计算机专业英语教程
?Describe the following terms.(6 terms, 5 points each, total 30 points)
1.Cookies
2.Client-server Network
3.BIOS
4.CISC
5.Star Topology
6.Cache Memory
7.Full-duplex data Transmission
8.Half-duplex data Transmission
9.TCP/IP
10.E-commerce
Answers:
1.Cookies 小型文本文件 A cookie, also known as a web cookie,
browser cookie, and HTTP cookie, is a piece of text stored on a user’s
computer by their web browser. A cookie can be used for authentication,
storing site preferences, shopping cart contents, the identifier for a
server-based session, or anything else that can be accomplished through
storing text data.
2.Client/Server Network 客户机/服务器网络Network in which
one or more computers act as a server, and the other computers on the
network request services from the server.
3.BIOS(Basic Input/ Output System) 基本输入输出系统BIOS is
the built-in software that determines what a computer can do without
accessing programs from a disk. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code
required to control the keyboard, display screen, disk drives, serial
communications, and a number of miscellaneous functions. The BIOS is
typically placed in a ROM chip that comes with the computer (it is often
called a ROM BIOS). This ensures that the BIOS will always be available
and will not be damaged by disk failures. It also makes it possible for a
computer to boot itself.
4.CISC 复杂指令运算集、复杂指令系统计算机CISC stands
for complex instruction set computer. Most personal computers use a CISC
architecture, in which the CPU supports as many as two hundred instructions.
An alternative architecture, used by many workstations and also some
personal computer, is RISC (reduced instruction set computer), which
supports fewer instructions.
5.Star Topology 星形网 A local-area network(LAN) that uses a
star topology in which all nodes are connected to a central computer. The
main advantage of a star network is that one malfunstioning node doesn’t
affect the rest of the network, and it’s easy to add and remove nodes. The
main disadvantage of star networks is that they require more cabling than
other topologies, such as a bus or ring networks. In addition, if the central
computer fails, the entire network becomes unusable.
6.Cache Memory 高速缓冲存储器Cache is a special high-speed
storage mechanism. It can be either a reserved section of main memory or an
independent high-speed storage device. Two types of caching are commonly
used in personal computers: memory caching and disk caching.
7.Full-duplex data Transmission 全双工Refers to the transmission
of data in two directions simultaneously.(both directions at once)For
example, a telephone is a full-duplex device because both parties can talk at
once. In contrast, a walkie-talkie is a half-duplex device because only one
party can transmit at a time.
8.Half-duplex data Transmission 半双工Refers to the transmission
of data in just one direction at a time.(one direction at a time) For example,
a walkie-talkie is a half-duplex device because only one party can talk at a
time. In contrast, a telephone is a full-duplex device because both parties can
talk simultaneously. Duplex modes often are used in reference to network
data transmission.
9.TCP/IP（Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol）传输控制
协议/互联网协议，传输控制协议/网际协议Network standard,
specifically a protocol, that defines how messages(data) are routed from one
end of a network to the other, ensuring the data arrives correctly.
10.E-commerce 电子商务Electronic Commerce (also referred to
as EC, e-commerce, eCommerce or ecommerce), business that is conducted
over the Internet using any of the applications that rely on the Internet, such
as e-mail, instant messaging, shopping carts, Web services, UDDI(Universal
Description, Discovery, and Integration统一描述、发现和集成), FTP（File
Transfer Protocol文件传输协议）, and EDI（Electronic Data Interchange
电子数据交换）, among others. Electronic commerce can be between two
business transmitting funds, goods, services and/or data or between a
business and a customer.
?Short Answer Questions(Total 30 points)
1.Describe briefly the main component of a computer.
2.How do you create a Web Page?
3.Describe the concept of virtual reality and how it is created.
4.Distinguish between a WAN and a LAN.
5.Briefly explain how instant messaging works.
Answers:
1.The electric, electronic, and mechanical components of a computer, or
hardware, include a system unit, input devices, output devices, storage
devices, storage devices, and communication devices. The system unit is a
case that contains the electronic components of a computer that are used to
process data. An input device allows users to enter data or instructions into a
computer. An output device conveys information to one or more people. A
storage device records and/or retrieves items to and from storage media. A
communications device enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers.
