Module 4 Music
Step 1 课前准备——模块考点自查自测
1.词汇分层级识记过关
2.语境活用填写过关
3.经典句式背诵仿写过关
4.类词巧积累事半功倍
(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用
(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用
(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵
Step 2 课堂探究——核心考点点点突破
1.重点难点考点学通练透
2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野
3.方法规律技巧权威点拨
4.面面俱到打创高效课堂
第一时段Introduction, Reading And Vocabulary 1．combine v．结合，联合
[教材原句] The pipa sounds and the pauses combine to make a poetry of sound.
琵琶的声音和乐曲中的抑扬顿挫结合在一起，给音乐赋予了诗的意境。
(1)combine... with/and... 把……和……结合起来
combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事；联合起来促成某事
be combined with 与……相结合
(2)combination n. 联合；结合；混合
in combination with 与……联合起来
单句语法填空
①If he can combine his ability ________ hard work, he should be very successful.
②Several factors combined ________(harm) our friendship.
③But that has to ________(combine) with services that make it more likely.
单句改错
④The firm is working on a new product in combine with several overseas partners.____________
[答案] ①with/and ②to harm ③be combined
④combine→combination
[思维发散] 表示“把……与……相连接”的短语还有：connect... with/to...; associate... with...; link... with/to...; relate... to...等。
2．draw upon/on利用，凭借，依赖
[教材原句] Drawing upon more than 1,500 years of Chinese music, Twelve Girls Band mixes this rich tradition with classical, folk and contemporary sounds.
依托中国1500多年的音乐文化，“女子十二乐坊”将这千年积淀的传统与古典、民族、时尚音乐融为一体。
draw near/close (时间、空间的)临近
draw a conclusion 得出结论
draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意
补全句子
①With Christmas ________________，many supermarkets ________________ discount to ________________.
随着圣诞节的临近，许多超市利用打折来吸引消费者的注意。
②Scientists _____________________________________ that
smoking is greatly associated with lung cancer.
科学家们已得出结论：肺癌与吸烟有很大的关系。
[答案] ①drawing near; drew upon/on; draw the consumers' attention②have drawn a conclusion
3．make contact with与……进行来往，和……联系
[教材原句] Since I moved to Canada, I have had opportunities to make contact with other musical traditions and play with master musicians.
自从移居加拿大，我有机会接触到了其他音乐传统并跟一些音乐大师同台演出。
have contact with... 接触到；与……有联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep/be in contact with 与……保持联系
be out of contact with 与……没有联系
句型转换
①When communication becomes more efficient, people a re able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.
→When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to _________________________________________ one another nomatter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.
补全句子
②Though they all lived nearby, I soon ________________ them.
虽然他们都住在附近，但我很快就和他们失去联系了。
③We____________________________________ eachother for years. And last week we got into contact again.
我们多年没有联系了。上周我们又联系上了。
[答案] ①make contact with②lost contact with
③have been out of contact with
[技巧点拨] (1)keep/be in contact with和be out of contact with表状态，可和时间段连用；而make contact with和lose contact with表示动作，不能和时间段连用。
(2)contact用作动词时是及物动词，其后不需要加介词with。
4．give life to赋予……生命(生命力，活力)，增添……的生机
[教材原句] They give life to the whole painting and they allow people to come into the picture, like a dialogue.
它们给整幅作品带来生机，也使得观众融入图画，就像与图画进行对话。
give one's life for 献身于……，为……捐躯
bring... back to life 使……恢复生机
risk one's life 某人冒着生命危险
come to life 苏醒；活跃起来
单句改错
①The doctors did all they could to bring the sick man back life.____________
补全句子
②After the former manager returned from abroad, our company ________________ and the production doubled.
在前任总经理从国外回来后，我们的公司振作了起来，生产翻了一倍。
③The soldier ____________________________________ to rush into thefire to save the child.
那个士兵冒着生命危险冲进大火中去营救这个孩子。
[答案] ①在back后加to ②came to life③risked his life
[答案] 1.traditional 2.has played 3.was taught 4.biggest 5.to respect 6.to 7.the https://www.doczj.com/doc/f610719419.html,bination
第二时段Integrating Skills
1．regarding prep.关于
[教材原句] Call me if you have any problems regarding your work.
你如果还有什么关于工作方面的问题就给我打电话。
(1)regardless adv. 不管，不加理会
regardless of 不管，不顾
(2)regard v. 认为，看待
regard... as 把……看作
(3)in/with regard to(＝as regards) 关于……，在这点上
in this regard 在这点上
单句语法填空
①________(regard) money, I think that's no problem.
②Regardless ________ what his parents think, he is leaving home for a new job
in a big city.
单句写作
③我知道你对乒乓球非常感兴趣，乒乓球被认为是中国的国球。
I know you are very interested in ping－pong, which ________________ the National Ball Sport of China.
[答案] ①Regarding ②of ③is regarded as
2．relief n．(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻，调剂；救济
[教材原句] If you have a feeling of relief, do you feel relaxed and happy, or tense and sad?
如果你有一种解脱的感觉，那么你是感到放松、高兴还是感到紧张、伤心呢？
(1)to one's relief 令人感到欣慰的是
in relief 松了口气
What a relief! 多么令人欣慰啊！
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事令人欣慰
(2)relieve v. 使轻松(宽慰)，缓解；解脱
relieve sb. of... 解除某人……方面的负担
单句语法填空
①It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is make sure it's a ________(relieve) from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
②________(relieve), I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
补全句子
③Much ________________，my son was eventually admitted to a key university.
使我非常欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。
④It's a relief to know that the doctor has _____________________.
知道医生已经减轻了你的痛苦是很欣慰的事情。
[答案] ①relief ②Relieved ③to my relief
④relieved you of the pain
3．honour v．尊敬，敬重n．尊敬，敬意；荣誉，光荣
[教材原句] The group honours its musical heritage and shows a genuine love for all styles of music—from complex classical works to long－lasting pop tunes.
这支乐队尊崇自己的民族音乐遗产并且展现出对各种音乐风格的真实的热爱——从复杂的古典音乐作品到经久不衰的流行音乐。
(1)be honoured for... 因……而受到尊敬或获得荣誉
be honoured as... 被尊为……
be/feel honoured to do/of doing...
为做……而感到荣幸
(2)have the honour to do/of doing... 有幸做……
It is one's honour (for sb.) to do sth.
做某事是某人的荣幸
in honour of/in one's honour 为了纪念某人
an honour to sth./sb. 对……是光荣的
单句语法填空
①I will be ________(honour) to have you there with us, enjoying the colorful days.
②He is honoured ________ a model teacher.
补全句子
③I ________________________ to welcomethe respected guests.
我有幸发表演说来欢迎尊贵的客人。
④Washington, a state in the United States, was named ________________ one of the greatest American presidents.
华盛顿，美国的一个洲，是为了纪念美国最伟大的总统之一而命名的。
[答案] ①honoured②as③have the honour to make/of making a speech④in honour of
4．It's the same with...……也是一样
[教材原句] It's the same with classical Chinese music.
中国古典音乐也是一样。
It's the same with...＝So it is with...“……也这样”。
(1)It's the same with.../So it is with...句型主要用于：
A．前面句子的谓语既有肯定，又有否定时；
B．前面句子的主语既有人，又有物时；
C．前面句子的谓语既有be动词，又有实义动词时。
①He likes English but is not good at maths, ________________.
他喜欢英语但不擅长数学，汤姆也是如此。
(2)一个有单一谓语动词的陈述句，要表示与前面所陈述的动作或情况相同，意为“……也是如此”，肯定句用“so＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”，否定句中用neither/nor代替
so。
②My brother watched the movie TheFoundingofAnArmy this weekend, ________________.
我弟弟这个周末观看了电影《建军大业》，我也是。
③If you don't go tomorrow, ________________________________.
如果你明天不去，我也不去。
(3)“So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be”表示赞同，意为“某人/物的确如此”。
④—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
—________________ and ___________________________.
——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。
——他的确如此，你也是。
[答案] ①so it is with Tom/it is the same with Tom②so did I ③neither/nor will I ④So he is; so are you
[答案]
Like the Oscars in the film industry, the Grammy Awards are presenting
presented
every year in the music industry in the United States. The award ceremony is usually held
in the
＼February. The awards depend in
on how many votes each artist receive
receives
from
members of the Recording Academy. In addition∧
to the awards themselves, there were
are
also performances by famous artists at the ceremony.
There is a separate set of awards for Latin music, calling
called
the Latin Grammys, but only two awards for world music. However
Therefore
， it is very hard for musicians from a
the
rest of the world to win prizes.
What's more, because some people think the Grammys are not so important, they
don't take them serious
.
seriously
Step 3 课后演练——知识能力链接高考
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She does a lot of ________(volunteer) work for the Red Cross.
[答案] voluntary
2．Drawing ________ his own efforts, he succeeded in getting the job in that company in the end.
[答案] upon/on
3．________(relaxation) yourself and you are sure to pass the driving test.
[答案] Relax
4．To the doctor's ________(relieve), the patient came to himself.
[答案] relief
5．Diets are most effective when ________(combine) with exercise.
[答案] combined
6．It ________(depression) me to see so many young people smoking.
[答案] depresses/depressed
7．His ________(ambitious) to become a pilot was held back by his poor eyesight.
[答案] ambition
8．He always says and does what he thinks, ________(regard) of other people's feelings.
[答案] regardless
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Very to her relief, he came home safe and sound at last.____________
[答案] Very→Much
2．They went aboard the ship to express their cordial regard to the queen.____________
[答案] regard→regards
3．If your knowledge can be in some way combining with my experience, we are sure to finish the task very well.____________
[答案] combining→combined
4．Anson was forced to eat humble pie and public apologise to her.____________ [答案] public→publicly
5．It was a relaxed evening with friends, and we all enjoyed ourselves.____________
[答案] relaxed→relaxing
6．The moment when I saw her, I told her the good news.____________
[答案] 去掉when
7．All of sudden, someone grabbed me around the neck.____________
[答案] 在sudden前加a
8．For example, between 1880 and 1900, the monetary base in Italy actually shrink by 4.8%.____________
[答案] shrink→shrank
Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子
1．父母们不能容忍他们的孩子在聚会上表现得没礼貌，也不允许他们不服从自己的命令。(neither/nor)
The parents didn't tolerate their kids' rudeness at the party, ________________ themselves to be disobeyed.
[答案] neither/nor did they allow
2．我第一眼看到她时就对她留下了深刻的印象。(the moment)
I was deeply impressed with her ____________________.
[答案] the moment I saw her
3．他退休以后，为了保持健康，除了好的饮食之外，他还坚持锻炼。(in addition to) After he retired, he keeps on taking exercise to keep fit ________________.
[答案] in addition to a good diet
4．我们认为理论联系实际是重要的。(be combined with)
We think it important that ___________________________.
[答案] theory should be combined with practice
5．对我们来说学好英语非常重要。(It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.)
