What is Innovation?
Innovation is more than simply having a good idea. Innovation is about turning new ideas and concepts into something that will create value. Value can be commercial, social or organisational. Innovation is Not Just About Products
Innovation can occur in any aspect of your business. The four most common types of innovation are:
Product/service Innovation
You are probably most familiar with product/service innovation. It involves developing new products or services, enhancing existing products or services, and even technological innovation. GroundProbe, a Queensland company supplying precision measuring instruments to mines around the world, is an example of a company that has successfully used service innovation to enhance its innovative products.
GroundProbe
GroundProbe’s brand promise of ‘unique measuring systems’ implies innovation. GroundProbe started with a new application of radar technology – to detect movement in the slopes of mines. This was a significant product innovation. The company quickly discovered that customers
weren’t interested in the technology. They nee ded information that enables them to measure their risk better and they needed to be able to understand the information gathered. GroundProbe’s innovation focus progressed to market demand driven, developing a package of value-added services and new ways o f working to meet customer needs, strengthening the company’s competitive position and increasing revenues.
Process Innovation
Applying an innovation approach to improving operational processes in your business such as production line developments, financial systems or human resource management can give a competitive advantage. Using information and communications technology (ICT) can help to improve processes. Moriatis Fresh is an example of a company that has innovated in its supply and delivery processes.
Moriatis Fresh is an Australian company that supplies supermarkets, fruit markets and national restaurant chains. Moriatis identified the trend towards rising demands for fresher produce. By placing radio frequency identification tags on tomato trays, the company can track the origin, packing date, type, quality and size of the tons of tomatoes it ships every day. Because it knows the precise amount and quality of tomatoes in its supply chain at any point in time, the company can respond rapidly to retailer requests for a specific volume and grade of tomato. The company can tell its retail customers exactly when and where the produce was grown, packed and shipped, which is particularly important as the world works toward food traceability and safer food supply chains. Improved information also allows Moraitis to pay growers based on the actual quality and number of tomatoes received.
Marketing Innovation
Do you use an innovative approach in taking your products and services to market? Have you found innovative ways to increase your customer base in your current market or even find new markets for your offerings?
Marketing innovation centres around how you promote your offering, your pricing strategies, and the channels that you use to distribute your offering. In recent years the web has been the most significant innovation in marketing channels, offering whole new marketing systems, such as with https://www.doczj.com/doc/f73581884.html,. Furitechnics has taken an innovative approach to marketing its products. Furitechnics
Innovation is critical to the growth of Furitechnics, a Queensland company that designs and produces some of the best knives in the world. Breaking into a conservative, mature industry dominated by traditional European brands is a challenge. Furitechnics has secured a niche by applying a new skill set, mechanical engineering, to develop a revolutionary design, and by educating the industry.
Furitechnics has achieved considerable success in changing attitudes by sharing its unique knowledge about technical design with its professional cook target market. The company is involved with colleges, delivering training materials and converting them to use Furitechnics products.
Business Model Innovation
Business model innovation has the potential to offer the greatest competitive advantages for a business. Are there opportunities for innovation in the structure and/or financial model of your business? Business model innovation often involves structural changes and strategic partnerships. Some examples of Queensland businesses that have used business model innovations successfully are discussed below.
Collaboration with Clients
GroundProbe has developed formal strategic alliances with some of t he world’s leading mining companies, enabling critical insights into the future needs of mining companies and testing the viability of new ideas. This close connection with clients helps to reduce risk.
Collaboration with Distributors
Rinstrum, a Queensland company supplying sensitive weighing machines around the world, has developed a partnership with a US distributor with a complementary product line. This partner’s market research identified the opportunity to incorporate iPod technology into weighing instruments – a first for the weighing market.
Collaboration with Suppliers
Jaden Kanga, a Queensland company that invented the Kanga loader, encourages major suppliers to become business partners, working with the company to complement each others’ business. Jaden Kanga’s approach is that suppliers need to help them sell more loaders since supplier products are taken to market integrated in the loaders. Following this philosophy suppliers have contributed to the cost of marketing through motor racing sponsorship, which would otherwise not be affordable for Jaden Kanga
Innovation can be Incremental or Radical
Have you ever made improvements to existing technologies, processes, products or services? That’s incremental innovation and is the most common form of innovation today. However incremental innovation often produces incremental growth.
Radical innovation entails high uncertainty with high risks, and the potential, though not guaranteed, for high returns.
To illustrate the difference between incremental and radical innovation think about the camera industry. Kodak led the industry for years developing new and improved products based on traditional film. However these were all incremental innovations based on the same technology. The radical innovation in this industry was the development of digital imaging. This revolutionised the industry and the way people captured, stored and used images.