2.Steps to Create a Web Page
i.Get into Notepad;
ii.Type in the text;
iii.Save as filename.html or filename.htm;
iv.Get into Windows Explorer;
v.Double click on filename.html or filename.htm, enjoy your web page; vi.Go back to notepad---make changes, and Save;
vii.Refresh in web browser(e.g., Internet Explorer), enjoy your web page; viii.Repeat steps 6 and 7 to develop your web page.
3.Virtual reality (VR) [虚拟现实]: An artificial environment created with
computer hardware and software and presented to the user in such a way that it appears and feels like a real environment. To “enter” a virtual reality, a user dons special gloves, earphones, and goggles, all of which receive their input from the computer system.
______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4.WAN(Wide Area Network): A wide area network is a computer network that
spans a relatively large geographical area(such as a city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances, using a communications channel that combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and air waves). Typically, a WAN consists of two or more LANs. Computers connected to a wide-area network are often connected through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f71403204.html,es communications channel that combines many type of media
such as telephone lines, cables and radio waves.
b.The Internet is the world’s largest WAN.
LAN(Local Area Networks): LAN is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings. Each computer or device on the network, called a node, often shares resources such as printers, large hard disks, and programs.
5.Instant messaging (IM) is a form of real-time direct text-based
communication between two or more people using personal computers or other devices, along with shared software clients. The user’s text is conveyed
over a network, such as the Internet. More advanced instant messaging software clients also allow enhanced modes of communication, such as live voice or video calling. Most widely used services include ALO Instant Messenger, Windows Live Messenger, Yahoo! Messenger, and Skype, etc. Instant messaging falls under the umbrella term online chat, as it is a real-time text-based networked communication system, but is distinct in that it is based on clients that facilitate connections between specified known users (often using “Buddy List”, “Friend List”or “Contact List”), whereas online “chat” also includes web-based applications that allow communication between (often anonymous) users in a multi-user environment.
计算机专业英语（第四版）课后习题答案 Unit 1 [Ex 1] 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. F [Ex 2] 1. input, storage, processing, and output 2. power; speed; memory 3. central processing unit 4. internal; primary; memory 5. keyboard; central processing unit; main memory; monitor [Ex 3] A. 1. F 2. D 3. G 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. E 8. H B. 1. user 2. monitor 3. data 4. keyboard 5. data processing 6. information 7. computer 8. memory [Ex 4] 1. input device 2. screen, screen 3. manipulates 4. instructions 5. retrieve 6. code 7. hard copy 8. Function [Ex. 5] 新处理器开始IT技术的新时代 New Processors Open New Era of IT Technologies Last week, Intel introduced to the public in Russia and other CIS countries a family of processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are very economical in terms of energy consumption. Their presence opens a new era in the field of IT technologies and means that the cloud technology is getting closer. These processors are primarily designed for servers, data centers (DPC) and supercomputers. The emergence of this class of devices is not accidental. According to the regional director of Intel in Russia and other CIS states Dmitri Konash who spoke at the event, the market of IT-technology is developing so rapidly that, according to forecasts, by 2015 there will be 15 billion devices connected to the Internet, and over 3 billion of active users. 