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第一章
测绘Surveying
测定survey
测设layout setting-out survey
普通测量学general survey
大地测量学geodetic survey
摄影测量与遥感学photogrammetry and remote sensing
海洋测绘学marine surveying
工程测量学engineering surveying
制图学cartography
测量基准面datum plane
大地水准面geodetic surface; geiod
铅垂线plumb-line
水准面level plane
参考椭球面reference ellipsoid
旋转椭球rotating ellipsoid
大地坐标系Geodetic coordinate system
大地经度earth longitude （B）
大地纬度earth latitude （L）
空间直角坐标系spatial rectangular coordinates
独立平面直角坐标系independent plane rectangular coordinate system 高斯平面直角坐标系Gauss plane rectangular coordinate system
高斯投影Gaussian projection
高程系统height system
高程原点height datum
曲率curvity/curvature
平面控制测量The plane control survey 高程控制测量Elevation control survey
第二章
水准测量Leveling Surveying
水平视线horizontal sight
高程elevation：height
高差Difference of height
后视backsight
前视foresight
水准尺Leveling rod
水准仪The Level（instrument）水准点Bench Mark
尺垫turning point plate
微倾式水准仪slightly leaning level （instrument）
望远镜telescope
水准气泡bubble
管水准器tube level bubble
圆水准器round level bubble
基座base
物镜objectives
目镜eyepieces
聚焦透镜the focus lens
十字丝分划板the cross partition board 目镜调焦螺旋eyepiece optical screw 物镜调焦螺旋objectives optical screw 管水准器tube level bubble
圆水准器round level bubble
三脚架The tripod
视差parallax
视准轴Collimation axis
水准点Bench mark
水准路线Leveling line
闭合水准路线Alosed level route：A loop level route
附合水准路线 A line level route：Annexed level route,
支水准路线An open-ended level route：Spur level route.
转点Turning point
闭合差misclosures
闭合差允许误差：Misclosure allowable error
检核check
校正Calibration
自动安平水准仪Autometic level
补偿器compensator
铟瓦水准尺Invar rod
电子水准仪Electronic level
条码尺Barcode rod
误差：error
仪器结构部件中英文对照：
1. Slightly sloping spiral：微倾螺旋
2. Partition board shield：分划板护罩
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3. Eyepiece：目镜
4. The objective convergence spiral：物镜对光螺旋
5. Braking spiral：制动螺旋
6. Fine-tune the spiral：微动螺旋
7.Base：底板
8. Triangle linking piece：三角压板
9.Feet spiral: 脚螺旋
10. Spring cap：弹簧冒
11. The telescope：望远镜
12 . Objective ：物镜
13. Tube level：管水准器
14 .Round level manometers：圆水准器
15. Connections small screws: 连接小螺丝
16. Shaft block: 轴座
第三章
角度测量Angles surveying
水平角Horizontal angle(HA)
竖直角The vertical angle(VA)
光学经纬仪optical theodolite(transit) 照准部Collimation device
望远镜Telescope,
竖直度盘vertical dish, vertical circle
水准管Level bubble
读数设备Readings equipment
水平度盘Horizontal dish
测微尺Micro-distance measuring sensor
垂球Plumb bob
对中centering
整平level
光学对中器optical centering device
侧回法Observation set method
方向观测法direction observation method
竖直角指标误差Index error of vertical angle
竖轴The vertical axis VV
水平轴The horizontal axis HH
望远镜视准轴The telescope collimation CC 对中误差Plummet error
目标偏心差Target eccentric error
电子经纬仪Electronic theodolite
第四章
距离测量Distance surveying
直线定向line orientation
钢尺Steel tape
定线Fixing line
视距测量Stadia measurement
电磁波测距仪Electromagnetic rangefinder
微波测距仪Microwave rangefinder
光电测距仪Photoelectric rangefinder 激光测距仪Laser rangefinder
红外测距仪Infrared rangefinder
相位测距仪Phase type rangefinder
脉冲式测距仪Pulsed rangefinder
全反射棱镜Total reflecting prisms
真北方向True north direction
磁北方向Magnetic north direction
坐标北方向Coordinates north direction 方位角Azimuth
真方位角True azimuth (A)
磁方位角Magnetic azimuth(Am)
坐标方位角Grid azimuth(α)
磁偏角Magnetic declination
子午线收敛角meridian convergence
罗盘compass
第五章
全站仪TOTAL STATION
