《资源与评价》初中英语八上答案Module 1Unit1基础过关
I. 1—5 translate, mistakes, excellent, messages, advice,
6—10 punctuations, meaning, spelling, correct, grammar
II. 11—15 BAABB 16—20 AACAA
III. 21. about, saving 22. Why, did 23. not, write 24. Let’s, have 25. Don’t, to
IV. 26. Could you give me some advice on how to remember English words?或Could you tell me how to remember English words?
27. write down / make
28. use flashcards to help me
29. put the translation on the back / read it / learn it / study it
30. else / is the most important thing to remember words
V. 31. are having 32. is telling 33. to learn 34. to speak 35. spelling
36. to check 37. have 38. will come 39. not to translate 40. learning
VI. A. 41—45 TFFTT
B. 46. When he got to England, he started working hard on it.
47. Engels did.
48. Because he found it important to study some things in Russian.
49. Six months.
50. We should not translate everything into our own languages.
Unit2 基础过关
I. 1. improving 2. basic 3. real 4. watching 5. takes/took/will take
6. ourselves
7. breath
8. conversation
9. time 10.guess
11. accents 12. advises/advised 13. list 14. piece 15. at
II. 16. to talk 17. spend much 18. not count 19. enjoy yourself 20. to look
21. meaning of 22. good at 23. advises/asks/tells, to 24. begin/have，breath
III. 25—29 CABCA30—34 ABACB
IV. 35—40 English, but, to, American, accents, wishes
V. A. 41—45 增加，研究，输入，乐趣，磁带
B. 46—50 FTTFT
Unit3 基础过关
I.（答案不唯一）1. ask that policeman 2. make it a little later
3. should use flashcards to help you
4. about traveling by train
5. to smile
6. go there by plane
7. about reading some English every day
8. to know the color of your shoes 9. you listen to some songs in English
10. go out to play basket ball
II. 11—15 BACCB 16—20 ABACA
III. 21. What’s the time / What time is it now 22. What are you doing
23. I am sorry / I’m afraid I can’t. 24. Why not climb the hill / What about going cycling
25. Good idea / OK / All right 26. What about two o’clock / half past two
27. Why don’t / Shall 28. Let’s make it
29. Where shall we meet then 30. See you
IV. 31. don’t 32. speak, 33. saying 34. asking 35. make
36. not 37.about 38. to 39. time 40. to
V. 41—45 TFFTT
VI 46—50 ABCCA
能力提升
I. 1—5 ACBCA6—10 BBCAC 11—15 ABAAB
II. 16—20 CBABC 21—25 ABBAC
III. A) 26—30 TFTTF
B) 31 After the host serves everyone.
32. I should ask someone to pass it to me.
33. For dabbing(轻拍) my lips
34. No, it isn’t.
35. No, I shouldn’t.
C) 36. computers, English 37. translate, any 38. another, language
39. right, wrong 40. yourself, learning
IV. 41. lying 42. visiting 43. will study 44. carries 45. is going to have/ will have
46. was 47. tried 48. enjoyed 49. listen 50. help
V. A) 51. newspapers 52. language 53. idea/way 54.Radio 55. forget
B) 56. teacher 57. actor/teacher 58.excellent 59. teaching 60. listeners/class/students
VI. I keep a vocabulary notebook. When I learn a new word, I write it down in my notebook. I also write down a sentence next to it. I make flashcards to study new words. On one side of the cards, I write the English word, on the other side of it I write the Chinese meaning. I use the new words very often. I think the best way to learn and remember the new words is to use them often.
Module 2Unit1 基础过关
I. 1. captain 2. passengers 3. landed 4. Airport 5. ever.
II. 6. The first prize 7. today’s newspaper 8. will take off 9. cabin stewards
10. dreamed about
III. 11. has visited 12. have …traveled 13. have… watched
14. has…entered 15. Have… visited
IV. 16. Have you invited anyone to stay with you yet? Y es, I have.
17. Has she enjoyed your messages about your life here in Beijing? No, she hasn’t.
18. Has she always wanted to go to the USA and Europe? Y es, she has.
19. Have you never visited the USA? No, I haven’t
20. Have they entered a singing competition? Y es, they have.
V. 21. Tom hasn’t arrived in Beijing Capital Airport.
22. We haven’t decided to travel by plane.
23. My father hasn’t decorated our house yet.
24. I haven’t learned to ride a bike.
25. My mother hasn’t washed the clothes.
VI. 26—30 BCAAB 31—35 BCACB
VII. 36. what’s your pen friend’s name 37. No, she hasn’t. 38. Y es, I have.
39. Have you looked at today’s newspaper? 40. Have you ever entered a competition? VIII. TFFTT
Unit2基础过关
I.A) 1.Have you ever been to China? / Have you ever traveled all over China?
2.What’s your favorite place?
B). 3.Have you ever been to San Francisco? 4.How often do you go to see them?
C). 5.Have you ever tried western food? 6.Where did you have it?
D). 7.Have you ever been to Liu Huan’s concerts? 8. Where did you go to his concert?
E). 9.Have you ever seen a film? 10. Where was it on?
II. 11—15 JDBHF 16—20 AIECG
III. 21. have, seen, was, were 22. have, visited, went, have, been 23. have, had, was, met
24. have, flown, have, traveled, will fly/am flying 25. have, been, went, stayed
IV. 26—30 ABBAA31—35 CBCCA
V. 36—40 BABBC
VI. 41—45 TTFFF
Unit3基础过关
I. 1—5 CBBAC 6—10 BABCA11—15 BACBB
II. 16. have never/not 17. Why hasn’t 18. have, bought 19. haven’t, yet 20. has been
III. 21. Have you ever been to a S.H.E. concert? No, I haven’t.
22. Has your father tried western food? Y es, he has.
23. How many times has Bob been abroad? Only once.
24. How did they travel to Beijing last year? They took a plane there.
25. Is his new song popular all over China now? Y es, it is.
IV. 26. many, has, been, United 27. has gone, another, by 28. has, more than, cities
29. has written an, in 30. will, take, at, Capital
V. 31—35 TTFTT
VI. 36. Disneyland 37. Hong Kong Island 38. New Territories
39. International Airport 40. Kowloon
能力提升
I. 1—5 BCAAB 6—10 ABCAB 11—15 ACBBC
II. 16—20 ABCAA21—25 BAAAC
III. A) 26—30 TTFTF B) 31—35 ABCAB
C) 36. The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens in 1896
37. When people hold the Olympic Games, they always make an emblem(会徽).
38. The message the Athens Olympic Games wants to give is “peace”.
39 It means the capital of China.
40. The spirit of the Beijing Olympic Games is faster , higher and stronger.
IV. 41—45 countries/cities, before, Someone/Somebody, kind, anywhere
46—50 beside, yet, Palace, climbing, taken
V. 51. have, seen, saw 52. Have, been, have been 53. Have, eaten, will try 54. has, come, is 55. was, has become 56. Has, mended, is, mending 57. Have, you, am, reading
58. Did, see, have, seen 59. Have, traveled, traveling 60. have, lived, moved
VI. 61. What’s the weather like today?/What do you think of the weather/snow?
62. How long have you been here
63. Y ou have learned skiing from him/Y ou have skied before.
64. Have you ever been to
65. Would you like to have a try?
VII. Daqing is my hometown. It is in Heilongjiang. It is in the north of China. I remember when I was a child, there were no buildings, no wide roads and no green trees in my hometown. Now it has changed a lot. We have built many tall and beautiful buildings. We have many wide new roads and new bridges. My hometown is now like a beautiful park. There are trees and flowers everywhere. Every neighborhood has a beautiful garden. We can do sport, walk and play in it. I love my hometown very much.
Module 3Unit1基础过关
I.1. station 2. recently 3. model 4. several/ some 5. discovered 6. panic 7. latest 8. Mars 9. shuttle 10. show
II.11. have traveled 12. has… tried 13. has made 14. found
15. will work / worked /has worked 16. Has https://www.doczj.com/doc/f43590510.html,e 17. will/are going to translate
18. buys 19. has come 20. have built
III.21. What is the boy doing? 22. What have they decided to do?
23. How many times have you heard from your father this month?
24. She hasn’t just gone to the book shop. 25. What have you borrowed from him?
26. Who has sent a spacecraft to Mars? 27. What homework hasn’t the girl finished yet?
28. What has Tom already done?
IV. 29～33 ACBBC 34～40 ABBBCCA
V. 41. Yuri Gagarin was born in a town west of Moscow
42. He graduated from his school, he entered a military flight training school.
43. Gagarin was selected as a cosmonaut for the space program.
44. He made history because of his magnificent flight
45. He died in a plane crash because of bad weather.
Unit2基础过关
I. 1. alone 2. solar systems 3. None 4. environment 5. galaxy 6. billion 7. universe
8. beyond 9. light 10. prefer
II. 11. millions 12. goes 13. called 14. to understand 15. to reach 16. planets 17. flying 18. cost 19. entrance 20. business
III. 21～25 BCAAB 26～28 ABC
IV. 29. has sent …message 30. not only/more than 31. has taken …to reach 32. with …spacecraft 33. billion …called …Milky Way 34. Some scientists think that life on our
planet came from other planets and there might be other types of life there, looking like us. 35. Y es, they have. 36. A picture of the Milky Way with the Earth within it. 37. People should thi nk carefully before sending out our position to outer space. 38. No. they haven’t. /Never. Unit3基础过关
I. 1. secret 2. Jupiter 3. explored 4. Unmanned 5. Even 6. Diary 7. real 8. mission 9. twice 10. safely
II. 11. have gone 12. hasn’t seen, is going 13. has stopped 14. lost, hasn’t got 15. haven’t finished, are having 16. has been 17. has known 18. has returned 19. has fallen 20. has improved
III. 21～25 ABBAC 26～30 ACBCC
IV. 31. 200 billion 32. Because of space dust. 33. The sun. 34. Its temperature. 35. Its energy has begun to fade. 36. 幸运的是，那要过很长时间才要我们去考虑那个问题。
能力提升
I. 1. alone 2. secret 3. several 4. planets 5. discovered 6. billion 7. universe 8. beyond
9. messages 10. return
II. 11. washing 12. latest 13. safely 14. recently 15. ever 16. real 17. manned 18. discovery 19. landing 20. named
III. 21～25 BACCC 26～30 CACAC
IV. 31. heard 32. haven’t 33. what 34. sent 35. space 36. astronauts 37. have 38. to 39.missions 40. How 41. long 42. stay 43. for 44. Will 45. walk 46. only 47. later 48. hope 49. return 50 safely
V. 51～55 BAACC 56～60 BACBC
VI. 61.Venus. 62. The largest volcano found in the solar system. 63. Only 9 hours and 55 minutes. 64. 88 days. 65. If there was a bathtub big enough to hold Saturn, it would float in the water! 66. Because earthmen need oxygen to breathe but there is almost no oxygen on Mars.
67. Because there would be little air on Mars. 68. Because there is carbon on Mars, and it is a kind of material found in all plants and animals on the earth. 69. It could be a kind of plant life changing color with the seasons. 70. Going to Mars. 71. She saw it in a field not far from her home. 72. She saw two people wearing silver suits get out. 73. They used something to examine the ground. 74. Because they did not want others to laugh at their daughter. 75. When they hypnotized Gaynor, she was able to tell her story again and even draw a picture of the UFO
VII. 76. We can usually see the sun, the moon and the stars in the sky. The sun is only one of the stars. There are more than 200 billion stars in our galaxy. The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun with the other seven other planets. The sun and its planets are called the solar system. It’s a small part of our galaxy. Scientists have discovered many other galaxies in the universe. They are too far away. It’s hard to understand how large the universe is.
Scientists have sent lots of spacecrafts to the other planets in our solar system and some have reached beyond the solar system. However, no one has discovered any life in space yet.
Module 4Unit1基础过关
I. 1. heard 2. since 3. still 4. difficult/ dangerous 5. poor 6. sounds 7. study 8. education 9. foreign 10. world
II. 11. for 12. since 13. for 14. for 15. since 16. since 17. since 18. for 19. since 20. for
III. 21～25 ABBAC 26～30 BABAB
IV. 31. A When---How long 32. B gone---been 33. B to---for 34. B left---been away
35. B borrowed---kept
V. 36～40 BBCCB
Unit2基础过关
I. 1. describe 2. drop 3. raised 4. education 5. electricity 6. ill 7. trained 8. important
9. countryside 10. Perhaps
II. 11. have posted 12. speaks 13. is raining 14. climbed 15. went 16. haven’t finished 17. will make 18. Has arrived 19. talking 20. have planted
III. 21～25 BBBAB 26～30 BCCBA
IV. 31. an eleven-year-old 32. had …drop out of school at …age 33. with the help of 34. In …last, has raised, paid for …education …million 35. Most people…have heard of…have given money 36. the last book… in English
V. 37～41 ACCCC
Unit3基础过关
I. 1. heard 2. paid 3. Luckily 4. Province 5. abroad 6. since 7. Health Organization 8. leaflet 9. nearly 10. point
II. 11. describe 12. importance 13. areas 14. dropped 15. is training 16. raised 17. Thousands 18. luck 19. Perhaps 20. illness
III. 21. How long have you studied English? 22. How long have they known each other? 23. How long hasn’t she seen her mother? 24. When did his father die? 25. How long has he worked in the factory? 26. What did you visit last night? 27. They liked the city, too. 28. What has the tea cher done? 29. My brother doesn’t do his homework every day. 30. Did Mary do any washing this morning?
IV. 31. has been in 32. have kept …since …ago 33. has had a cold 34. has been awake 35. has been on for 36. has been open
V. 37. By bus. 38. From TV. 39. No. They had it in the morning.
40. Mrs. Smith. 41. An hour.
能力提升
I. 1. language 2. sounds 3. Perhaps 4. Luckily 5. paid 6. electricity 7. still 8. health
9.descriptions 10. dropped
II. 11. healthy 12. carelessly 13. importance 14. education 15. lucky 16. sent 17. Thousands 18. more 19. better 20. nearly
III. 21～25 CCBCA26～30 CACBA
IV. 31. piece 32. back 33. together 34. Who 35. helped 36. so 37. build 38. trained 39. With 40. why
V. 41～45 BACCB 46～50 ABCCB
VI. 51～55 CBCBC
56. She was one of the first women doctors. 57. She was born in England and grew up in
New Y ork and she learned medicine in a medical school in Europe. 58. They wouldn’t let her in the wards, and she had very few patients. 59. Because her hospital helped the poor and she opened a medical school for women. 60. Because she wanted to help more women become doctor. 61. children fit life 62. work with hands 63. it is “low” work 64. free education 65. fit children for life
VII. 66. I began to learn English in Grade 1 of primary school. Since then I have learned English for about seven years. With the teachers’ help, I have known a lot of English. I have learned a lot of words and expressions. They have helped me a lot. Now I can read books in easy English. Since we started middle school, our English teacher has trained our speaking and writing. We have done better than before. She has also taught us a lot of grammar and all of us have improved our writing because of fewer mistakes. Now I can write passages in English and our teacher often says that I have done a good job. I will work harder at it and try my best to learn it.
Module 5Unit 1 基础过关
I. 1. of 2. in, of 3. through 4. on 5. of 6. to 7. Germans
8. orchestra 9. fans 10. country 11. serious 12. classical 13. lively 14. musicians 15. best 16. traditional 17. noisier 18. has written
II. 19. A20. A21. B 22. C 23. A24. C 25. B 26. A27. B 28. A
III. 29. has he 30. didn’t he 31. will you 32. do we 33. can they/he
34. haven’t they 35. isn’t there 36. wasn’t she 37. shall we 38. doesn’t he
IV. 39. I 40. C 41. H 42. B 43. J 44. E 45. A46. D 47. G 48. F
V. 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. A53. D 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. B 58. B
VI. 59. C 60. C 61. B 62. C 63. B
64. birds 65. angry 66. suggested 67. died 68. talked 69. moved
VII. 70. Our headmaster is a very lively woman.
71. Give us a break.
72. I’m a fan of rap.
73. He wants to learn to play the techno.
74. His music is beautiful and dramatic.
75. Y our cousin likes classical music, doesn’t he?
Unit 2 基础过关
I. 1. capital 2. European 3. musician 4. concerts 5. traditional
6. of
7. for
8. for
9. over 10.in
11. of 12. for 13. successful 14. called 15. has been dead
16. was born 17. pieces 18. most important
II. 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A23. C 24. B 25. A
26. B 27. C 28. A29. B 30. A
III. 31. faster than the others 32. with the name of 33. at the age of
34. Not only, but also, enjoys 35. six months ago
IV. 36. C 37. J 38. F 39. G 40. A
41. D 42. E 43. I 44. B 45. H
46. Shall we have something to eat?
47. Whether there is a restaurant?
48. How far is it?
49. Which music do you like?
50. Do you want to have a try?
V. 51. A52. B 53 D 54. C 55. C 56. A57. D 58. B 59. A60. C
VI. 61. musical 62. country 63. colours 64. tickets 65.best
66. him 67. saything 68. until 69. painter’s 70. words
VII. 71. B 72. C 73. B 74. B 75. A
76. It is 37 oC.
77. At the temperature of 100 oC.
78. At the temperature of 0 oC.
79. To see a doctor.
80. The nurse.
VIII. 81. His waltzes made him famous all over Europe.
82. He wrote more than 400 waltzes, didn’t he?
83. There were two composers called Johann Strauss, weren’t there?
84. A lot of composers and musicians came to study and work in V ienna.
85. Johann Strauss the younger was even more successful and popular than his father.
86. His family took him around Europe and he gave concerts in many cities.
87. What did Mozart write in addition to operas?
88. Before he was six he played not only the piano, but also the violin.
Unit 3 基础过关
I. 1. with 2. from 3. by 4. as 5. for 6. for, on 7. own
8. never 9. ringing 10. looking 11. to sing 12. recording 13. playing
14. Luckily
II. 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A19. B 20. B 21. C 22. B
23. A24. C 25. A26. B 27. A28. B 29. C 30. B
III. 31. isn’t it 32. didn’t he 33. didn’t she 34. is there 35. will you/won’t you
36. hasn’t he 37. are they/is he 38. was she 39. aren’t there 40. isn’t it
IV. 41. C 42. A43. E 44. F 45. D
46. Thank you
47. How long have you played / learned
48. Who taught you
49. How often do you come here
50. What do you want to be / become
V. 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. A
61. from 62. care 63. away 64. lonely 65. quiet
66. travelled 67. enjoyed 68. holidays 69. jobs / journeys 70. because
VI. 71. C 72. B 73. D 74. B 75. C
76. 4021877 77.￥150 78. Scottish 79. twelve
VII. 80. An orchestra is a large group of musicians who play classical music.
81. What kind of music did Elvis like when he was a young child?
82. Elvis got a part-time job as a milkman.
83. How did her interest in classical music start?
84. Because his father has very little money, the guitar had no strings.
85. Around the world he has sold over one billion records, more than any other artist.
能力提升
I. 1. lively 2. fan 3. together 4. composers 5. famous
6. western
7. listening
8. work
9. well 10. twentieth
11. rest 12. noisy 13. centuries 14. own 15. traditional
II. 16. B 17. C 18. A19. A20. B 21. C 22. C 23. B
24. A25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A
III. 31. will you 32. is it 33.aren’t they 34.aren’t they 35. did they/he
36. have they 37. have they 38. aren’t I 39. isn’t there 40.is it
IV. 41. has had, for a
42. when he was six
43.How soon will he come back home?
44. How many times have the Smiths been to the Palace Museum?
45. How is her music?
V. 46. H 47. I 48. E 49.B 50. F 51. D 52. J 53. A54. G 55. C 56. tickets 57. like 58. ever 59. have 60. If
VI. 61. D 62. A63. B 64. B 65. C 66. D 67. A68. B 69. A70. C
71. happy 72. from 73. other 74. best 75. movies
76. tells 77. But 78. work 79. says 80. really
VII. 81. D 82. C 83. C 84. D 85. B
86. T 87. T 88. F 89. F 90. F
91. knowledge 92. Americans 93. were 94. to 95. or
96. spare 97. money 98. on 99. running 100. hurry
VIII. 略
Module 6Unit 1 基础过关
I. 1. about 2. on 3. with 4. into 5. down, into 6. at
7. by 8. called 9. answered 10. succeed 11. suddenly 12. right 13. put 14. do 15. was listening 16. was reading 17. writes 18. will be 19. has gone 20. were, doing 21. was working 22. was drawing
II. 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A27. C 28. A29. C 30. B
31. A32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
III. 36. has been in, for 37. What was she doing when you called her?
38. runs fastest in 39. What does she have to do? 40. don’t know IV. 41. How many times have you read it? 42. Who is the writer of the book?
