PARTⅠDICTION [15 MIN]
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
1. Which of the following is NOT needed for the Lost Property Form?
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,
B.Nationality
C. Address
D.Phone number
2.From the conversation we know that Mark Adams comes from _______.
A.Essex
B.Edinburgh
C.London
D.The US.
3.What will Mark Adams do the day after tomorrow?
A.To come to the office again
B.To wait for the phone call
C.To call the office
D.To write to the office
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
4.Members of the club are required to _______.
A.register when they arrive.
B.bring up to three guests.
C.register their guests.
D.show membership cards on arrival.
5.Which of the following details about the changing rooms is NOT correct?
A.There is a change for the use of the locker
B.Showers are installed in the changing rooms.
C.Lockers are located in the changing rooms
D.Lockers are used to store personal belongings.
6.According to the club’s rules, members can play _______.
A.for 30minutes only.
B.for one hour only.
C.within the booked time only.
D.longer than the booked time.
7.Which of the following details is NOT correct?
A.Players can eat in the club room.
B.Players have to leave the club by ten o’clock.
C.The courts are closed earlier than the club room.
D.Players can use both the club room and the courts.
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
8.At the university Mr. Robinson specialized in _______.
A.maths
B.physics
C.water management
D.geography
9.Mr. Robinson worked for the Indian Government because of _______.
A.university links.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,ernment agreements.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,pany projects.
D.degree reuirements.
10.After Mr. Robinson returned from India, he _______.
A.changed jobs several times.
B.went to live in Manchester.
C.did similar work as in India.
D.became head of a research team.
SECTION B PASSAGES
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. ,4t the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
11.According to the talk, the owner of a bike has to _______.
A.register his bike immediately
B.put his bike on a list at once
C.have it stamped with a number
D.report to the police station
12.The speaker in the talk recommends ________.
A.two locks for all expensive bikes.
B.a good lock for an expensive bike.
C.cheap locks for cheap bikes.
D.good locks for cheap bikes.
13.What is the main idea of the talk?
A.How to have the bike stamped.
B.How to protect your bike.
C.How to buy good locks.
D.How to report your lost bike to the police.
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
14.Which course(s) runs or run for one hour each time?
A.Conversation class.
B.Writing Skills class.
C.Examination Skills class.
D.All of the three courses.
15.Which course(s) does or do NOT require enrolment beforehand?
A.Conversation class.
B.Writing Skills class.
C.Examination Skills class.
D.All of the three courses.
16.Which course(s) is(are) designed especially for students of economics and social sciences?
A.Conversation class.
B.Writing Skills class.
C.Examination Skills class.
D.All if the three courses.
17.Which course(s) is(are) the shortest?
A.Conversation class.
B.Writing skills class
C.Examination Skills class.
D.All language courses. Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
18.How old was Leonardo da Vinci when he moved to Milan?
A.25.
B.30.
C.35.
D.40.
19.Throughout his life, Leonardo da Vinci worked as all the following EXCEPT _______.
A.a painter
B.an engineer
C.an architect
D.a builder
20.Where did Leonardo da Vinci die?
A.In France
B.In Milan
C.In Florence
D.In Tuscany
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Questions 21 to 22are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
21.Who had to leave the Gaza Strip and the West Bank?
A.The Israeli army.
B.The Jewish settlers.
C.The Palestinians.
D.The Israeli Prime Minister.
22.How many settlements would have to be removed altogether in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank?
A.2
B.4
C.21
D.25
Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
23. Which of the following in NOT mentioned in the news?
A.The agreement has to be approved by Romania.
B.The agreement has to be approved by Bulgaria.
C.The agreement has to be approved by some EU states.
D.The agreement has to be approved by all the EU states.
24.Romania and Bulgaria can not join the EU in 2007 unless they carry out reforms in the following areas EXCEPT _______.
A.manufacturing.
B.border control.
C.adminstration.
D.justice.
Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
25.What is the theme of the forum?
A.Business leadership.
B.Global business community.
C.Economic prospects in China.
D.Business and government in China.
26.According to the news, the first forum was held _______.
