中央民族大学2005年招收攻读博士学位生入学考试试题11月22日更新：
中央民族大学2005年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目：101英语
（答案请写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效）
Part ⅠListening Comprehension (15 minutes, 15 points)
Section A (I point each)
Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speaker. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. The conversation will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. [A]. Allen has a lot of money.
[B] . Allen’s money is inadequate.
[C]. Allen will have enough money soon
[D]. Allen is not a qualified applicant.
2. [A]. Susan will probably dislike the picture.
[B]. Susan is younger than what she looks in the picture.
[C]. That picture matters a lot to Susan.
[D]. That picture beautifies Susan
3. [A]. To the woman’s dormitory.
[B]. To the test room.
[C]. To the theater.
[D]. To the man’s house.
4. [A]. The woman’s suitcase is not big enough.
[B]. The woman’s suitcase has got lost.
[C]. The man’s suitcase is lighter.
[D]. The woman’s suitcase lacks a lock.
5. [A]. What the massage said.
[B]. What the man’s name is.
[C]. Where the message is now.
[D]. What the woman said.
6. [A]. He is very glad to have got the new job.
[B]. He is very busy at his new job.
[C]. His new position is not permanent.
[D]. He is unhappy about the new job.
7. [A]. It would be the best to hire someone to do the work.
[B]. They should forget about the work.
[C]. They should put it off till tomorrow.
[D]. They should do the job together.
8. [A]. She is well interested in the sound card.
[B]. She has got the sound card already.
[C]. She thinks the card sounds impressive.
[D]. She doesn’t have much interest in the sound card.
9. [A]. She thanks the man for his kind words.
[B]. She wants the man to be reasonable.
[C]. The man may try the cookies if he wants.
[D]. The man may get cookies delivered to his home.
Section B (1 point each)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be three questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read to you only once After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices given by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
10. [A]. They contracted the disease by contacting with the infected people.
[B] . They contracted the disease by breathing the contaminated dust.
[C]. They contracted the disease by drinking the contaminated water.
[D]. They contracted the disease by cating the contaminated food.
11. [A]. The virus destroys people’s nerve cells.
[B]. The disease can not be treated with drugs.
[C]. The pa tients didn’t go to see the doctor in time.
[D]. The doctor didn’t treat the patients in time.
12. [A]. More people are gathering to celebrate holidays.
[B]. More and more people have moved to the South of Argentina.
[C]. Weather changes.
[D]. Environmental changes.
13. [A]. Working in restaurants.
[B]. Working in glass factories.
[C]. Working as servants in people’s houses.
[D]. Working in agriculture.
14. [A]. They are very poor.
[B]. They can get money from their children.
[C]. They need their children’s help.
[D]. They cannot find jobs themselves.
15. [A]. To provide more job opportunities in developing countries.
[B]. To place restrictions on child labor.
[C]. To place restrictions on trade and products made by children.
[D]. To provide more money for children’s education.
Part ⅡCloze Test (10 points)
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards against dangers and stress: its 16 force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; it is often at its most
17 in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The 18 of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more 19 , more traveling, the overloading of public services and 20 to those deviants and criminals who are 21 to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always flourished in the 22 anonymity of urban life, but today’s ease of movement makes its 23 more difficult than ever; there is much 24 that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. City dwellers may become 25 in their homes by the fear of crime around them.
As a defense 26 these developments. City dwellers tend to use various 27 to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; 28 outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a 29 of pleasure. There are other strategies, too, which are positively harmful to the 30 , for example, reducing awareness through drugs or alcohol 31 , all these defensive forms of behavior are 32 to society in general; they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community’s concern33 its members. Lack of informal social contact and 34 to the misfortunes of others, if they are not 35 known to oneself, are amongst the major causes of urban crime.
16. [A] challenging [B] motivating [C] mobilizing
[D] interacting
17. [A] infinite [B] intense [C] intensive [D] intricate
18. [A] presence [B] encounter [C] combination [D] diffusion
19. [A] dispute [B] quarrel [C] conflict [D] interference
20. [A] confrontation [B] exposure [C] absorption [D] admission
21. [A] compelled [B] driven [C] induced [D] drawn
22. [A] particular [B] relative [C] moderate [D] inherent
23. [A] management [B] isolation [C] commitment [D] control
24. [A] inference [B] hypothesis [C] evidence [D] suspicion
25. [A] trapped [B] blocked [C] surrounded [D] confined
26. [A] of [B] against [C] toward [D] for
27. [A] strategies [B] measures [C] steps [D] approaches
28. [A] journeys [B] appointments [C] missions [D] performances
29. [A] resource [B] clue [C] source [D] guarantee
30. [A] city [B] inpidual [C] society [D] country
31. [A] However [B] Therefore [C] Finally [D] Furthermore
32. [A] beneficial [B] invalid [C] harmful [D] ineffective
33. [A] for [B] over [C] with [D] to
34. [A] ignorance
[B] neglect [C] indifference [D] sympathy
35. [A] mutually [B] personally [C] essentially [D] socially
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (45 points)
Directions:
There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D Decide on the best choice and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Nothing has become John Zeglis, chief executive of AT&T Wireless, quite as much as the decision to sell America’s third- biggest mobile-phone operator. A couple of months ago. The company’s shares were tradin g at below $7. valuing it at $18 billion, well below what it was worth when it was spun off from AT&T in 2001. But thanks to Mr Zeglis’s decision to put AT&T Wireless on the block a month ago, his shareholders will pick up around $15 a share following a fi erce bidding war between Vodafone, the world’s biggest mobile-phone company by revenues, and Cingular, America’s number two operator. Cingular won early on Tuesday February 17th. Its parents, SBC Communications and BellSouth. have thus realised their ambition of doubling their mobile revenues, giving them an alternative to the flat revenues in their core fixed-line markets. But the victory over Vodafone, which reduces the number of nationwide players to five, is unlikely to lessen the fierce competition in the American mobile market. And the $41 billion or so paid may prove to be cripplingly extravagant.
Cingular already has plans for integrating AT&T Wireless. According to reports in the Wall Street Journal, Cingular will use its new acquisition to sell to the business market, though it will drop the brand, while Cingular itself concentrates o the consumer market. But AT&T Wireless is a weak business. It has made losses in half of the past ten quarters, and it has a seemingly
insatiable appetite for capital. Moreover, its operations are inefficient: it is currently running two networks, an old one and a new one based on GSM, a more common global standard. Migration has not been as fast as expected, with just a fifth of customers using GSM. This means that Cingular will have to continue to bear the costs of running both networks, while forking out on marketing to speed up the transition.
Ironically, apart from AT&T Wireless, the other winners in the bidding war appear to be its losers. Shares in NTT DoCoMo rose last Friday after it became clear that the Japanese market leader would not be bidding. Vodafone shareholders seem similarly relieved that it has lost out. Its shares fell on Monday as stories emerged that it had raised its bid to $38 billion, and appeared poised to win. However, the shares jumped by more than 7% on Tuesday morning after Vodafone announced that it had dropped out of the bidding. Quite apart from integrating AT&T Wireless and dealing with its numerous problems, if it had bought the firm Vodafone would have been forced by regulators to give up its 45% stake in Verizon Wireless, America’s leading mobile-phone operator. Whatever the strategic rationale for the acquisition, analysts said it would have been a financial disaster for Vodafone at anything above $30 billion.
36. According to the text, Mr. Zeglis’s decision to sell AT&T Wireless
[A] ruined his fame.
[B] disappointed its shareholders.
[C] triggered a bidding war.
[D] caused its share price to drop.
37. The author thinks that Cingular’s victory in acquiring AT&T Wireless may
[A] boost its flat revenues in the fixed-line markets.
[B]make the competition in the mobile market more fierce.
[C] cause other national players to go bankrupt.
[D] make Cingular suffer due to the high price paid.
38. It can be learned from the second paragraph that
[A] the brand of AT&T Wireless is likely to be enhanced after being acquired.
[B] AT&T Wireless’s weak business can be soon revived after being integrated.
[C] AT&T Wireless’s current networks may become a burden for Cingular.
[D] the cost of marketing to speed up transition will be unbearable for Cingular.
39. By saying “Ironically, apart from AT&T Wirele ss. The other winners in the bidding war appear to be its losers” the author implies that
[A] only AT&T Wireless benefits from the bidding war.
[B] Cingular is the only real winner in the bidding war.
[C] losing the bidding war turned out a good thing.
[D] the losers should have won the bidding war.
40. It can be inferred from the text that Vodafone shareholders
[A] have been looking forward to the company’s success in the bid.
[B]have already suffered loss due to the company’s failure in the bid.
[C] don’t want the company to bid for AT&T Wireless.
[D] don’t like the company to give up its stake in Verizon Wrieless.
Passage 2
Figures lie, as everyone knows, and liars figure. That should make economists especially suspect, since they rely heavily on statistics to try and resolve a wide range of controversies. For example, does a rise in the minimum wage put people out of work? Are stock market returns predictable? Do taxes influence whether a company pays pidends? In recent years, helped by cheaper, more powerful computers, and egged on by
policy-makers anxious for their views, economists have analyzed reams of statistics to answer such questions. Unfortunately, their guidance may be deeply flawed.
Two economists, Deirdre MeCloskey of the University of Illinois, and Stephen Ziliak of Roosevelt University, think their colleagues do a lousy job of making sense of figures, often falling prey to elementary errors. But their biggest gripe is that, blinded by statistical wizardry, many economists fail to think about the way in which the world really works.
To be fair, statistics can be deceptive, especially when explaining human behavior, which is necessarily complicated, and to which iron laws do not apply. Moreover, even if a relationship exists, the wrong conclusions can be drawn. In medieval Holland, it was noted that there was a correlation between the number of storks living on the roof of house and the number of children born within it. The relationship was so striking that, according to the rules of math’s that govern such things, you could say with great confidence that the results were very unlikely to be merely random. Such a relationship is said to be “statistically significant”. But the Dutc h folklore of the time that storks somehow increased human fertility was clearly wrong.
A failure to separate statistical significance from plausible explanation is all too common in economics, often with harmful consequences. In a past paper Professors McCloskey and Ziliak attacked other economists’ over-reliance on statistical rather than economic reasoning, and focused on one case in particular.
In the 1980s, the American state of Illinois launched a program to keep people off the dole. Economists asked whether its costs outweighed its benefits. One study estimated that the program produced benefits that were more than four times as large as the costs. Although this seemed a good deal for taxpayers---and other tests seem to support this conclusion---the authors of the study rejected such a finding because they found that their estimate was not statistically significant. In other words, their results fell just short of 90%
certainty---the usual, though ad hoc, rule of thumb for most economic work---of not being random.
But far from this being an unusual case, Ms McCloskey and Mr Ziliak found that 70% of the papers published during the 1980s in the American Economic Review (AER), one of the most respected journals of the dismal science, failed to distinguis h between “economic” and “statistical” significance. They relied too much on numbers, and too little on economic reasoning.
41. The author thinks that economists should
[A] not rely on statistics to try and solve controversies.
[B]not use computers to help them analyze statistics.
[C] hold a skeptical attitude toward statistical figures.
[D] provide definite answers to economic questions.
42. According to Ms McCloskey and Mr Ziliak, many economists
[A] often make good sense of statistic figures.
[B]seldom make fundamental errors in analyzing figures.
[C] often fail to find real meanings in statistic figures.
[D] seldom realize the real nature of statistics.
43. The author mentions the example of medieval Holland (Pare.3) to illustrate that
[A] statistics cannot be used to explain complicated human behaviors.
[B]conclusions should be based on statistically significant relationships.
[C] a correlation that really exists may have come from random results.
[D] a relationship that is statistically significant may lead to wrong conclusions.
44. Professors McCloskey and Ziliak think that the finding of the study in lllinois
[A] was contradictory to the reality.
[B]had great economic significance.
[C] had no statistical significance.
[D] was based on economic reasoning.
45. The author writes this text to
[A] present Professors McCloskey and Ziliak’s latest work.
[B]inform people that statistic figures are not reliable.
[C] show that too many economists misuse statistics
[D] argue that numbers and economic reasoning are equally important.
Passage 3
As NASA prepares to set twin robots loose on the Martian surface and makes plans to send another in 2007, the agency’s long term goal is clear: Determine whether the red planet does or over did harbor life.
But the current search for life is necessarily limited to life as we know it, organisms dependent on liq uid water. A https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69731086.html, reader recently suggested that “we as humans are arrogant, simply believing that any other form of life will be just like us.”
Researchers devoted to the search for extraterrestrial (ET) have a similar view. “Scientists” approach to finding life is very Earth-centric”, says Kenneth Nealson, a geobiologist at the University of Southern
California. “Based on what we know about life on Earth, we set the limits for where we might look on other planets”, Nealson said. Within that framewor k, however, there are extreme cases of life on Earth that suggest the range of places to look on frigid Mars. Nealson and his colleagues recently found the most extreme sort of organism in a salty liquid lake under the permafrost of Siberia. The organism, named cryopegella, can exist at colder temperatures than any previously discovered. Nealson’s team figures that if the ice at the polar caps of Mars warmed to liquid water, organisms like cryopegella could have awakened and repaired any damage that might have occurred to their various cellular components. That does not mean there are necessarily dormant microbes within the ice caps of Mars. But it does suggest a broader range of potential cradles for life.
Other researchers agree, and a host of so-called “extremophile” discoveries on Earth in recent years indicate the polar regions of Mars might be prime hunting grounds. As on Earth, organisms there might be slathered in natural antifreeze or be able to go dormant for tens of thousands of years. Waiting for a brief thaw, their moment in the Sun. Meanwhile, scientists recognize that there could indeed be life elsewhere in the universe that does not require water. And some astrobiologists are trying to explore the possibilities.
But it is a tough problem to ap proach. In looking for “life as we don’t know it”, it’s hard to even imagine what to expect.
Life might or might not exist on Mars. If there are critters there, they might or might not be like bacteria on Earth. In laboratory conditions, scientists in 2001 were able to get
one-celled organisms to incorporate an amino acid---a fundamental building block of
life---that no other known life uses. The discovery borders on the creation of artificial life, experts said. It also suggests that ET might operate by entirely different rules than those we’re used to.
If life on Mars is fundamentally different from what scientists understand life to be, then current spacecraft and others in the works may well not recognize what’s right under their mechanical noses.
46. According to the text, we human beings are arrogant because
[A] we can send robots to Mars.
[B]we are searching ET in the outer space.
[C] we assume that life is all humanlike.
[D] we believe we are the most intelligent life.
47. According to Kenneth Nealson, scientists’ current approach to finding life is
[A] limited. [B]costly. [C] centralized. [D] earthly.
48. Nealson’s team’s discovery of extreme cases of life on Earth suggests that
[A] there might be life on Mars that still remains dormant.
[B]there might be ET in the universe that is like human beings.
[C] there might be life that is beyond the range of our current search.
[D] there might be ET elsewhere in the universe that does not require water.
49. The purpose of the author mentioning scientists’ laboratory creation in 2001 is to emphasize the idea that
[A] it is hard to imagine what ET is really like.
[B]life might or might not exist on Mars.
[C] it is possible to create artificial life.
[D] Martians may live by entirely different rules.
50. What is the best title of the text?
[A] Does Mars Harbor Life?
[B]If We Find ET, Will We Know It?
[C] Will the Twin Robots Live Up to Us?
[D] Why Search ET As We Don’t Know It?
Passage4
The announcement by South Korean scientists that they had created human embryos by cloning and extracted embryonic stem cells has raised concerns around the world.
The technique, scientists at Seoul National University said, was not designed to make babies but to further the process known as therapeutic cloning, a possible treatment for a multitude of diseases.
