This done, we went home. =
做完此事，我们就回去。
All our saving gone, we started looking for jobs. . =
积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。
The test finished, we began our holiday.=
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.=
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.=
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.=
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。
练习题
1.将下列每组句子连接成一句，至少使用一个独立结构。
1.a. She stood back and looked at him. b. Her face smiled radiantly.
2. a. His exam was finished. b. Porter stumbled wearily from the room.
3. a. Henry Adams ran from the room . b. Cold shivers ran down his spine.
4. a. The meeting was closed. b. Nobody had any more to say.
5. a. There was no way for me to cross. b. I walked upstream on the south side.
6. a. Marie sat on the edge of frail wooden ch air in Irby’s suite.
b. The champagne glass was in her hand.
c. Her tears were in her eyes.
7. a. All the money had been spent. b. Jack started looking for work.
8. a. The whole meeting was in uproar. b. The chairman abandoned the attempt to take a vote
9. a. My task was completed. b. I went to bed.
10. a. In front of him stood a man. b. The man held a gun in his hand.
2.选择题
1. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____.
A. to repair bicycles
B. bicycles to be repaired
C. bicycles being repaired
D. repairing bicycles
2. --- Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?
--- Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.
A. to change; to be
B. to change; being
C. changing; being
D. changing; to be
3. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog.
A. to train properly
B. being trained properly
C. properly to train
D. trained properly
4. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
A. Having stolen
B. Having been stolen
C. Stolen
D. Stealing
5. _____ the front door _____, he had to enter the room through the back door.
A. Seen; painted
B. Seeing; painted
C. Being seen; being painted
D. Seeing; being painted
6. And there, almost ___ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.
A. having lost
B. losing
C. to be lost
D. lost
7. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
8. To answer correctly is more important than _____.
A. that you finish quickly
B. finishing quickly
C. to finish quickly
D. finish quickly
9. The old farmer, _____ the badly injured and burnt soldier, came out of the burning farmhouse, calling continuously for help.
A. supporting
B. having supported
C. being supported by
D. being supported
10. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, ____ a new milestone in the history of mankind. A. it marked B. marking C. marked D. to mark
11. It was getting dark; I found a car _____ in a pool by the side of the road.
A. to be stuck
B. stuck
C. sticking
D. stick
12. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have _____ the problem _____.
A. to solve; being talked about
B. solving; discussing
C. to solve; to talk about
D. solving; being discussed
13. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.
A. to have discovered
B. to have been discovered
C. to discover
D. having been discovered
14. The thief fell to the ground, his left foot _____ and blood _____ down from his mouth.
A. breaking; running
B. broken; running
C. breaking; run
D. broken; run
15. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes _____ on the screen.
A. to fix
B. to be fixed
C. fixed
D. fixing
第四节动名词(特征：当名词用）
1. 固定句型
It’s no good/use/fun doing sth. There is no use/point/fun in doing sth.
但:There is no need/hope/possibility to do sth.
2. 合成名词
Mary’s coming late made her teacher angry.
Would you mind my (or me) opening the window?
下面动词只能接动名词作宾语：
mind, finish, admit, advise, avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, imagine, escape, keep, practice, risk, miss, stand, deny, fancy, suggest, present, give up, put off , set about, object to, insist on, look forward to, stick to 等. + doing
练习题（3种非谓语共同辨析）
1. ______ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
A. Giving
B. Having given
C. To give
D. Given
2. _____ , you need to give all you have and try your best.
A Being a winner
B To be a winner
C Be a winner
D Having been a winner
3. Every evening after dinner, if not_______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired
B. tiring
C. tired
D. to be tired
4. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten
B. Bitten
C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten
5. They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.
A. being run
B. run
C. to run
D. running
6. Mrs. White showed her student some old maps ______from the library.
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed
D. borrowing
7. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank______ presents for my dad.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. to have bought
