高考英语十六种时态精讲及练习题附答案
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高考英语十六种时态及练习题
1 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语:every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
2 一般过去时的用法
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)last night (week, month, year…), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago…just now,等。
Where did you go just now?
2) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去时。例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。)
He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。)
3) 有时可代替一般现在时,表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。情态动词could, would.
例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借车用一用,可以吗?)Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在这里吗?)
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示的是与现在有关联的过去事件;而一般过去时则与现在毫无关系,只是单纯的过去的情况。比较:I have lost my pen, so I have to buy one. 我丢了钢笔,所以得去买一枝。
I lost my pen, but found it later. 我丢了钢笔,但后来找到了。
当句子中有表示明确过去的状语时,只能用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时。如:
他一周以前动身去了纽约。
误:He has left for New York a week ago. 正:He left for New York a week ago.
另外,当句首为疑问词when时,其后可用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时。如:
你什么时候和他首次见面的?
误:When have you first met him? 正:When did you first meet him?
3一般将来时
一、意义:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。
时间标志:tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening ……
二. 构成及变化:
一般将来时常用的两种结构
be going to+动词原形: 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。
shall/will+动词原形: 表示将要发生的动作或情况,没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿He’s going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约.
It will rain tonight.
一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3)在时间或条件句中。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
4.过去将来时(would do)
概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
(一)“would+动词原形”。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如
He said he would come to see me.
他说他要来看我。
He told me he would go to Beijing.
他告诉我他将去北京。
(二)“was/ were+going to+动词原形”。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:She said she was going to start off at once.
她说她将立即出发。
I was told that he was going to return home.
有人告诉我他准备回家。
此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如: