主谓一致
重难点分析
主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的数。
一、主谓一致原则一览表
二、概念归纳
1. 表时间、距离、金额、重量、数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。如：
Two hours is quite enough. 两个小时足够了。
2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数。
①表学科的名词(physics等)、书报名(the Times等)、国名(the United States等)或组织名称(the United Nations等)及news作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
②单复数同形的名词，如means, works等作主语时，谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定。如：
Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了。
③the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数。
①people, police, cattle, youth等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
②clothing, furniture, equipment等名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③family, class, government等名词表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数，表单位成员时谓语动词用复数。
4. “a number of / a variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of / the variety of+复数名词”、“the+形容词”作主语指抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is loved by all. (表抽象的概念) 美的事物人人都爱。
5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但名词前有each, every, no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Walking and riding are good exercises. 散步和骑车是很好的运动。
Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday. 每个男孩与女孩都想要假期。
注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人、物或概念时，谓语动词仍用单数。如：The teacher and writer is popular with his students. 那位是作家兼老师，很受学生欢迎。(指同一人)
6. 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。如：
What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。
What we need are books. 我们需要的是书籍。
7. 主语后接with, together with, including, combined with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, rather than, in addition to等构成的介词短语时，谓语根据主语的单复数而定。如：John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该收到责备。
8. 在“one of+复数名词+who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数；但当one之前有the only/very 等修饰时，从句中的动词用单数。如：
This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning. 她是今天早上上课迟到的女孩之一。
This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning. 她是唯一一个今天早上上课迟到的女孩。
9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。如：
A pair of shoes is under the bed. 床下有一双鞋。
10. 由“a lot of / lots of / plenty of / half of / the rest of / most of +名词/代词”或“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词视其所接的名词决定单复数。如：
Three fifths of the books are intended for the poor students. 五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的。
The rest of the money belongs to you. 剩下的钱是你的。
11. 由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词或代词作主语及there be结构中，谓语动词与它靠近的主语保持一致。如：
Not only we but also the teacher likes watching the CBA basketball games. 不仅是我们，还有老师
也喜欢看CBA篮球赛。
12. “不定代词(all指人除外)、many a +名词单数、more than one +名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
All has been finished. 所有的都完成了。
All are late for the meeting. 所有人开会都迟到了。
More than one person has made the suggestion. 不仅一个人提出了建议。
考点练透
一、单句填空用be动词或所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The United States of America ___________ one of the most developed countries in the world.
2. Every means ___________ tried, but in vain.
3. Not only my sister but also I ___________ good at painting. Both of us ___________ good
painters.
4. Going to bed early ___________ a good habit.
5. I, who ___________ your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
6. “All ___________ present and all ___________ going on well,”the chairman said.
7. The old ___________ taken good care of in our country.
8. An iron and steel works, with some other factories ___________ to be built here.
9. The number of people invited ___________ fifty, but a number of them ___________ absent for different reasons yesterday.
10. I as well as they ___________ ready to help you.
11. What we need ___________ enough water, but what they need ___________ houses.
12. Her family ___________ larger than mine and her family ___________ watching TV now.
13. There ___________ a big table and six chairs in the dining room.
14. The rest of food ___________ (leave) for the rest of the students who ___________ (have) gone to the library.
15. We need one of the students who ___________ at the meeting.
He is the only one of the students who ___________ (speak) English fluently.
16. Many a student in our class ___________ pop music while many students in their class ___________ classic music. (like)
17. Each of them ___________ Chinese food. They each ___________ Chinese food. (enjoy)
18. The worker and writer referred to ___________ (go) to write a comedy.
19. This kind of cartoons ___________ well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind ___________ badly. (sell)
20. No boy and no girl ___________ (prevent) by the heavy rain from taking part in the activity.
二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
My School Life
The number of teachers and students in our school 1 (be) about 2,000 and two thirds of the students in my class 2 (be) girls. All 3 (be) going on well in my class and every boy and every girl 4 (be) ready to help others. Li Lin is the only one of my best friends who 5 (come) from Guangzhou, and the rest 6 (be) local people. Politics 7 (be) my favorite subject and listening to music 8 (be) what I often do in my spare time. Whether I can be admitted to university 9 (be) still unknown, but what I need to do now 10 (be) not wasting any time.
三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
First Aid Kit
We should all have one, and in fact, we should all have more than on e. 1 (recommend) state that you should carry a first aid kit in the car, there should be a first aid kit in the home, in the office, at school, when you go out hiking, cycling or on any other type of outdoor adventure, we need access 2 first aid kits at all times. Make sure that you find out 3 the first aid kits 4 (store) when
they are needed. Being prepared for an emergency is vital, and a well-stocked (备货充足的) first aid kit can make sure that you are ready for emergencies as 5 happen.