上周，英特尔公司向俄罗斯和其它独联体国家的公众推出了英特尔Xeon E5-2600系列处理器，它们更加强大可靠，尤其是在能量消耗方面更加经济实惠。它们的问世意味着IT技术领域开始了一个新时代，标志着云技术距离我们越来越近。 这些处理器主要是为服务器、数字处理中心和超级计算机设计的。这种处理器的出现并非偶然。根据英特尔公司俄罗斯和其他独联体地区负责人Dmitri Konash就此事发表的看法，IT技术市场的发展速度极快，根据预测，到2015年与英特网连接的设施将有150亿，用户超过30亿。 [Ex 6] 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. F Unit 2 [Ex 1] 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F [Ex 2] 1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities
计算机专业英语模拟2 Ⅰ. Vocabulary（词汇，30分） (一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.（写出下列词组的汉语，共10分，每题1分） 1. central processing unit（CPU）中央处理器 1. 2. operating system 操作系统 2. 3. electronic spreadsheet 电子表格 4. management information system 管理信息系统 5. electronic commerce 电子商务 6. database 数据库 7. software engineering 软件工程 8. software crisis 软件危机 9. network security 网络安全 10. computer virus 计算机病毒 (二)．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写，共10分，每题1分) 1．随机存储器RAM 2．局域网LAN 3．计算机辅助设计CAD 4．数字视频光盘DVD 5．通用串行总线USB 6．面向对象编程OOP 7．集成开发环境IDE 8．结构化查询语言SQL 9．多文档界面MDI 10．企业之间的电子商务交易方式B2B (三)．Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column.（将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配，共10分，每空1分） 1. output b a. 视频 2. high-level language c b. 输出. 3. project window e c. 高级语言 4. black-box testing g d. 应用软件 5. multimedia h e. 工程窗口 6. WWW i f. 系统软件 7.field j g. 黑盒测试 8. application software d h. 多媒体
计算机专业英语 系别：数学系 班级：11级计算机二班姓名：徐小凤学号：110312248
Robot Competition From 11th to 13th October 2013, these three days are special for my teammates and me. I took part in the fifth Robot Competition of Anhui province. After continuous efforts, we got the third prize in the end. In April 2013, this competition was announced in our class by Mr He. In that moment, many students registered for the competition. After hardly training, there were only fifteen students remaining. We were divided into five teams. Each included three people. There were three teams taking part in wheel type robot competition (or named intelligent car). And the other two majored in dancing robot. My two roommates and I engaged in the designing of robot dance. We controlled the robots by program. But the program was programmed in BASIC, which is a high level programming language. The problem was that we had never touched to that language besides C or C++. So, we must learn the language before designing the action. It seemed difficult but we had never lost our courage. After seeking enough data from the Internet and the library, we spent about a few weeks to learn it. When we felt the fundamental grammar was easy, we began to design the dancing action. That was the most important and most difficult part. We spent much time on
计算机专业英语作业答案（供参考） 计算机专业英语作业1 第1－3章作业一．( 词汇) (一)．(写出下列词组的汉语。) 1．（）中央处理器 2 标题栏 3．操作系统4．个人计算机 5．菜单栏6．桌面排版 7．电子表格8．硬盘 9．数据库10．光标 (二)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。) 1．随机存储器2．只读存储器 3．传输控制协议P 4．数字视频光盘5．通用串行总线6．计算机辅助设计7．计算机辅助制造8．中央处理器 (三)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语。) 1．键盘2．鼠标3．扫描仪 4．打印机5．输入6．输出 7．显示器8．存储器9．数据库 10．操作系统11．应用软件 12．字处理器13．网络浏览器 二．(T) (F).(判断正误。) 1．, . (√)
2．'s . (√) 3．: . (√) 4． a 2000 . (×) 5．( ) a . (√) 6. , a . (√) 7. , ’s . (×) 8. ’t . (×) 9. . (×) 10. . (×). 三．.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。) （一）． 1. （） a. 操作系统 2. b. 输入. 3. ( ) c. 只读存储器 4. ( ) d. 应用软件 5. e. 中央处理器 6. f. 系统软件 7. g. 硬件 8. h. 随机存储器 9. i. 内存 10. j. 输出 1．e 6. j 2．g 7．a 3．h 8. d 4．c 9. f 5．b 10. i (二) ． 1. a
2. b a 3. c 4 d a 0 1 5. e a 6. f 7. g 8. h a 9. i a 1．d 6. a 2．g 7．f 3．h 8. c 4．b 9. e 5．i 四．, . （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。） 1． () . , a . , . , , . , . 2. , , . , a a a , a , a , a . , , . a , , a . , 1-2-3 . a , a ( ) . 3.