43. So do I. 44. I t’s exciting. 45. Is it far from here?
V. 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A54. C 55. D 56. listening 57. only 58. example 59. find 60. interested 61. good 62. thinking 63. other 64. like 65. success VI. 66. A67. D 68. D 69. B 70. A
71. sick children 72. toys, children 73. toys, happy
74. buy, toys 75. themselves, helpful
VII. 76. They were talking about the question at that time.
77. It was raining hard, but nobody stopped working.
78. Were you listening to music all night?
79. One day, the Queen was playing in the garden and the King was sitting on the grass.
80. Every boy and girl has read the book.
Unit 2 基础过关
I. 1. with 2. anything 3. with, in 4. to, 5. off 6. for 7. strangers
8. character 9. even 10. named 11. their 12. buying 13. across 14. twice 15. fallen 16. was washing 17. to have 18. Were, having 19. listening 20. was sitting 21. came
II. 22. C 23. A24. B 25. C 26. A27. C 28. A29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A III. 33. Tom was watching TV at three o’clock yesterday. 34. him flying
35. comes/is from 36. How soon will she be back? 37. took out, from
IV. 38. E 39. D 40. C 41. A42. B
43. C 44. A45. E 46. D 47. B
V. 48. C 49. B 50. A51.D 52. C 53. B 54. D 55.A56. B 57. C 58.was chosen 59. have read 60. happily 61. brought 62. took 63. including 64. teacher 65. photos 66. themselves 67. activities VI. 68. D 69. A70. C 71. E 72. B
73. At the age of six months.
74. It was because she was badly ill.
75. With the help of the teacher, she could begin to see and hear everything around her through
her hands.
76. She became a famous writer in America.
77. He len’s story.
VII. 78. Why didn’t Alice like her sister’s book?
79. I saw him standing under a big tree just now.
80. Her mother asks her to play the piano for two hours every day.
81. The manager will tell us something important in the meeting.
82. The children are thinking about the trip to Egypt.
83. What’s happening over there?
Unit 3 基础过关
I. 1. crying 2. will move 3. was cleaning 4. to come 5. not smoke 6. drinking
7. On 8. in 9. in 10. out/off 11. at 12. up 13. During 14. stories 15. real 16. aloud 17. follows 18. Finally II. 19. B 20. A21. B 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A28. C III. 29. What was Tony doing at that time?
30. Was the rabbit having a tea party or dancing?
31. How lovely the rabbit is!
32. He does his homework every day.
33. I was doing my homework at 8 o’clock last night.
IV. 34. D 35. C 36. A37. G 38. F 39. E 40. I 41. L 42. K 43.J
44. He’s had a little accident 45. what was going on 46. he never listens
47. Is the leg broken 48. How does he feel now
V. 49. D 50. C 51. A52. B 53. A54. D 55. A56. B 57. A58. D
59. popular 60. for 61. unless 62. excited 63. harder
64. father 65. bought 66. what 67. send 68. using
VI. 69. A70. A71. D 72. D 73. B
74. He was hit by a car on the road.
75. About 40 days. / About six weeks.
76. He asked him to exercise the arm.
77. Because he thought he would be able to play the piano.
78. No, he didn’t.
VII. 79. The story is about a parrot called Polly.
80. He fell down and hurt his leg yesterday.
81. I saw it happen when I was walking past the Bank of China.
82. Lingling is lying in bed listening to music.
83. The city library is open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m..
能力提升
I. 1. making 2. working 3. loudly 4. largest 5. singers 6. not have 7. hers
8. farthest 9. yours 10. was lying 11. with 12. more 13. only 14. in/wearing 15. on 16. else
II. 17. A18. C 19. A20. B 21. C 22. B 23. A24. C
25. A26. B 27. C 28. A29. A30. A31. B
III. 32. My father has had the car for two years.
33. They spent half a year building the house.
34. How far away is the shopping centre from your house?
35. All the guests haven’t enjoyed themselves at the party.
36. How many times have they listened to the song?
37. She has a cousin named Rob.
38. has he
IV. 39. H 40. E 41. G 42. I 43. D 44. J 45. B 46. F 47. C 48. A
49. I’d like you to come with me
50. How I wish to see it. I’d like to.
51. What day is it today.
52. What’s your plan/ What are you going to do
53. When shall we leave
V. 54. A55. B 56. B 57. B 58. A59. A60. B 61. D 62. C 63. B
64. knowledge 65. because 66. loved 67. success 68. unable
69. through 70. into 71. If 72. not 73. reading
VI. 74.A75. C 76. B 77. A78. C
79. I enjoy using my computer and playing sport.
80. I was short when I was ten, I had long hair and I wore terrible clothes!
81. I’m quite tall and strong now and my hair is short. I buy the clothes myself.
82. I didn’t have to work hard to please the teacher if I didn’t like him or her.
83. I hated the uniform.
VII. 84. writer 85. play 86. bought 87. by 88. take
89. driver 90. both 91. late 92. turned 93. good
VIII. 略
Module 7Unit1基础过关
ⅠA:1. delicious 2. fresh 3. sour 4. pretty 5. like
B: 6. salt 7. meaning 8. to eat 9.is going to be 10. noisy
C: 11. feels 12. cheese 13. looks 14. dancing 15. feels 16. nervous 17. tastes 18. sounds 19.
introduce 20. pizza
Ⅱ. 21-25. CAAAC 26-30 CACAA31-35 CCABC
Ⅲ. CDBEA
Ⅳ. 41 the matter 42. a pizza for you 43 doesn’t look 44. How delicious ,is 45. does it ?
Ⅴ 46. It takes too strong
47. We’re going to the airport to meet my friend Sally from London
48.What does she look like ?
49. She looks very pretty in her photo.
50. I see what you mean .
Ⅵ(A) 51-55 BCABC (B) CCB
Unit2基础过关
ⅠA: 1. quite 2. glasses 3. recognize 4. sweaters 5. politely 6. feeling 7. proud 8. especially 9. excited 10. fair
B: 11. nervous 12. quite 13. proud 14. strangers 15. recognize 16. polite 17. afraid 18. feel 19.
first 20. hearing
C: 21. bad 22. strong 23. nice 24.beautiful 25. hard 26. good 27. careful 28. quiet 29. Are 30.
Do
Ⅱ 31-35 BACAB 36-40 AABAC 41-45 CACCB
Ⅲ 46. with shor t fair 47. Have ; got any 48. What does , look like 49. will you 50. doesn’t feel
Ⅳ. 51. Where have you been ?
52. What does he do ? /What’s his job ?
53. How did you get to know him?
54. What does he look like ?
55. What is he like ?
Ⅴ 56. with long hair 57. Thanks for helping 58. sour as well 59. be proud of 60. did something wrong
Ⅵ. 61. won’t forget 62. have 63. has 64. sounds 65. were 66. taught 67. to speak 68. interested
69. learning 70. worried
Ⅶ. A. 71-75 ABBCB
B. 76. six thirty 77. Saturday 78. 5. 79. bike 80. 5558729.
Unit3基础过关
Ⅰ.A: 1. comfortable 2. fresh 3. short 4. soft 5. shake hands 6, formal 7. strong 8. kiss 9. bad 10.
sounds
B: 11. stranger 12. carefully 13. careful 14. careless 15. to make 16. playing 17. polite 18.
friendly 19. to give 20. to be
Ⅱ 21-25. BCCBB 26-30 BACBA
Ⅲ 31. How does Jim get along with his classmates ?
32. Mr Smith is writing a report in his office .
33. Does the sweater feel soft and comfortable?
34. They take pride in their son.
35. What is the man in this office like ?
Ⅳ. 36-40 DEGAB
Ⅴ. 41. called 42. place 43. like 44. map 45. open 46. way 47. usually 48. mouth 49. listen 50.
enjoy
Ⅵ. A: 51-54 ABCC
B: 55-59 CCCBC
能力提升
ⅠA: 1. look 2. seemed3. got4. became5. grow6. smell7. turned 8. feels 9. tastes10. went B: 11. to hear 12. lying 13. like 14. will recognise ,arrive 15. to get , to eat 16. telling 17.
coming 18. watching 19. is going to be 20. tastes
Ⅱ21-25 CABAA 26-30 CBCAA 31-35 CCBAC
Ⅲ. 36. to be 37. Do, taste 38. How l ike 39. doesn’t it 40. What do , look like
Ⅳ. 41-45DFGBE
Ⅴ(A) 46-50 AABBC 51-55 BCCAC
(B)56. always 57. beat 58. full 59. more 60.kinds 61. babies 62. interested 63. made 64. spend
65. lives
Ⅵ(A) 66-70 ACCBC
(B) 71-75FTFFT
(C) 76. It’s more diffic ult to fall into bad habits.
77. In the school or on the streets.
78. When they cannot write their lessons.
79. It’s necessary and important for the students to get rid of the bad habits in the school.
80略
Ⅶ. 略
Module 8Unit1基础过关
Ⅰ(A) 1. bank 2. supermarket 3. Square 4. Chairman 5. between 6. corner 7. trip 8. paintings 9.
tourists 10. religious
(B) 11. do, live 12. her 13. swimming 14. is 15.shopping 16. Don’t trun 17. will find 18. not to
read 19. is coming 20. not tell
Ⅱ 21-25 BCBCB 26-30 ACABC
Ⅲ 31.straight 32. turn 33. turn 34. turn 35.corner.36. next to37. can't 38. clear 39．so
40. Bye
Ⅳ41. the way to the station 42. your map of Beijing to 43. Don’t 44. a bit或a little 45 Shall we
Ⅴ46. opposite the restaurant 47. opposite ,with 48. on the corner 49. across, square 50. straight ahead , opposite
Ⅵ51-55 BCCCA 56-60 CACBC
Unit2基础过关
Ⅰ(A) 1. left 2. station 3. tour 4. opposite 5. along 6. museums或markets 7. corner 8. between 9. Tower 10. musicians
(B) 11. in 12. opposite 13.along 14. to 15.opposite 16. near 17. at 18.next to 19. along 20.off
(C)21. paintings 22. National23. Buckingham Palace 24. queen 25. above 26 tired 27. palace28.
market29. church 30. corner
Ⅱ 31-35 CCCBA36-40A CBCB
Ⅲ 41. by boat 42. both sides 43. on , right 44. not any 45. What is
Ⅳ46-55 G AHBICFJDE
Ⅴ56-60 ACCCC 61-65 AABCB
Ⅵ(A) 66-70 TTTFT
(B) 71—75 CACCB
Unit3基础过关
Ⅰ A：1. opposite 2. towers 3. tour4 square 5. clearly 6. corner 7. religious 8. bookstore 9. dining hall 10 paintings
B：11.turn 12. began 13. square 14. pool 15. off 16. between 17. corner 18. tourists 19.
supermarket 20. along
Ⅱ21-25 CABCB 26-30CABBC 31-35 BABAC
Ⅲ 36-40 DECFA
Ⅳ 41.Where is 42. Which ;the way to 43. between ,and 44. What street 45. How ,go
Ⅴ46.Turn right into Zhongshan Street.
47. The school is opposite the bookstore.
48. Don’t walk past that supermarket .
49. Take the boat back along the river.
50 Show me your homework.
Ⅵ51. C in 改为on 52. C at 改为to 53. C opened 改为open 54. C to 去掉55. B with 改为and Ⅶ (A)56-60 ( A ) BCCBA(B)61-65(B ) CCCAB
能力提升
Ⅰ.A:1. station2. corner 3. Tower 4. palace 5. bookstore 6. chemist’s 7. museum 8. restaurant 9.
bookstore 10. supermarket .