First aid kits are available ready made in many different shapes and sizes. Many people find 6 convenient to buy a ready-made first aid kit, it saves having to think, 7 other people prefer to make up their own first aid kit and buy the necessary items 8 (individual). Even if you buy a ready-made first aid kit, however, you’ve still got to check it out occasionally to:
◆replace any items which have been used
◆replace any medications which 9 (become) out of date
◆stock up on personalized medication
◆make sure that the batteries still work in the flashlight
There are some items which must be included in your first aid kit and 10 which are more personal. The stuff (东西) you must include are: …(Please find out the items on your own.) 助读词汇
ready-made adj. 现成的medication n.药物
vital adj. 至关重要的occasionally adv. 偶尔；不定期地
available adj.可用的personalized adj. 个性化的
flashlight n.手电筒at all times 始终
go hiking 去远足out of date 过期的
check out 核实stock up on 置办
四、佳作欣赏下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，注意其中主谓一致的问题，用心体会其用法。
Dear David,
How are you getting on with everything? I have got some good news to tell you.
I won the Experience UK Knowledge Contest last week and I will be given a chance to visit Britain for eight days in January at no charge! I am really grateful to you for all your help with my English learning. By exchanging emails with you, I have learned a lot about native English as well as a lot of knowledge about Britain.
I will tell you about the arrangements for the trip when I have got further information about it. Hopefully we can meet each other in your home country during my stay there.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
参考答案
考点练透
一、单句填空
1. is
2. has been
3. am; are
4. is
5. am
6. are; is
7. are
8. is
9. was; were 10. am 11. is; are 12. is; are 13. is 14. is left; have 15. speak; speaks 16. likes; like 17. enjoys; enjoy
18. is going 19. sells; sell 20. was prevented
二、语篇填空
1. is
2. are
3. is
4. is
5. comes
6. are
7. is
8. is
9. is 10. is
三、语法填空
本人主要介绍急救箱以及如何置办急救箱。
1. Recommendations 作主语用名词形式，根据state是非第三人称单数谓语可知要用复数。注意首字母要大写。
2. to 习惯搭配access to…意为“可以使用，接近，用到”。
3. where 空的前后是两个分句，故一定是填连接词，肯定句意可知，此处应填where引导宾语从句，作find out的宾语。
4. are stored 分析句子成分可知，store在此处作谓语，故只需要考虑时态和语态：时态是一般现在时，语态要用被动。故填are stored。(做语法填空题时，只要做到有根有据，一般都不会错)
5. they 分析句子成分可知，此处缺少主语填代词。they指代前面的emergencies。
6. it 作形式宾语。真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to buy a ready-made first aid kit。
7. although 引导让步状语从句。句意：虽然其他人更喜欢制作自己的急救箱和单独地买各种所需物品，但很多人觉得买一个现成的急救箱很方便，这样不用考虑太多。
8. individually 副词修饰动词。individually修饰前面的动词buy。
9. have become 此处become作谓语，考虑时态与语态。此外由第一点replace any items which have been used也可知此题也应该用现在完成时。句意：替换那些已经过期的药品。
10. others 根据前面的some可知，some…others…一些……其他。此题考查不定代词。
中考英语主谓一致专项练习1 ( ) 1 -Have you got some water to drink? -Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was ( ) 2 _____ there many American friends in the school last Friday? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were ( ) 3 There ____ a great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was ( ) 4 -How many children ____ in the picture? -Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there 2 ( ) 1 In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was ( ) 2 Most of our earth____ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were ( ) 3 Sunday ____ the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be ( ) 4 Neither___right. A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't 3 ( ) 1 The population of the world ____ still ____ now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown ( ) 2 There ____ many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have ( ) 3 These police often___the children across the street.
蚄主谓一致 蚈1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 肈2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 螃（1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 螃I often help him and he often helps me. 聿（2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 薆The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3） （4）蒂就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 蕿并列主语的谓语一致 1. 2.芆And 羄（1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 芁Tom and Jack are close friends. （2） （3）虿两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 蚇The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （4） （5）蒁被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 肀every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 蝿Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （6） （7）肈一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 膃Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020
I．单数主语： 1．当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2．当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！） ● Each girl and boy has a . ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. （这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。） ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder si ster have come to see him. II．复数主语： 1．当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
主谓一致专项练习 Last revision date: 13 December 2020.