________________________________________________________ English well.
[答案] It is very important for us to learn
6．作家经常凭借想象力和经历来构思故事情节。(draw upon/on)
Writers often _____________________________ for storylines.
[答案] draw upon/on their imagination and experiences
高考题型分组训练
训练一语言知识运用板块训练——重情理，练准度
(限时：25分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2018·河南洛阳二模)Last year, I was not doing well in high school. I lost hope. But there was one person who gave me __1__. This person was my case manager, Mr. Logue. He gives special help to __2__ learners. His job is to help watch the grades of the kids he is __3__ to. He watches these kids to make sure they are doing __4__ in their classes.
Mr. Logue is a short, Italian man, who can be __5__，but also humorous. He is indeed the __6__ kind of person. I have never seen anyone do a better job at case management. With Mr. Logue, I told myself, “__7__ is n ot a choice.” I was not doing well in my __8__ and Mr. Logue helped me get my __9__ work turned in and he helped me with my study __10__.
Thanks to him, I was able to __11__ my grades by the end of the year. The sense of __12__ he taught me will __13__ with me for the rest of my life. He has taught me that there are going to be things we don't understand, but we still have to __14__ all the difficulties to get things done.
Mr. Logue once told me he wasn't the __15__ guy when he was in high school. This made me __16__ myself, and motivated me through the rest of the year. What makes Mr. Logue so helpful is how strict he is to get the job done. If he hadn't been so strict, __17__， I wouldn't have done __18__ I did. Mr. Logue will help you no matter what the __19__ is. I haven't had a more helpful case management in my life. He was the best help I've ever had. Thank you, Mr. Logue, for giving me the hope I needed to __20__ the school year.
语篇解读：作者在中学初期学习不是很好，反应有一些慢，但学校有一位非常有责任心的学习辅导者，他的工作就是辅导和鼓励那些孩子。在他的帮助下，作者不仅在学习上取得了进步，还学到了许多人生的哲理。
1．A.praise B．motivation
C．concern D．appreciation
[解析] 根据本段第一句话中的not doing well和第二句话中的lost hope以及最后一段中的and motivated me through the rest of the year可知，作者在学校表现得不好，也失去了希望，但是有一个人给了他动力。motivation意为“动力；积极性”，符合语境。praise意为“称赞”；concern意为“关心”；appreciation意为“感谢；欣赏”。
[答案] B
2．A.disabled B．original
C．slow D．amateur
[解析] 根据本段前两句话可知，作者在学习上遇到了困难，而设空处前的help说明他是一个在学习上需要帮助的人，而洛格先生的工作就是帮助那些在学习上有困难的人或者学习反应慢的人。slow意为“慢的”，符合语境。disabled意为“残疾的”；original意为“原始的；最初的”；amateur意为“业余爱好的”。
[答案] C
3．A.devoted B．contributed
C．dedicated D．assigned
[解析] 根据本句话中的His job is to help watch the grades of the kids可知，他的工作就是观察那些不同年级的在学习上反应慢的孩子。assign意为“分派；选派；分配”，符合语境。devote意为“奉献”；contribute意为“贡献；投稿(给杂志等)”；dedicate意为“致力于；献身于”。
[答案] D
4．A.actively B．well
C．quickly D．obediently
[解析] 根据上文可知，他的工作是观察那些学习上反应慢的孩子，并且给他们帮助，以保证这些孩子在课上能够做得更好。well在此意为“好地”，符合语境。actively意为“积极地”；quickly意为“迅速地”；obediently意为“服从地；顺从地”。
[答案] B
5．A.serious B．hard
C．careless D．generous
[解析] 根据本句话中的but also humorous可知，作者说“但是他也会非常幽默”，说明本句话指的是与幽默对立的一面，也就是严肃。serious意为“严肃的”；hard意为“艰难的”；careless意为“粗心的”；generous意为“慷慨的”。
[答案] A
6．A.knowledgeable B．caring
C．patient D．get－it－done
[解析] 根据后文中的do a better job at case management可知，他是一个让事情得到更好解决的人。get－it－done意为“执行力强的”，符合语境。knowledgeable意为“有知识的；博学的；有见识的”；caring意为“关心他人的”；patient意为“耐心的”。
[答案] D
7．https://www.doczj.com/doc/f610719419.html,cation B．Achievement
C．Schooling D．Failure
[解析] 根据最后一段中的motivated me through the rest of the year和giving me
the hope可知，此处指作者也告诫自己“不许失败”。
[答案] D
8．A.classes B．management
C．fields D．assignment
[解析] 根据第一段最后一句话中的in their classes可知，洛格先生的工作是观察不同年级的孩子在课上的表现，而作者就是一个在班里表现不是非常优秀的学生。
[答案] A
9．A.excellent B．late
C．poor D．absent