A.10 years ago.
B.3 years ago.
C.in 1999.
D.in 2001.
Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
27.About ______ of the 15000 visitors on the opening day of Hong Kong Disneyland came from the mainland.
A.4000
B.5000
C.6000
D. 7000
28.According to the news, residents in ______ showed least interest in visiting the theme park.
A.Beijing
B.Guangzhou
C.Shanghai
D.Hong Kong
Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
29.What is the news mainly about?
A.Religious violence.
B.Refugee issues.
C.A ferry disaster.
D.A rescue operation
30.The ferry boat was designed to carry ______ passengers.
A.198
B.200
C.290
D.500
PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]
Until I took Dr Offutt’s class in DeMatha High school, I was an underachieving student, but I left that class (31)_______ never to underachieve again. He not only taught me to think, he convinced me, (32)________ by example as words that it was my moral
(33)_______ to do so and to serve others.
(34)_____ of us could know how our relationship would (35)_______ over the years .When I came back to DeMatha to teach English, I worked for Dr Offutt, the department chair. My discussions with him were like graduate seminars in adolescent (36)______, classroom management and school leadership.
After several years, I was (37) _______ department chair, and our relationship (38)________ again. I thought that it might be (39)______ chairing the department ,since all of my (40)______ English teachers were (41)_______ there, but Dr. Offutt supported me (42)_______. He knew when to give me advice (43)_______ curriculum, texts personnel ,and when to let me (44)______ my own course.
In 1997, I needed his (45)______ about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. (46)______ he had asked me to stay at DeMatha, I might have. (47)______, he encouraged me to seize the opportunity.
Five years ago, I became the principal of DeMatha. (48)________, Dr Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could (49)_______ him. I have learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible (50)________of lessons to teach.
31. A.concerned B.worried C.determined D.decided
32. A. as much B. much as C. as such D. such as
33.A. work B. job C. duty D. obligation
34.A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Each
35. A. evolve B. stay C. remain D. turn
36.A.process B.procedure C.development D.movement
37.A.called https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,d C.asked D.invited
38.A. moved B. altered C. went D. shifted
39.A.awkward B.uneasy C.unnatural D.insensitive
40.A. older B.experienced C.former D. /
41. A. / B.still C.even D.already
42. A.through B.throughout C.at the beginning D.all the way
43. A.for B.at C.over D.about
44. A.chart B.head C.describe D.manage
45.A.opinion B.request C.permission D.order
46.A.Even if B.Although C.If D.When
47.A.Naturally B.Instead C.Consequently D.Still
48.A.Once again B.Repeatedly C.Unusally D.Unexpectedly
49.A.count in B.count down C.count out D.count on
50.A.stock B.bank C.wealth D.store
PART IV GRAMMER &VOCABULARY [15MIN]
51. There are as good fish in the sea _____ ever came out of it.
A.than
B.like
C.as
D.so
52.All the President’s Men ______ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.
A.remain
B.remains
C.remained
D.is remaining
53.“You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend.
A.could
B.should
C.must
D.can
54.If only the patient ______ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.
A.had received
B.received
C.should receive
D.were receiving
55.Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.
A. to start
B.to have started
C.to be starting
D.to have been starting
56.She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.
A. must be
B.had been
C.could be
D.must have been
57.It is not ______ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.
A.that
B.as
C.so
D.very
58.The committee has anticipated the problems that _______ in the road construction project.
A.arise
B.will arise
C.arose
D.have arisen
59.The student said there were a few points in the essay he _______ impossible to comprehend.
A.had found
B.finds
C.has found
D.would find
60.He would have finished his college education, but he _______ to quit and find a job to support his family.
A.had had
B.has
C.had
D.would have
61.The research requires more money than ________.
A.have been put in
B.has been put in
C.being put in
D.to be put in
62.Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _____ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.
A.no more
B.not more
C.even more
D.much more
63.It is not uncommon for there _______ problems of communication between the old and the young.
A.being
B.would be
C.be
D.to be
64.________ at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.
A.Looking
B.looked
C.Being looked
D.to look
65.It is absolutely essential that William _______ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.