Advances in stem-cell technology have been hailed as holding potential cures for many crippling illnesses, such as diabetes, spinal cord injuries and Parkinson’s disease. According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, stem cells can be manipulated by scientists to develop into many other human cells. But opponents say using embryos, even ones just several minutes old, is destroying a human life. Embryos are destroyed when stem cells are removed.
Although cloning may be technically possible, the moral issues will be the great dilemma, said Arthur Kaplan, med ical ethicist and director of the University of Pennsylvania’s Center for Bioethics. “I think the big question is: If you make this kind of thing in a dish, have you created a human life?” Kaplan said. “Can you make something that people have strong moral views about in terms of destroying it, in order to benefit other people? And that’s going to be the key debate”.
Kaplan said splitting the debate into two issues---cloning for making babies and cloning for research purposes---would help in making sensible policy. But may people believe all such experiments should be banned---both in the United States and around the world.
Last year, a ban on human cloning passed the U.S. House of Representatives but failed to get approval by the Senate over questions of whether cloning for research purposes could be allowed. The United Nations decided at the end of last year to delay any decision on a human cloning ban for two years.
“Reports of human cloning experiments undertaken in South Korea underscore the need for a co mprehensive national and international ban on all human cloning.” U.S. Senator Sam Brownback, a Kansas Republican, said in a statement. “Human cloning is wrong. It treats the youngest of humans as mere property and should be banned.”
Some ethicists agreed. “Controversy continues to swirl around killing even long-abandoned human embryos for research”. John Kilner. President of the Chicago-based Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity, told Reuters. “The South Korean experiment disturbingly goes significantly further. It produces human embryos for the explicit purpose of fatally mining them to obtain bodily materials for experimental purposes.”
However, groups calling for cures for specific diseases disagree, arguing that human embryos are destroyed daily in fertility clinics, in abortions and in natural miscarriages.
51. The main idea of the text is
[A] South Korea has made a new breakthrough in cloning technology.
[B]clone report by South Korean scientists sparks fresh debate.
[C] Sou th Korea’s research in human cloning meets oppositions of other countries.
[D] Advances in stem-cell technology make it possible to apply cloning in actual therapies.
52. Arthur Kaplan implies that
[A] cloning can be used as a possible treatment for crippling illnesses.
[B]no life should be destroyed in order to benefit other people.
[C] human cloning and therapeutic cloning should be differentiated when making policy.
[D] all cloning experiments should be banned around the world.
53. Which of the following statements is not true?
[A] The US House of Representatives agreed to ban human cloning,
[B]The US Senate disapproved a ban on cloning for research purposes.
[C] The UN has decided to ban human cloning but will not impose it in the following two year.
[D] The UN will not decide whether or not to ban human cloning in the following two years.
54. The word “underscore” in Line 1, Paragraph 7 most probably means
[A] underline. [B]underlie. [C] undermine. [D] understate.
55. Which of the following is an argument of the proponents of human cloning?
[A] Using a laboratory created embryo for research is not destroying a life.
[B]Cloning human embryos may benefit those who have lost their children.
[C] A ban on human cloning failed to get approval by the US Senate.
[D] Human embryos are destroyed daily in many other ways other than cloning. Passage 5
Comcast, a cable-TV company, last week launched a hostile takeover bid for The Walt Disney Company, arguably America’s best-known entertainment company. Comcast is taking advantage of a particularly weak point in Disney’s history. Last month Disney’s most important business partner, Pixar, an animation studio, abandoned it. At the end of last year, two board members, Roy Disney and Stanley Gold, resigned and started a campaign to oust Michael Eisner, Disney’s boss. On the day that Comcast announced its bid, Disney’s executives started an investor conference in Florida, an occasion they had counted on to boost the company and its share price. The share price did indeed jump. But this was thanks to Comcast’s bid, initially worth $66 billion, rather than to any of Disney’s business plans.
At its get-together with investors, the Disney high command behaved as if the Comcast bid had never happened. Indeed, the bidder’s name was barely mentioned, until Mr Eisner joked that “we’re buying Comcast” when asked about possible acquisitions. The D isney boss also argued against the sort of consolidation that media distributors like Comcast have pursued. Perhaps foreshadowing the arguments that Disney’s lobbyists will make in Washington, Mr Eisner said: “Concentration of distribution usually hurts th e small guy not the large player”.
Mr Eisner’s dismissal of Comcast’s approach was backed up by Disney’s board, which formally rejected the hostile bid on Monday February 16th and expressed confidence in Mr Eisner’s leadership. However, the board also said it would “consider any legitimate
proposal”. The problem was that Comcast’s all-share bid. Which by then had fallen in value to $60 billion, did not “refieet fully Disney’s intrinsic value and carnings prospects”.
Mr Eisner’s rejection of merger talks was“unfortunate”, Comcast argued in a letter to him. Because strategically the deal makes sense. Putting Comcast, which has 21m cable subscribers, together with Disney, wrote Brian Roberts, president and chief executive of Comcast, would unite its distribution power and technology know-how with Disney’s peerless content businesses. Although the jury remains out on whether vertical integration really delivers value, other companies have already pursued such a strategy. Rupert Murdock’s News Corp, for instance, has satellite distribution plus its Fox content businesses. Time Warner unites cable with a film studio and television programming
—as well as, thanks to its horribly bubbly merger with AOL in January 2000, the internet. But a merger between Comcast and Disney would create by far the biggest
vertically-integrated entertainment giant of them all, with a market capitalization of over $120 billion, says Comcast, compared with Time Warner’s current $78 billion. There are no obvious competition grounds for blocking the proposed deal, since Comcast and Disney mostly operate in different businesses. However, the sheer size of the proposed company has prompted regulators and politicians to insist that they will scrutinize it aggressively.
56. It can be inferred t hat Comcast’s timing for the bid is
[A] shrewd. [B]impulsive. [C] ridiculous. [D] audacious.
57. Mr. Eisner implies that the proposed merger of Comcast and Disney
[A] would benefit Comcast only.
[B]might do harm to Comcast.
[C] could hurt many small investors.
[D] might destroy Disney’s content business.
58. Disney dismissed Comcast’s bid mainly because
[A] its boss, Mr. Eisner is under attack for poor governance.
[B]the hostile bid caused Disney’s share price to plummet.
[C] Disney has already planned to acquire Comcast.
[D] Disney’s board doesn’t think the bid legitimate.
59. Rupert Murdock’s News Corp and Time Warner are mentioned to illustrate that
[A] Mr. Eisner’s rejection of Comcast’s bid was unfortunate.
[B]it is not sure whether vertical integration really delivers value.
[C] vertical integration has already been pursued by some companies.
[D] it strategically makes sense for the merge to create an entertainment giant.
60. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that regulators and politicians will
[A] spare no efforts to persuade Disney to reconsider Comcast’s bid.
[B]try their best to block the merger of Disney and Comcast.
[C] implement antitrust inspections if the deal is to be made.
[D] help create the biggest vertically-integrated entertainment giant
Passage 6
The issue of unemployment has loomed especially large in America in recent months. That is partly because there are presidential elections in November, and much will hinge on whether George Bush can convince voters that an apparently booming economy is producing jobs. A glance at the unemployment rate would seem to give him the answer he wants. The unemployment rate has fallen from a post-recession peak of 6.3% in June to 5.6% last month, though that is still higher than the 5.0% that many economists consider to be the “natural rte” of unemployment.
But the unemployment rate is, in fact, a poor measure of economic health. It is defined as the fraction of the people in the lab our force those who are actively seeking work and available for it who cannot find a job. And it relies on surveys to determine who is, in fact, actively seeking work rather than enjoying a spot of leisure. It is that subjectivity that makes the unemployment rate such a flawed statistic. A better question by far is how many people are employed ie, are being paid by someone for doing something, since this should be less subject to doubt.
Or so you might have thought, Yet there has been a fierce debate in
America recently over even this humble statistic. That is because the number employed in America is also still measured using surveys, and the two that are widely used tell different stories. One is taken of over 400,000 firms with formal payrolls. Another asks 60,000 households whether people in them are working. But both are hostage to the usual limitations of using small samples to estimate employment for the whole economy, though obviously to different degrees.
According to the household measure, nearly 139m Americans were in work in January, even more than had jobs at the height of the boom in March 2000. By the payroll measure, some 130m were in work—a fall of nearly 2% since employment peaked.
Left-leaning pundits naturally prefer the payroll survey. The Bush administration and its friends prefer the household version. Still, even the latter’s figures would make job growth in the current economy recovery anaemic by historical standards.
Concerns over employment data are not just an American problem. According to a recent report from Barclays Capital, Germany’s employment statistics may be overstating the numbers of self-employed because of a government initiative to subsidise previously unemployed workers in starting their own business. Combined with other shenanigans, this may produce an army of “hidden unemployed” of 1.4m, estimates the report, some 30% more than the number of officially unemployed.
61. The author implies that the fall of the unemployment rate
[A] promises greater chances for George Bush to win the election.
[B]may well convince the voters that the economy is booming.
[C] does not necessarily reflect that the economy is becoming healthier.
[D] the “natural rate” of unemployment is likely to be attained soon.
62. The major flaw in the unemployment rate statistic is that
[A] the statistic is based on unclear definition.
[B]the statistic relies on subjective surveys.
[C] the statistic is calculated in a wrong way.
[D] the statistic is not convincing to economists.
63. The author thinks that the statistics about how many people are employed are
[A] better indicators of economic health.
[B]less doubtful than the unemployment statistic.
[C] inconsistent and imprecise.
[D] objective and widely used.
64. It can be inferred that the Bush administration prefer the household survey because
[A] it indicates a growth in employment.
[B]it better reflects the current economic recovery.
[C] the payroll measure uses a smaller sample.
[D] the payroll measure indicates a fall in people’s income.
65. One of the reasons for Germany to produce the “hidden unemployed” is that
[A] the government wants to lower the unemployment rate.
[B] the government is ignorant of their employment status.
[C] the government wants to help them to start their own business.
[D] the government wants to evade offering them the subsidy.
Part ⅣTranslation (10 points)
？Directions:
You are required to translate five sentences from English into Chinese. Read the following short passage carefully and ONLY translate the five sentences that are underlined. Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. (66) Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of green space in the urban environment is a first step on the right way. (67) This does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of green space in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of green space facilities.
(68) The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home. However, there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. (69) We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house.
(70) The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.
Part ⅤWriting (20 points)
Directions:
In this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic “Calamity Brings Out One’s Best Qualities” in about 200 words.
中央民族大学美术学院少数民族艺术专业考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真 一、专业的设置 中央民族大学美术学院每年招收博士生3人，下设少数民族艺术专业，共3名导师高润喜、钟志金、殷会利。 二、招生专业、人数及考试科目 招生专业中国少数民族艺术 本专业备注 招生导师(或导师 组) 研究方向考试科目导师备注 高润喜少数民族艺术①1001英语②2025美术理论 ③3028速写 拟招收普通计划生1人 钟志金少数民族艺术①1001英语②2025美术理论 ③3028速写 拟招收普通计划生1人 少数民族骨干计划 招生专业中国少数民族艺术 本专业备注 招生导师(或导师组)研究方向考试科目导师备注 殷会利少数民族艺 术 ①1001英语②2025美术理论 ③3028速写 拟招收少数民族骨干计划生1人 骨干计划考生的定向生源省区： 内蒙古、湖北、河北、其它类、 广西 三、导师介绍 高润喜：1982年以优异成绩毕业于中央美术学院中国画系，同年执教于中央民族学院美术系至今，现为美术学院副院长、教授、教授委员会副主任。 钟志金：中央民族大学美术学院教授（三级），博士生导师（服装设计研究方向硕士生导师组组长）指导学生课堂设计作品在全国专业赛事中三次获金奖；兼任中国少数民族美术促进会副会长，中国流行色协会理事；中国美术家协会会员。艺术成就曾获北京市政府表彰，获中国美协与民族美术促进会授予杰出民族美术家称号。 殷会利：中央民族大学副校长，教授。中国美术家协会民族美术艺委会主任。