8. Though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。
A. surprise
B. was surprised
C. surprised
D. being surprised
9. He had wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the word
A. travel
B. to travel
C. traveled
D. traveling
10. His first book next month is based on a true story.
A. published
B. to be published
C. to publish
D. being published
11. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking
B. Look
C. To look
D. Looked
12. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A. sticking
B. stuck
C. to be stuck
D. to have stuck
13. Listen! Do you hear someone _______for help?
A. calling
B. call
C. to call
D. called
14. Dina, _______ for months to find a job, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling
B. struggled
C. having struggled
D.to struggle
非謂语动词（一） 一、Done 被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。 完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。 句法功能 表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished. The door remained locked. They seemed worried. 定语：划出下列句子的定语部分 The broken glass is still lying on the table. The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived. A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up. He sent them his newly-invented devices. She was reading a novel written by Dickens. The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter. The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well. 翻译： 他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。 宾补 1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。 We found him greatly changed. 2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。 He made himself understood in spoken English. 3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。 She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped. 翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了
一、选择题 1．We should try our best to prevent the air pollution________. A．from living a better life B．to live a better life C．live a better life D．lives a better life 2．—Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV. A．play;stay B．to play;to stay C．play;to stay D．to play;stay 3．—I didn't hear you come in just now. —That's good. We tried________any noise, for you were sleeping. A．not make B．not to make C．to make D．making 4．If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me. A．who will you talk with B．who to talk C．who to talk to D．who you will talk 5．Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor. A．running B．run C．runs 6．She couldn’t help ________ when she heard the death of her grandmother. A．cry B．to cry C．crying D．to crying 7．—What do you think is the most important rule for a drive? —He or she must avoid_______ after drinking. A．driving B．no driving C．not to drive D．to drive 8．Young people enjoy ________ pop music. A．to listen to B．listen C．listening to D．to listen 9．We should do what we can _________ animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 10．（2016天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. A．took B．takes C．to take D．taking 11．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 12．I used to . But now I get used to doing everything. I’m successful at last. A．give up; keeping B．giving up; keeping C．giving up; keep D．give up; keep 13．We should do sports _________ us ________ fit. So I play basketball every day. A．to help; keep B．help; keeps C．help; keep D．to help; keeping 14．---I think you should stop ______ him in English. ---I see. He ca n’t understand English at all. Let me try in French.
非谓语动词用法归纳 一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自 认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受
worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.
第五讲非谓语动词 PART I 方法论 非谓语动词是指在句子中充当除谓语以外其他句子成分的动词形式。ACT-English中对于非谓语动词考察侧重于非谓语作状语、定语以及主语。因此本讲重点讲解非谓语以上三个方面的用法。对于非谓语动词的概念及形式可交叉参考句子结构p.1。 考点分类：非谓语作状语、定语、主语。具体考点解析如下： 1.非谓语作状语 非谓语动词作状语的情况，通常是指非谓短语放在句首，表示时间、原因、方式、条件、目的等，句式结构为：doing/done/to do/to be done…, SVO。非谓语的逻辑主语是句子的主语。逻辑主语指非谓语动词逻辑上的动作发出者或接受者即其逻辑主语。 此类题解题思路如下：判断doing/done/to do短语和句子主语的关系，其中doing…短语与主语之间是主动关系，done…短语与主语之间是被动关系，不定式短语表示目的，to do…短语表示主动意义，to be done…表示被动意义。 ACT-English考题形式见例题： 例题1：Looking at a person’s profile photo, we develop first impressions that frame the rest of what we see and read. A.NO CHANGE B.first impressions are developed to frame the rest of what we see and read. C.the rest of what we see and read is the first impressions that we develop. D.developing first impressions that frame the rest of what we see and read. 答案：A 例题2：Envisioning as a manufacturing hub, the city is expected to house two million people when it's completed in 2040. A.NO CHANGE B.When the designer envisions it C.To envision D.Having envisioned 答案：B
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词） 【考点概述】 非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性，但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的，在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的，在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。 【考点释义】 考点一：不定式 （1）构成：to+动词原形（do）如： I like to swim. 注意：不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类，但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如：I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。 （2）句法功能： 1. 作主语 在英语中为了避免头重脚轻，当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”，将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如： ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。 【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下： 当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”，反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.（不成立） 由于不能构成主谓关系，所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系，所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语 当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。（表想，希望） ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。（表打算，决定）【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下： want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补 当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系，宾补成立的条件唯此一条。 接不定式作宾补的动词有：“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、
最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A．found B．finding C．having found D．to find 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。 2．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，path与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。 3．______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A．Having exposed B．Being exposed C．To expose D．Exposed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意：暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语，may influence是谓语，前面的部分应该是主语，be exposed to“暴露于”，要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。 4．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A．starting B．being started C．to start D．to be started 【答案】A 【解析】 选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。 第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的