[解析] 根据空前的I was not doing well可知，作者学习不是很好。而在老师的帮助下，作者的功课虽然比别人完成的更晚一点，但是能完成并且交上了。late意为“晚的；迟的”。
[答案] B
10．A.designs B．talents
C．skills D．papers
[解析] 结合常识和选项可知，洛格先生帮助那些学习上反应慢的学生，辅助他们完成功课，而且还帮助学生提高学习技能。skill意为“技能”，符合语境。design意为“设计”；talent意为“天分”；paper意为“报纸；论文”。
[答案] C
11．A.improve B．revise
C．witness D．redo
[解析] 根据空前Thanks to him可知，由于洛格先生的帮助，作者的学习逐渐有了进步。在学年末的时候，作者的成绩取得了很大的进步。improve意为“提高”，符合语境。revise意为“修改；修订”；witness意为“目击”；redo意为“重做”。
[答案] A
12．A.self－awareness B．experience
C．responsibility D．sacrifice
[解析] 结合上文可知，作者的成绩之所以逐步提高，是因为洛格先生有很强的责任感。responsibility意为“责任”，符合语境。self－awareness意为“自我意识”；experience 意为“经历；经验”；sacrifice意为“牺牲”。
[答案] C
13．A.share B．involve
C．compete D．stick
[解析] 老师无形中渗透在学生心中的这份责任感会对每一个孩子产生持久的影响，对
于作者来说，这份责任感就会一直影响着自己对待学习的态度。此处stick with sth.为固定搭配，意为“跟……在一起”，符合语境。share意为“分享”；involve意为“包含；需要”；compete意为“参加比赛；竞争”。
[答案] D
14．A.challenge B．conquer
C．ignore D．foresee
[解析] 根据洛格先生对作者的影响可知，洛格先生曾经告诉作者在世界上总有人们不能够理解的东西，但是仍然要克服所有的困难，把事情做好。本空与all the difficulties 是动宾关系。conquer意为“征服；克服”，符合语境。challenge意为“挑战”；ignore 意为“忽视”；foresee意为“预见”。
[答案] B
15．A.most diligent B．earliest
C．cleverest D．most promising
[解析] 结合前两段可知，作者在学习上是一个反应慢的学生。而洛格先生用自己的亲身经历告诉作者，他自己在上中学的时候也不是最聪明的孩子，但是他用自己的经历证明只要努力就会获得成功。diligent意为“勤勉的；勤奋的”；promising意为“有希望的；前途有望的”。
[答案] C
16．A.suspect B．evaluate
C．neglect D．trust
[解析] 根据本句话中的motivated me through the rest of the year可知，老师的话让作者更相信自己的能力，也鼓励着作者完成了接下来的学业。trust意为“信任”，符合语境。suspect意为“怀疑”；evaluate意为“评估；评价”；neglect意为“忽视；疏忽”。
[答案] D
17．A.besides B．thus
C．or else D．as a consequence
[解析] 根据上一句话可知，洛格先生之所以对学生有如此大的帮助，是因为他在完成学业的方面对学生要求非常严格。本句话中作者使用了虚拟语气，意思是如果洛格先生没有那么严格要求学生，或者稍有放松的话，自己和其他的同学就不会取得这么好的成绩。or else意为“否则；要不然”，符合语境。
[答案] C
18．A.as well as B．as far as
C．as good as D．as soon as
[解析] 作者认为如果洛格先生对学生放松要求，自己就不会像现在做得这么好。as well as中第二个as引导的是一个比较状语从句，是对自己的现在和过去进行比较，意为“和……一样好”，符合语境。
[答案] A
19．A.background B．situation
C．grade D．ambition
[解析] 在作者看来，洛格先生是一个了不起的人，无论你遇到什么样的情况，他都会伸出援手。situation意为“情形；情况”，符合语境。background意为“背景”；grade 意为“年级；等级”；ambition意为“志气；抱负；野心”。
[答案] B
20．A.finish off B．break through
C．go over D．get across
[解析] 作者意识到洛格先生是自己一生中遇到的最有帮助的人，他给了作者最好的帮助，现在作者向他表示感谢，感谢他给作者带来了希望，使作者能够完成学业。finish off 意为“完成”，符合语境。break through意为“冲破；突破”；go over意为“仔细检查”；get across意为“解释清楚；使被理解”。
[答案] A
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2018·山东枣庄二模)The ancient wisdom of Confucius is timeless. His thinking 1.____________(influence) the Chinese for thousands of years. However, English teaching seems to be one place 2.____________ his wisdom is forgotten.
I came to China 6 years ago, and quickly saw the plight(困境) of so many students
3.____________(struggle) to learn E nglish. They know a lot “about” English,
4.____________ they never master the language. They learned far more grammar than students in Western cultures and almost no oral training. They were made
5.____________(recite) sentences and passages from their books. Their teachers were spending 90% of the class talking to them “about” English in Chinese.
All effective language teaching in the world is built 6.____________ the basis of oral language. Students who excel in English are those that follow the wisdom of Confucius: they use language! They use it primarily by speaking and listening, 7.____________(eventual) supplemented(补充) by reading and writing. Every language is taught by gaining speaking competence long before grammar, reading and writing 8.____________(introduce)．
Chinese students work so hard. 9.____________ they learned English with correct
spoken instructions and classroom practice, they would have the 10.____________(high) English scores in the world and they would conquer English.