高一英语下册语法（主谓一致）专项练习题 主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement) 主谓一致指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致. (一)语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1.单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人 迟来用餐 2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了. 4.用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙. 5.each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说 6.若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们. 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因 而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人. None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急. 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:
英语语法主谓一致 指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题，可依据三项原则：语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。根据这些原则，总结如下： 一.谓语动词用单数 (1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数动词。 例如：To work hard is necessary.努力工作是必要的。 Reading without comprehension is no good.只读不理解是不好的。 It pays to work hard. 天道酬勤。 (2)事件、国家、机构名称、书刊及其他作品的名称(专有名词)用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：The United States was formed in 1776.美国于1776年成立。 The New York Times still has a wide circulation.纽约时报发行量仍然很大。 Roots is a novel about a black family.《根》是一部关于(美国)黑人家庭的小说。 (3)表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 例如：Two weeks was too long.两周太长了。 Ten dollars is a small sum.十美元是个小数目。 Five times five makes twenty five.五乘以五是二十五。 One and a half bananas is left on the table.一只半香蕉留在桌子上。 4)表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.语言学是人类语言中的一个分枝。(5)有些名词形式是复数，意义为单数，作主语时，要求单数动词。 例如：The chaos was stopped by the police.混乱被警察阻止了。 The news is a great encouragement to us.这新闻对我们来说是一个很大的鼓舞。 Her present whereabouts is still unknown.她目前的行踪仍然不明。 (6)主语是单数时，尽管后面跟as well as (以及)，no less than (不少于……，多达)，rather than(而不是)，more than(不止是，超过)，but(除了)，except(除……外)，besides( 加之，还有)，with(和……一起，和……一块儿)，along with(跟……一起)，accompanied by ( 由……陪同)，combined with(加上)，in addition to(除……以外)，including(包括)，together with(与……一起)等，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 (7)某些不定代词，如：either,neither,each,one,other,another,anybody,anyone, anything,somebody,someone,something,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等，当他们作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例如：Each of the boys has an apple.每个孩子都有苹果。 Somebody is using the phone.有人正在用电话。 Everything around us is matter.我们周围一切都是物质。 但是口语中当either或neither后+of+复数名词(或代词)作定语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。例如：Is (Are)either of the boys ready?两个男孩都准备好了吗? Neither of the novels is (are)interesting.哪一本小说都没意思。 (8)集合名词作主语表示整体概念时，动词用单数谓语形式。 例如：The government is made up of senior members of the four main right wing parties. 这届政府由四个主要右翼党的高级官员组成。 His family is not very large.他的家庭并不太大。 The staff of our school is opposed to the drastic changes in the system of education.
主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. （2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 并列主语的谓语一致 1.And （1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. （2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。 Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. （5）由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数 What he says and does do not agree.（言行不一致） What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/等+名词”结构时，谓语单复数不受这些词影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 1.集合名词 （1）表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数形式；强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。 如：family，company, committee, government, nation,
初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致 语法归纳总结 一. 词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1. 名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 例：boy, morning, bag, home, class, orange. 2. 代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。 例：who, she, you, it . 3. 形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 例：good, right, white . 4. 数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。 例：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5. 动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。 例：am, is,are,have,see . 6. 副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。 例：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7. 冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 例：a, an, the. 8. 介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。 例and, but, before . 10. 感叹词(interj..)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
例：oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例：I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 例：Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担 任。 例：My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例：He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语 一般放在直接宾语的前面。 例：He wrote me a letter. 他给我写了一封信。 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。 例：He wrote a letter to me. 他给我写了一封信。 5. 定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。 例：Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 6. 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词担任。 例：He works hard. 他工作努力。 7. 宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。
所谓“主谓一致”就是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致。主谓一致有许多语法规定，这里作一个比较全面的总结与归纳。但有一点必须指出，光是总结还不等同于大家已掌握了主谓一致，正是因为其繁琐性与固定性，要求同学们熟记在心并通过反复练习来巩固。 1．动词不定式、动名词，或者主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：What we want is some water． 我们需要水。 To say something is usually easier than to do something． 说一些事往往要比做一些事容易。 Whether he will come is still unknown． 他是否会来还不知道。 注： ①当若干个动词不定式，动名词或主语从句被and连接起来当主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如： What he says and what he does don’t agree． 他言行不一致。 Where he comes from and what he is doing here are secrets． 他来自哪儿和他在这儿干什么都是谜。 ②由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容若是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如： What we need is more time． What we need are doctors． 2．“就近一致”原则。 当一个句子有两个主语，这两主语又是由“not only…but also”， “either…or…”“neither…nor”连接起来时，谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致。如：Not only he but also I am good at English． 我们俩英语都不错。 Either they or he is to come． 不是他们就是他会来的。 3．当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，常作为一个整体来看，谓语动词用单数。 Five years is a long time to wait for an answer． 为了等待一个答复4年时间够长的。 The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago． 李白诗集很久以前就出版了。 25,000 miles is a long distance． 两万五千里是很长的一段路程。 4．由and连接的两个并列主语一般谓语动词用复数。如： Plastics and rubber never rot． 塑料与橡皮永远不会腐烂。 注：当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有every, each, no, many a修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 In our country, every boy and every girl has the right to receive education．
语法复习二、主谓一致 语法复习二、主谓一致 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在 人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大 致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就 近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为 复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His faworkingarm. / To study English wellasy. / What he said is vant for us all. / The children wlawo hours ago. / Readingun is bad for you注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是 复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought wglish books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised ward the news. / Band he are
Young P注意：① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人 或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, evan a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher wa/ No boy and no girl l、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather thaan, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓 语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr Ggether wwife and children, haa. / Nobody but Jim and Mike walayground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4、ach, every 或no +单数名词和由some, avery 构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is ma注意：① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Nxts is (are)g. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.
