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表语从句
1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
The reason was that he was late for school.
(2)从属连词whether, as, as if。如：
1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十
年前一样。
2. The question is whether they will be able to help us.
问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
The key is whether we can solve the problem.
It looked as if it was going to rain.
注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever,
whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题
是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left.
(4)连接副词where, when, how, why。
What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。
This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。
That is why he didn't come here.
The question is how he did it.
(5)连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太
多。It's just
because he doesn't know her.
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。
(That's because...强调原因)
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。
(That's why...强调结果)
(6)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓
语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
二、系动词分类：
1、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟表语的动词，如be, seem）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look）例如：1）He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”，实义动词用法)
2）He looks a clever boy .（“看起来”，系动词用法
2、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：
A．五大感官系动词B．状态系动词C．动态系动词D．双谓语系动词
A．五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。
1．look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。
2．smell“闻起来”，后接adj.分词。The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味真香。
3．sound“听起来”，后接adj.\分词。The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。
4．taste“尝起来”，后接adj.\分词。The apples taste very good. 这些苹果很好吃。
5．Feel ①“摸起来，给……感觉”；②“觉得”，后接adj./p.p.
You will feel better after a night’s sleep. 睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。B．状态系动词：
1．be，“是”，属完全系动词。I am a student. 我是一个学生。2．seem,“似乎，好像”，完全系动词。They seem quite happy. 他们似乎很快乐。
3．appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。It appeared(to be)a true story.看来这是一个真实的故事。
4．keep, “保持……的状态”，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。
You’d better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。
5．remain,“仍是”，半系动词。I remained silent. 我仍然缄默。6．stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。
The window stayed open all the night.
7.prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.\n.
The treatment proved to be successful. 这种疗法证明是成功的。C．动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。
1．get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。
The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。
2．fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.
The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的意思，就不做声了。
My father fell ill and died. 我的父亲生病死了。
3．grow“渐渐变得……起来，长得”
It’s growing warm. 天气渐渐暖和起来了。
4．turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。
It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.
今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转晴了。
5．go，“变成（某种坏的状态）”
The telephone has gone dead. 电话不通了。
The material has gone a funny colour. 这料子的颜色变得奇怪了。
go之后常接的adj. 还有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red,with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey.
6．become“变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”
I became interested in drawing. 我开始对素描感兴趣了。
He became angry with me. 他对我生气了。
They became good friends. 他们成了好朋友。
7．come，“变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。
His wish to become a pilot has come true. 他想当飞行员的愿望
实现了。
If you look into the matter, everything will come clear.
如果你调查一下这事，一切都会清楚。
后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear（昂贵），natural, open, short, right （好了），unstuck（没有粘住），untied（松开）。
8．run,“变成”，后接adj. The price ran high. 价格上升了。9．make，“达到某种状态[后接形容词]，如sure, certain, merry, bold, free We must make certain of facts.我们一定要弄清事实。
D．双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。
例如：The run rose red.太阳升起红艳艳。
She stopped and stood quite still.她停下来然后一丝不动地站着。
The snow lay thick on the ground. 雪厚厚地堆积在地上。
He married young. 他结婚很早。
Lei Feng died young.雷锋早逝。
He continued silent.他继续沉默不语。
系动词巩固练习
①What you have said_______.
A．is sounded interesting B sounds interesting
C．sound interested D．listens interested
②The cl ass begins. Please keep________.
A．silent B．silence C．the silence D．silently
③Look! Several people in the crowd seemed_______.
A．to be fighting B．to have fought
C．being fought D．having fought
④How _____the song she sings sounds! I hav e never ______a better voice.
A．beautifully, sounded B．beautiful, sounded
C．sweet, listened to D．sweet, heard
⑤Her feeling about the marriage ______rather strange.
A．is looked B．is seemed C．seems D．is appeared
⑥The new shirt______ right.
A．doesn’t feel B．isn’t felt C．isn’t feeling D．doesn’t touch
⑦How happy it_______ for me to be home again after twenty years abroad! A．gives B．feels C．is felt D．is given
⑧John _____driver since two months ago.
A．became a B．has become a C．has turned D．has been a
⑨He _____he felt very _______over the death of the boy.
A．seemed that, sad B．seemed as if, sadly
C．looked as though, sad D．looked that, sadness
⑩The ice_____ thick on the river. A．is lain B．lay C．laid D．lie (其答案分别是：1——5：BAADC，6——10：ABDCB)
表语测试
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because
B. that
C. for
D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. where there
4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get
B. what we can get
C. who we can get
D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D.不填
6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that
B. like
C. as
D. as though
9.—I fell sick!
--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. because
10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill
B. because of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill
D. for his mother is ill
11. —He was born here.