B: 21. past 12. drawing 13. musician 14. to visit 15. leave 16 to watch 17. likes 18. is eating 19.
play 20. is
Ⅱ .21-25 CBBCB 26-30 BAACC 31-35 BCCCC(35题C选项应改为kind of)
Ⅲ 36. How can, get to 37. will you 38. How old is 39. between , and 40. want to
Ⅳ41. go along ,to 42. Tower, city’s oldest palace . 43. back where started 44. tired, to , by boat45.
have visited most of
Ⅴ46. Where’s 47. Take 48. How 49 .far 50 about 51. away 52. How 53. other 54. lot 55 That’s
Ⅵ（A）56-60 CBACC 61-65 CCCAA
（B）66. heavy 67. safely 68. though 69. use 70. why 71. keep 72. spent 73. difficult 74. with
75. happening
Ⅶ (A) TFFFT
(B) 81—85 A C B C C
(C) 86．Nina, Mike 87．getting ready for 88．relax 89．after 90．stay, week
Ⅷ.略
Module 9Unit1基础过关
Ⅰ.1. cousin 2. thin 3. elephant 4. out 5. in 6. most 7. reserves 8. safe 9. too 10. happens
Ⅱ .11. drinking 12. excited 13. interesting 14. to kill 15.killing 16. not to think 17. to give 18. to hear 19. seen 20. animals
Ⅲ.21. To help 22. too, to 23. It is 24. Why do 25. Who has
Ⅳ.26-32: BACABBA
Ⅴ.33. before 34. like 35. small 36. different 37. But 38. walked 39. as 40. For 41. killed 42. slowly
Ⅵ.(A)43-47:TFFFT (B)48-52: BCACC
Unit2基础过关
Ⅰ.1. born 2. less 3. enough 4. symbol 5. situation 6. There 7. best 8. working 9. sure 10. on
Ⅱ .11. animals 12. to help 13. be 14. born 15. works 16. speaking 17. more 18. zoos 19. made 20. bigger
Ⅲ.21. as well as 22. more than 23. don’t have 24. look after 25. Does, need
Ⅳ.26-30: CCCCB
Ⅴ.31. tigers 32. meat 33. baby 34. them 35. best 36. white 37. for 38. horses 39. funny 40. down
Ⅵ.(A)41. weigh 42. join 43. lead 44. popular
(B)45. It can grow up to be 1.5 metres long and weigh up to 160 kilograms.
46. Because the giant panda is one of the most popular animals on Earth and people think of
them as furry and cute.
47.They are built to join panda reserves, which are places in the wild where pandas can live safely.
Unit3基础过关
Ⅰ.1. provide 2. pollute 3. air 4. oceans 5. humps 6. India 7. reserves 8. gone 9. make 10. grow
Ⅱ . 11. largest 12. first 13. to keep 14. used 15. endangered 16. left 17. be 18. better 19. to say 20. not to make
Ⅲ.21. Is, it 22. isn’t easy 23. No, isn’t 24. How many 25. To see
Ⅳ.26-30: ABAAC 31-35: BBCCB
Ⅴ. 36. as 37. however 38. photos 39. around 40. found 41. live 42. also 43. groups 44. wild 45. less
Ⅵ.46-49: ABCB
能力提升
Ⅰ.1. danger 2. cousin 3. peace 4. dirty 5. Nature 6. research 7. awful 8. designing 9. rare 10. symbol
Ⅱ .11. dangerous 12. surprised 13. mainly 14. fed 15. killing 16. difficulty 17. know 18. plans 19. are born 20. most
Ⅲ.21-25: BCCBC 26-30: CCACA
Ⅳ.31. To, is 32. It is 33. Using 34. Why is 35. Is, can
Ⅴ. (A)36-40:DEAFB 41-45:IGCHJ
(B)46-50:BEDCA
Ⅵ.51. such 52. to follow 53. few 54. catch 55. killing 56. because 57. example 58. To stop 59. More 60. buying
Ⅶ.(A) 61-65: CBACC
(B) 66-68: ACB 69. Pandas. 70. For an art lesson.
(C)71-75: TTTFT
( D)76. Polar 77. Brown 78. fruit 79. The Asiatic black bear 80. the west coast of South America
Module 10Unit1基础过关
Ⅰ.1. famous 2. teahouse 3. impossible 4. main 5. for 6. much 7. decide 8. Almost 9. happens 10. know
Ⅱ .11. to take 12. planned 13. see 14. to go 15. to be 16. more 17. impossible 18. especially 19. interesting 20. long
Ⅲ.21. enjoy yourselves 22. don’t know 23. someday/ sometime 24. want s, to 25. Would,
like/ Do, want
Ⅳ.26-30: ABCAB
Ⅴ.31.plays 32.little 33.until 34.back 35.biggest 36. as 37.full 38.bright 39. around 40.on
Ⅵ.(A)41. favourite 42. out 43. helping 44. dream
(B)45. No, he didn’t. 46. Because he likes parts where he can make people laugh.
Unit2基础过关
Ⅰ.1. wrote 2. audience 3. take 4. centre 5. goodbye 6. customers 7. during 8. love 9. opinion 10. from
Ⅱ.11. greatest 12. twentieth 13. beautifully 14. stopping 15. taught 16. tells 17. its 18. died 19. drinking 20. to teach
Ⅲ.21-25: ABBAC 26-30:CCCCB
Ⅳ.31. went on 32. happened 33. welcomed, warmly 34. for 35. boy’s name
Ⅴ.36. excited 37. think 38. strong 39. reach 40. most 41. tried 42. playing 43. hero
44. films 45. brought
Ⅵ.46-50: FTTFF
Unit3基础过关
Ⅰ.1. theatre 2. performance 3. actors 4. excellent 5. impossible 6. magic 7. take 8. audience 9. ancient 10. end
Ⅱ.11. Western 12. to watch 13. enjoyable 14. Chinese 15. offered 16. waiters 17. to
write 18. study 19. children 20. greatest
Ⅲ.21. happy/glad 22. Where does 23. wonderful 24. didn’t try 25. Did, offer
Ⅳ. 26-30: CCBBB
Ⅴ.31.most 32.play 33.loving 34.own 35.first 36.luck 37.but 38.learn 39. reading 40.success
Ⅵ.(A)41. like 42. at 43. under
(B)44. To live for ever. 45. The clouds in the sky. 46. He couldn’t move.
能力提升
Ⅰ.1.neighbourhood 2.offered 3.agreed 4.almost 5.silver 6.special 7.audience 8.Dynasty 9. Acrobatics 10. full
Ⅱ.11. whispering 12. customers 13. lost 14. masters 15. twentieth 16. to take 17.
impossible 18. lost 19. wonderful 20. to see
Ⅲ. 21-25:CBACA26—30: BBCBA
Ⅳ.(A)31-35: BEDHI 36-40:FAGJC
(B) 41-45:DEACB
Ⅴ.46-50:ACCBB 51-55:ACCBB
Ⅵ.(A)56-60: CDABE 61-65: TTFFF
(B) 66-70: BCACA
(C) 71-75: CBADE 76-80: FFTFF
Module 11 Unit 1 基础过关
I. 1. temperature 2. showers 3. snowstorm 4. degrees 5. forecast
6. freezing
7. joking
8. sure
9. best 10. Festival
11. shopping 12. freezing 13. gone 14. to take 15. left
II. 16---20: ABAAC 21---25: CBACB
III. 26.How is 27.be sunny
28.What will the weather be like tonight? 或How will the weather be tonight?
29.Will it be rainy? No, it won’t. 30. What are you going
IV. 31---35: CAEDB
V. 36. cold 37. windy / wet 38. temperature 39. sunny 40. rainy
VI. 41---45: BBBBA
VII. 46.It may rain tomorrow. / There may be rain tomorrow. / It may be rainy tomorrow.
47. What will the weather be like this weekend?或How will the weather be this weekend?
48. It’s always very cold in Heilongjiang in winter.
49. It will / may be even colder tonight.
50. When is the best time to visit Daqing?
Unit 2 基础过关
I. 1. country 2. around 3. pleasant 4. camera 5. compared
6.be / get / become
7. in
8. umbrella
9. swimsuit 10. snowy
11. leaves 12. to arrive 13. to see 14. best 15. changes
II. 16---20: BACBC
III. 21. It won’t 22. What is 23. What will…be like 24. When does 25. How long IV. 26---30: DABEC
31. weather 32. like 33. will 34. stop 35. snow 36. wind 37. about 38. green V. 39. compared 40. cool 41. may 42. time 43. weather 44. lot 45. snow
VI. 46---50: BABBA
VII.51. There are over / more than two weeks of darkness in th northern part of Canada.
52. Tree leaves turn yellow or orange in fall / autumn.
53. I think Daqing is a very clean city, compared to many other cities.
54. The weather may / might be warmer in the morning than that in the afternoon.
55. We will / can find the way to the Science Museum with a good map.
Unit 3 基础过关
I. 1. sunny 2. raincoat 3. October 4. railcard 5. southeast
6. stormy
7. windy
8. possible
9. pleasant 10. shone / shined
11. may 12. possible 13. probably 14. possible 15. probably
II. 16---20: BACAA21---25: CBBCC
III. 26. How much rain 27. How long has 28. very rainy, much rain
29. stronger wind, be windier 30. may not be
IV. 31---35: DCGBA36---38: EFH
V. 39---40: AB 41---45: CBACA
VI. 46. It is a mountain chain.
47. It is in the South America.
48. Y es, it is.
49. It’s the name of a country.
50. American Indian people.
能力提升
I. 1. temperature 2. Atlantic 3. probably / possibly 4. because 5. from
6. so
7. to
8. better
9. autumn / fall 10. shining
II. 11---15: BCAAA16---20: BAABC 21---25: CAACB
III. 26. leaving for / going to 27. What---be like 28. They sometimes
29. What will 30. What’s the weather like / How is the weather
IV. 31---35: BEACD
V. 36---40: BCABA41---45: CABCA
VI. 46---50: FTFTT
51. Ottawa.
52. The (92-metre-high) Peace Tower.
53. Y es, there is. It’s Winter Carnival.
54. Summer.
55. Y es. They are English and French.
Module 12Unit 1 基础过关
I. 1. Traditions 2. bad luck 3. chatting 4. chopsticks 5. chess
6. chat
7. chopsticks
8. soap
9. hang 10. accept
11. is wrapping 12. lucky 13. broken 14. chatting 15. hung
II. 16---20: BACAA21---25: ABCBC
III. 26. Must I use both hands? Y es, you must.
27. What must I do at home every day?
28. No, you can’t.
29. Y ou can’t talk with food in your mouth.
30. What must I eat at Spring Festival?
IV. 31---35: CCABB 36---40: BABCC
V. 41---45: ABACA
VI. 46. Every / Each country has very strange traditions.
47. When must I open the box?
48. Must I use both hands?
49. In the USA, you must open it immediatelly when someone gives you a present.
50. Red is a lucky colour in China.
Unit 2 基础过关
I. 1. stay 2. shake 3. around 4. wedding 5. throws
6. party
7. loudly
8. married
9. mobile 10. greeted
11. can’t 12. must 13. can’t, must 14. must 15. can’t
II. 16---20: CAACC 21---25: ABBCC
III. 26. Y ou mustn’t 27. Who must 28. No…can’t 29. What must 30. What mustn’t IV. 31---35: FFFTT
36. customs 37. fun 38. right 39. arms 40. parents
41. money 42. presents 43. breakfast 44. video 45. time
V. 46. Y ou can’t / mustn’t talk loudly in buses.
47. One day we visited our friends and had tea.
48. Y ou must pour the tea first, then the milk.
49. A British wedding is quite different from a Chinese one.
或A British wedding and a Chinese wedding are quite different.