A.will continue
B.continued
C.continue
D.continues
66.The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a ______ forgery.
A.man-made
B.natural
C.crude
D.real
67.She’s always been kind to me –I can’t just turn _____ on her now that she needs my help.
A.my back
B.my head
C.my eye
D.shoulder
68.The bar in the club is for the ______ use of its members.
A.extensive
B.exclusive
C.inclusive
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,prehensive
69.The tuition fees are ______ to students coming from low-income families.
A.approachable
B.payable
C.reachable
D.affordable
70.The medical experts warned the authorities of the danger of diseases in the _______ of the earthquake.
A.consequence
B.aftermath
C.results
D.effect
71.This sort of rude behavior in public hardly ______ a person in your position.
A.becomes
B.fits
C. supports
D.improves
72.I must leave now. _______, if you want that book I’ll bring it next time.
A.Accidentally
B.Incidentally
C.Eventually
D.Naturally
73.After a long delay, she ______replying to my e-mail.
A.got away with
B.got back at
C.got by
D.got round to
74.Personal computers are no longer something beyond the ordinary people; they are ________ available these days.
A.promptly
B.instantly
C.readily
D.quickly
75.In my first year at the university I learnt the _______ of journalism.
A.basics
B.basic
C.elementary
D.elements
76.According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the ______of 59 percent
A.ratio
B.percentage
C.proportion
D.rate
77.Thousands of _______ at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance.
A.audience
B.participants
C.spectators
D.observers
78.We stood still, gazing out over the limitless ______ of the dessert.
A.space
B.expanse
C.stretch
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,nd
79.Doctor often ______ uneasiness in the people they deal with.
A.smell
B.hear
C.sense
D.tough
80.Mary sat at the table, looked at the plate and ______ her lips.
A.smacked
B.opened
C.parted
D.seperated
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25MIN]
TEXT A
If you like the idea of staying with a family, living in house might be the answer. Good landladies---those who are superb cooks and launderers, are figures as popular in fiction as the bad ones who terrorize their guests and overcharge them at the slightest opportunity. The truth is probably somewhere between the two extremes. If you are lucky, the food will be adequate, some of your laundry may be done for you and you will have a reasonable amount of comfort and companionship .For the less fortunate, house rules may restrict the freedom to invite friends to visitant shared cooking and bathroom facilities can be frustrating and row-provoking if tidy and untidy guests are living under the same roof.
The same disadvantages can apply to flat sharing, with the added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what, and in what proportion. One person may spend hours on the phone, while another rarely makes calls. If you want privacy with a guest, how do you persuade the others to go out; how do you persuade them to leave you in peace, especially if you are student and want to study?
Conversely, flat sharing can be cheap, there will always be someone to talk to and go out with, and the chores, in theory, can be shared.
81.According to the passage, landladies are ________
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f75460838.html,ually strict.
B.always mean.
C.adequately competent.
D.very popular with their guests.
82.What is the additional disadvantage of flat sharing ?
A.Problems of sharing and paying.
B.Differences in living habits.
C.Shared cooking and bathroom facilities.
D.Restriction to invite friends to visit.
83.What is NOT mentioned as a benefit of flat sharing?
A.Rent is affordable
B.There is companionship.
C.Housework can be shared.
D.There is peace and quiet.
TEXT B
(1) Travelling through the country a couple of weeks ago on business, I was listening to the talk of the late UK writer Douglas Adams’ masterwork “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” on the radio and thought-I know, I’ll pick up the next hitchhikers I see and ask them what the state of real hitching is today in Britain.
(2)I drove and drove on main roads and side roads for the next few days and never saw a single one.
(3)When I was in my teens and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers took me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends ,many provided hospitality on the road.
(4)Not only did you find out much more about a country than when traveling by train or plane, but there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it .So what has happened to it?
(5)A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitching in a column of a newspaper. Hundreds of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking.
(6)Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, as was Quebec, Canada-“if you don’t mind being criticized for not speaking French”.
(7)But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in some places, the general feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed.
(8)With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we need to be so wary both to hitch and to give a lift?
