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高中英语句子成分及结构分析

高中英语句子成分及结构分析
高中英语句子成分及结构分析

高中英语句子结构分析

英语的九大词类

名词,代词,动词,形容词,副词,数词,连词,介词,冠词。

一、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。物体名--desk,cup,chair.人名--Mike,Li Ming;地名—America ,China 动物名--pig,dog;植物名--tree,wheat.抽象的事物的名称:idea(主意),victory(胜利),knowledge(知识).

二、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词,所以说名词和代词关系是很近的。代替人的代词有:I,you,he,she,it,they这里要注意,代词的作宾语的形式me,him,her,them....,代替物的代词

有:it,that,this,those,these

三、动词(v.):"动"就是动作--可以指具体的动作:walk(走),jump(跳),swim(游泳);人的大脑动作(心理活动):think(想),imagine(想象).

四、形容词(adj.):用来表示名词的性质或特征。我们在谈论人或物时,常用上:tall(高的),short矮的),black(黑的),white(白的)这些词往往是修饰名词。

五、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明动作发生的时间、地点、程度等。副词很多是从形容词加ly构成的,所以看单词词尾是否有ly是判断是否是副词的一种方法,但是词尾是ly的也不一定都是副词,可能是形容词(likely—有可能的lovely—可爱的friendly—友好的lonely—孤独的weekly—每周一次的monthly—每月一次的yearly—每年一次的)

六、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。at, by, to, in, for, of, on, from, with

介词在英语中最常用于介宾结构——介词+名词/代词,起修饰作用.比如:in winter,from America,behind the door等等。

七、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语、句子。连词不能单独作句子成分,只能和其他词类一起作句子成分。常见的连词有:and 表并列、both .. and 并列、but 表转折、or 表选择、if 表条件等。

八、冠词,英语中只有三个词:a\an (不定冠词)the (定冠词),简单来说,不定冠词表示泛指,定冠词表示特指,冠词与名词关系紧密,一般是放在名词之前。

九、数词:跟数字有关的词就是数词,英语中的数词有两种,基数词和序数词。基数词,比如:one two 、three 、four、five 、six 、seven 等等,序数词,比如:first 、second、third 、fourth 、fifth 等等。

英语句子

(一)根据结构划分:

①简单句:(5种基本句型)

主+谓

主+谓+宾

主+系+表

主+谓+双宾(间宾+直宾)

主+谓+宾+宾补

②并列句and, but, or

③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同)

副词从句(状语从句)

形容词从句(定语从句)

(二)根据功能划分:陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句,疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,

反意疑问句等)

动词分类:情态动词、助动词、系动词、实义动词(及物动词和不及物动词)

形容词修饰系动词放在动词后,形容词修饰名词,一般放在名词前;副词修饰实义动词,放在实义动词后,修饰整个句子放在句首,修饰形容词,一般位于形容词前。

五种基本句型

【句型一】

主语+ 谓语(不及物动词vi.)

主语:是动作的发出者,一般是名词,代词,动词不定式,动名词,短语,从句等。

谓语:谓语总是由动词或动词短语充当,是英语时态、语态变化的主角。谓语与主语在人称和数上必须保持一致!

不及物动词(vi.)一般不接宾语,接宾语得加一个介词。

谓语由动词词组充当,分两种情况: 1. 及物动词+副词,2. 不及物动词+介词。

动副词组:point out(指出), carry out(执行), put forward(提出), work out(做出,算出), find out (找出), give up(放弃), give away(赠送,分发),pick up(拣起), put up(挂上)等。

动副词可拆分,若是代词作宾语应放在中间。

They carried out the plan successfully.

They carried the plan out successfully.

动介词组:look after(照顾), look at(瞧), look for(寻找), belong to(属于), refer to(参考,提及), think of(考虑,评价), send for(派人去请), care for(喜欢),suffer from(受…之苦), deal with(对付,应付), object to(反对), pay for(付…的钱)等。动介词是不可拆分的,所以代词放在后面,即我们只能说think of it,不能说think it of.

His father cooks.

The children are listening quietly.

He runs fast in the street.

The meeting begins at nine.

They worked day and night.

I lived in Beijing five years ago.

His father has gone abroad.

【句型二】

主语+ 谓语(及物动词vt.) + 宾语

及物动词后必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者

宾语位于及物动词或介词之后,主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词,短语或从句充当。He did his English homework. (名词作宾语)

The workers are building the bridge. (名词作宾语)

I enjoy sharing my work experience. (动词ing形式作宾语)

She is doing her homework now. (名词作宾语)

She said she felt sick.(从句作宾语)

We often help him. (代词作宾语)

He likes playing basketball. (动名词V-ing作宾语)

He likes to play basketball. (不定式作宾语)

The boys were watching the world cup match.

Can you feel the power of love?

We enjoy listening to the music.

She wanted a barbie toy so much when she was young.

Zhang Yimou made a love movie.

I don’t believe in(介) that man.

He pointed out(副) the mistakes in my composition.

On Christmas Day, we will call on our foreign teachers.

You must hand in your exercise-books after class.