民族美术专业博导。 育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。 四、参考书目（推荐） 专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容： 第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。 第二，专题信息汇总整理。每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。最后一方面是专业前沿问题。每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。 第三，专业真题及解析。专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。 第四，导师的信息。导师的著作、研究方向、研究课题、近期发表的论文及研究成果，另外就是为研究生们上课所用的课件笔记和讨论的话题。这些都有可能成为初复试出题的考察重点。同时这些信息也是我们选择导师的时候的参照依据，当然选择导师是一个综合性的问题，还应当考虑到导师的研究水平、课题能力、对待学生的态度和福利等等。 第五，时事热点话题分析。博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生
2020年中央民族大学翻译硕士考研总体要求及考研笔记 换种思路，这篇文章其实“大有可为”，必要的时候可以拔高，但不要“喊口号”就好。首先说一下故事梗概，指明孕妇的错误行为；第二分析孕妇和那名乘客的心理，思考为什么没有他人为孕妇让座？为什么这名乘客要成为让座事件的“替罪羊”？第三以小见大，说明道德、法治在社会生活中的绝对重要性，强调人人都应知法守法，侵害他人的权利不仅是道德问题，更是法律问题，需要引起全社会的重视。在论述上述问题的过程中，作者还可以加入其他例证来佐证自己的观点。 这里再举一个“没话可写”的例子，当然所谓“没话”不是一句写不出来，而是搜肠刮肚，半天也写不出几句话来，生拉硬凑地拼成了一篇文章，文章的主题是“关爱老年人”：开篇：随着中国经济的发展（瞧瞧这“模板劲”哎），中国社会进入老龄化阶段。老年人的数量越来越多，需要的服务和关照越来越多，但社会显然没有做好这一点，因此我们看到不少老年人生活状况令人堪忧，甚至遭遗弃、虐待等恶性事件（提醒这位同学，后面是要批判社会还是要摆明问题，注意重点）。因此我们必须关爱老年人。 中篇：关爱老年人应该从小事做起，比如……（想什么例子好呢？）到敬老院看望老人，给家中的老人讲讲故事，说说笑话，让他们感到温暖；比如给他们添置一些辅具，让他们的生活起居更方便；比如……（实在是想不起来了，那就先写这么多吧）。 末篇：我们一定要关爱老年人，因为老年人为社会做了很大贡献，他们在晚年时理应受到全社会的尊重和关爱，那就让我们现在开始关爱老年人，从一点一滴的事情做起吧（口号式呼告） 这名同学真的是除了“一点一滴”外不知道写什么了，讲来讲去就是那么几条措施，为什么？“关爱老年人”“老龄化”这样老生常谈的问题基本上都可以写一本大部头的书，为什么我们的同学写一篇文章都这么费事呢？除了平日不关注社会热点，素材积累不够之外，没有形成清晰的大纲也是重要原因。 要为这篇文章建立大纲，其实不难：第一点名中国社会已经入老龄化阶段，并且这一进程还在不断加快；第二可以说老龄化给社会带来了巨大压力，而由于物质的、精神的各方面措施的不到位、不完善，让老年人的生活、娱乐、赡养等出现了脱节，甚至产生了一些严重问题；第三说要关爱老年人，除了国家层面制定政策外，社会各界都要把关爱老年人作为一项重要工作，特别是从小事做起，身体力行的开展关爱老年人的相关行动；第四作结，提出在国家出台的一系列政策和社会各界持续关爱老年人的行动下，老年人一定能够在晚年活出
中央民族大学中国少数民族教育专业苏德民族地区学校教育研究考博参考书-考博分数 线-专业课真题 一、专业的设置 中央民族大学教育学院每年招收博士生8人，下设中国少数民族教育专业，分为8个方向，常永才的民族文化心理与教育研究；董艳的语言文化与教育；曲木铁西的文化多样性与教育；史大胜的民族学前教育；苏德的民族地区学校教育研究；吴明海的少数民族教育的历史与发展研究；滕星的教育人类学；张俊豪的民族高等教育管理。 二、招生专业、人数及考试科目 招生专业★中国少数民族教育 本专业备注 招生导师（或 导师组） 研究方向考试科目导师备注 苏德 民族地区学校教育 研究①1001英语或1002俄语或1003日语②2014民 族学与教育学③3016民族教育学 拟招收普通计划生1人 三、导师介绍 苏德毕力格，简称苏德，1961年生，男，蒙古族，博士，教授，博士生导师，中共党员，现任中央民族大学教育学院院长、民族教育研究所所长、中央民族大学学术委员会委员。 育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。 四、参考书目（推荐） 专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容： 第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。另外，
2018首都师范大学音乐学院考研复试通知复试时间复试分数线复试 经验 启道考研网快讯：2018年考研复试即将开始，启道教育小编根据根据考生需要，整理2017年首都师范大学音乐学院考研复试细则，仅供参考： 一、复试科目（启道考研复试辅导班）
05琵琶全日制同上06古筝全日制同上07扬琴全日制同上08小提琴全日制同上09竹笛全日制同上10二胡全日制同上11笙全日制同上12单簧管全日制同上
二、复试通知（启道考研复试辅导班） 一、复试录取工作办法 （一）复试时间及地点 复试时间为 2017 年 3 月 25 日至 29 日，复试地点为首都师范大学，具体复试时间和地点见分院系复试录取工作方案。
（二）参加复试的考生范围 所有符合我校 2017 年硕士研究生一志愿考生进入复试初试成绩基本要求的一志愿考生，通过中国研究生招生信息网调剂系统接到我校复试通知的调剂考生。我校不再另发放复试通知书。 （三）招生计划和复试比例 1、我校 2017 年分专业拟招生计划见院系复试录取工作方案。在复试录取过程中，学校和学院会根据各专业生源质量状况，对前期制订的分专业拟招生计划进行适当调整。 2、我校 2017 年硕士研究生复试采取差额复试办法。 （四）复试考核方式及复试成绩计算办法 我校复试成绩采用百分制，为复试各项考核成绩之和，复试各项内容考核方式及所占比例见各院系复试录取工作方案。 （五）录取成绩计算办法和录取办法 我校严格遵循择优录取、宁缺毋滥、“公平、公正、公开”的录取原则。具体录取成绩计算办法和录取办法见各院系复试录取工作方案。 （六）破格复试的原则和条件 对初试公共科目成绩略低于 A 类考生《全国初试成绩基本要求》，但专业科目成绩特别优异或在科研创新方面具有突出表现的考生，可允许其破格参加第一志愿报考单位第一志愿专业复试，具体要求如下： 1、合格生源充足的专业，原则上不得破格复试。 2、自行划定复试分数线的专业不得破格复试。 3、考生总成绩应在本专业中相对名列前茅，统考政治或外语在 5 分之内。总成绩或业务课成绩不符合初试成绩基本要求的不得破格复试。 4、破格复试考生数不超过本单位招生规模的 3%。 5、不得跨专业破格复试，调剂考生不得破格复试。 6、专业内按成绩顺序选择破格考生。 （七）调剂工作原则 1、报考学术型专业的考生可以调入专业学位相关专业，但报考专业学位专业的考生不能调入学术型专业。
民大考博辅导班：2019中央民族大学民族政治学考博难度解析及经 验分享 根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，全国共有19所开设了政治学专业的大学参与了排名，其中排名第一的是华中科技大学，排名第二的是中央民族大学，排名第三的是西南大学。 作为中央民族大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，民族学与社会学学院的民族政治学一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第二。 下面是启道考博辅导班整理的关于中央民族大学民族政治学考博相关内容。 一、专业介绍 民族政治学专业以研究国际学术界形成的有关民族主义问题的各种基本概念，以及我们应该如何解释与应用，民族主义思想史，梳理各种理论流派，在民族主义运动的作用下，世界民族格局的演变、存在状况与相互关系，着重探讨多民族国家内部民族关系的善治之道。 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院的民族政治学专业在博士招生方面，划分为6个研究方向： (0304Z5)★民族政治学 研究方向：1.族裔政治、多民族国家治理2.世界民族问题3.多民族国家治理4.民族问题与国际关系 二、考试内容 中央民族大学民族政治学专业博士研究生招生包括初试和复试。 （一）准考证下载：进入综合考核的考生可于考试前一周登录中央民族大学招生考务管理平台（https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69731086.html,/zsxt）自行下载打印《准考证》。 （二）考核日期：2019年3月30-31日。 （三）考核地点：具体考场见准考证。 （四）考核内容：笔试和面试。 笔试按照专业统一组织，由民族学（含人类学）、社会学（含民俗学）、民族理论与政策（含民族政治学）三个专业方向的博士研究生招生工作小组负责命题及评卷工作，主要考察考生的专业基础知识和科研能力素养，笔试结束按照规定时间向学院提交成绩、试卷等考试材料。
中央民族大学毕业证样本学位证样本历任校（院）长学校代码 中央民族大学简介 中央民族大学（外文名：Minzu university of China )简称：MUC，民大；是中国少数民族教育的最高学府，不少中国少数民族高级人才学成于此。 中央民族大学院系设置 学校院系设置有；少数民族语言文学学院、藏学研究院、经济学院、管理学院、法学院、马克思主义学院、文学与新闻传播学院、哲学与宗教学学院、历史文化学院、教育学院、外国语学院、生命与环境科学学院、理学院、信息工程学院、美术学院、舞蹈学院、音乐学院、体育学院、中国少数民族传统医学研究院、继续教育学院。 中央民族大学的特色专业 学校设置有特色专业；民族语言学、电脑语言学、民族文学、壮泰语言文化、彝缅语言文化、社会工作专业、社会学专业、民族学专业............。 中央民族大学的学校前沿介绍
学校前沿是1941年9月成立的延安民族学院，1951年6月由延安民族学院改名为中央民族学院，1993年11月由中央民族学院改名为中央民族大学。 中央民族大学的学校代码及毕业证编号 学校国际代码；10052 毕业证编号生成原理如下：前5位为学校国际代码，6位为教学类型代码普通高等教育为1；博士为2；硕士为3；学士为4；成人高等教育为5；高等教育学历文凭考试为6；网络教育为7。7-10位：为颁证年份. 11-12位：为培养层次代码：博士研究生01；硕士研究生02；学士学位04；本科05；专科（含高职）06 ,13-17或18位：为学校对毕业证书的流水编号。 电子注册号示例如下：2003年的本科14308 1 2003 05 00XXXX 2006年专科：14308 1 2006 06 00XXXX 中央民族大学历任校（院）长 学校有历任院长；陈理：2009年；现在，任中央民族大学校长，鄂义太：2005年；2009年，任中央民族大学校长，荣仕星：1999年12月；2005年1月，任中央民族大学校长，哈经雄：1992年；1999年，任中央民族大学校长；任中央民族学院院长，任世琦：1985年；1992年，任中央民族学院院长。
没有谁的考研之路是一路平坦的，今天和小伙伴们介绍下考研的相关复习经验和参考书。 首先英语，在暑假之前将单词背了2遍，推荐《一本单词》，然后做真题之前把长难句搞定了!长难句是基础，必须啃透!我是看的蛋核英语的课程，还不错，就是得倍速看。 暑期阅读开始05年的，用的《木糖英语真题手译版》真题。方法跟暑假前一样，只不过暑期你是心无旁骛的学习，必须一天或一天半一篇。05-15年真题44篇阅读，做到九月中旬之前按照上述方法做一遍!将长难句分析带入进去! 九月中旬之后开始05年阅读第二遍，一天一篇，大概2-3小时一篇，10月底你就完成了。做法:第一步仍然是自己独立做一遍，明白为什么选为什么不选，如果渐入佳境就规定自己在18-20分钟完成一篇；第二步对照解析看、分析，把握解题思路，看不懂的再去看视频解析；第三步，我会把自己做错的题抄到一个专门的本子上，写上这是属于什么题型，正确选项的来源句，自己的错误答案以及为什么会选错等等，为后期复习做准备。 进入十一月，复习已接近尾声，此时又要加入很多别的东西，英语阅读的时间要有所缩短。我在这个时候原本计划是看第二遍的错题，但是发现这个方法对我而言没什么用。我就另外去买了一套真题又开始刷，这个时候我先统计我错的最多的年份，从错的最多的开始做，一天一篇，基本上是做完可以直接对答案的速度，一篇一个小时足以搞定。(在刷真题的时候我也一直在看错题)我一直刷到十二月时间特别紧才没刷英语阅读了。 模拟我是留了四套卷子模拟的。第一套在十月初，给自己测测底，只模拟阅读，4篇阅读75分钟。第二套在十月底，除了作文不写。第三套在十一月下旬，全部题型模拟。第四套在至少考前半个月，全部题型模拟。模拟完之后不是就可以扔一边了!!!也不要立即去对答案，可以让同学帮你对，告诉你错了几个!一定一定要认认真真地去分析每一篇阅读!!我所有的模拟包括专业课和政治都是找 一个没人的教室，按照考试时间进行模拟的。还有时可以每天中午吃饭的时候看看木糖英语公众号、蛋核英语公众号里的每日推文，看了不会后悔的。 政治我只买过李凡老师《政治新时器》系列书，对我而言非常适用，我都没有用大纲。
关于2012年（春季学期）研究生 学位论文答辩及学位授予工作的通知 各研究生培养单位： 为了确保我校研究生学位论文答辩工作顺利进行，现将2012年（春季学期）学位论文答辩及学位授予相关工作的日程安排和相关要求通知如下： 一、学位论文答辩的程序及学位授予工作的日程安排 2012年（春季学期）研究生学位论文答辩申请、论文评阅（含匿名评审）、论文答辩以及学位授予等工作的相关程序及日程安排见附件一、二。 二、申请主体及推迟或提前答辩 2012年（春季学期）参加学位论文答辩的主体是应届硕士、博士研究生，以及往届申请推迟答辩的研究生（本通知所称“研究生”不包括同等学力人员，同等学力人员申请硕士学位见其他通知）。凡申请提前答辩的，须符合我校关于提前答辩的相关规定，在填写《中央民族大学学历研究生学位资格审核及论文答辩申请表》（或《中央民族大学专业硕士学位论文答辩申请表》）并通过毕业资格和学位资格审核后，方能按照相关规定进行学位论文答辩。 无法按时完成学位论文但已通过毕业资格和学位资格审核的研究生，须在2012年3月16日前申请推迟答辩，并将所填写的《中央民族大学研究生推迟答辩申请表》交校学位办审核，经批准后，再办理相关事宜。 三、其他 为进一步规范我校学位论文答辩及学位授予工作的相关环节，关于学位论文撰写及答辩委员会组成等的具体要求请参照《中央民族大学学位授予工作细则》、匿名评审格式要求、研究生学位论文格式及模板等相关规定，并请各院系务必严格遵照以上各项要求督促有关人员按时完成各项工作。 通知（包括附件）中所涉表格及其他文档材料均可从校学位办网页下载。 中央民族大学学位办网址：https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69731086.html,/xuewei/index.asp 凡上报材料，包括论文以及从网上自行下载的各类表格，均须用A4纸双面打印，力求环保。 未尽事宜，由校学位办负责解释。校学位办电话：68933919。 中央民族大学学位办公室 2011年12月9日
民大考博辅导班：2019中央民族大学美术学学院考博难度解析及经 验分享 中央民族大学是国家重点大学，是我国民族高等教育的最高学府。我校在相继进入“211工程”、“985工程”建设高校后，2017年进入国家“双一流”建设A类高校行列。学校现有25个学院，5个国家一级学科博士学位授权点，下设42个二级学科博士专业，27个国家一级学科硕士学位授权点，17个专业学位授权点，124个二级学科硕士学位授权点，有国家级重点学科3个，省部级重点学科22个。 2019年，我校有普通招考、申请—审核制、硕博连读三种招生选拔方式，部分导师招收硕博连读考生，具体以我校2019年博士研究生招生专业目录为准。 下面是启道考博辅导班整理的关于中央民族大学美术学院考博相关内容。 一、院系简介 中央民族大学美术学院是国家少数民族艺术重点学科基地，也是国家“211工程”、“985工程”建设的重点学科，经过五十六年的发展，现已成为培养各民族高级美术专业人才的教育基地。 学院设有中国画、油画、美术教育、视觉传达设计、服装与服饰设计、环境设计、影像设计七个系，七个专业方向，1985年学院开始招收硕士研究生；2001年招收博士研究生。学院还建有一批专业工作室。 近三年来美术学院和中国美术家协会等筹办了在中国美术馆隆重举行的“天山南北-中国美术作品展”“浩瀚草原-中国美术作品展”和“七彩云南多彩贵州中国美术作品展”学院还与民族出版社创办了《中国民族美术》杂志，中国少数民族美术创作、教学及研究，民族文化的传承保护等有了自已的学术平台。 美术学院注重本科教育，积累了丰富的教学经验，形成了许多自己的教学特色。学院重视基本功训练，强调深入到少数民族地区体验生活。多年来，美术学院秉承严谨的学风和严格的管理制度，尊重美术教学的规律，注重对学生素质和创造能力的培养，已为国家培养大批优秀的毕业生，他们在全国各地成为各民族美术创作和教育事业的重要力量。仅近两年我院培养的本科生、研究生先后就有几十位在全国美展及其它一些重大展览、设计比赛中荣获重要奖项。 二、招生信息