50. Y ou don’t often hear people shouting in the street.
Unit 3 基础过关
I. 1. pavement 2. waste 3. passport 4. wash 5. catching
6. threw
7. smoked
8. immediately
9. sung 10. caught 11. must 12. must 13.mustn’t 14. must 15. mustn’t II. 16---20: BCACB 21---25: ACCAA
III. 26. What mustn’t you do?
27. Don’t talk in class.
28.What couldn’t the little girl wait to do?
29. Y ou mustn’t wear your uniform every day.
30. No, you needn’t.
IV. 31.Chinese 32. proud 33. best 34. chopsticks 35. plate
36. leave 37. difference 38. knives 39. table 40. polite.
V. 41. No, they aren’t. 42. No, they don’t. 43. Fingers
44. Because they are / live far away from the sea. 45. Y es, it is.
VI. 46. Y ou must listen to the teacher carefully in class.
47.Chinese people use chopsticks to eat noodles.
48.Y ou mustn’t / can’t drive a car before you are eighteen.
49.Y ou must finish your homework on time.
50.I must go (back) home before nine o’clock in the evening.
能力提升
I. 1. mobile 2. smoke 3. soap 4. body 5. chatting
6. watching
7. truly
8. pleasant
9. thrown 10. noisy
II. 11---15: CAABC 16---20: CCBAC 21---25: CBBBA
III. 26---30: a e b c d
31.cleaning the house
32. decorate the Christmas tree
33. cooks a Christmas cake
34. put the stockings
35. open the presents
IV. 36. must 37. can 38. mustn’t 39. must 40. can
V. 41---45: BCBCA 46---50: FFTFT
期中试卷答案
听力部分（20分）
一、1—5 ABAAB 二、6—10 BCACA 三、11—15 BABAB 四、16—20 BCCAB
五、21.Thank 22.invitation 23.piano 24.concert 25.free
六、26-30 BADBA 31-35 BBDCB 36-40 ACBBC 七、41-45 ACDDD 46-50 ABDCA
八、51.studied 52.important 53.radio 54.them 55.remember 56.dictionary 57.different
58.interesting 59.also 60. people
九、(A)61-65 FFTFT (B) 66-70 BDCBA
(C) 71.made,mice 72.because,from 73.make,sound 74.fingers,strange 75.star,All
十、76.to tell 77.broken 78.was raining 79.came 80.not to go
十一、81.proud 82.improve 83.Project 84.tired 85.countryside
十二、86.No,haven’t 87.How long,has 88.was playing 89.have,they 90.Has,yet
十三、91-95 BFDGC
十四、范文：
Joyce,
How are you? My name is Fang Fang. I’m a middle school student. I’m living in Chongqing now.I like collecting stamps.After school,I often play football or do some other sports.What’s more,I like English very much and I can sing a few English songs.By the way ,
Some of my classmates want to have their pen friends,too.Can you help us?
I haven’t been to any foreign countries yet,so I hope I’ll visit your country soon.
科技报告中情态资源评价理论分析 张金云1 ,王 晓 2 (1.燕山大学继续教育学院,秦皇岛 066004;2.华北电力大学外国语学院,北京 102206) 摘 要:科技报告的语言、语境参数等都体现着人际功能意义。本文着眼于科技报告中的情态资源,运用评价理论进行具体的分析,表明科技报告中情态资源大量使用,并阐明了情态资源表达着人际情感意义,负载着人的态度,体现着作者与读者之间的一致性或权势观,传达着一种作者与读者之间的协商。 关键词:科技报告;情态资源;评价理论分析 中图分类号:H315 文献标识码:A 文章编号:100822603(2008)0520112204 收稿日期:2008208225 作者简介:张金云,男,燕山大学继续教育学院讲师;王晓,女,华北电力大学外国语学院助教。 Appraisal Analysis of Modality R esources in Scienti fic R eports ZH ANGJin 2yun 1 ,W ANG X iao 2 (11School of C ontinuous Education ,Y anshan Univ.,Qinhuangdao ,066004,China ;21School of F oreign Languages ,N orth China E lectric P ower University ,Beijing ,102206,China )Abstract :The language ,context ,and other parameters of scientific reports ,all embody the interpers onal meaning.This paper focuses on m odality res ources in scientific reports and uses Appraisal Theory in the specific analysis to show that m odality res ources appear a lot in scientific reports ,and that m odality res ources convey the interpers onal meaning ,and they are attitude 2loaded ,embody the s olidarity or power relationship between the writer and the reader and inv olve the neg otiation between the writer and the reader. K ey w ords :scientific reports ;m odality res ources ;appraisal theory analysis 科技报告是属于科技英语范畴的一种重要的应用文。无论是实验报告、研究报告、可行性报告、进展报告、还是提议等,它们的语言都应当体现科技英语的语言特点。比如,人们常提到的科技语篇中情态动词的使用就很突出。科技报告也是如此。 一、系统功能语言学的情态概念 情态(M odality )指的是一系列的情态动词,如can , should ,must ,may ,ought 等,也包含其它表明情态的词 语,如certain ,probable ,possible 等。情态是体现人际功能(Interpers onal Function )的一个重要范畴。人际功能表明人们如何用语言来实现彼此的理解并建立人际关系,表明在社会生活中如何用语言来影响别人的行为,或如何用语言来表达个人的观点或对事物做出评价。情态理所当 然地包含有态度意义。情态表明作者的陈述是一个直接的事实还是表达有个人情感,是一个想做的动作还是出于义务而去做的动作。韩理德(Halliday )认为相对于要求或提供信息的事实(giving Πdemanding in formation )来讲,情态指的是表明可能性(probability )和经常性(usuality )的情态化(M odalization );而相对于要求或提供商品或服务(giving Πdemanding g oods and services )的动作来讲,情态指的是表明义务(obligation )和兴趣(inclination )的意态化(M odulation )。因此情态是作者对可能性和义务的判断。陈述或命题也因为表述的是否具有可能性或是否愿意而具有可争论性,也就引入了作者的态度和他与读者间的协商。 情态的值(表达情态的词语)可以从低到高分级排列,而这种分级表明的是语言使用者介入协商的强度。 第5期2008年10月 华北电力大学学报(社会科学版) Journal of North China E lectric Power University (Social Science s ) N o.5October 2008
2009出版修订答案 参考答案 第十一章第一节 基础过关 1.气态液态固态相互转化 2.汽化蒸发沸腾 3.熔化晶体非晶体 4.晶体有熔点而非晶体没有铜 5.蒸发渗漏 6.油的沸点比水高 7.晶体0℃ 8.（1）330℃（2）3（3）4（4）380℃（5） AB CD 固液共存 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. D 13. D 14.C15. D 能力提升 16. D 17. B 18. D 19.（1）1064℃（2）固液（3）1515℃（4）不能用（5）能用低 20.冰（晶体）在熔化时不断吸热，但温度不变。21.（1）69（2）晶体凝固时8到12分钟的时间段物体温度不变。22.钨的熔点非常高23.（1）4（2）99 24.（1）B A （2）17（3）98 不变（4）略（5）水少一些、水的初始温度高一些或给烧杯加盖等（合理即可）25.不会因为水沸腾时温度不变，在标准大气压下，水的沸点是100℃，所以水沸腾是温度达不到103℃，它不会自动“跳闸”。26.是因为冰受热不均匀，试管壁的冰的温度比内部的温度高，先达到熔点而先熔化，所以会出现此现象。把试管插到烧杯的水中，给水加热，并不断的搅拌冰使其受热均匀。 第二节 基础过关 1.熔化汽化升华冰化成水湿衣服变干卫生球变小 2.吸热且达到熔点 3. 吸热且达到沸点 4.蒸发和沸腾 5.液体的表面积；液体表面的空气流动速度；液体的温度。 6.沸腾吸 7.水蒸发吸热汗液蒸发吸热 8.加快吸热 9.表面积温度空气流速10.晶体 4 固液共存不变吸11.吸收气12.C 13.C 14.D 15.B 能力提升 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.B 26.D 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.A ①晶体熔化时温度不变；②晶体熔化时不断吸热。（合理即可）。 图象B获得的信息：非晶体熔化时吸热，但没有固定的熔化温度． 31.杀虫剂喷出时，是从液态迅速地变为气态，是汽化现象，汽化时吸收大量的热，会使金属罐温度降低而变凉。 32.因为这种材料熔化和汽化时都要从火箭头部吸收大量的热，会降低火箭头部的温度，而不致使火箭烧坏。 第三节基础过关 l．D 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．汽化液化7．(1)凝固(2)液化(3)熔化(4)液化8．A 9．C 10．B 11．C 12.D 能力提升 13．D 14．B15．A16．(1)69℃(2)是因为在8一14min的冷却过程中，放出热量，而温度保持不变，符合晶体凝固的特点(3)凝固前散热快，凝固后散热慢(或温度高时散热快，反之则慢)17．当温度升高时，该材料吸热熔化，使室内温度不致上升太高或太快；当温度
全国农作物秸秆资源调查与评价报告篇一：农作物秸秆资源调查与评价报告 农作物秸秆资源调查与评价报告二〇〇九年八月十四日目录 1. 前言调查与评价的目的和意义．调查任务承担单位调查区域调查时间 2. 调查区域的自然环境和社会经济特征基本情况经济发展状况种植业发展状况畜牧业发展状况交通运输状况 3. 调查过程 4. 样品采集分析和数据处理方法草谷比的测定 收集系数的测定可利用系数 5. 秸秆资源量评价 理论资源量可收集资源量可利用资源量 秸秆资源评价 6. 秸秆经济性评价 7. 秸秆资源未来发展趋势预测 8. 不确定性分析 9. 结论和建议结论建议 1. 前言调查与评价的目的和意义根据农业行业标准《农作物秸秆资源调查与评价技术规范》，对**省农作物秸秆进行深入系统地调查与评价，获得**省主要农作物（水稻、玉米、油菜、小麦）秸秆资源总量、分布、利用途径等情况，对**省农作物秸秆资源进行全面、科学的评价，
以指导**省农作物秸秆的开发利用工作，为**省开展秸秆资源综合利用提供基础信息，同时为制定秸秆综合利用规划提供可靠依据。 篇二：农业部全国农作物秸秆资源调查与评价工作方案 全国农作物秸秆资源调查与评价工作方案 为落实国务院办公厅关于开展秸秆资源调查的意见，加快推进秸秆综合利用，实现秸秆的资源化、商品化，促进资源节约、环境保护和农民增收，特制定全国农作秸秆资源调查与评价工作方案如下： 一、调查与评价工作目标 通过调查稻谷、小麦、玉米、薯类、油料和棉花等农作物秸秆资源的产量、分布、收集方式和利用途径等，对秸秆资源进行全面、科学的评价，摸清我国作物秸秆资源状况，并分析未来发展趋势，为开展秸秆综合利用和农业资源总体评价工作提供基础信息，同时为制定各级秸秆综合利用专项规划和秸秆利用项目评估提供依据。 二、调查对象和内容 （一）调查对象 本次调查以县为单位进行，逐级汇总。主要调查与评价稻谷、小麦、玉米、薯类、油料和棉花等大宗农作物以及被调查区域的优势农作物品种。 （二）调查与评价内容
旅游资源评价 一、旅游资源及其评价概念 旅游资源：能够吸引顾客产生旅游动机，具有一定旅游功能和价值，可被利用来开展各种旅游活动，并能产生各种经济、社会和环境效益的各种自然、人文客体或其他因素。 旅游资源评价：基于开发旅游的目的，依据旅游资源的分类标准和统一的评价体系对旅游资源单体本身进行的评价，从而确定开发的机会与约束。 二、旅游资源评价目的 （1）、确定该旅游资源在一定区域范围内的价值和地位 （2）、为新旅游区的开发计划提供依据 （3）、为已开发和部分开发的老旅游区提供改造、扩大的依据 （4）、为国家和地区进行分级规划和管理提供资料和判断的标准 （5）、有助于明确旅游地的性质，拟定未来旅游资源结构和开发 三、旅游资源评价方法 旅游资源评价是一项极其复杂而重要的工作，由于评价的目的、资源的赋存条件、开发导向等不同，可采用不同的评价方法，大体可分为定性评价和定量评价两大类，在具体应用时则根据情况采用定性与定量评价相结合的方法比较理想。 1、定性评价 定性评价法使用广泛，形式多样，内容丰富，是在旅游资源调查的基础上，根据调查者的印象所做的主观评价，多采用定性描述的方法，评价的结果主要与评价者的经验与水平有关，因此也叫做经验评价法。 该方法简单易行，对数据资料和精确度要求不高，但不可避免地存在结论的非精确性和推理过程的相对不确定性。 定性评价法主要有“三三六”评价法和“六字七标准”评价法 （1）卢云亭的三三六评价方法 “三大价值”指旅游资源的历史文化价值、艺术观赏价值、科学考察价值。 “三大效益”指旅游资源开发之后的经济效益、社会效益、环境效益。 “六大开发条件”指旅游资源所在地的地理位置和交通条件、景象地域组合条件、旅游环境容量、旅游客源市场、投资能力、施工难易程度等六个方面。 （2）“六”字“七”标准 六字：指美、古、名、特、奇、用。美是指旅游资源给人的美感；古为有悠久的历史；名是具有名声或与名人有关的事物;特指特有的、别处没有的或少见的稀缺资源；奇表示给人新奇之感;用是有应用价值。 七项标准：指对旅游资源所处环境，采用季节性、环境污染状况、与其他旅游资源之间的联系性、可进入性、基础结构、社会经济环境、客源市场等七个方面进行评价。 2 定量评价法 根据一定的评价标准和评价模型，以全面系统的方法，将有关旅游资源的各评价因子予以量化，使其结果具有可比性。 较之定性评价，结果更直观准确。但是定量评价难以动态的反映旅游资源的变化，对一些无法量化的因素难以表达，且评价过程较为复杂。主要有以下几种方法： （1）单途径单因子评价法：选用某个评价途径的某个指标进行评价的方法即为单途径单因子评价法，这种方法一般多见于对自然旅游资源的评价，特别是对于开展专项旅游活动的评价，如登山、滑雪等尤为适用。 比较有影响的旅游要素的单途径单因子有日本洛克计划研究所的地形适宜性评价;乔
《资源与评价》地理七年级下册答案 第六单元我们生活的大洲——亚洲 【基础过关】 一、选择题 1．A 2．C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9.B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 二、填空 1．东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚、中亚、北亚 2．东、北 3．亚欧大陆、太平洋、印度洋、北冰洋、白令海峡、苏伊士运河 三、思维竞技场 贝加尔湖死海里海阿拉伯半岛青藏高原印度尼西亚 【能力提升】 一、 1．(1)①热带季风气候②亚热带季风气候③温带季风气候④热带雨林气候⑤热带和亚热带沙漠气候⑥高山气候⑦温带大陆性气候⑧寒带气候 (2)复杂多样季风大陆性 (3) 东南水汽降水 (4) 面临太平洋和印度洋，背靠世界最大的亚欧大陆，海陆的热力差异显著，从而形成世界上最 典型的季风气候区 2. 热带沙漠气候热带季风气候亚热带季风气候、热带季风气候亚热带季风气候温带季风气候 3．海拔高 二、1．略 2. 西西南东南东；乌拉尔山乌拉尔河高加索山；苏伊士运河；白令海峡 【拓展延伸】 一、1．D 2. D 3. C 4.北回归线北极圈温带 5.太平洋北冰洋印度洋 6.长江三 二、1．西亚大部分属热带沙漠气候，降水很少，有的地方甚至几年滴雨未降。 南亚以热带季风气候为主，夏季高温多雨，受季风的影响，降水量极不稳定，有的年份多，有的年份少，水旱灾害频繁。 2．冲毁工厂、农田、道路和房屋，工农业生产和交通陷入瘫痪……。不是，可以蓄水发电 第二节人文环境 一、选择1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5. C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9. C 10. C 二、填空题1.61 36.6 2.资源和环境 3.水土和土地 4.休耕肥力 5.1000 一半 6.音乐舞蹈文化艺术风格 7.自然民族 8.发展中 9.波斯湾石油 三、1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5. F 6. T 7.F 8. T 9. F 10. T 四、①Bb ②Aa ③Dc ④Cd 【能力提升】
省矿产资源潜力评价 ——遥感异常提取 1.省主要成矿区（带）成矿地质特征及矿床成矿谱系 综合了全国各类地质资料和现有地质成矿理论认识的基础上，对全国用五分法（袁孚、朱裕生，1980，1981；毓川、朱裕生，1999）做了统一划分。其中省的情况是这样的。 省所属滨太平洋成矿域，下扬子成矿省和华南成矿省，长江中下游中生代铜金铁铅锌硫成矿带、江南地块中生代铜钼金银铅锌成矿带、浙闽沿海中生代非金属铅锌银成矿带、湾-武夷山北段古生代、中生代铅锌银钨锡稀土稀有矿床成矿带。 下扬子成矿省是显生宇地层发育的成矿省，其次是中元古代地层出露较广，它是古元古代以后地壳连续活动的成矿省。华南成矿省是新太古代以后连续活动，其活动又逐步增加的成矿省，其中在泥盆纪（地层占15.27%）和侏罗纪地层（16.46%）两时代出露的地层最多，其次是寒武系（8.23%）、白垩系（11.21%）、石炭系（7.24%）三个时代。所以它是晚古生代和中生代活动强烈的成矿省。 下扬子成矿省主要超值元素组合：Fe2O3、Cu；Pb、Zn、Ag、Cd；Au、As、Hg、Sb；W、Sn、Bi；Ti、V、Cr、Co；Li、La、Y、Nb、Zr；SiO2、Al2O3、Zr、Ba、Sr；F八组。成矿省已知矿床有236处（生192，外生40，变质4），矿床类型有18类，主要类型有接触交代型67处（以铁铜矿床为主，占全国同类矿床的20.68%，居全国之首）、热液型59处、陆相火山岩型40处（玢岩铁矿、占全国同类矿床的23.95%，属全国之首）、斑岩型13处、热液（水）型13处，其他各类较少。由此可知，五组超值元素组合与产出矿床的事实较接近，且接触交代型矿床（以Fe、Cu为主）和陆相火山岩型（以玢岩铁矿床为主）居全国同类矿床之首。 