第二章 | 现在分词和动名词的区别 今天这篇文章是要教大家顿悟现在分词和动名词的区别。 非谓语有四种形式，分别是不定式to do，动名词doing，现在分词doing和过去分词done，这四个非谓语中动名词和现在分词的表现形式完全相同，但是其在句子中的用法截然不同。 语法名词：非谓语动词、现在分词和动名词的区别 核心讲解： 动名词和现在分词都是V-ing形式。动名词属名词词性，可以充当的是名词类成分，包括主语、宾语、同位语和表语；而现在分词属形容词词性和副词词性，可以充当的是定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语。另外现在分词与be动词合在一起就是进行时态，属于谓语动词。 我们来看一个例句： Seeing some movies speaking English contributes to learning the language, improving one’s comprehension. 观看一些说英语的电影有助于学习这种语言，（因为）提高一个人的理解力。 这个句子中有4个V-ing形式。seeing和learning为动名词分别做句子主语和宾语，且seeing some movies算一件事，谓语动词用了单数contributes。speaking 为现在分词做后置定语，修饰movies，和movies一起构成主动关系。improving 是现在分词做原因状语，和seeing some movies构成主动关系。 可见，当V-ing形式做主语和宾语时为动名词，当V-ing形式做定语和状语并表示主动的动作时，为现在分词。 此外，当V-ing形式做同位语时，为动名词。当V-ing形式做宾语补足语时，为现在分词。当V-ing形式做表语时，若其说明的是主语本身是什么，为动名词；若强调的是主语的性质和特征，则为现在分词。
高考英语非谓语动词解析版汇编含解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1． ______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A．Working out B．Worked out C．To work out D．Work out 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell 教授 咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。 【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？ 1) 目的状语。To?only to 仅( 仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) 如此??a以s 便to ??() 如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。 2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的， 要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry ？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了房间什么也没找到。 3) 表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill 听说你父亲病了很难过。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。 【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014 年四川卷第7 题相似—Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website. 这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词 不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可 以轻松解题。 2．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _____ right from wrong. A．distinguished B．distinguishing C．to distinguish D．to be distinguished 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong 在这个句子中， deal with 的宾语是trouble ，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。 考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。 3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the library
初中非谓语动词最全总结 1、动词： finish doing sth、完成做某事；enjoy doing sth、喜欢做某事；practice doing sth、练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth、避免做某事；consider doing sth、考虑做某事；suggest doing sth、建议做某事；mind doing sth、介意做某事； keep doing sth、持续做某事 allow 允许resist抵抗miss错过advise建议stand(忍受)risk冒险forgive escape admit 2、固定短语： feel like doing sth、喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth、忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth、花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing或have a good/great time doing做某事高兴prevent…from d oing阻止be busy doing忙着做help sb with doingkeep on持续 put off推迟feel like想要 3、介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth、；thank you for doing sth、；give up doing sth、；stop sb、 from doing sth、；do well in doing sth、；be afraid of doing sth、；
否定形式: not +不定式,not + 动名词,not + 现在分词
1.不定式与动名词作主语得区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) it is not very good for you to smoke so much.您抽这么多烟对您身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知得事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成得事或目得。 climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语得不定式短语后置。 it took me only five minutes to finish the job、 动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语,但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。 it is / was no use / good + doing sth、 it is / was not any use / good + doing sth、 it is / was of little use / good + doing sth、 it is / was useless doing sth、 it is no use crying over spilt milk、覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day、 每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2.不定式与动名词作宾语得区别 英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: (1)不定式做宾语与宾语补足语 1)下面得动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语得动词歌诀: 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令,需要努力学习,期望同意帮助,希望决定开始。
非谓语动词总结 一．后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况 1.动词：finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事；practicedoingsth.练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；suggestdoingsth.建议做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoing sth.持续做某事 doing值得做某事；spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；havedifficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴 3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等) 如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb.from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested indoing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of 4.to作介词的情况lookforwardtodoingsth期望做某事； preferdoingsth.todoingsth与…相比较更喜欢…；pay attention to doing注意做某事；be/get used to doingsth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为…做贡献 二．后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况 1.动词：agree todo同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide todo决定去做某事；hopeto do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失败去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做；refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do 想要去做；want todo想要去做某事；learntodo学做；prefertodosth.喜欢（爱）做某事；sb.seemtodo sth好像做某事；want/would like to do sth.想做……；used to do sth.过去常做某事 2.句型. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人去做某事 asked sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）
一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. （6）概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people． （7）动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。
高中英语语法总结 第一章主谓一致 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go o ut for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。 4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。 None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1．一般式to do 例如：I like to read English. 2．进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3．完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4．被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 5．完成被动式to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty _to_ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的） It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语
非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。 一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现 时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如： When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致， 谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late（made him angry. 7being，构成动名词，做主语。如： . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习：