(9)In Poland in the 1960s,according to a Polish woman who e-mail me ,”the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each time a driver picked somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, drivers who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everyone was hitchhiking then”.
(10)Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down barriers between strangers. It would help fight global warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant lessons in geography ,history, politics and sociology.
(11)A century before Douglas Ad ams wrote his “Hitchhiker’s Guide”, another adventure story writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, gave us that what should be the hitchhiker’s motto:“To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive.” What better time than putting a holiday weekend into practice. Either put it to the test yourself, or help out someone who is trying to travel hopefully with thumb outstretched.
84. In which paragraph(s) does the writer comment on his experience of hitchhiking?
A. (3)
B. (4)
C. (3) and (4)
D. (4) and (5)
85. What is the current situation of hitchhiking?
A. It is popular in some parts of the world.
B. It is popular throughout the west.
C. It is popular only in the North America.
D.It’s still popular in Poland.
86. What is the writer’s attitude towards the practice in Poland?
A. Critical.
B. Unclear.
C. Somewhat favorable.
D. Strongly favorable.
87. The writer has mentioned all the following benefits of hitchhiking EXCEPT _______.
A. promoting mutual respect between strangers.
B. increasing one’s confidence in strangers.
C. protecting environment.
D. enriching one’s knowledge.
88. “Either put it to the test yourself…” in Paragraph (11) means _______.
A. to experience the hopefulness.
B. to read Adams’ book.
C. to offer someone a lift.
D.to be a hitchhiker. TEXT C
I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else.
Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.
I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.
I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at h er ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak L aotian very well).
I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs in them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.
She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price se t; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.
The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in the marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.
I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.
I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I
remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colours. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!
There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.
89.According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace _______.
A refused to speak to her.
B was pleasant and attractive.
C was selling skirts ribbons.
D recognized her immediately.
90. Which of the following in NOT correct?
A. The writer was not used to bargaining.
B. People in Asia always bargain when buying things.
C. Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.
D. The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.
91. The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because the woman _______.
A. thought that the last offer was reasonable.
B.thought she could still make much money.
C.was glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining.
D. was tired of bargaining with the writer any more.
92. Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts?
A.The skirts were cheap and pretty.
B.She liked the patterns on the skirts.
C.She wanted to do something as compensation.
D.She was fed up with further bargaining with the woman.
93.When the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because _______.
A. she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling.
B. she was afraid of crying in public.
C. she had learned to face difficulties bravely.
D. she had to show in public that she was strong.
94. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?
A.she suddently felt very sad.
B.she liked the ribbons so much.
C.she was overcome by emotion.
D.she felt sorry for the woman.
TEXT D
The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, on my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.
These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”.
Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.
The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.
“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life,” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable.”School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”
His is not popular idea. Schools are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives?
It may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is compelling. Despite the complaints and studies about our kids’ lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than an y industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. In Ja pan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesn’t produce a well-educated child, learning takes time and more learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.
The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It
comes from teachers. It comes from tradition. And surely from kids. But the most important part of the conflict has been over the money.
95. Which of the following is an opinion of the autho r’s?
A. “The kids are hanging out.”
B. “They are sc hool children without school.”
C.”These kids are not old enough for jobs.”
D. “The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.”
96. The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to
A.the gr owing season on nation’s form.
B.the labour demands of the industrial age.
C.teachers’ demands f or more vacation time.
D. parents’ demands for other experiences for their kids.
97. The author thinks that the current school calendar
A. is still valid.
B. is out of date.
C.can not be revised.
D.can not be defended.