华南成矿省是我国有色、贵金属、稀有稀土矿床最丰富的成矿省之一，地质工作程度很高，地球化学元素的丰度值也高，超值元素的组合有：W、Sn、Mo、Bi；（Cu）、Pb、Zn、Ag、Cd；Au、As、Hg、Sb；La、Li、Be、Nb、Y、Zr；U、Th；SiO2、Al2O3；B、F；Ti七组，其中的SiO2、Al2O3组合反映了地壳的酸度较高。其中的Pb、Au、W、Sn、Bi、La、Be、Nb、U、Th、Zr、Al2O3等12种元素是全国是最高的。成矿省已勘查的矿床497处（生322，外生153，变质22），位于华北陆块成矿省之后，居全国第二。其有18种矿床类型，主成因类型是热液型（以钨锡矿床为主，185处，占全国同类矿床的26.97%，位于全国之首），花岗岩型矿床16处，占全国同类矿床的64%，位于全国之首。涉及的矿种有W、Sn、Mo、Bi、U、Th、Au、As、Hg、Sb及Y、La、Li、Be等矿种和地球化学组合。已知矿床的特征和地球化学超值元素的组合相互印证了区域成矿作用的成矿机制、证明地球化学元素在矿产勘查中的作用。 省有7个勘查靶区。勘查靶区的具体名称和包含的矿种如下。①皖浙天目山-宁国Sn Cu Ag W萤石勘查靶区；②西天目山-石耳山Ag W Sn萤石勘查靶区；③永康西溪-Pb Zn Ag Cu 萤石勘查靶区；④松阳靖居口Cu Pb Zn Au勘查靶区；⑤青田温溪Au、明矾石、叶蜡石勘查靶区；⑥文成明矾石叶蜡石萤石勘查靶区；⑦开化白沙关-玉京峰Cu Ag W Sn勘查靶区。 2.省矿产资源概述 矿产资源以非金属矿产为主。石煤、明矾石、叶蜡石、水泥用凝灰岩、建筑用凝灰岩等储量居全国首位，萤石居全国第2位。东海大陆架盆地有着良好的石油和天然气开发前景。 全省已发现的矿产113种，其中已查明资源储量、并列入省矿产资源储量表的矿种69种，包括能源矿产4种：煤、石煤、放射性铀矿及浅层天然气。金属矿产(含稀散元素)23种：铁、钛、钒、铜、铅、锌、镍、钴、钨、锡、铋、钼、汞、锑、金、银、铌、铍、镓、铟、镉、钪、硒。非金属矿产42种：普通萤石、熔剂灰岩、冶金白云岩、耐火粘土、硫铁
小学数学四年级上《资源与评价》参考答案 一认识更大的数 数一数 能力提升 ⒋4800000 24000000 ⒍1、10…… (答案不唯一) 人口普查 能力提升 ⒌⑴6666000⑵6066600(答案不唯一) ⑶60660600(答案不唯一)⑷6060606。 ⒍682或341 国土面积 能力提升 ⒋71万106万
⒌5亿45亿⒍7500401 近似数 能力提升 ⒍×√×√√ ⒏504999 495000 单元检测 轻松演练 ⒉√√××√⒊C B C B D C 二线与角 线的认识 轻松演练 ⒊⑴直线直线AB⑵射线射线CD⑶线段线段EF 聚沙成塔 ⒌6条 平移与平行
⒊××√√ ⒎4组 相交与垂直 轻松演练 ⒊√×√√ 旋转与角 轻松演练 ⒊BBCB ⒌⑴3 ⑵3 角的度量 轻松演练 ⒉×√×× 聚沙成塔 ⒎35° 90° 55° 35°画角
⒈女孩说的对。 走进大自然 轻松演练 ⒈⑴一百一十三万五千四百二十七百万⑶43721 4万单元检测 ⒉√√××√ ⒊CBABB ⒐90°45°90°45°45°135°180° 三乘法 卫星运行时间 轻松演练 ⒈⑴9900 ⑵4 能力提升 ⒋⑴4176元⑵4740元 聚沙成塔
⒍60×96=5760（元）110×45+（60-45）×90=6300元。6300元﹥5760元，赢利。 体育场 轻松演练 ⒉⑴590 120 1300 1900 ⑶3 4 4 8 8 6 ⒌⑴√⑵×⑶×⑷× 能力提升 ⒍160个。 ⒎⑴1400本⑵2800本⒏2200元2034元 聚沙成塔 ⒐12000个 神奇的计算工具 能力提升 ⒍36000万次 ⒎1620元3808元总计：伍仟肆佰贰拾捌元 探索与发现㈠
网络信息资源评价方法及指标的研究综述 高晓越（中南大学湘雅医学院医药信息系） 摘要 现在是一个网络信息大爆炸的时代，但不是全部的信息都对网络用户是有价值的，本论文就网络信息资源评价的必要性，评价的主体，评价方法及评价指标进行了研究，其中也包括了国外对这方面的研究现状。最后阐述了目前网络信息资源评价指标不完善的现状及改进建议。 关键词 网络信息资源；评价方法；评价指标 ABSTRACT It is a network era of information explosion, but not all of the information is valuable to network users, the paper on the need for evaluation of network information resources, evaluation of the subject, evaluation methods and evaluation indicators were studied, which also Including the status of foreign research in this area. Finally, describing current status of network information resources, inadequate evaluation and recommendations for improvement. KEY WORDS Information Resources ；method of Evaluation ；index of evaluation 1 网络信息资源评价的必要性[1,2,3] 1.1网络信息内容的庞杂 因特网是一个包含众多信息格式、众多信息内容的信息混合体,当前社会，任何人都可以轻易地在网上发布信息，据估计互联网每天发布的信息超过700NB，但互联网改变了传统信息发布和评价的程序，缺少了编辑、审核后再出版这一质量控制环节，用户利用网络的主要目的是找到自己所需要的资源，但由于信息发布的开放性，随意性，大量垃圾信息和对用户无用的信息也在快速增长，使得信息过载现象严重。 1.2搜索引擎的不足 尽管网络搜索引擎给用户查找信息提供了一定帮助，但搜索引擎不能鉴别网络信息资源的质量高低，其输出的检索结果一般只以与检索词的相关性大小排序，并不按照信息资源的相关质量标准排序，因此并不能全面改善网络信息的无
苏教版五年级上册参考答案 1.师恩难忘 一、牵挂歇脚炊烟惊醒恍然大悟身临其境滋润 二、1、身临其境 2、引人入胜记忆犹新 3、十年树木，百年树人 三、1、对小学一年级时一位教学有方的田老师的回忆 对老师的尊敬和感激之情。 2、文中的我难忘儿时的老师，老师课堂上的所言所行已经深深地印入一个孩子的脑海中，在我的心中播种下希望。 作者对老师满怀尊敬和感激之情。 四、1、犀利养育；生长严厉 2、文中的老师为什么眼眶湿润？因为老师看见她学生的作文，觉得很感动。 3、老芭蕉比喻女教师，小芭蕉比喻学生。 4、老师默默奉献的精神。 5、啊，老师，您真伟大！您教给我们这么多的知识，却不图回报，您是多么伟大呀！ 2.陶校长的演讲 一、源泉道德值勤否则集体鼓励即使堡垒 二、练习锻炼厉害激励保护堡垒方便鞭子 否则假若得意品德拔河拨动即使既然 三、1、即使……也……即使你是对的，也不应该这样对待她。 2、既要……也要……我们既要看到自己的长处，也要看到自己的短处。 3、虽然……却……虽然我们失败了，却能从中吸取教训。 四、1、身体健康、学问进修、工作效能、道德品格 2、教育是立国之本。 五、1、学习让视野更开阔，让思维更敏捷，让心灵更充实。 2、勤劳，笨拙，痛苦，优越 3、一靠积累，二靠思考。我们要积累生字、词、句子，用于以后的写作，思考自己从学习中得到了什么。 3.古诗两首 一、1、不知道在何处。他就在这座山中，但是云雾绕山，不知他具体在何处。 2、想要。他听见有蝉在叫就想去捉住这只会叫的蝉，可他想去捉的时候蝉却不叫了。 二、1、唐贾岛乘兴败兴高洁仰慕 2、清袁枚田园风光活泼机灵、天真可爱歌声振林樾闭口立意欲捕鸣蝉鸣蝉 三、1、二月春风似剪刀。 2、一枝红杏出墙来。 3、两岸青山相对出 4、黑发不知勤学早。 5、柳暗花明又一村。 6、西出阳关无故人。 四、牧童 草铺横野六七里，笛弄晚风三四声。归来饱饭黄昏后，不脱蓑衣卧月明。 舟过安仁 一叶渔船两小童，收篙停棹坐船中。怪生无雨都张伞，不是遮头是使风。 五、1、三月黄鹤楼扬州 2、故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州。 3、孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流。 4、孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流。 5、李白为朋友孟浩然送别时的动人情景，通过刻画眼前景物，抒发了对孟浩然真挚的情意。 第一单元检测 一、鞭策承担锻炼娓娓动听激励恍如滋润身临其境 二、树义尘袖草多毛全 三、1、万紫千红湖光山色山明水秀青山绿水 2、刚正不阿威武不屈百折不挠高风亮节 3、鸟语花香闭月羞花妙笔生花花好月圆 四、1、引人入胜娓娓动听身临其境十年树木，百年树人 2、即使……也……既要……也要…… 五、1、因为……所以…… 2、黄山被轻纱似的薄雾笼罩着。 3、删掉“和花生米”。 六、风儿在哪里？你不知道，我不知道。你看，裙角轻轻地飘动，风儿已从那里走过。风儿在哪里？你不知道，我不 知道。你看，花儿轻轻地舞动，风儿已从那里走过。 七、1、兴高采烈欢天喜地斗志昂扬 2、田老师。他对学生的那种无私的爱。 3、《寻隐者不遇》松下问童子，言师采药去。只在此山中，云深不知处。 八、你好，请问我想去大象馆该怎么走？谢谢。你能给我一张导游图吗？谢谢。 九、1、《师恩难忘》刘绍棠《老师领进门》 2、工工整整整整齐齐 3、恭恭敬敬行礼教诲之恩。 4、十年的时间可以培育一棵树木，一百年的时间才可以培育一个人才。比喻培养人才很不容易。 十、1、聪明伤害笨拙赞赏 2、没有。你太贪玩了，你在学习上还不够勤奋，和别人比起来还不够努力，你还不够聪明。 3、“我和母亲坐在沙滩上……真正能飞越大海横过大洋的还是它们。”如果两个人一样努力的话，除去运气因素，