语篇解读：孔子的思想几千年以来一直影响着中国人，但在英语学习方面，很多人却忘记了学习语言最重要的一点，即运用语言，而这也是孔子的智慧。
1．[解析] 句意为：他的思想几千年以来一直引导着中国人。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知应用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响或结果。由主语His thinking 可知用第三人称单数，故填has influenced。
[答案] has influenced
2．[解析] 句意为：然而英语教学似乎是一个将他的思想忘却的领域。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词place，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
[答案] where
3．[解析] 句意为：我六年前来到中国，很快就看到很多学生艰难学习英语的困境。设空处应用现在分词作定语修饰students，表主动，故填struggling。
[答案] struggling
4．[解析] 句意为：他们对英语很了解，但却掌握不了这门语言。设空处前后内容为转折关系，故填but。
[答案] but
5．[解析] 句意为：他们被要求背诵书中的句子和段落。make是使役动词，用于被动语态时其后的动词不定式要带to，故填to recite。
[答案] to recite
6．[解析] 句意为：世界上所有有效的语言教学都是建立在口语的基础之上的。on the basis of为固定词组，意为“以……为基础”，故填on。
[答案] on
7．[解析] 句意为：他们先是通过听说来运用它，最后通过读写来补充。设空处应用副词修饰整句话，故填eventually。
[答案] eventually
8．[解析] 句意为：每种语言的教授都是先获得口语能力，之后再介绍语法和读写的。设空处与主语grammar，reading and writing为被动关系，故填are introduced。
[答案] are introduced
9．[解析] 句意为：如果他们有正确的口语指导和课堂练习，他们将取得世界上最高的英语分数并攻克英语。根据句意以及句子动词的变化可知，此句为虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句谓语动词为“should/would/might/could＋do”。此处表示条件，故填If。
[答案] If
10．[解析] 句意见上题解析。根据设空前的the以及句意可知应用形容词的最高级，故填highest。
[答案] highest
训练二主观应用题板块训练——重语法，练规范
(限时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2018·重庆九校联盟第一次联考)A humanoid robot(类人机器人) named Sophia has made history by becoming the first robot in the world 1.____________(award) citizenship. Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) on Wednesday offered citizenship to the robot, designed by David Hanson. Journalist Andrew Ross made the 2.____________(announce) at the end of an interview with Sophia.
Sophia 3.____________(response) , without missing a b eat, “I want to thank very much the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.”
“I am very 4.____________(pride) and honored for this unique distinction. This is historical to be the first robot in the world to be recognized with a citizenship，” the robot said. The partic ulars of the citizenship were not discussed, and it's not clear 5.____________ Sophia will have the same rights as a human Saudi Arabian citizen.
6．____________(discuss) the future of AI (Artificial Intelligence), Ross expressed concerns previously raised by Elon Musk 7.____________ artificial intelligence could be dangerous if it was to go evil and turn on humanity.
8.____________ Sophia insisted it wanted to use AI only to “help humans live a better life.”
Sophia tried to remove Ross' fears of a “bad future” , insisting that AI is “designed around human 9.____________(value) like wisdom, kindness, compassion”. It accused him 10.____________ “reading too much Elon Musk，” and said, “don't worry, if you're nice to me, I'll be nice to you. Treat me as a smart input－output system.”
语篇解读：一位名叫索菲娅的类人机器人成为全球首个被赋予公民权的机器人。谈论到人工智能的未来，很多人表示担忧，但是索菲娅坚持说它只想用人工智能帮助人类生活得更好。
1．[解析] 句意为：一位名叫索菲娅的类人机器人创造了历史，成为全球首个被赋予公民权的机器人。设空处前的名词robot由序数词first修饰，设空处应用不定式作定语，且robot和award之间为被动关系，故填to be awarded。
[答案] to be awarded
2．[解析] 句意为：记者安德鲁·罗斯在对索菲娅采访结束时发表了这个声明。根据设空处前的定冠词the可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，故填announcement。
[答案] announcement
3．[解析] 句意为：索菲娅毫不迟疑地回答说：“我非常感谢沙特阿拉伯王国。”此处描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，故填responded。
[答案] responded
4．[解析] 句意为：索菲娅说：“获此殊荣，我深感自豪与荣幸。成为世界上首个被赋予公民权的机器人，这是历史性的时刻。”根据设空处前的系动词am和副词very可知，设空处应为形容词，故填proud。
[答案] proud
5．[解析] 句意为：没有谈到公民权的细节，索菲娅是否与沙特公民享有完全相同的权利尚不清楚。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，意为“是否”，故填whether。
[答案] whether
6．[解析] 句意为：谈论到人工智能的未来，罗斯表达了之前埃隆·马斯克提出的担忧。马斯克担心，人工智能如果失去控制，攻击人类，会非常危险。设空处和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词，应用非谓语动词形式，且句子主语Ross和discuss之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，又位于句首，故填Discussing。
[答案] Discussing
7．[解析] 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的从句作concerns 的同位语，从句为担忧的内容，且从句中不缺成分，故填that。
[答案] that
8．[解析] 句意为：但索菲娅坚持说，它只想利用人工智能“帮助人类生活得更好”。前一句讲述的是人们对人工智能的担忧，此处讲述的是机器人对人工智能的期望，设空处前后文之间为转折关系，故填But。
[答案] But
9．[解析] 句意为：索菲娅试图打消罗斯对“糟糕的未来”的担忧，坚持说“人工智能是围绕人的价值观设计的，比如智慧、善良和同情。”value意为“价值观”时，常用复数，故填values。
[答案] values
10．[解析] 句意为：它指责他“过度解读了埃隆·马斯克”，说道：“不必担心，如果你对我好，我也会对你好。把我看成一个智能的输入输出系统就可以。”accuse sb. of (doing) sth.为固定搭配，意为“指责某人做某事”，故填of。
[答案] of
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2018·安徽“江淮十校”联考)Next week our school is going to hold a Reading Week, when has been organized by the Youth League and the Students' Union. The event aims all to help create a good learning environment and to encourage students to read good books. There will have two main activities. The one will involve any book stores coming to our school to give students the opportunity to buy books. The second are a recitation contest to be hold during the Reading Week. All students required to participate. Students will win prizes for reading some of their favorite poems or the essays in the recitation contest. And they should prepare well for the contest and enjoying taking part.
[答案]
Next week our school is going to hold a Reading Week, when which
has been organized
by the Youth League and the Students' Union. The event aims all both
to help create a
good learning environment and to encourage students to read good books. There will have be two main activities. The ∧first /one first will involve any some
book stores coming to our school to give students the opportunity to buy books. The second are is
a recitation
contest to be hold held during the Reading Week. All students ∧are
required to participate.