98. Why was Dr. Boyer’s idea unp opular?
A. He argues for the role of school in solving social problems.
B. He supports the current school calendar.
C. He thinks that school year and family life should be considered separately.
D. He strongly believes in the educational role of school.
99.“The long summers of forgetting take a toll ”in the las t paragraph but one means that
A. long summer vacation slows down the progress of learning.
B. long summer vacation has been abandoned in Europe.
C. long summers result in less learning time.
D. long summers are a result of tradition.
100. The main purpose of the passage is
A. to describe how American children spend their summer.
B. to explain the needs of the modern working families.
C. to discuss the problems of the current school calendar.
D. to persuade parents to stay at home to look after their kids.
00541-2017年4月真题及答案
2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 语言学概论试卷 (课程代码00541) 第一部分选择题(共30分) 一、革项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题l分，共20分) 1．汉语属于 A．孤立语 B.屈折语 C．粘着语 D。复综语2．“种花”的“花”和‘‘花钱”的“花”是 A．同义词 B．多义词 C．同音词 D．近义词3．苏美尔人发明了 A．楔形文字 B．甲骨文 C．腓尼基字母 D.阿拉伯字母 4．第二语言学习者在使用外语时常常借助于母语的发音、词义、结构规则或习惯来表达思想的现象叫 A．语言相关 B.语言辅助 C．语言影响D．语言迁移 5．“郭明义是当代的雷锋”中，“雷锋”属于借代中的 A．以部分代整体 B.以特征代本体 C．以具体代抽象D．以专称代通称 6．“成立”和“建立”这两个词的词义区别主要是 A．理性意义不同 B．感情色彩不同 C．语体色彩不同 D．形象色彩不同
7．根据乔姆斯基提出的假设，人的大脑中储存的全人类语言所共有的语言知识叫 A．人类语法 B.普遍语法 C．个人语法 D．个别语法 8．从同一种语言中分化出来的各个语言叫 A．地方话 B．隐语 C．亲属语言 D．原始基础语 9．“活儿我不做了!三颗粮食，收不收有什么关系?”使用的修辞手法是 A．拟人 B．拟物 C．夸张 D．降格 10．语言符号的能指是 A．词汇B．语音 C．语义 D．语法 11．汉语普通话以北方方言为基础方言主要出于 A．人们的喜好 B．经济上的原因 C．文化上的原因D．政治上的原因 12．诗歌属于 A.谈话语体 B．应用语体 C．文学语体 D．宣传语体 13.纳西族语言称“大树”为“树母”、“小树”为“树
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2017) —GRADE FOUR— TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN PART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.
41.Apology Helps It is never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you have judged roughly, you said unkind things, and pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and truly that you were so sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening, isn’t it? It is frightening because some deep wisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is disturbed; and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and regret expressed. A heartfelt apology can not only heal a damaged relationship but also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or judged too roughly, or just neglected, do something about it right now. 42. Sleep Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? There is no one answer that applies to every individual. It is possible to feel “tired” physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body may be exhausted, you do not feel sleepy. It is not so easy to simply “turn off”. Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. Experts say adults need at
2017年4月思想道德修养与法律基础真题 一、单项选择题 本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.理想信念是由理想和信念两个概念结合而成，包含了理想和信念各自的含义。其中，理想是（）。 A．人们在社会生活中应该遵循的行为规范的总和 B．人们在改造世界过程中形成的对于自我和世界的认识 C．人们在实践中形成的具有现实可能性的对未来的向往和追求 D．人们在一定的认识基础上确立的对某种思想或事物坚信不疑的态度 【答案】C 【解析】考查理想信念的含义。理想是人们在实践中形成的具有实现可能性的对未来的向往和追求，是人们的世界观、人生观和价值观在奋斗目标上的集中体现。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 2.人们的理想信念遍及社会生活的所有领域，呈现出许多不同的类型。建立社会主义制度，并在全世界实现共产主义，属于（）。 A．生活领域的理想信念 B．职业领域的理想信念 C．道德领域的理想信念 D．社会领域的理想信念 【答案】D 【解析】社会领域的理想信念是人们在社会公共生活方面所持的基本理念和对于理想的社会制度的向往和追求。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 3.人们的理想信念存在于人们的内心深处，属于一种精神现象。但它又不只是一种纯粹的主观现象和静止的精神状态，而是一种包含着行动意志的复合现象，表现为从精神向行动的转变过程。这说明理想信念具有（）。 A．多样性和共同性 B．思想性和实践性 C．时代性和阶级性 D．虚幻性和超越性 【答案】B 【解析】理想信念具有思想性与实践性。人们的理想信念存在于人的内心深处，属于一种精神现象。但是，它又不只是一种纯粹的主观现象和静止的精神状态，而是一种包含着行动意志的复合现象，是一种从精神向行动的转变过程。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 4.现阶段我国各民族人民的共同理想是（）。 A．实现共产主义 B．脱贫致富奔小康 C．建设中国特色社会主义
2017年专四英语阅读基础训练题 2017年专四英语阅读基础训练题 Initiative is doing the right thing without being told.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的2017年专四英语阅读基础训练题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网! The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don' t go. But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don' t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other' s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators. Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn' t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can' t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either. Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn' t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up. 1.According to the author, ___.