Incremental and radical innovation is compared in Table 1. Do you use these approaches in your business?
Table 1. Characteristics of Incremental and Radical Innovation
Innovation can be Closed or Open
In your business today you probably have access to more information that you can use. In your business you do not have to, and should not, rely on internal knowledge or research only. You can acquire (buy or licence) processes or inventions from other businesses. Also, inventions not being used internally by your business can be taken outside (sold, licensed, spin off, joint venture) to raise additional revenue.
The availability of information on the internet has been a catalyst for open innovation. In the past, most innovating businesses used closed innovation, keeping their discoveries highly secret and making no attempt to look for information from outside the business.
The thinking behind closed and open innovation is compared in Table 2. Do you use these approaches in your business?
Table 2. Closed and Open Innovation
Collaboration with Research Organisations
The innovative wastewater treatment company, Biolytix, uses open innovation in its research and new product development processes. Biolytix has developed a number of strategic alliances
to assist. These include links with two universities, partnerships and joint product development with large commercial organisations.
Is your company innovative?
You probably are alread y innovating in your business to be successful but haven’t really thought about it in these terms. Could your business be more innovative? Take the Innovation Navigator to find out just how innovative your business is and tips for becoming more innovative.
The Queensland Government’s SMART Small Business service has a Bright Ideas for your business, innovation diagnostic tool.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f73581884.html,.au/dsdweb/htdocs/ssb/diag/first_page.cfm?surveyType=STIQ.
The Bright Ideas innovation diagnostic tool helps identify the level of innovation within a business and provides information and links to services, programs and organisations, targeted at the businesses’ level of innovation.
Ten ways to boost innovation
Paul Sloane, Director Magazine, July 2007
Want to boost innovation in your business? Here are some practical suggestions.
1. Have a vision for change
To be innovative your team must know the direction in which they are heading. Innovation has to have a purpose. It is up to the leader to set the course and give a bearing for the future.
You need one overarching statement that defines the direction for the business and that people will readily understand and remember. For example, Biolytix vision is to be the supplier of the best solutions in wastewater treatment systems around the world, being technologically superior, as well as robust and cost-effective.
Great leaders spend time illustrating the vision, goals and challenges. They explain to people how their role is crucial in fulfilling the vision and meeting the challenges. They inspire people to become passionate entrepreneurs, finding innovative routes to success.
2. Fight the fear of change
Constantly demonstrate the need for change. Innovative leaders say, “We are doing well but we cannot rest o n our laurels, we need to do even better.” They explain that while trying new ventures is risky, standing still is even riskier. They must paint a picture that shows an appealing future that is worth taking risks to achieve. They help people embrace change.
3. Think like a venture capitalist
Venture capitalists (VCs) use a portfolio approach and balance the risk of losing with the upside of winning.
They like to consider lots of proposals. They are comfortable with the knowledge that many of the ideas they back will fail. These are all important lessons for business leaders who typically consider only a handful of proposals and who abhor failure.
4. Have a dynamic suggestion scheme
How do you tap into ideas from the people working in your business? Great suggestion schemes are focused, easy to use, well resourced, responsive and open to all. They do not need to offer huge rewards. Recognition and response are generally more important. Above all, they have to have the whole-hearted commitment of the senior team to keep them fresh, properly managed and successful.
5. Break the rules
To achieve radical innovation you have to challenge the assumptions that govern how things should look in your environment. Business is not like sport, with its well defined rules and referees. It is more like art and is rife with opportunity for the lateral thinker who can create new ways to provide the goods and services customers want.
6. Give everyone two jobs
Give all your people two key objectives. Ask them to run their current jobs in the most effective way possible and at the same time to find completely new ways to do the job.
Encourage your employees to ask themselves—what is the essential purpose of my role?
What is the outcome that I deliver that is of real value to my clients (internal and external)?
Is there a better way to deliver that value or purpose?
The answer is always “yes”, but most people never ask the question.
7. Collaborate
Many CEOs see collaboration as key to their success with innovation. They know they cannot do it all using internal resources. So they look outside for other organisations with complementary skills to partner with.
8. Welcome failure
Encourage a culture of experimentation. To be truly agile, you must give people the freedom to innovate, experiment and to succeed. That means you must give them the freedom to fail, too. Thomas Edison tested over 3000 filaments before he came up with his version of a practical light bulb.
9. Build prototypes
“Don’t debate it, test it”. Try the new idea at low co st in a section of the market and see what the customers’ reactions are. You will learn far more in the real world than you will in the test laboratory or with focus groups.