水平制动、微动螺旋Horizontal motion clamp, Horizontal tangent screw
光学对中器Optical plummet telescope 粗瞄镜Sighting collimator
物镜Objective lens
整平脚螺旋Leveling screw
竖直制动、微动螺旋Vertical motion clamp, Vertical tangent screw
目镜Telescope eyepiece
管水准器Plate level
圆水准器Circle level
单棱镜组Single prism system
超站仪(Smart station) Automatic total station , ultra station instrument
交会测量Resection measurement
放样测量Setting-out survey
对边测量Missing Line Measurement (MLM)
悬高测量Remote Elevation Measurement (REM)
第六章
测量平差：Surveying Adjustment
测量误差：surveying errors
系统误差：Systematic error
偶然误差：random error；accidental error
最或是值：The most probable value
多余观测：Redundant observation
算术平均值：arithmetic average ；Arithmetic means
精度指标：Accuracy index
中误差：Root mean square error (RMSE)
允许误差：Allowable error
相对误差：Relative error
观测值改正数：Observation correction value
误差传播定律：Law of errors propagation
全微分：Total differential
权：Weight
加权平均值：The weighted average （mean）
权倒数传播定律：Weight reciprocal propagation law
第七章
控制测量：Control surveying
碎部测量：detailed surveying
平面控制网:Plane control network
高程控制网:Elevation control network 小区域控制网：Small area control network
控制点：control points
国家控制网：State Control net
GPS测量：GPS surveying
导线测量：traverse surveying
三角测量：trigonometric survey
三边测量：trilateral surveying
光电测距仪：photoelectric rangefinder 闭合导线：Closed traverse;
附和导线：Connecting traverse;
支导线：Open traverse.
野外勘察：Field reconnaissance
坐标方位角：Coordinates azimuth
交会定点：Intersection fixed-point
测边交会：Side-surveying intersection
第八章
大比例尺地形图测绘：Topographic Surveying and Mapping in Large Scale 地形:Terrain
地物:Ground feature
地貌:Landscape
比例尺:Scale
依比例符号：Proportional symbols
非比例符号：Disproportional symbols 半比例尺符号（线性符号）:Semi- Disproportional symbols (Linear symbols )
地形图图式:map schemata
地貌符号:Landscape symbols
等高线:Contour line
注记符号:Note symbols
等高距:contour interval
等高线平距:contour horizontal distance 山头:Peak
洼地:depressions
示坡线:slope line
山脊:Ridge
与山谷: valley
合水线:Close waterline
分水线:watershed line
鞍部（垭口）:Saddle
陡坡:Steep
悬崖:cliff
首曲线（又称基本等高线）:intermediate contour
计曲线（又称加粗等高线）:index contour 间曲线（又称半距等高线）:half-interval contour
地形图分幅与编号:Subdivision and index
梯形分幅与编号:Trapezoid subdivision and index
平板仪及其使用:Plane table
视距丝:Stadia silk
竖直角的竖盘:Perpendicular plate
地形图的拼接:splice
地形图的整饰:trim
第九章
图号、图名和接图表：map number, map name, adjacent map chart
图廓：Map border
比例尺：Scale
坡度比例尺：Slope scale
横断面：transverse section
纵断面: Longitudinal section, Vertical section, Longitudinal profile
汇水面积：catchment area
土方量估算：Earthwork estimating Highway route selection：高速路选线
数字地面模型：Digital terrain model （DTM）
第十章
工程测量：construction surveying
测设（放样）Setting out (layout, position):
Layout putout setout 第十一章
交点Intersection point
路线转角Course turning angle （route turning angle）
里程Mileage
里程桩Mileage pile
转点Turning point
导线点Route point
圆曲线起点Begin circle
圆曲线中点Middle circle
圆曲线终点End circle
复曲线公切点Point
圆曲线Circular curve
圆曲线测设元素Circular Curve Surveying Elements
切线长Tangent length
曲线长Curve length
外距Outside distance
圆曲线详细测设detailed layout of circular curve
切线支距法Tangent offset method
偏角法：deflection-method
缓和曲线Transition curve
曲率curvature curvity
平曲线Horizontal curve (plane curve) 极坐标法(Polar coordinating method
圆外基线法(External circular baseline method)
复曲线mixed curve Compound Curve 回头曲线Hair-pin Curve
第十二章
纵断面Longitudinal profile surveying 横断面latitude profile surveying
基平测量control leveling。