Popular Pastime of the English People One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are f lowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other ’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. 4. British and American Police Officers Real policemen, both in Britain and the ., hardly recognize any commonpoints between their lives and what they se on TV — if they ever get home in time. Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them. The first difference is that a policeman ’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what ’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes. Useful Words and Expressions: 1. think much of 重视，尊重 2. in court 在法庭上 3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者 4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的 5. Living Space How much living space does a person need What happens when his space needs are not met Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival These are interesting questions.
2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 语言学概论试卷(课程代码00541) 第一部分选择题(共30分) 一、革项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题l分，共20分) 1．汉语属于 A．孤立语 B.屈折语 C．粘着语 D。复综语 2．“种花”的“花”和‘‘花钱”的“花”是 A．同义词 B．多义词 C．同音词 D．近义词 3．苏美尔人发明了 A．楔形文字 B．甲骨文 C．腓尼基字母 D.阿拉伯字母 4．第二语言学习者在使用外语时常常借助于母语的发音、词义、结构规则或习惯来表达思想的现象叫 A．语言相关 B.语言辅助 C．语言影响D．语言迁移 5．“郭明义是当代的雷锋”中，“雷锋”属于借代中的 A．以部分代整体 B.以特征代本体 C．以具体代抽象D．以专称代通称 6．“成立”和“建立”这两个词的词义区别主要是 A．理性意义不同 B．感情色彩不同 C．语体色彩不同 D．形象色彩不同 7．根据乔姆斯基提出的假设，人的大脑中储存的全人类语言所共有的语言知识叫 A．人类语法 B.普遍语法 C．个人语法 D．个别语法 8．从同一种语言中分化出来的各个语言叫 A．地方话 B．隐语 C．亲属语言 D．原始基础语 9．“活儿我不做了!三颗粮食，收不收有什么关系?”使用的修辞手法是 A．拟人 B．拟物 C．夸张 D．降格 10．语言符号的能指是
A．词汇B．语音 C．语义 D．语法 11．汉语普通话以北方方言为基础方言主要出于 A．人们的喜好 B．经济上的原因 C．文化上的原因D．政治上的原因 12．诗歌属于 A.谈话语体 B．应用语体 C．文学语体 D．宣传语体 13.纳西族语言称“大树”为“树母”、“小树”为“树男”，反映出古代纳西族曾经历过 A．群婚制阶段 B．族外婚制阶段 C．母系氏族社会阶段 D．家族制阶段 14．希腊字母属于 A．辅音文字 B．全音素文字 C.表意文字 D．象形文字 15．古代关于马的词很多，如“驹”两岁马、“駣”三岁马、“馬八”八岁马，这些词被称为 A．同源词B．类义词 C．同义词 D．同形词 16．语言符号的结构必须是按照时间先后顺序依次出现，这是语言符号的 A．系统特征 B．约定特征 C．层级特征 D．线性特征 17．对“语言”和“言语”这两个概念进行区分的是 A．索绪尔 B．鲍阿斯 C．沃尔夫 D．施莱歇尔 18．“他们的品质是那样的纯洁和高尚，他们的意志是那样的坚韧和刚强，他们的气质是那村的纯朴和谦逊，他们的胸怀是那样的美丽和宽广”是 A.对偶句B．排比句 C．反复句 D．回环句 19.下面各词借自于汉代西域的是 A．葡萄 B．罗汉 C．蛮夷 D．胡同 20．某一言语社团同时使用两种或两种以上语言的社会现象叫
2007年法语专四题答案 第一部分：听写 Les Vacances de Louise Louise est une petite fille de dix ans.L’année dernière,elle est allée en vacances au bord de la mer pour la première fois.Voici ce que Louise nous raconte: J’habiteàla campagne,alors pour moi,c’était unévênement.Nous sommes partis,mes parents et moi,t?t le matin et nous sommes arrivés tard le soiràMarseille. J’ai ditàma mère:?Je veux voir la plage tout de suite.? Ma mère a répondu:?Ce n’est pas possible pour ce soir.Va dormir.? Alors j’ai attendu jusqu’àminuit et je suis sortie tout doucement de la maison. Je me suis dirigée vers les bateaux.Quand je suis arrivée sur la plage,j’ai vu la mer qui brillait au clair de la lune.C’était magnifique.Je suis revenue très heureuse et je suis rentrée sans bruit dans ma chambre.Cette soirée est l’un de mes meilleurs souvenirs de vacances. 听力 Section A:CBAAB CACCB Section B:BACAC BABCA 第二部分：词汇 近义词1-5C B A C D 反义词6-10B A B B D 完型B D D A B D B A C C 第三部分：语法 语法单选：1-5B C D C C 6-10A A A D C 11-15B A B B D
2017年英语专业四级真题及答案 III. 语言知识： 11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot. A. Regarding B. Whatever. C. In so far as D. No matter 12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it.. A. wherein B. on which C. but when D. then 13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience. A. woman drivers B. women driver C. women drivers D. woman driver 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness 15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______. A. alleviate hostility B. express unfavorable feelings C. indicate uncertainty D. make a suggestion 16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____. A obligation B disappointment C future in the past D. tentativeness 17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history. A. could have later made B. should have made later C. might make later D. would later make 18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes. A. having been created B. being created C. to have been created D. to be created 19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone. A. would have been …had been B. should be … had been C. could be … were D. might have been… were 20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yours A. the B. an C. that D. whichever 21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their
英语专业四级听写50篇 前言 听写在英语专业四级统考中占有15％的比重，是考试的重要组成部分。 说起听写，正在准备和已经参加过英语专业四级考试的同学会说： “我能明白听写的内容，可写的时候就是跟不上！”“短文大意我明白，可是有的语我不 会写。” 这只反映出了问题的两个方面。一是听写速度不够快。二是词汇量不够或词汇掌握得不够准确。这些无疑是影响听写成绩的重要因素。但是，这些不是问题的全部。在从事听写教学及听写问卷过程中，很容易发现学生失分的具体问题： （1）没听懂，没听好，听写速度跟不上，写出的内容断断续续不连贯，学生因此大量失分； （2）有的词汇没听懂，拼写不够准确，这导致听写失分； （3）时态错误导致失分； （4）单复数不准确导致失分； （5）没有注意断句或专有名词，句子开头单词或专有名词错误使用大小写导致失分； （6）没有注意原文冠词的使用，书写时漏掉冠词导 致失分； （7）没有注意单数第三人称形式导致失分； （8）没有注意单数复数名词的形式导致失分。 上述问题的产生有的是缺乏训练造成的，如书写速度跟不上。有的则是语言基础较 差造成的，如听力较差没有完全听懂或没有掌握好词汇。而单复数、大小写、冠词漏写 等则多是粗心大意造成的。 听写部分能提高吗？ 当然能！而且提高的空间很大。 笔者从事英语专业基础教学与研究，从一开始所带的教学班参加四级考试超过全国 院校平均通过率28．2个百分点，超过全国专业外语院校平均通过率12．5个百分点开始，所带的教学班在全国英语专业④级统考中通过率始终ito％，平均成绩、优秀率始终名列 前茅。最近一次所带的教学班参加四级统考，又考出了很好的成绩，通过率超过全国院 校平均水平26石个百分点，超过全国专业外语院校13．6个百分点，而且在十几个平行 班中平均成绩是最高的，优秀人数也是最多的。在四级考试中，听写一项的成绩也不例外，每次均位居第一，本项目满分15分，所带班级平均成绩能够达到14分。 是不是学生基础很好？统计表明，和平行班相比所带班级入学时并不存在什么特别 优势。 教学经验表明，听写成功的关键是训练方法和体现训练方法的训练材料。 听写训练过程中无论是老师还是学生都有必要注意以下几点： 二．扭握淤轿肘虚度大纲要求第一遍用正常速
听 写 Contents 第一章英语专业四级50篇听写实战大演练 P ASSAGE 1............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?What a Firefighter’s Job Is Iike.............................................................. 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 2............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Aliens ....................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 3............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Computer Eyeglasses............................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 4............