-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you
B. That；how you are
C. How；that you are
D. What；how you are
14. The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why that
15. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what
B. where
C. the place
D. there where
16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being
D. what it was used to be
17. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. What … what
D. That … what
18. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. such
19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason
B. That’s why
C. There’s why
D. It’s how
21. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. what
22. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
23. What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
答案
1~5: DBACC
6~10 :ACDDC
11~15:CBDBA
16~20: AACAB
21~23: DAA
表语从句用法详解(例句丰富) 一、表语从句的引导词 引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether，连接代词和连接副词，关系代词型what，以及as if, as though, because等连词。 1. 由that引导 The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 事实是他没有做真正的努力。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。 My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建议是我们应该告诉他。 His sole requirement was (is) that the system work. 他唯一的要求是这个制度能起作用。 My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 我的意见是我们马上就开始做准备工作。 2. 由whether引导 The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。 【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。 3. 由连接代词引导 You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我过去所想像的人。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is who (m) we should trust. 问题是我们应当相信谁。 What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。 4. 由连接副词引导 The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。 That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。 That’s where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。 That’s why he didn’t come. 这就是他没有来的缘故。 That’s why I object to the plan. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。 That’s where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3．It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6．Energy is what makes things work. 7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A．whether B．if C．that D．when 解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报 告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。 2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A．it; whether B．it; that C．which; whether D．this; that 解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A．that; 不填B．不填；that C．不填；不填D．what; what 解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。 4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine. A．that B．what
表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是 我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school. (2)从属连词whether,as,as if。如： (3)looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 (4)question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 (5)注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： (6)All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. (7)这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 The key is whether we can solve the problem.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如： (8)He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 (9)That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. (10)我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left. 连接副词where, when, how, why。 What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。 This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 That is why he didn't come here. The question is how he did it. (11)连词because可引导表语从句。如： (12)I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 It's just because he doesn't know her. (13)T hat's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) (14)T hat's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why...强调结果) (15)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： (16)M y suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句） 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句） 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句） 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句） 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live I have no interest in how rich he is． 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets． that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。 当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．） that不能省略的情况： （1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如： He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you． （2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap． （3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。
1.定义 2. 引导表语的从句的关联词的种类 （1）从属连词that. The trouble is that I have lost his address. 原因是他上学迟到了。________________________________ (2)从属连词whether, as, as if He looked just as he had looked ten years before. The question is whether they will be able to help us. 注：从属连词if一般可不可以用来引导表语从句_____，as if呢____ All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 关键是我们能否解决问题。________________________________ 看起来要下雨。__________________________________________ 注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词____ ____ _____ _____等 听起来好像有人在敲门。_____________________________________ (3) 连接代词____ _____ _____ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. That was what she did this morning on reaching the agreement.我的问题是谁离开了。＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (4) 连接副词＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ What I wonder is when he left. This is where they once lived.
表语从句讲解及专项练习 概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 ★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 ★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 ★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。） 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 ※由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。 例如： ★ The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 ★The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。 ★The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 ★What she couldn’t understand w as that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。 ※由关系代词引导的表语从句。 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。 例如： ★The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 ★The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 ★That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。
表语从句引导词 The latest revision on November 22, 2020
表语从句 连接词：that / whether /as if /as though 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 1) that 在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不做任何成分，不能省略。 2) whether在表语从句中表是否但不充当句子的成分。if 不能引导表语从句.如: 1. What the doctor really doubts is whethe r my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 2. The question is whether it is worth doing. 3) What在表语从句中充当主语宾语表语，表示什么，什么样子，…的人或事. 1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be . 3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting. 4) who 在表语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，表示谁。. 1.The problem is who could do the work 2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to. 5) which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语，表语表示哪一个，哪一些。如： I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is which (book) it is. 6) 由as if, as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用be, look, appear, seem, sound等。 1. It looks as if it was doing to rain. 2. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 7) 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从 句用that来引导,而不能由because引导；because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because…句型中. 1. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. 2. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train. 注意：当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why, when, where, how等 This is how he did it. That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 表语从句引导词注意事项 1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3. 除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分