1.英语学术论文的语言风格特点就（知人方能论世） 为什么我们会读不懂SCI上面的文章呢？ 第一，由于SCI里面出现的专业词汇一般都是出现在特定领域，一类是一词对应于一意，另外一类则是一词多义。 其次，名词化结构则是另外另外一个普遍出现的现象，可以看到，复合名词，加前缀和后缀，以及省略现象可谓是漫山遍野，因为文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实，一般文章不会夹杂着太多主观看法。 最后，大量使用长句和定语从句SCI论文发表中大量使用长句和定语从句，在论证上起到连接信息和强调信息的作用。广泛使用被动语态SCI论文发表中侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确，第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态。名词作定语和缩写词使用频繁SCI论文发表中要求结构紧凑、行文简炼，缩写词和名词作定语的频繁使用，增大了信息密度，简化了句型。 如果我们能逆向思维，转换个角度去看文章，如果你要发表一篇SCI论文，你会怎么去构造你的行为，你如何组织你文章的逻辑，特别是用词方面，口语和一些狸语在一般
情况不应该出现在文章中。还有些中式英语也会极大地影响我们的阅读，例如说足球比赛，可不是我们想象中的football match （之前有次演讲说，英语里面不能有2个名词的情况，在此就举了个例子bicycle man），而应该做football play亦作soccer play。 2.翻译是一门艺术，从某种意义上来讲是没有标准答案的。 这里本人想要想要阐述这样一种观点，翻译是一个不断精进的过程，翻译最初的目的即是为了实现语言之间的一个互相沟通，然而不同的人对一句话，应该会有着不同的理解。这也就有了译者极大的自由发挥性，但是译者必须准确理解原文的基础之上的。 有三个字可以高度概括翻译的精髓“信，达，雅”，想必大家都应该听过。”“信”指意义不背原文,即是译文要准确,不歪曲,不遗漏,也不要随意增减意思；同样可以举个例子？This is a pan in my hand （请问如何翻译呢？） “达”指不拘泥于原文形式,译文通顺明白;这里就涉及到一个直译和意译的关系啦，否则就会出现像bicycle
计算机专业英语练习参考答案 Unit 1 [Ex 1] 1..F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F [Ex 2] 1.input, storage, processing, and output 2. power, speed, memory 3. central processing unit 4. internal, primary, memory 5. keyboard, central processing unit, main memory, monitor [Ex 3] A. 1.F 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.B 6.E 7.H 8.A B. https://www.doczj.com/doc/f71403204.html,er 2.monitor 3.data 4.keyboard 5.data processing 6. information https://www.doczj.com/doc/f71403204.html,puter 8.memory [Ex 4] 1.input device 2. screen, screen 3.manipulates 4.instructions 5.retrieve
6.code 7.hard copy 8.function/code/instruction [Ex 5] 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.F Unit 2 [Ex 1] 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.F [Ex 2] 1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities 2. supercomputer, mainframe computer, minicomputers, microcomputers 3. mainframe computer 4.microcomputers, storage locations 5. portables, laptop computers/ notebook/palm-sized computer, desktop workstations 6.semiconductor 7. CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users 8. microprocessor ship [Ex 3] A. 1.C 2.A 3.H 4.I 5.E 6.F 7.G 8.B
1 / 3 计算机专业英语常用词汇大全 A Active-matrix 主动距陈 Adapter cards 适配卡 Advanced application 高级应用 Analytical graph 分析图表 Analyze 分析 Animations 动画 Application software 应用软件 Arithmetic operations 算术运算 Audio-output device 音频输出设备 Access time 存取时间 access 存取 accuracy 准确性 ad network cookies 广告网络信息记录软件 Add-ons 附软件 Address 地址 Agents 代理 Analog signals 模拟信号 Applets 程序 Asynchronous communications port 异步通信端口 Attachment 附件 B Bar code 条形码 Bar code reader 条形码读卡器 Basic application 基础程序 Binary coding schemes 二进制译码方案 Binary system 二进制系统 Bit 比特 Browser 浏览器 Bus line 总线 Backup tape cartridge units 备份磁带盒单元 Bandwidth 带宽 Bluetooth 蓝牙 Broadband 宽带 Browser 浏览器 Business-to-business 企业对企业电子商务 Business-to-consumer 企业对消费者 Bus 总线 C Cables 连线 Cell 单元箱 Chain printer 链式打印机 Character and recognition device 字符标识识别设备 Chart 图表 Chassis 支架 Chip 芯片 Clarity 清晰度 Closed architecture 封闭式体系结构 Column 列 Combination key 结合键 computer competency 计算机能力 connectivity 连接，结点 Continuous-speech recognition system 连续语言识别系统 Control unit 操纵单元 Cordless or wireless mouse 无线鼠标 Cable modems 有线调制解调器 carpal tunnel syndrome 腕骨神经综合症 CD-ROM 可记录光盘 CD-RW 可重写光盘 CD-R 可记录压缩光盘 Channel 信道 Chat group 谈话群组 chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) ]氯氟甲烷 Client 客户端 Coaxial cable 同轴电缆 cold site 冷战 Commerce servers 商业服务器 