考点 03 主谓一致
【命题解读】 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主 谓一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就 近一致三个方面上。 【命题预测】 主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形 式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，总体难度系数较低，纵观近年的高考真题，主谓一 致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。预计 2018 年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。 【复习建议】 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致； 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配； 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 His father is working on the farm. 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、 To study English well is not easy. 动名词短语或从句作主语时， 谓语动词一 语法一致 般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词 用复数形式。 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all.
1
Lucy and Lily are twins. 2. 由连接词 and 或 both …… and 连接起来 的合成主语后面， 要用复数形式的谓语动 词。 She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词， 尽管后面跟有 with，together with，except，but，like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides，including 等引起的短语， playground. 谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数， 谓语用复数形式。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. Mr. Green ， together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
4. either，neither，each，every 或 no + Each of us has a new book. 单数名词和由 some，any，no，every 构 Everything around us is matter. 成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
He is one of my friends who are working 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that，who， hard. which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 He is the only one of my friends who is 句中先行词的数一致。 working hard.
一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体， 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其 monitor. 谓语动词就用复数形式。 语法一致 这些词有 family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 注：people，police，cattle 等名词一般都 用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of， the rest of， There are a lot of people in the classroom.
2
（英语）英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析 一、主谓一致 1．Neither your sister nor mine the good news. Let’s tell them. A．know B．knows C．had known D．have known 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：你的妹妹和我的妹妹都不知道这个好消息，让我们告诉他们。根据neither...nor...表示两者都不，谓语动词采用就近原则。根据题意可知故选B 考点：考查主谓一致 2．There a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow afternoon. A．is B．has C．will be D．will have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：明天下午在8班和12班之间将有一场篮球比赛。A. is是，单数；B. has有，第三人称单数；C. will be将是；D. will have将有。这里是there be句型，不能出现have/has，排除BD；根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon.可知用一般将来时，其结构是there will be+主语+介词短语。根据题意，故选C。 3．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 4．The boys ____________ from America like China A．who is B．are C．which is D．who are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。
主谓一致语法总结 ----安顺一中曹方平供稿 一．就近原则：在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be…句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。 例：only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project. you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager. 二．集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。 例：class are busy working on the exercises at the moment . team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games . 三．当两个名词用with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 例：, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week. son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母) 四．当each, neither, either 以及由every, any, no, some 与one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例：of the girls is fond of pop music in her class. is expecting you at the school gate . 但none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。 例：None of them are / is interested in local music. 另外：当every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。 例：student is preparing for the final examination now. boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment. teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place . each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语，谓语由主语they确定) 五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。 例：hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。 kilometers was covered in two hours .
小学英语语法中的主谓一致 1) 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 2)当either or 与neither nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
高三语法专项复习主谓 一致练习 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
2016届高考语法专项复习 主谓一致练习 1. Whom _______ this pair of glasses belong to and whose ________ the glasses on the table A. does; is B. do; are C. does; are D. do; is2. There _______ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.A. are B. is C. has D. have3. The United States of America ________ one of the most developed countries in the world.A. is B. are C. was D. were4. “All ______ present and al l ________ going on well,” our monitor said.A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are5. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _________ very difficult.A. is B. are C. was D. were6. The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas ______ that they are not renewable.A. has been B. are C. have been D. is7. More than one example _______ necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly.A. should be B. is C. are D. have been8. Although many of the houses in the small town ______ still in need of repair, there _______ lots of improvement in their appearance.A. are; has been B. is; have beenC. is; are D. are; was9. Going to bed early and getting up early _________ a good habit. A. is B. are C. were D. was10. The police _______ asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with _______.A. have; them