2011年6月1日，中国校友会网发布《2011中国大学星级评价报告》，在最新发布的“2011中国大学星级排名”中，来自中国两岸四地的北京大学、清华大学、香港大学和台湾大学等4所大学荣膺2011年中国六星级大学；复旦大学、浙江大学、香港中文大学、香港科技大学、台湾成功大学和台湾清华大学等两岸四地29所大学入选2011年中国五星级大学。最引人关注的是，中国校友会网还同时发布了“2011中国大学全球亿万富豪校友榜”，榜单显示，台湾大学造就9名全球亿万富豪，雄居中国两岸四地大学首位，勇夺中 国“全球亿万富豪摇篮”桂冠。 中国校友会网“2011中国大学星级排名”今年是第2次发布，是对中国大学办学成就与办学水平的分级评价，今年首次将中国香港、澳门和台湾地区高校纳入排名，这是我国首个面向中国两岸四地的大学排行榜。今年还首次发布“2011中国一流大学”名单，两岸四地35所大学入围。在报告公布的星级排名中，台湾辅仁大学和台湾长庚大学入选“中国五星级大学”；台湾元智大学、台湾东吴大学、台湾淡江大学、台湾中原大学、高雄医学大学、香港树仁大学和台湾东海大学等私立大学入选“中国四星级大学”。华中科技大学武昌分校、北京师范大学珠海分校、浙江大学城市学院、华中科技大学文华学院、北京城市学院、仰恩大学、湖南涉外经济学院和南昌理工学院等民办高校入选中国五星级民办大学。 暨南大学、香港浸会大学、澳门理工学院和台湾师范大学等入选中国三星级大学在中国校友会网“2011年中国大学星级排名”中，“三星级大学(★★★)”是中国知名、中国区域一流大学，共有来自我国两岸四地（中国大陆、香港、澳门和台湾）的73所高校入选2011年中国三星级大学名单。其中，在综合研究类院校中，暨南大学、西南大学、华中农业大学、湖南师范大学、南京航空航天大学、首都医科大学、中央财经大学、西南政法大学、台湾师范大学、香港浸会大学、澳门理工学院和台北科技大学等56所大学入选2011年中国三星级大学大学。在艺术体育类院中，四川音乐学院、天津音乐学院、星海音乐学院、武汉音乐学院、香港影视传媒学院、台北艺术大学和台南艺术大学等17所大学入选 2011年中国三星级大学大学。 中国校友会网2011年中国三星级大学名单 “三星级大学”是中国知名、中国区域一流大学 在中国校友会网“2011中国大学星级排名”中，入选综合研究类的“中国三星级大学是目前中国两岸四地各区域内综合实力和办学水平最高的研究型大学。中国校友会网大学评价课题组首席专家、云南师范大学冯用军博士分析指出，入选“三星级”的大学均是“中国知名、中国区域一流大学”，在国内和各区域有较高知名度、较受广大学生欢迎，是中国各区域创建“中国高水平大学”的生力军。
中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades,some10million smokers went to early graves. There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences,enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.The president of the National Academy,Bruce Alberts,added this key point in the preface to the panel's report“Science never has all the answers.But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking,voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete,that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.This is a dangerous game:by the 100percent of the evidence is in,it may be too late.With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately,the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously.Instead of a plan of action,they
今天有时间和大家唠唠嗑。 我开始复习政治时候，复习前期我每天花一小时看政治，最后一个月冲刺每天分配给政治三小时。并没有放太多精力在政治上，所以最后分数我还是满意的。九月份，每天看《政治新时器》，完成模拟题题对应章节的练习，每学完一章，就梳理该章的知识框架、回顾整理错题；十月份，做完历年真题的选择题部分，对照错题解析查漏补缺，月末又回过头把真题的错题重做了一遍；十一月，开始看真题简答题的解题思路， 我听取上上一届一个学长的经验，只看一套教材——李凡的全套。李凡的已经很全了，完全没有必要再去看其他教材，他的教材是按照时间顺序不同依次出的，所以，什么时间看什么教材，怎样看，你就完全跟着他走就行。政治很多人都说不用很早看，10月份开始就行，我强烈反对这种观点，政治一定要早看，因为政治很大分值都是选择题，单选还好说，多选异常痛苦，错一个就是全错。为此你需要扎实的基础，每个知识点你得照顾到，为此，我十分相信“赢选择题者赢天下”，选择题是最最拉分的，后面大题大家基本上都大同小异，分数差距不大，我一个去年政治考了89的学姐选择题只错了一个。 那么，想要选择题保持低错误率，你只有花大量时间看书，记忆，怎么记忆？靠的是一遍又一遍的重复，如果你十月份开始复习，重复看书根本是不可能的，你看完一遍就不错了。所以，我建议，最先开始的一定是政治，把政治新时器，反复看，吃透，选择题没有必要铺天盖地记忆，最重要的是理解，在理解基础上再看书，并加以必要的选择题练习，把选择题拿下，政治你基本上就成功了。总之，选择题的答题技巧是多看书，多翻书，早复习，基础巩固扎实。大题的做题技巧是该背的一定要背熟，灵活运用，政治就一定可以得高分 总结： 1. 选择题占大头，可以花点时间刷题，得选择题者得天下；2.简答题要分点答题，答案注重条理性，突出踩分的知识点！ 英语翻译基础 《中式英语之鉴》+《英汉翻译简明教程》+《英语笔译实务3级教材-配套训练》+《英语笔译实务3级》+《英语文摘》，推荐英语文摘，每天保证2篇的翻译，把好的句子记下来，翻译的时候你会觉得时间特别快，边翻译边记，一会一上午就过去了，我整个三到四月都在干这个。
民大考博辅导班：2019中央民族大学民俗学考博难度解析及经验分 享 根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，在 2018-2019年民俗学专业学校排名中，排名第一的是北京师范大学，排名第二的是中央民族大学，排名第三的是中国人民大学。 作为中央民族大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，民族学与社会学学院的民俗学一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第二。 下面是启道考博辅导班整理的关于中央民族大学民俗学考博相关内容。 一、专业介绍 民俗学专业是在社会学一级学科下的二级学科，它与人类学、民族学、社会学均有较密切的关系。该学科主要是针对信仰、风俗、口传文学、传统文化及思考模式进行研究，来阐明这些民俗现象在时空中流变的意义。民俗学与发生在我们周围的各种生活现象息息相关。它以以科学的态度，对历史与当代的民俗事象，进行调查、收集、整理、描述、分析和论证，探求它的本质结构、特点与社会功能，揭示其发生、发展、传承、演变、消亡的规律，为人类社会的健康发展服务。 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院的民俗学专业在博士招生方面，划分为3个研究方向： (030304)民俗学 研究方向：1.非物质文化遗产、民俗学2.少数民族民俗文化研究3.民间文艺学；都市民俗、中国传统节日 二、考试内容 中央民族大学民俗学专业博士研究生招生包括初试和复试。 （一）准考证下载：进入综合考核的考生可于考试前一周登录中央民族大学招生考务管理平台（https://www.doczj.com/doc/f69731086.html,/zsxt）自行下载打印《准考证》。 （二）考核日期：2019年3月30-31日。 （三）考核地点：具体考场见准考证。 （四）考核内容：笔试和面试。 笔试按照专业统一组织，由民族学（含人类学）、社会学（含民俗学）、民族理论与政
民大考博辅导班：2019中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院考博难度 解析及经验分享 根据《中央民族大学博士研究生“申请—审核制”招生实施办法（试行）》和《中央民族大学2019年博士研究生招生简章》，本院将于2019年起开展博士研究生招生“申请—审核制”试点工作。为规范此项工作，特制定本实施细则。 下面是启道考博辅导班整理的关于中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院考博相关内容。 一、院系简介 民族学与社会学学院的前身是中央民族学院研究部。1952年，全国高等院校进行调整，原燕京大学、清华大学、北京大学、中山大学、厦门大学、北平研究院等单位从事民族学、社会学、人类学、民族史和民族语言等方面研究的权威学者，大多集中到了中央民族学院,建立了研究部。研究部是新中国创建最早的民族学教学与研究中心，也是当时中国顶尖的民族学家、社会学家、民族史学家和人类学家最集中的地方，如翁独健、潘光旦、吴文藻、闻宥、翦伯赞、杨成志、费孝通、林耀华、冯家升、傅乐焕、汪明瑀、王钟翰、陈永龄、宋蜀华等都在研究部工作。 民族学与社会学学院拥有雄厚的师资和研究队伍，综合实力一直处于国内民族学和人类学的首席地位，在国际民族学、人类学界也有广泛的联系和影响。现有专任教师55人。其中教授24人、副教授18人。具有博士学位48人。博士生导师21人。教师中绝大多数都有在国外学习、研究的经历。有三分之一的教员可用外语教学。教师中1人获“高等学校国家级教学名师奖”并入选“国家高层次人才特殊支持计划”（“万人计划”）首批教学名师；２人获“高等学校北京市教学名师奖”；３人列入教育部“跨世纪优秀人才培养基金”和国家“百千万人才工程”；２人获得国家民委突出贡献奖；10人入选“教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划”；２人获“北京市师德先进个人”。2012年教育部委托第三方评价机构进行的全国“985”高校本科专业在中国大学本科教育中的整体排名评估中，民族学、博物馆学、社会学三个本科专业分列全国排行榜的第一、第二和第六位。2012年教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心对全国具有研究生培养和学位授予资格的一级学科进行的整体水平评估中，民族学学科名列第一位，社会学学科名列第十位。 目前专业设置有4个本科专业（民族学、博物馆学、社会学、社会工作）；6个硕士学位点（民族学、人类学、考古学及博物馆学、社会学、民族社会学、人口学）；2个专业硕