We cannot work out(副) the problem in five minutes.

【句型三】主+ 系+ 表(什么是什么)

连系动词主要是连系主语和表语。

系动词可分四类:1. “五be”是(am, is, are, was, were)

2.“五感官”动词look (眼)看起来

sound (耳)听起来

taste (口)尝起来

smell (鼻)闻起来

feel (手)摸起来

3. “五变”get变得, turn变得, grow变得,go变得, become成为

4. “三保持”keep保持, stay保持,remain保持

作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等I am a teacher.

She is beautiful.

This song sounds good.

Leaves turned green.

用动词做的主语和从句主语也可用it替代,叫形式主语,真正主语在句中都后移。It is important to learn English.

It is known to everyone in our class that he has been to many parts of the world

Her new Iphone5 is cool to death.

His son is a rock star.

My room looks like a pigsty.

Li Lei and Jim are gay friends.

Children grow wiser as they grow.

The river looks especially beautiful in the early morning.

Dinner smells good.

His voice sounded strange on the phone.

The cake tastes delicious.

Harry potter is the hero in this book.

Playing basketball is interesting.

To learn English is important.

Swimming is a sport he enjoys.

That he has been to many parts of the world is known to everyone in our class.

【句型四】

主+谓+双宾(间宾+直宾)(两者没有直接的关系)

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, (间接宾语)(直接宾语) eg:give / pass / bring/ take / show/ buy sb. sth.

若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for

用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。

用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。

常跟双宾的词有

(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise,

return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等

(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order ,sing, save, spare,等

I bought John a birthday present. 或I bought a birthday present for john.

Please tell me your telephone number. 或Please tell your telephone number to me.

Give me a cup of tea please.

Pass our English teacher the book.

Bring it to me, please.

Show this house to Mr. Smith.

She ordered herself a new dress.

He brought you a dictionary.

Please give me a few apples.

I’ll show you my photos.

【句型五】

主语+谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(两者有直接的关系)

谓语后只跟一个宾语不能表达完整的意思,必须加一个成分来补充说明宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语:位于宾语之后补充说明宾语。

宾语补足语由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词等充当。

The war made him a soldier. (名词)

New methods make the job easy .(形容词)

I often find him at work . (介词短语)

The teacher ask the students to close the windows. (不定式)

I saw a cat running across the road. (现在分词)

Our teacher found the windows closed. (过去分词)

We call him Tom.

At first I found Chinese quite hard.

Tell him not to be late tomorrow.

He made all of us laugh.

The little girl often helps her mother (to) do the housework.

We found a cat lying under the chair.

I find learning English difficult.

I will make you a captain.

The manager asked Amanda to leave.

His words made me sad.

I find learning English difficult.

I saw the kite up and down.

Tom made the girl cry.

He proved that theory very important.

I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.

句子成分——状语,可位于句首、句末或句中,用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表示动作,行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、方式、程度等。由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当。

He speaks English very well. (表程度)

He is playing under the tree. (表地点)

I come to see you. (表目的)

Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian. (表时间,地点)

The boy was praised for his bravery. (表原因)

If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. (表条件)

副词(短语)作状语:

The boy needs a pen very much.(程度状语)

The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother.(宾语较长则状语前置)

The boy really needs a pen.(程度状语)

The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen.(时间状语)介词短语作状语:In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.(地点状语)

Before his mother,Tom is always a boy. (条件状语)

On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom.(时间状语)

分词(短语)作状语:

He sits there,asking for a pen.(表示伴随状态)

Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen.(原因状语)

Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.(原因状语)

不定式作状语:

The boy needs a pen to do his homework.(目的状语)

To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business.

名词作状语:

Come this way!/走这条路!(方向状语)

状语从句:

时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句

句子成分——定语,它位置灵活,用来修饰限定名词或代词,说明名词或代词的品质与特征。由形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、介词短语、不定式等等,相当于一个形容词,译为“ ...的”

形容词作定语:

The little boy needs a blue pen.

Tom is a handsome boy.

There is a good boy.

数词作定语相当于形容词:

Two boys need two pens.

The two boys are students.

There are two boys in the room.

代词或名词所有格作定语:

His boy needs Tom's pen

His name is Tom.

There are two boys of Toms there.

介词短语作定语:

The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.

The boy in blue is Tom.

There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.

名词作定语:

The boy needs a ball pen.

It is a ball pen.

There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.

副词作定语:

The boy there needs a pen.

The best boy here is Tom.

不定式作定语:

The boy to write this letter needs a pen.

The boy to write this letter is Tom.

There is nothing to do today.

分词(短语)作定语:

The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.

The pen bought by her is made in China.

There are five boys left.

定语从句:

The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.

The boy you will know is Tom.

There are five boys who will play the game.

句子成分—同位语:同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分。如:We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)

We all are students. / (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)

练习

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词

①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

②There is an old man coming here.

③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词

①I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't

B. like

C. picture

D. wall

②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get

B. longer

C. days

D. summer

③Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do

B. usually

C.go

D. bus

④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be

B. meeting

C. the library

D. afternoon

⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A.Did

B. twins

C. have

D. breakfast

⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom

B. didn't

C. do

D. his homework

⑦What I want to tell you is this.