Students will win prizes for reading some of their favorite poems orthe ＼essays in the recitation contest. And they should prepare well for the contest and enjoying enjoy
taking part.
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2018·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试二) 假定你是李华。英国姊妹学校将来你校进行文化交流，你将作为学生代表在欢迎仪式上发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍一项中国传统文化；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
[答案]
Good morning, everyone! My name is Li Hua and it's my great pleasure to welcome our guests from our UK sister school. It's exciting to meet so many new friends.
As this is a cultural exchange program, I'd like to talk briefly about Chinese traditional culture, specifically Chinese painting. Traditional Chinese painting known as “guo hua” , is an enduring art form with a 2,000－year－long history. In contrast to western oil painting, it's usually done on Chinese art paper(宣纸) or thin silk, using various brushes and black or colored ink. With subjects ranging from landscapes to flora and fauna(动植物), these paintings not only reflect the Chinese conception of artistic beauty but also embody the principles of Chinese philosophical thinking. We're planning several visits to our city's art galleries so you can see for yourself.
I hope you'll have a fantastic time during your stay with us and enjoy the activities we have organized.
Thank you.
单词： 1.sophisticated adj. 复杂的；高级的；老练的；老于世故的；精通的 sophisticated devices used in spacecraft 航天器中的尖端装置 ①The young man is quite sophisticated for his age. 这个年轻人的世故与年龄不相称。 ②He is fairly sophisticated about biology. 他对生物学颇为精通。 知识拓展 sophisticate v. 使迷惑；掺杂；使(人)世故；使(人)懂事n. 老于世故的人；精于……之道的人unsophisticated adj. 不懂世故的；单纯的；纯洁的 即学即用 完成句子 即使经验丰富，成熟老练的读者阅读梭罗的作品也有困难。 ________ ________ ________ ________ readers have trouble with Thoreau's works. 答案：Even experienced and sophisticated 2．movement n. [C]运动；[U，C]活动；动作 ①A movement to protect non-smoker's right to health is going on in the country. 一场保护不抽烟者健康权利的运动正在国内进行着。 ②I had a broken leg, so movement was quite impossible. 我的腿骨折了，所以完全无法行动。 知识拓展 (1)enter a movement 参加运动 May 4th Movement 五四运动 in the movement 与时俱进；跟着潮流前进 (2)move v．移动；搬家；感动 n．移动；步骤；迁居；动作 get a move on马上开始，准备出发 We'd better get a move on before it rains. 我们最好在下雨之前赶快做。 即学即用 完成句子 (1)我决定迁居纽约。 I decided to ________ ________ ________ ________. (2)船的摇晃使我们进入了梦乡。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ rocked us to sleep. 答案：(1)move to New York (2)The movement of the ship 3．especially adv. 特别；尤其 ①I like the country especially in spring. 我喜欢乡村，尤其是在春天。 ②The road of life is long, but only a few steps are crucial especially during some years when people are young. 人生的道路虽然漫长，但在紧要处常常只有几步，特别是当人年轻的时候。 知识拓展 especial adj.特别的，特殊的 I want to tell you a thing of especial importance. 我想告诉你一件特别重要的事情。 辨析 specially, especially, particularly specially和especially都可表示“特别地”；但如果表示“专门地”；应用specially；表示“尤其地”应用especially。
选修六Module 1 ⒈lack (1)Lack money/ experience/ time (2)Be lacking in (3)For lack of ①健康问题与不好的饮食习惯及缺乏锻炼有很大的关系。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ②大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高层建筑。 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③由于缺乏睡眠，许多学生无法集中精力于学习上( 一句多译). Many students can’t concentrate on their studies for lack of sleep. Many students lack sleep, which makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Lacking sleep makes it difficult for many students to concentrate on their studies. Many students are lacking in sleep so that they can’t concentrate on their studies. ⒉advance Adj. 预先的在前的 预付款advance payment 提前做点某事do a little advance planning v.前进发展进步推动，将···提前 →advanced 先进的，高级的， advanced technology /society /courses n. in advance 提前、事先= ahead of time. ⒊In addition 此外，另外=besides, what’s more in addition to 除···之外= apart from// besides There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge In addition , you need to know how long you should stay. Except //except for I cant take my holidays at any time except in August.