中央民族大学舞蹈学院2016年舞蹈专业型硕士研究生招生简章 一、培养目标 培养具有高水平艺术创作技能、艺术表演技能和系统专业知识、较强艺术理解力与表现力、能够胜任专业工作的高层次、应用型民族舞蹈创作、民族舞蹈表演、舞蹈教育人才。 二、报考条件 （一）报名参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件： 1、中华人民共和国公民。 2、拥护中国共产党的领导，品德良好，遵纪守法。 3、身体健康状况符合国家和招生单位规定的体检要求。 4、考生必须符合下列学历等条件之一： （1）国家承认学历的应届本科毕业生(录取当年9月1日前须取得国家承认的本科毕业证书。含普通高校、成人高校、普通高校举办的成人高等学历教育应届本科毕业生，及自学考试和网络教育届时可毕业本科生)。 （2）具有国家承认的大学本科毕业学历的人员。 （3）获得国家承认的高职高专毕业学历后满2年(从毕业后到录取当年9月1日，下同)或2年以上，达到与大学本科毕业生同等学力，且符合招生单位根据本单位的培养目标对考生提出的具体业务要求的人员。 （4）国家承认学历的本科结业生，按本科毕业生同等学力身份报考。 （5）已获硕士、博士学位的人员。 在校研究生报考须在报名前征得所在培养单位同意。 （二）报名参加艺术硕士专业学位硕士研究生招生考试的，按下列规定执行。 1、报名参加舞蹈专业学位硕士研究生舞蹈编导方向招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件：（1）符合第（一）条中的各项要求。 （2）报考的人员须具有一定舞蹈专业基础。掌握一定的中国民族民间舞蹈素材。 （3）具有编舞技法基础，具备一定的编舞能力和结构作品的能力，对舞蹈编导理论、舞蹈编创有所了解和认识。具有一定创作实践经验。 （4）掌握音乐基础乐理，对音乐作品有较好的鉴赏能力。 （5）对民族文化、风情习俗、文学、戏剧、美术等相关知识有一定了解和积累。 2、报名参加舞蹈专业学位硕士研究生中国民族民间舞蹈表演方向招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件： （1）符合第（一）条中的各项要求。 （2）在高校接受过系统的专业训练。对基本功技术技巧具有较强的把握能力。 （3）熟悉了解中国民族民间舞蹈对各民族舞蹈的风格韵律有较强的把握能力。 （4）具备舞蹈表演的基本条件，有较好的艺术素质，较强的表演欲望和表演能力。 3、报名参加舞蹈专业学位硕士研究生舞蹈教育方向招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件：
艺考生须知 校门外，出租车、私家车蜿蜒数百米，神龙见首不见尾；大楼前，上万人排成数列纵队报名交费，每个人都不时地踮起脚尖伸长脖子焦急地向前探望；操场上，数千人坐在马扎上，面对画板挥毫泼墨，任凭凛冽的寒风把鼻头吹得通红…… 没有经历过艺考的人很难想象天底下会有这种场景，更想不到的是，这种场景会在全国各个省份每年轮番上演。 这不，2010年元旦的日历尚未打开，各地的艺术高考便急吼吼地鸣锣登场了，校园里到处张贴着花花绿绿的广告：招生简章、培训须知、高考报名、身份验证……大有山雨欲来风满楼之势。 十二年寒窗苦读尾声接近，百万艺考大军即将出征。冬去春来，试看谁折蟾宫第一枝。 报名：“无限”和“有限” 政策解读 艺术类专业高考是普通高校招生全国统一测试的组成部分，报考者除了和参加普通高考的文理科类考生一起要在2010年6月份参加全国统一高考之外，还要提前参加艺术专业测试。文化课测试的报名时间和普通高等学校招生报名时间同步进行。艺术专业测试的报名工作都是提前进行，各省各院校的报名时间不尽相同，但不论什么时间，一般都在每年1月1日前完成。 专业测试的报名方式一般都是先在网上报名，测试时再到现场进行确认缴费。现场确认时需要出示相关证件的原件，交复印件等。 “无限”资格 按照教育部规定，凡是符合普通高校年度招生工作规定中报名条件者均可报考艺术院校或艺术专业。也就是说，只要是高中毕业或具有同等学力、身体健康的人员都可以报考。艺术的报考资格可以说是没有什么特别限制，跟高考的报考资格一样。 不能报考的人员跟高考一样共有五类：具有学历教育资格的高校在校生；高级中等教育学校非应届毕业的在校生；在高级中等教育阶段非应届毕业年份以弄虚作假手段报名并违规参加全国统考的应届毕业生；在上一年度参加全国统考中利用通讯工具作弊、由他人代替测试或代替他人测试等被认定为测试作弊行为情节严重的考生；因触犯刑法已被有关部门采取强制措施或正在服刑者。 “有限”专业 1.色觉障碍即色盲或色弱者，不能报考国画、油画、版画、摄影、动画、艺术设计等专业。 动画专业主要有游戏动画、网络动画、影视动画等不同的专业方向。 艺术设计包括十多种专业方向，每个方向又都有一定的独立性。例如广州美术学院的艺术设计专业就包括：建筑和环境艺术设计、装潢艺术设计、家具艺术设计、新媒介艺术设计、服装艺术设计、装饰艺术设计、染织艺术设计、陶瓷艺术设计、展示艺术设计等。 2.普通话不标准、发音器官和听力不正常者，不能报考播音和主持艺术专业。 播音和主持艺术专业是近年来的热门专业，虽然大部分招生院校并没有明确规定报考限制，但考生也应该清楚该专业所需要的最基本的条件：发音器官和听力健康、正常；口齿清晰，发音咬字不含混、不吃字，唇、舌、齿运用灵活有力；音质悦耳，嗓音圆润，有一定的明亮度和弹性，声音不干涩、不沙哑；具备透过语言文字表面，能感悟语言深层意蕴的能力，表达时能有感而发声情并茂；具有敏锐的思维能力和应变能力以及较好的形象和气质。 3.音乐类、舞蹈类、表演类、影视类专业对年龄有限制，一般要求22周岁或25周岁以下。
中央民族大学中国少数民族经济专业张丽君民族经济与区域发展战略研究考博参 考书考博分数线专业课真题 一、专业的设置 中央民族大学经济学院每年招收博士生12人，下设中国少数民族经济专业，分为11个方向，樊胜岳的民族地区资源开发与经济协调发展；黄健英的民族经济现代化研究；李克强的中国财政经济理论与民族地区财政政策研究；李澜、罗莉的西部大开发与民族地区经济发展战略研究；宋才发的民族地区经济法律制度研究；王文长的民族地区经济发展研究；谢丽霜的区域投融资与民族地区经济发展；杨思远的当代中国经济与少数民族经济理论研究；张丽君的民族经济与区域发展战略研究。 二、招生专业、人数及考试科目 招生专业中国少数民族经济 本专业备注 招生导师（或导 师组） 研究方向考试科目导师备注 张丽君 民族经济与区域发展战略 研究①1001英语或1002俄语或1003日语②2002理 论经济学③3002中国少数民族经济 拟招收普通计划生2人 三、导师介绍 张丽君:女，蒙古族，1964年12月26日生。法学博士、教授，研究生导师。师从著名经济学家、民族学家施正一教授。现任中央民族大学经济学院总支书记、副院长、少数民族经济研究所副所长、中国少数民族经济研究会副秘书长、中国少数民族经济专业博士联谊会秘书长等职务。 育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。 四、参考书目（推荐） 专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：
第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：八九叁，二肆壹，二二陆，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。 第二，专题信息汇总整理。每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。最后一方面是专业前沿问题。每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。 第三，专业真题及解析。专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。 第四，导师的信息。导师的著作、研究方向、研究课题、近期发表的论文及研究成果，另外就是为研究生们上课所用的课件笔记和讨论的话题。这些都有可能成为初复试出题的考察重点。同时这些信息也是我们选择导师的时候的参照依据，当然选择导师是一个综合性的问题，还应当考虑到导师的研究水平、课题能力、对待学生的态度和福利等等。 第五，时事热点话题分析。博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生运用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。近几年的真题中都会有联系实际的热点分析。所以考生在复习备考时就应单多阅读一些本专业本学科的最新研究方向研究成果，权威的期刊上面“大牛们”都在关心、探讨什么话题，以及一些时事热点问题能不能运用本专业的知识来加以解释解决。 五、中央民族大学考博英语复习指导 中央民族大学大学的考博英语满分100分，题型有如下：