10. Be passionate
Focus on the things that you want to change, the most important challenges you face and be passionate about overcoming them. Your energy and drive will translate itself into direction and inspiration for your people. It is no good filling your bus with contented, complacent passengers. You want evangelists, passionate supporters. You want people who believe that reaching the destination is really worthwhile. If you want to inspire people to innovate, to change the way they do things and to achieve extraordinary results, then you have to be passionate about what you believe in and you have to communicate that passion every time you speak.
感受现代科技 【学习目标】 1、知识：感受现代科技给人类生活带来的新变化，认识科技与生活，科技发展与社会发展的关系，懂得“科学技术是第一生产力”的道理。 2、能力与情感：感悟现代科技的神奇与力量，理解科技是社会发展的强大推力，激发学生 对科技重要性的认识，增强学生对科学的兴趣，培养学生热爱科学的精神。 3、过程与方法：依据教学内容和学生的认识规律设置了“课前预习”、“课堂助学”、“课堂巩固”、“课后拓学”、“教学反思”五个模块的教学整合，运用多媒体等教学手段，采用自主体验、 探究活动、案例情境等方法来完成教学目标。 【学习重点、难点】 领略现代科技的神奇与力量，理解“科技是第一生产力”。 【学习过程】 一、预习初探： （一）快快行动，书外的知识真有趣： 1、生活体验：观察生活，请你说说我们身边有哪些科技产品？例举实例说说这些科技产品给我们的生活带来哪些新变化？ 2、想象天地：展现你的想象天份，想象你准备发明一样科技产品，使你的未来生活更美好。 3、图片收集：上网收集有关科技产品的图片，准备创办科技小展览，领略现代科技的神 奇与力量。 （二）阅读课本，书本的知识真寻味： 4、我们现在的生活与科技________________。丰足的衣食，舒适的住行，千百年来一直是人类_________________。 5、科学技术是________________的强大推力，是________生产力。______________已成为当代经济发展的火车头。 6、________________是人类文明的标志。科学技术的进步为人类创造了巨大的 ______________和_________________。
第十四课感受现代科技 项目一现代科技在身边 教师寄语：今日沟通于昔日之最大差异：在于科技的介入，已超越时间、空间，甚至权利与阶级的围墙。 学习目标： ●情感态度价值观：感受现代科技发展带来的新变化，培养学生热爱科学的情感和品质。 ●能力：培养学生观察、收集、整理、归纳信息的能力。 ●知识：了解科技对社会发展具有推动作用，理解科学技术是第一生产力。 重难点：科技是社会发展的强大推动力 学习过程： 一、课前预习（提前预习课本，顺便做以下小题，相信你能完成!） 1.我们现在的生活与科技_________。 2.___________________是第一生产力。 3._______________已成为当代经济发展的火车头。 4.科学技术是_______________的标志。 5.科技是社会发展的______________。 二、合作探究，共同进步（合作有助于提高学习效率，要努力哦！） 知识点一：现代科技给生活带来新变化 1：（见教材P58页-59页）图片1：液晶彩色电视图片2：利用网络学习 图片3：山里人用上了手机图片4：磁悬浮列车 说一说：观察生活，列举实例，说说现代科技给我们的生活带来哪些新的变化？ 2：阅读教材（P59页教材正文），说说现代科技的发展给人类的生活产生了怎样的影响？（学生讨论交流） 。3：（见教材P59页-60页）想象和推测一下，随着科技的发展，5年、10年、20年、50年后人们的生活可能是怎样的？ 。 知识点二：科技——社会发展的强大推力 1：（见教材P61页），材料中的数字变化说明了什么？（学生讨论交流） 上述材料中的数字变化说明：“”。 2：为什么说“科学技术是第一生产力”？ ① ② 实践证明：高新技术及其产业已经成为当代经济发展的火车头。 3：（见教材P62页）说一说：网络学校的发展将会给人们的学习方式带来了哪些变化？ 4、①科学技术的进步使精神文明建设有了新的载体. 说一说：在思想文化传播的载体方面，你知道有哪些新的传播手段呢？ ②科学技术的进步丰富了人们的 . 5、科学技术的进步为人类创造了巨大的财富和财富 三、课堂小结 通过学习我学会：