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
学习资料 1.highlight (1)n. 最重要的部分；最精彩的部分 ①The weekend in Venice was definitely the highlight of our trip.在威尼斯度过的那个周末无疑是我们这次旅行的最愉快的时光。 ②The highlights of the match will be shown on TV tonight.比赛的最精彩场面将在今晚的电视节目中播放。 ③The highlight of our tour was seeing the palace.我们旅游中最有意思的活动就是参观宫殿。 (2)v. 使……突出；使注意力集中于…… ①The exhibition highlights the result of the reform.该展览突出了改革的成果。 ②The test highlighted the students' strengths and weaknesses.这次测试能凸显学生优缺点。 完成句子 调查结果强调了老年人的需求。The survey ________ ________ ________ of the old. 2．chart (1)n. [C]图；图表；航图；海图 a weather chart 气象图 the course on a chart 海图的航路 (2)vt. 用图表表示；在图上表示；绘制……的图表 We charted their journey on our map.我们在地图上画出他们的旅行路线。 完成句子 该图表显示的是去年的销售额。________ ________ ________ last year's sales figures. 3．settle v. 解决；处理；决定；定居；平静下来 ①The two boys settled their quarrel in a friendly way.那两个孩子以友好的方式解决了纷争。 ②We have settled who will pay for the meal.我们已经定了由谁来付饭钱。 ③They settled in America in 1999.他们于1999年在美国定居。 知识拓展 (1)settled down 定居下来；平静下来 ①He settled down as a farmer with his family.他和家人安顿下来务农。 ②Wait until the excitement has settled down.等到兴奋的情绪镇静下来再说。 (2)settlement n. 解决；处理；住宅区 a lasting settlement of the troubles一劳永逸的解决纠纷的办法 achieve/reach a settlement 达成协议 in settlement(of sth.) 对(债务等的)清偿
Review of Book 6 高二英语选修6 重要知识点复习 I.Let?s review the phrases of book6. 从方框里选择短语并用正确的形式填空，每个短语只能够用一次（其中有多余的选项） burn to the ground, put up with, on the whole, result in , so long as, come about, in the distance, build up, focus on , scores of, a great deal of, manage to , be made up o f, translate …into, take it easy,, in spite of, in sorrow, take possession of, due to, decide on , be addicted to, get into, in the flesh, run out of, stand for, feel like, be accustomed to, convince…of, pay attention to, in the darkness, take a risk 1 the restaurant?s success was___ its new manage. 2 Could you tell me how many departments this university ____? 3 The man often returns from work very late and gets through the woods ___ by himself. 4The king tried to______ his men ____ his power by leading the great army. 5At the discussion, the farmers? argument____ whether their farmlands should be covered by the factory. 6Once you ___ surfing on the Internet, you will find it rather hard to give it up. 7Though humans have discovered____ oil and coal, they mustn?t waste energy like that. 8You can not legally____ the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 9In mathematics, the letter “X” usually ______ an unknown figure. 10Hearing the sad news that the famous actor died of cancer, all his fans were deeply ______. 11“_______, young man” , the doctor said to Bill. “Let me examine you carefully. 12______ so many difficulties , we?ll do whatever we can to finish the task. 13It was so dry and hot in the desert and the travelers ______ the water they had. 14Without any guide leading them in the forest, the explorers soon____ trouble. 15I?m very hungry now and I _____ eating some food or fruit as soon as possible. 16Those young people would like to _____ so that they could find out whether there is a huge snake in the cave. 17Last week, we saw the man_______ who was said to have died in an accident and we know the news was not true. 18After a long heated discussion, the manager finally_______ taking the measures to encourage their stuff. 19A large number of young people who________ the comfortable life in the city would rather not return to the countryside. 20The popularity of private cars will_____ more serious air pollution and more traffic accidents. 21However, ________, I think I have been fortunate. 22With the Internet bridging people all over the world, great changes have________. 23A balanced diet and enough exercise can certainly_________ your health. 24The pay you get is so low in the company while your work is so hard-----how can you _________it? 25One can achieve his goal sooner or later_______ he is able to face the future with confidence and work hard at it. II.Words spelling. 单词拼写A： 1.They had to c______ tomorrow?s football match because of the bad weather. 2.He studied the German market to find the _______( 可能性) there for investment. 3.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ________( 不幸地), neither of them could swim. 4.The car club couldn?t ________（保证）to meet the demands of all its members. 5.Miss Lin made a very _________(印象深刻的) speech at the meeting. 6.American culture is u______ because it was formed and developed under special conditions. 7.The lecture was so long and dull that most audiences got b______ with it. 8._______(发抖) with fear, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 单词拼写B 1.The word “ honesty” is an a______ （抽象）noun. 2.There are many art g_____ （画廊）in New York. 3.I?m afraid I?ve never been much of a s______ (学者) 4.They are to put on an ______ (展览) of French paintings next week. 5.The prisoners a______ (尝试) to escape, but failed. 单词拼写C： 1．Some___________ (青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs. 2．She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and _______(最后)work the Times. 3．The doors opened _______（自动地）as we approached. 4．He played the piano for a bit of __________ （放松） 5．It?s ________（不合法的）to park your car here. 6．He put forward a plan for improving the rate of_______（生产）。 7．So I did wrong thing! Well, nobody?s_______（完美的）。 8．A woman is ________（怀孕的）for nine months before a child is born. 9．In fact,_______（压力）isn?t so bad a thing as it is often supposed to be. 10.The man made a________（陈述）to the police. 单词填空D 1．T he __________(平均数)of 3,6 and 9 is 6 2．G as and coal are __________(燃料)。 3．W e had very little d_________(资料)on that subject.