Communication channel 信道 Communication systems 信息系统 Compact disc rewritable Compact disc 光盘 computer abuse amendments act of 19941994计算机滥用法案 computer crime 计算机犯罪 computer ethics 计算机道德 computer fraud and abuse act of 1986计算机欺诈和滥用法案 computer matching and privacy protection act of 1988计算机查找和隐私保护法案 Computer network 计算机网络 computer support specialist 计算机支持专家 computer technician 计算机技术人员 computer trainer 计算机教师 Connection device 连接设备 Connectivity 连接 Consumer-to-consumer 个人对个人 cookies-cutter programs 信息记录截取程序 cookies 信息记录程序 cracker 解密高手 cumulative trauma disorder 积累性损伤错乱 Cybercash 电子现金 Cyberspace 计算机空间 cynic 愤世嫉俗者 D Database 数据库 database files 数据库文件 Database manager 数据库管理 Data bus 数据总线 Data projector 数码放映机 Desktop system unit 台式电脑系统单元 Destination file 目标文件 Digital cameras 数码照相机 Digital notebooks 数字笔记本 Digital bideo camera 数码摄影机 Discrete-speech recognition system 不连续语言识别系统 Document 文档 document files 文档文件 Dot-matrix printer 点矩阵式打印机 Dual-scan monitor 双向扫描显示器 Dumb terminal 非智能终端 data security 数据安全 Data transmission specifications 数据传输说明 database administrator 数据库管理员 Dataplay 数字播放器 Demodulation 解调 denial of service attack 拒绝服务攻击 Dial-up service 拨号服务 Digital cash 数字现金 Digital signals 数字信号 Digital subscriber line 数字用户线路 Digital versatile disc 数字化通用磁盘 Digital video disc 数字化视频光盘 Direct access 直接存取 Directory search 目录搜索 disaster recovery plan 灾难恢复计划 Disk caching 磁盘驱动器高速缓存 Diskette 磁盘 Disk 磁碟 Distributed data processing system 分部数据处理系统 Distributed processing 分布处理 Domain code 域代码 Downloading 下载 DVD 数字化通用磁盘 DVD-R 可写DVD DVD-RAM DVD 随机存取器 DVD-ROM 只读DVD E e-book 电子阅读器 Expansion cards 扩展卡 end user 终端用户 e-cash 电子现金 e-commerce 电子商务 electronic cash 电子现金 electronic commerce 电子商务 electronic communications privacy act of1986电子通信隐私法案 encrypting 加密术 energy star 能源之星 Enterprise computing 企业计算化 environment 环境 Erasable optical disks 可擦除式光盘 ergonomics 人类工程学 ethics 道德规范 External modem 外置调制解调器 extranet 企业外部网 F Fax machine 传真机 Field 域 Find 搜索 FireWire port port 火线端口 Firmware 固件 Flash RAM 闪存 Flatbed scanner 台式扫描器 Flat-panel monitor 纯平显示器 floppy disk 软盘 Formatting toolbar 格式化工具条 Formula 公式 Function 函数 fair credit reporting act of 1970公平信用报告法案 Fiber-optic cable 光纤电缆 File compression 文件压缩 File decompression 文件解压缩 filter 过滤 firewall 防火墙 firewall 防火墙 Fixed disk 固定硬盘 Flash memory 闪存 Flexible disk 可折叠磁盘 Floppies 磁盘 Floppy disk 软盘 Floppy-disk cartridge 磁盘盒 Formatting 格式化 freedom of information act of 1970信息自由法案 frustrated 受挫折 Full-duplex communication 全双通通信 G General-purpose application 通用运用程序 Gigahertz 千兆赫 Graphic tablet 绘图板 green pc 绿色个人计算机 H handheld computer 手提电脑 Hard copy 硬拷贝 hard disk 硬盘 hardware 硬件 Help 帮助 Host computer 主机 Home page 主页 Hyperlink 超链接 hacker 黑客 Half-duplex communication 半双通通信 Hard disk 硬盘 Hard-disk cartridge 硬盘盒 Hard-disk pack 硬盘组 Head crash 磁头碰撞 header 标题 help desk specialist 帮助办公专家 helper applications 帮助软件 Hierarchical network 层次型网络 history file 历史文件 hits 匹配记录 horizontal portal 横向用户 hot site 热战 Hybrid network 混合网络 hyperlinks 超连接 I Image capturing device 图像获取设备 information technology 信息技术 Ink-jet printer 墨水喷射印刷机 Integrated package 综合性组件 Intelligent terminal 智能终端设备 Intergrated circuit 集成电路 Interface cards 接口卡 Internal modem 内部调制解调器 internet telephony 网络电话 internet terminal 互联网终端 Identification 识别 i-drive 网络硬盘驱动器