A. want

B. to tell

C. you

D. is

⑧We had better send for a doctor.

A. We

B. had

C. send

D. doctor

⑨He is interested in music.

A. is

B. interested

C. in

D. music

⑩Whom did you give my book to?

A. give

B.did

C. whom

D. book

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语

①My brother hasn't done his homework.

②People all over the world speak English.

③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦They made him monitor of the class.

⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.

(四) 挑出下列句中的表语

①The old man was feeling very tired.

②Why is he worried about Jim?

③The leaves have turned yellow.

④Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤She was the first to learn about it.

(五) 挑出下列句中的定语

①They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.

②What is your given name?

③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

②He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③She found it difficult to do the work.

④They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.

⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语

①There was a big smile on her face.

②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.

⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. (八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

①Please tell us a story.

②My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.

④Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.

⑤Did he leave any message for me?

指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:

1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .

2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .

3. That was how they were defeated.

4.The nursery takes good care of our children .

5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow .

6.We are sure that we shall succeed .

7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .

8.There are many film that I’d like to see.

9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?

10.I have a lot of work to do .

11.Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it .

12.I said it in fun .

13.We can send a car over to fetch you .

14.She had to work standing up .

15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .

16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .

17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .

18.We should serve the people heart and soul.

19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .

20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .

21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .

22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .

23.It was in the library that I come today .

24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .

25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

高中英语句子成分详细归纳

英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:S V (主+谓) 二:S V P (主+系+表) 三:S V O (主+谓+宾) 四:S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:S V(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固

第1讲句子成分 英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补) 除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划句子成分的符号 主语在下面划一直线 谓语在下面划曲线 宾语在下面划双横线 定语在下面划虚线(一行点使我们想到一 排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”) 状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短 木桩,木桩撞(状)钟) 补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是 为了弥补上面短横间的空隙) 同位语上下双曲线,(虽都有曲折,上下位置 基本相同 考点2.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构: 1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.名词化的形容词(如the rich) 5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线,并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 练习2.改正下列句中的错误,并说明原因 1.He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. 2.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. 4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. 5.Play basketball is my favorite sport. 6.Give up English is not an option. 考点3.谓语 谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如: He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh t a bad cold. My sister is crying over there. I have been waiting for you all the time. I would stay at home all day. (2)由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语,要和表语一起作谓语。如: We are students. Your idea sounds great. 考点4.表语 表语多是形容词,用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习3.划出下列句中的表语,并说明有什么充当。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.Is it yours? 3.The weather has turned cold.

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1 Different parts of a sentence 概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 ▲句子成分分类 1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如: 讲述“谁”We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”The classroom is very big. 数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了 不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job. 从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。如:

There are some bottles of milk in the box. ▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2.谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如: He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.

高中英语句子成分讲解超详细

什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本 句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型S V (主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and dri nk. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二 SVP(主+系+表)

高中英语句子结构及类型大全

中学英语句子大全 英语学习的四原则:全(记得要全)、熟(熟练)、精(总结精华)、活(活学活用) 什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 【附着在表面上,单独存在没有意义】 一个完整的英语句子,至少由两部分组成(祁使句除外)——主语和谓语。主语是一个句子叙述的主体,表明这句话描述的是什么,谓语则用以说明主语的情况,它在人称和单复数形式上应与主语保持一致。 除了主语和谓语,句子有时还需要其他的成分,如用在系动词后表明主语性质,特征,状态或身份的表语,用在及物动后,表示行为对象或结果的宾语,修饰或限定名词或代词的定语,修饰动词形容词副词介词短语或全句的状语以及对一个名词或代词作进一步解释的同位语等。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:SV(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),数词,名词化的形容词,动词不定式,动名词或从句。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,不能再接对象(即宾语),这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。 S│V(不及物动词) 1. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 2. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 3. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 4. Who │cares? 管它呢? 5. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 7. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语性质,特征,状态或身份的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。

(完整版)高中英语句子成分讲解与练习

句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:SV(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻

高中英语句子结构分析

第一讲英语句子结构分析 句子的划分 I. 根据结构划分:①简单句 S+V(主+谓) S+V+P(主+谓+表) S+V+O(主+谓+宾) S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补) ②并列句and, but, or ③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同) 副词从句(状语从句) 形容词从句(定语从句) II. 根据功能划分:陈述句 疑问句

(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,修辞疑问句) 祈使句 感叹句 III. 根据句子成分:单个词汇 短语 从句 一.陈述句(五种句型) 1.I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。 Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。 2.Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。 3.I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。 4.Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给 我带来很多乐趣。 5.We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐 君子叫网虫。

I. 常用作连系动词: ①变成,变得:become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn 口诀:好是come,坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn;Get\ become口语化,如果要说就用它. 口诀解读: 如:Dreams come true. 梦想成真。 如:It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly. 今天太热了,菜都馊了。 化的静态形容词。 如:I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。 如:Still water runs deep.静水深流。

高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固

高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固 文档编制序号:[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]

第1讲句子成分

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