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Labor Day ................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 5............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Negative Effects of Television ................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 6............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Family Life in India ................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 7............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Society’s Influence on Education ........................................................... 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 8............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Choosing the Perfect Hair Color ............................................................ 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 9............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。?Traditional Brazilian Clothing................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 10........................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。?Culture Shock .......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 11........................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。?Spy Cell Phones ....................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 12........................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。?Water Pollution........................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。P ASSAGE 13........................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。?Health Benefits of Red Wine ................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
2017年4月《中国近现代史纲要》 一、单项选择题 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出。 1.1840年鸦片战争前，中国社会的性质是（）。 A．奴隶社会 B．封建社会 C．半殖民地半封建社会 D．资本主义社会 【答案】B 【解析】以1840年鸦片战争为标志，中国由封建社会逐步演变为半殖民地半封建社会。鸦片战争是中国近代史的开端。所以1840年鸦片战争之前，中国的社会性质是封建社会。 2.鸦片战争后，提出“师夷长技以制夷”思想的是（）。 A．龚自珍 B．林则徐 C．魏源 D．王韬 【答案】C 【解析】1843年，魏源在《四洲志》的基础上编纂了《海国图志》，综述世界各国历史、地理及中国应采取的对外政策，提出“师夷长技以制夷”思想，主张学习外国先进的军事和科学技术，以期国家富强来抵御侵略。 3.洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂的是（）。 A．同文馆 B．广方言馆 C．译书局 D．译书馆 【答案】A 【解析】1862年奕?创办京师同文馆，是洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂；1863年李鸿章在上海创办广方言馆。 4.1911年，在保路运动中规模最大、斗争最激烈的省份是（）。 A．湖北 B．湖南 C．广东 D．四川
【答案】D 【解析】1911年5月清政府宣布“铁路干线收归国有”，并将粤汉、川汉铁路的路权出卖给帝国主义，引起湖北、湖南、广东、四川反对，保路运动兴起，四川尤其强烈。 5.中国历史上第一步具有资产阶级共和国宪法性质的法典是（）。 A．《中华民国临时约法》 B．《钦定宪法大纲》 C．《中华民国约法》 D．《中华民国宪法》 【答案】A 【解析】1912年3月，临时参议院颁布《中华民国临时约法》，这是中国历史上第一部具有资产阶级共和国宪法性质的法典。 6.中国共产党第一次明确提出反帝反封建民主革命纲领的会议是（）。 A．中共一大 B．中共二大 C．中共三大 D．中共四大 【答案】B 【解析】1922年7月，党的二大在上海召开。中共二大在中国近现代历史上第一次明确提出了彻底的反帝反封建的革命纲领，为中国革命指明了方向。 7.1927年国民党南京政权建立后，官僚资本的垄断活动首先和主要是从（）。A．金融业方面开始 B．商业方面开始 C．轻工业方面开始 D．重工业方面开始 【答案】A 【解析】1927年国民党在全国的统治建立以后，官僚买办资本急剧地膨胀起来。官僚资本的垄断活动，首先和主要的是在金融业方面开始的。 8.1935年1月，中国共产党召开的具有历史转折意义的会议是（）。 A．八七会议 B．古田会议 C．遵义会议 D．洛川会议 【答案】C 【解析】1935年1月15～17日，中共中央政治局在遵义召开扩大会议。集中全力解决当时具有决定意义的军事和组织问题。遵义会议在危急情况下挽救了党、