Unit1 课内练习答案（P3Ex.1） P3Ex.3 1F2T3T4T5T6T P4Ex.1 1superb2aim3ridiculous4faith5evident 6conventional7gallery8abstract9technique10sculpture P4Ex.2 possess a great deal By coincidence adopt attempted On the other hand predict 详解： 翻译：《这些作品是凡高的真迹吗？》最受欢迎的艺术风格在西方国家就是印象派，许多人想拥有一幅印象派作品并且不惜花巨资去买一幅，巧合的事是，一些采用印象派画法的画家也可以画出不为人知的“杰作”，有一位画家，奥托?沃森，用凡高的风格作画并且迅速赚了很多钱，许多评论家都觉得它是凡高的真迹，一方面，一些评论家发现了，另一方面，一些评论家好奇是否有许多“杰作”被挂在画廊上，一位膜拜凡高作品的人说：“如果这种杰作的数量超过200，我也不会惊奇.”于是有人预言下一幅“杰作”在什么地方什么地点会被发现？ P5Ex.2 1W2F3W4F 5.If he had right to choose his holiday,he would go to Mexico. 6.If I were not allergic to shellfish,I would enjoy eating them. 7.If the marble statue were not big for her garden,the housewife would
8.If we knew more about the disease,we would be able to treat the patients very effectively. P5Ex.3 1were would make2were would be3were would be 4could would paint5were would help6could take 7knew would send8could9were would be 10would come could P7Ex.2
Unit 1 I词汇及结构 1. would rather do sth情愿做…. would rather sb did sth情愿sb做… 情愿做….而不愿意做…：would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth 2.faith n. 信任,信仰keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的 3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text． so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that…) so many/few +n (复数) (+ that…) so much/little (不可数) (+that…) such+adj.+n.(不可数)/ n (复数) 4.consequently adv. 所以，因此 Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国, 所以对中国了解得很少。 consequent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的 consequence n. 结果
外研版高中英语选修七重点短语 Module 1 1. defend sb./sth. from... 保护某人免遭……defend sb./sth. against…保护某人抵御…… 2. of value=valuable 有价值的，有用的value sth at+价钱, 给……估价为……value sth 重视 3. on(an/the) average 平均起来above / below the average 在一般水平以上/以下 4. deserve sth /to do 应得/理应…… deserve to be done=deserve doing 值得被，应该 5. at one point 曾经，一度on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事之时 off the point 离题，偏题to the point 中肯，扼要 There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有用，没必要 6. There is no doubt that... 对……没有疑问There is no doubt about sth. 对某事没有疑问 There is much doubt whether... 有人怀疑…… I don't doubt that... 我不怀疑…… I doubt whether / if... 我怀疑…… without / beyond doubt 毫无疑问 7. rely on/upon...= depend on/upon... 依赖，依靠…… rely on sb. to do sth.= rely on sb. / one’s doing sth. 指望某人干某事 rely on sb. for sth. 指望某人某事rely on it that... 相信…… 8. for an instant 片刻，一瞬间in an instant 立即，马上 the instant... 一……就…… = the moment = the minute = as soon as 9. appoint sb.(to be)/(as)... 任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth. 委任某人做某事 appoint some time / some place for sth. 为某事确定某时间/ 地点 make/fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会keep / break an appointment 守约/失约 https://www.doczj.com/doc/f610719419.html,mit suicide 自杀commit a mistake 犯错commit sth. to sb. 把某物托付给某人 11. apologise to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉 12. take possession of 占有，占据，拥有 in possession of 拥有，占有in the possession of 被……占有/控制 come into possession of 占有…… come into one's possession 被某人占有 13. be based on/upon 根据，以……为基础 14. if so 如果这样的话if any 假如有的话 if not 如果不是这样if possible 如果可能的话 15. grow up 长大 16. rescue …from… 把…某种状况下解救出来 17. set (up) a record 创记录 18. name sb. after … 用……给某人命名 Module 2 1.settle down 坐下；定居；（使）安静下来 settle down to sth. 开始认真对待；定下心来做 settle sth. with sb. 与某人解决某事 2.elect sb.+ (as) n./ 职位推选某人为…… 3.be suitable for... 适合…… 4.attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
Module 6 Unit 4 1. There are many such organizations under _______ of the government ______ are ______ of the poor people across the world. A. the umbrella; as; for the purpose B. the charge; that; for the purpose C. the charge; as; to the purpose D. the umbrella; that; to the purpose 2. A Goodwill Ambassador’s visits to countries ________ the UN has program mes to help people will encourage people working on the projects and _______ local people’s attention to the situation. A. in which; to draw B. in which; drawing C. where; draw D. where; drew 3. The girl ______ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. refers to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to look 4. It is required that the students _______ mobile phones in their school, so seldom ______ them using one. A. s houldn’t use; you will see B. not use; will you see C. don’t use; will you see D. shan’t use; you will see 5. _____ in experience, she didn’t manage to pass the interview. A. Lack B. For lack of C. Lack of D. Lacking 6. We need ____ knowledge. We also need skills on how to use knowledge in reality. A. no more than B. more than C. less than D. not more than 7. It has been ______ cold this week .He went three ____ to see his grandma yesterday. A. specially; especially B. especially; specially C. specially; specially D. especially; especially 8. Children are not ________ of the fact that life is hard for their parents to send them to school. A. known B. awake C. idea D. aware 9. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 10. They demanded that the books __________ to the school library at once. A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned 11. _____ not to miss the flight at 18:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 12. The doctor that will _________ him is attempting to _________ the facilities/equipment for operation. A. operate on; operate on B. operate; operate C. operate on; operate D. operate; operate on 13. Chinese people _______ the largest percentage of the population of Macao. A. add up B. make up C. set up D. hold up 14. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 15. When you come across a new word, you can _________ the dictionary. Which is NOT true A. look up B. refer to C. turn to D. look it up in 16. I have kept that picture __ I can see it every day as it always reminds me of my university days in London. A. in which B. where C. whether D. when 17. It is agreed that constant arguing doesn’t _____ a happy marriage. A. make out B. make for C. make up D. make up for 18. My former boss ________ us ________ a new company. A. helped; in setting up B. assisted; in setting up C. assisted; into setting up D. helped; into setting up 19. ---- We ________ to have you here tonight. --- Thank you and it is ______ for me to be invited. A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour 20. China's National Earthquake Disaster Emergency Rescue Team to Haiti _____ 60 search and rescue personnel and three sniffer dogs. A. makes up of B. consists of C. made up of D. consisting of 21. --- Do you really want to go out --- It may rain. _________, I shall go out; I don’t mind the
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new