1.判断题 （）1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation. （）2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data from the CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus. （）3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection. （）4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error. （）5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only. （）6. Freeware is free software with no restriction. （）7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus. （）8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation. （）9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property. （）10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation. （）11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only. （）12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computer that has a different microprocessor. （）13. Object-oriented programming(OOP) is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic. （）14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs. （）15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language. 2.词汇 Vacuum tube 真空管general purpose 通用transistor 晶体管 ：大规模集成电路）Large Scale Integrated Circuit（LSI． VLSI(Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit）：超大规模集成电路 Mainframe 大型机medium-sized computer 中型机minicomputer 小型机 Microcomputer 小型机 machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时 Batch system 批处理系统interactive system 交互式系统 Instruction cycle 指令周期 Address bus, data bus, control bus Internal register内部寄存器external register 外部寄存器flag register标志寄存器 Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号instruction code指令代码instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的unidirectional 单向的 ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元
国家计算机教育认证 计算机英语 计算机英语词汇对译 蒙阴高新电脑学校 资料整理：孙波 IT CFAC gaoxindiannaoxuexiao
2010年9月1日
?PC personal computer 个人计算机 ?IBM International Business Machine 美国国际商用机器公司的公司简称，是最早推出的个人 计算机品牌。 ?Intel 美国英特尔公司，以生产CPU芯片著称。 ?Pentium Intel公司生产的586 CPU芯片,中文译名为“奔腾”。 ?Address地址 ?Agents代理 ?Analog signals模拟信号 ?Applets程序 ?Asynchronous communications port异步通信端口 ?Attachment附件 ?Access time存取时间 ?access存取 ?accuracy准确性 ?ad network cookies广告网络信息记录软件 ?Add-ons 插件 ?Active-matrix主动矩阵 ?Adapter cards适配卡 ?Advanced application高级应用 ?Analytical graph分析图表 ?Analyze分析 ?Animations动画 ?Application software 应用软件 ?Arithmetic operations算术运算 ?Audio-output device音频输出设备 ?Basic application基础程序 ?Binary coding schemes二进制译码方案 ?Binary system二进制系统 ?Bit比特 ?Browser浏览器 ?Bus line总线 ?Backup tape cartridge units备份磁带盒单元 ?Business-to-consumer企业对消费者 ?Bar code条形码 ?Bar code reader条形码读卡器 ?Bus总线 ?Bandwidth带宽 ?Bluetooth蓝牙 ?Broadband宽带 ?Business-to-business企业对企业电子商务 ?cookies-cutter programs信息记录截取程序 ?cookies信息记录程序
计算机专业英语考试试题及答案 一、判断1.(√)The cpu and memory are located on a special circuit beard in the system unit called the montherbocrd2.(√)the main difference between a supercomputer and a mainframe is that supercomputers are designed to execute a few programs as quickly as possible，whereas mainframes are designedto handle many programs running at the same(but at a slower pace)3.(×)Being computer fluent means that you should be able to build a computer yourself.4.(√)Embedded computers are selfcontained computer devices that have therv own programming and do not receive input5.(√)Currently，the performance of tasks by robot is based on preprinted algorithms1.(×)A web browser is a special device that is installed in your computer that allows it to communicate with devices on a network2.(√)data can be a number a word a picture，or a sound3.(√)strictly defined，a computer is a data processing device4.(√)one of the benefits of becoming computer fluent is being a savvy computer user and consumer and knowing how to avoid viruses the programs that pose treats to computer security 。 5(√)trend-spotting programs，developed for business，have been used to predict criminal activity二.写出中文 1.virtual function虚拟函数2.pointer 指针3.cursor 光标4.package 包裹 5. Boot 引导，自举6 TCP/IP 传输攻之协议/互联网协议7 DNS 域名服务8.HTTP 超文本传