教学过程 一、课堂导入 概念引入 She doesn’t know (th at) her father is seriously ill. 她不知道她父亲病得很严重。 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你可以告诉我怎么去火车站吗？The problem is when they can get there. 问题是他们什么时候能到那儿。 The problem is whether we can replace her. 问题是我们能否替换她。
二、复习预习 复习什么是宾语和表语，列举作宾语和表语的词性。
三、知识讲解 知识点1：宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。有些形容词（afraid ,sure ,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。 She doesn’t know (that) her father is seriously ill. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 划线部分是宾语从句。
【考查点1】宾语从句的引导词 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend. I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
表语从句的使用原则 认真观察下列句子，总结标语从句使用的规则 What the police want to know is when you entered the room. 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。 The trouble is that we are short of funds. 困难是我们缺乏资金。 This is what we should do. 这是我们应当做的。 That’s why I want we you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。 His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrive 他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。 She seems as if she had done a great thing. 她看起来好像做了一件大事。 It is because you eat too much. 那是因为你吃的太多了。 My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。 规则： 1）连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose，除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、表语、定语。表语从句的引导词不能省略。 2）连接副词where，when，why，how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词意。 3）As if，as though,just as,because也可用来引导表语从句，引导词不能省略。Because引导表语从句通常只用于This/That/it is because...结构中。As if /though引导表语从句，常置于连系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。4）在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。Should+动词原形形式，should可省略。
名词性从句 从句有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类。 名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句及同位语从句，因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词； 定语从句有称为形容词性从句，因为从句功能相当于形容词； 而状语从句则称为副词性从句，因为从句功能相当于副词。 什么是名词性从句? 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。 宾语从句( The Object Clause) 表语从句( The Predicative Clause) 主语从句( The Subject Clause) 同位语从句( The Appositive Clause) 表语从句 一．定义 在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。 二．构成 一般结构是“主语＋关联词＋表语从句”。 Our purpose is that he can realize his faults. 我们的目的是他能认识到错误。 注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。
问题是它是否值得做。 注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”。 三．引导表语从句的关联词的种类 1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。 China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。 At that time，it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / though引导的表语从句。 He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。 3. because，why引导的表语从句。 That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because…强调原因） That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why…强调结果） 注意：what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because. The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
Simple sentence Compound sentence Complex sentence 从句：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句） 形容词性从句(定语从句) 副词性从句（状语从句） 英语中六大从句用法总结 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句 1.主语从句subjective clause 一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which, whether…or…等引导，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： It is self-evident that… 很明显的是 It goes without saying that… 不用说 It is asserted that．．．有人主张…… It is believed that．．．据信…… It is generally considered that．．．人们普遍认为…… It is hoped that．．．人们希望…… It is reported that．．．据报道…… It is said that．．．据说…… It is supposed that．．．据推测．．．
It is well-known that．．．众所周知…… It must be admitted that．．．必须承认…… It cannot be denie d that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that．．．需指出的是…… It was told that．．．据传…… It will be said that．．．有人会说…… It follows that… 由此可见 It is inappropriate that… ……是不合适的 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句objective clause 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in
连词?b ecause用法详解 1.表示原因，语气较强，可用来回答?why 提出的问题。如： A：W hy do you love her? 你为什么爱她?? B：B ecause she is kind. 因为很善良。 2.because 除经常用于引导原因状语从句外，还可引出表语从句或用于强调句等。如： It is because you’re eating too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。 It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. 我昨天是由于想买本字典而进城的。 3.汉语说“因为……所以……”，但英语却不能用?because…s o…这样的结构。如： 因为我病了半年，所以把工作丢了。 误：?B ecause I was ill for six months, so I lost my job. 正：?B ecause I was ill for six months, I lost my job. 正：?I was ill for six months, so I lost my job. 4.汉语说“之所以……是因为……”，英语可以类似以下这样的句型（用?t hat比用?because普通）。如： The reason (w hy)I’m late is that [b ecause]I missed the bus. 我迟到的原因是因为我没有赶上公共汽车。 传统语法认为这类句型不能用?because, 但在现代英语中用?b ecause 的情形已很普遍。
名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）
表语从句讲解及专项练习 概念:表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 ★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 ★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 ★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词: 从属连词that、whether、as though、as if(That引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略。) 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等; 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 ※由从属连词that,whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义,而whether有词义,意为、“是否”。这时主 句的主语常常是些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问 题),result(结果),chance(可能性), suggestion(建议),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化。
一．定义： 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。比较： The problem is puzzling. 主语连系动词形容词作表语 The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句 二、系动词的分类（了解哪些词为系动词） 系动词有表示状态的；有表示状态变化的。 表示状态的有： 1）be, seem ,appear 等。 2）look ,sound ,feel ,taste ,smell 等，由感官动词变化而来。意思为“看（听、摸、尝、闻）起来”。 Mr. Li looks quite young. 李先生看起来很年轻。 3）stand ,keep ,prove ,remain 等由不及物动词转化而来。 The machine has been standing idle. 这台机器一直闲着不用。 2.表示状态变化的： become ,get ,grow, fall, turn等 He has fallen ill. 他已经病倒了。 三连接表语从句与主句的关系词主要有三类：
1. 从属连词：that（无有词义）, whether（是否,if （是否） 2. 关系代词：who（谁，主格）, whom（谁，宾格）,whose谁的，所有格）, what（什么）,which（哪个，哪些） 3. 关系副词：when（什么时候）where（什么地方）why（为什么）, how（怎样）例如： The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。 That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 It is because you eat too much那是因为你吃得太多了。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning （当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because） 另外，与其他名词从句有所不同的是as, as if/though, because也可用来引导表语从句.如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 She seems as if she had done a great thing.她看起来好像做了一件大事。 It is because you eat too much.那是因为你吃得太多了。 【注意】because可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导表语从句。