《交通规划》课程教学大纲 课程编号：E13D3330 课程中文名称：交通规划 课程英文名称：Transportation Planning 开课学期：秋季 学分/学时：2学分/32学时 先修课程：管理运筹学，概率与数理统计，交通工程学 建议后续课程：城市规划，交通管理与控制 适用专业/开课对象：交通运输类专业/3年级本科生 团队负责人：唐铁桥责任教授：执笔人：唐铁桥核准院长： 一、课程的性质、目的和任务 本课程授课对象为交通工程专业本科生，是该专业学生的必修专业课。通过本课程的学习，应该掌握交通规划的基础知识、常用方法与模型。课程具体内容包括：交通规划问题分析的一般方法，建模理论，交通规划过程与发展历史，交通调查、出行产生、分布、方式划分与交通分配的理论与技术实践，交通网络平衡与网络设计理论等，从而在交通规划与政策方面掌握宽广的知识和实际的操作技能。 本课程是一间理论和实践意义均很强的课程，课堂讲授要尽量做到理论联系实际，模型及其求解尽量结合实例，深入浅出，使学生掌握将交通规划模型应用于实际的基本方法。此外，考虑到西方在该领域内的研究水平，讲授时要多参考国外相关研究成果，多介绍专业术语的英文表达方法以及相关外文刊物。课程主要培养学生交通规划的基本知识、能力和技能。 二、课程内容、基本要求及学时分配 各章内容、要点、学时分配。适当详细，每章有一段描述。 第一章绪论（2学时） 1. 交通规划的基本概念、分类、内容、过程、发展历史、及研究展望。 2. 交通规划的基本概念、重要性、内容、过程、发展历史以及交通规划中存在的问题等。
第二章交通调查与数据分析（4学时） 1. 交通调查的概要、目的、作用和内容等；流量、密度和速度调查；交通延误和OD调查；交通调查抽样；交通调查新技术。 2. 交通中的基本概念，交通流量、速度和密度的调查方法，调查问卷设计与实施，调查抽样，调查结果的统计处理等。 第三章交通需求预测（4学时） 1. 交通发生与吸引的概念；出行率调查；发生与吸引交通量的预测；生成交通量预测、发生与吸引交通量预测。 2. 掌握交通分布的概念；分布交通量预测；分布交通量的概念，增长系数法及其算法。 3. 交通方式划分的概念；交通方式划分过程；交通方式划分模型。 第四章道路交通网络分析（4学时） 1. 交通网络计算机表示方法、邻接矩阵等 2. 交通阻抗函数、交叉口延误等。 第五章城市综合交通规划（2学时） 1. 综合交通规划的任务、内容；城市发展战略规划的基本内容和步骤 2. 城市中长期交通体系规划的内容、目标以及城市近期治理规划的目标与内容 第六章城市道路网规划（2学时） 城市路网、交叉口、横断面规划及评价方法。 第七章城市公共交通规划（2学时） 城市公共交通规划目标任务、规划方法、原则及技术指标。 第八章停车设施规划（2学时） 停车差设施规划目标、流程、方法和原则。 第九章城市交通管理规划（2学时） 城市交通管理规划目标、管理模式和管理策略。 第十章公路网规划（2学时） 公路网交通调查与需求预测、方案设计与优化。 第十一章交通规划的综合评价方法（2学时） 1. 交通综合评价的地位、作用及评价流程和指标。 2. 几种常见的评价方法。 第十二章案例教学（2学时）
走进都市农业感受现代科技 --"大东农业观光园"基地实践活动 设计者：大兴区第九小学窦雪征 指导教师：大兴区教师进修学校柏东河 ( 2008-05-27 13:40:19 ) 一、环境分析 我国是个农业大国。当前，在农业科技领域，中国不断缩小与发达国家的差距，农业科技部门在生物技术、高新技术、基础研究方面均取得较大进展，植物细胞和组织培养、花药培养、单倍体育种及其应用研究处于国际先进地位。但是，作为国家希望的小学生却对我国农业的了解知之甚少，甚至有的学生只认识餐桌上的蔬菜，田地里面的蔬菜就不认识了。而且由于社会环境的影响，学生对于农业生产的认识非常极端，认为农业生产只是辛苦的体力劳动，对其间蕴含的高科技文化知识基本不了解。 大兴区作为北京市的一个远郊区县，拥有着得天独厚的农业教育资源，在我们的身边就有向"大东农业观光园"这样的一个很好的农业教育基地。在大东农业观光园里面充分体现了现代农业。它目前拥有现代化日光温室34个，塑料大棚34个，露地80亩，为观光采摘、实验、示范、生产提供了场所。农业观光园里引进福建有机茶叶树，通过土壤改质能使其在北方正常生长；蔬菜嫁接的试验技术；大棚中的科学技术，如：所有地面具备节能、日光温室跨度大、内设供热、微喷、保湿、补光等多项功能；另外园区内设有科普知识长廊，为学生了解我国农业的历史文化和发展，创造了很好的条件。此基地实践活动适合小学高年级学生，他们可以在基地里面，进行参观、体验、学习了解高科技农业技术。通过基地的实践活动，可以增长学生现代农业知识，提高劳动能力，体验劳作的艰辛，培养学生良好的道德品质。可以很好的促进学生学习方式的变革，使学生直接从事实践性主题活动，实现学生自主学习和直接体验为主的学习方式，从而不