计算机专业英语常用词汇大全 A Active-matrix主动距陈active-matrix Adapter cards适配卡adapter cards Advanced application高级应用advanced application Analytical graph分析图表analytical graph Analyze分析analyze Animations动画animations Application software 应用软件application softwear Arithmetic operations算术运算arithmetic operation Audio-output device音频输出设备audio-output device Access time存取时间access time access存取access accuracy准确性accuracy ad network cookies广告网络信息记录软件ad network cookies Add-ons附软件add-ones Address地址address Agents代理agents
Analog signals模拟信号analog sognals Applets程序applets Asynchronous communications port异步通信端口asynchronous communications port Attachment附件attachment B Bar code条形码bar code Bar code reader条形码读卡器bar code reader Basic application基础程序basic application Binary coding schemes二进制译码方案binary coding schemes Binary system二进制系统binary system Bit比特bit Browser浏览器browser Bus line总线bus line Backup tape cartridge units备份磁带盒单元backup tape
计算机专业英语
?PC (Personal Computer) 个人计算机 ?CPU (Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器 ?RAM (Random-Access memory) 随机存储器 ?ROM (Read-Only Memory) 只读存储器 ?BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) 基本输入输出系统 ?IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) 智能磁盘设备 ?PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) 外部设备接口 ?SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) 小型计算机系统接口 ?CD-ROM (Compact Disc, Read-Only Memory) 只读光盘 ?EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) ?电可擦除只读存储器 ?DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc, Read-Only Memory) ?只读数字化视频光盘 ?USB (Universal Serial Bus) 通用串行总线 ?LAN (Local Area Network) 局域网 ?DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) 数字线用户 ?VDSL (Very high bit-rate DSL) 甚高位率数字线用户 ?POST (Power-On Self-Test) 开机自检 ?TFT(Thin-Film Transistro) 薄膜晶体管 ?LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示屏 ?CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) 阴极射线管 ?DLP(Digital Light Processing) 数字光处理技术 ?LCoS(Liquid Crystal On Silicon) 硅基液晶（也缩写为LCOS） ?SED(Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display) 表面传导电子发射显示?OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode) 有机发光二极管 ?PDP(Plasma Display Panel) 等离子显示器
一、Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称)（15%） WAN__________________________________________________ HTTP__________________________________________________ NT____________________________________________________ CEO__________________________________________________ DBMS________________________________________________ ISP___________________________________________________ XML__________________________________________________ BIOS_________________________________________________ IT____________________________________________________ WWW_______________________________________________ 二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right )（10%） 1. output devices a. 操作系统 2. silicon b. 扩展存储器 3. expanded memory c. 硅 4. database administrator d. 输出设备 5. operating system e. 汇编语言 6. assembly language f. 数据库管理员 7. gateway g. 数字图像处理 8. laser technology h. 网关 9. digital image processing i. 制造过程 10.manufacturing process j. 激光技术 1. （ ） 6. （ ） 2. （ ） 7. （ ） 3. （ ） 8. （ ）