数学资源与评价 八年级上册 第一章勾股定理 1 探索勾股定理（1） 1．a2＋b2＝c2；平方和等于斜边的平方2．13 3．①10 ②8 ③9 ④9 4．6；8 5．150m 6．5cm 7．12 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．AB＝320m 12．AD＝12cm；S△ABC＝30 cm2 13．△ABC的周长为42或32．14．直角三角形的三边长分别为3、4、5 15．15米． 聚沙成塔：提示，秋千的索长为x尺（一步＝4尺），x2－（x－4）2 解得：x ＝6 1 探索勾股定理（2） 1．5或cm 2．36 cm2 3．370 4．A2＋B2＝C2 5．49 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．（1）15；（2）40；（3）10 14．AB＝17；CD＝15．210 m2 16．不是；应滑约0.08米17．直角三角形的三边分别为6、8、10 18．CD＝4 1 探索勾股定理（3） 1．10 2．12 3．cm 4．15cm 5．64 6．3cm 7．8．B 9．B 10．D 11．10m 12．AC＝3 13．PP′2＝72 14．2 15．当△ABC是锐角三角形时a2 ＋b2＞c2；当△ABC是钝角三角形时a2＋b2＜c2 聚沙成塔：（1）小正方形的面积为1；（2）提示：分割成四个直角三角形和两个小长方形 2 能得到直角三角形吗 1．直角三角形；9k ＋16k ＝25k 2．8或2 3．4、8 4．直角5．m＝2 6．直角、90°7．直角8．C 9．A 10．四边形地ABCD的面积为36 cm 11．S△ABC＝6 cm 12．10天13．3 ＋4 ＝5 ，应用勾股定理逆定理得直角三角形14．（1）是．提示：（30×30）＋（40×30）＝（50×30）；（30×30）＋（40×30）＝1500 ；（2）分钟 15．是．提示：∵BD＝AD＝DC，CD⊥AB ∴∠A＝∠B＝45°＝∠BCD＝∠ACD ∴BC＝AC ∠BCA＝90° 3 蚂蚁怎样走最近 1．84 cm2 2．25km 3．13 4．5．4 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．12米10．提示：设长为m，宽为m，根据题意，得∴11．提示：过为⊥于，∵＝＝3cm，＝8cm ＝5m ∴＝＝12m ∴＝＝＝13m ∴最短距离为13m．12．提示：设＝km ＝km ∵＝且＝＝∴＝∴∴E点应建在离A站10km处 13．提示：能通过，∵＝2cm ∴＝＝＝1cm ∵2.3m＋1m＝3.3m ∴3.3m ＞2.5m 且2m＞1.6m；∵＝－＝0.8m ＝－＝0.2m ∴＝m＜1m ∴能通过． 14．提示：过作⊥于，∴＝2＋6＝8km，＝8－（3－1）＝6km ∴ 单元综合评价 一、1．（1）4 （2）60 （3）162 2．6，8，10 3．17cm 4．4.8，6和8
第四章资源评价原理与方法 第一节资源评价的概念及其分类 一、资源评价的概念 1.资源评价：是根据资源类别、属性、形成原理和形成条件以及时空分布规律，从科学角度对其存在、数量、质量和可使用情况进行客观评述和估价。 2.自然资源评价：就是按照一定的评价原则或依据，对一个国家或地域的自然资源的数量、质量、地域组合、空间分布、开发利用、治理保护等进行定量或定性的评定和估价。 二、资源评价的分类 （一）资源评价分类方法 1.根据评价对象，自然资源评价可以区分为单项自然资源评价和自然资源综合评价。 2.根据评价侧重，自然资源又可以区分为以自然属性评价为主的自然资源质量评价和以经济属性评价为主的自然资源经济评价。 3.根据评价的特定目的，可分为自然资源开发利用评价、自然资源保护改造评价等。 （二）资源评价分类实例 1.土地资源评价分类：潜力评价、适宜性评价、经济评价 1）土地潜力评价 土地潜力评价（或称土地利用能力）评价，是指土地在用于农林牧业生产或其他用途方面的潜在生产能力。它主要是依据土地的自然特性及其对某种持久利用方式的适宜程度或限制程度，以及由此表现出来的潜在生产力所进行的土地质量等级之评定与划分，故它又被称为土地潜力分级。 由于土地潜在生产能力与光、温、水、土及其他自然因素有关，尤其是气候与土壤两者乃是影响土地生态系统能量流动、养
分循环的主要环境因子，所以是气候与土壤两者乃是影响土地生态系统能量流动、养分循环的主要环境因子，所以有以气候要素为主的潜力评价和以土壤要素为主的潜力评价以及将气候、土壤两者结合的潜力评价等三种。 2）土地适宜性评价 土地适宜性评价则针对一定的土地利用方式。土地利用方式的分类有不同的层次，高层类型如农业、林业、牧业、工业、交通、国防、城市、旅游等用地，底层类型如小麦、杉木、茶叶、果园、居住与机场等用地。土地适宜性评价就是根据一定的标准，确定土地对一定用途适宜与否以及适宜程度高低。根据土地适宜性评价分类中是否用量化的标准可将土地适宜性分为两类。 ①定性土地适宜性分类。 ②定量土地适宜性分类。 3）土地经济评价 土地经济评价是运用经济指标对土地质量进行评定，即对土地进行投入和产出分析，并由此来决定土地的适宜程度性类型及其适宜程度。其实质在于表现不同的自然条件与经济条件下，不同质量土地的生产耗费量与提供产品量的对比关系，或在相同投入量下取得不同产出量的经济指标。这种评价强调土地的经济属性，从土地利用的经济学方面来评价土地的质量。常用的土地经济评价方法有毛利分析与现金流量贴现分析等方法。 它与土地适宜性评价的差别是，既考虑土地的自然属性之差异，更着重研究在等量劳动耗费条件下，土地的产出效果。 第二节国土资源评价的目的与内容 一、评价目的 1、国土资源评价：针对特定的国土区域，根据资源类别，属性、
七年级下册资源与评价参考答案 第一单元做自尊自信的人 第一课珍惜无价的自尊 【基础过关】 二、简答题 14．⑴结合自身情况如实回答。⑵结合实际情况如实回答，可具体分析一下。⑶知道首先尊重别人，才会赢得别人的尊重。对人要讲礼貌，在实际生活中做尊重他人的好少年，享受自尊与尊重他人的快乐。 三、分析说明题 15．⑴王宇应正确对待他人善意、妥帖与温暖的提醒，意识到自己有弱点、盲点与误区，并严格要求自己，敞开心扉，虚心学习，大胆尝试，不断超越，增强自身实力，不断完善自己，做一个有尊严、有价值的人。 ⑵真正有自尊心的人，必定是知道羞耻的人，知耻是自尊的重要表现；如果一个人对自己不恰 当、不合适的行为不感到惭愧和羞耻，就永远不会有自尊。 16．“荣誉班”三个字激发了学生们的自尊和自信，激励他们开拓进取，开发潜能，获得成功。 【能力提升】 二、简答题 14．提示：自尊要适度。适度的自尊有助于我们面对批评，改正错误；过度的自尊，则使我们过于敏感，作茧自缚，体验不到生活中的乐趣。 三、分析说明题 15．提示：这些都属于不尊重别人的表现。要想赢得他人的尊重，首先要尊重他人，自尊的人懂得尊重他人。每个人都需要通过他人的尊重、欣赏、鼓励、期望来感受自尊。我们只有关注他人的尊严, 从欣赏﹑鼓励﹑期望等角度善待对方，不做有损别人的事，我们才能得到他人的尊重。 如果不懂得尊重别人，而像镜头中的某些同学那样，就难以赢得别人的尊重。 16．菜园主人的做法维护了邻居的自尊，他以善意揣度别人，以达观的态度宽容别人的错误，给人以改正错误的机会，他尊重他人的做法也是自尊的表现；而偷菜人的自尊受到了别人的保护，他便心存感激，改掉了毛病，成为自尊的人，受到了人们的称赞。 第二课扬起自信的风帆 【基础过关】 二、简答题 14．提示：开展这项活动的目的是针对部分学生中存在的自信心不足的实际情况，培养学生的自信意识，增强自信心。 关于对这八句话中某一句的认识，可根据自信的意义、对自我的正确认识和培养自信的方法等问题展开来谈，不一定拘泥于教材的论述。 三、分析说明题 15．⑴这句话说明了自信的重要性。自信会使不可能成为可能，使可能成为现实；不自信，则会可能变成不可能，使不可能变成毫无希望。选择自信，就是选择成功。 ⑵发现自我；悦纳自我；追求成功。 【能力提升】 二、简答题 14. 小洁同学敢于肯定自己的能力，积极面对挑战，是自信的表现。但是自信不等于成功，蔡洁同 学的失败是可以理解的，她的行为应该鼓励。 15．⑴略。⑵我们只有把个人的命运与祖国的发展结合在一起，我们的自信才有坚如磐石的根基。 一个人如果没有民族自信心，他的自信就没有任何意义和价值。 16．提示：情境一中李明的病因是：好高骛远，没有确立正确的目标。“处方”：创造成功的记录，要确立正确的目标。 情境二中的同学的病因是：缺乏自信心，有自卑的心理作怪。“处方”：正确认识自己，要科学比较，找到自己的优势，并充分肯定自己。 情境三中王浩的病因是：不能充分认识这些缺点的危害，不采取措施去弥补自己的缺点。“处方”：正视不足，变弱为强，不仅要认识不足，更要积极想办法加以弥补。 三、分析说明题 17．⑴自卑心理。自卑者会产生对自己的憎恨，憎恨自己不完美，憎恨自己无能为力，由此强化了自卑感。自卑心态会使人远离成功。 ⑵有理即可，答案不唯一。 ⑶每个人都是一座待开发的金矿，自信为我们搭建起了一个人生平台，使我们可以主动、积极 地去应对生活中各种问题，并使我们保持心情宁静，从容感受生活的乐趣。 第二单元做自立自强的人 第三课走向自立人生 【基础过关】 一、单项选择题 二、简答题 三、分析说明题 16．⑴不要让孩子对父母形成依赖心理，让孩子懂得管理和安排自己的生活。自己的事情自己管。 ⑵学会自己挣零用钱，安排自己的零用钱。 17．提示：人生需自立，自立才能成功。我们如果不自觉锻炼自立能力，培养自立精神，将来就难以在社会上立足成材。 【能力提升】 三、分析说明题 16．提示：林则徐是一位深明大义的民族英雄，他对待财产和子女态度也表现出非凡胸襟。这幅对联告诉人们，留给子女财产，不如留给子女独立的人格和自立精神。 17．从依赖的危害性上谈谈自己的感受即可。 第四课人生当自强 【基础过关】 二、简答题 13．⑴在困难面前不低头、不丧气，想办法克服困难、战胜挫折；不断地为自己设定新目标并激励自己为实现目标而积极进取。⑵示例：要树立坚定的理想，战胜自我，扬长避短，不断克服学习和生活中的困难，开拓进取，奋发向上，实现人生理想。
耕地后备资源调查评价项目 XXX耕地后备资源调查评价报告 XXX国土资源局 二〇一六年二月
目录 1.区域概况 (1) 1.1区域地理位置 (1) 1.2行政区划 (1) 1.3自然、社会条件 (1) 1.3.1自然条件 (1) 1.3.2社会条件 (2) 1.4土地生态环境 (2) 1.5土地利用结构和开发利用概况 (3) 2.工作综述 (4) 2.1工作任务来源、背景、意义及工作目标 (4) 2.2工作依据 (5) 2.2.1 法律法规 (5) 2.2.2 相关政策 (5) 2.2.3 技术规范 (6) 2.2.4 相关成果 (6) 2.3工作过程 (6) 2.3.1 工作准备阶段 (6) 2.3.2 调查评价阶段 (7) 2.3.3 外业补充调查阶段 (8) 2.3.4省补充调查（15-25度） (8) 2.3.5 数据入库阶段 (9) 2.3.6 成果汇总与分析阶段 (10) 2.4取得成果 (10) 2.4.1调查评价特点 (10) 2.4.2调查评价成果 (11) 2.4.3成果应用价值 (11) 3、技术方法 (14) 3.1耕地后备资源调查评价 (14) 3.1.1技术路线 (14) 3.1.2调查评价方法和程序 (14) 3.2二次调查“不稳定耕地”调查 (22) 3.2.1资料收集和整理 (22) 3.2.2调查核实 (22) 3.2.3上图标注 (23) 3.3二次调查新增耕地调查 (23) 3.3.1资料收集和整理 (23) 3.3.2调查核实 (24) 3.3.3上图标注 (24) 3.4成果质量检查 (24) 3.4.1成果检查内容与方法 (24)
练习册答案 第一章整式的乘除 1.1 整式 1.(1)C 、D 、F ；(2)A 、B 、G 、H ；(3)A 、B ；(4)G ；(5)E 、I ； 2. 125r π；3.334 3 R a π-； 4.四,四,-13ab 2c,-13,25 ； 5.1,2； 6. 13a 3b 2c ； 7.3x 3-2x 2-x ； 8.11209 ,10200 a a ；9.D ；10.A ； 11.?B ；12.D ；13.C ；14. 12222V V V V +；15.a=27；16.n=3 2 ;四.-1. 1.2 整式的加减 1.-xy+2x 2y 2; 2.2x 2+2x 2y; 3.3; 4.a 2-a+6; 5.99c-99a; 6.6x 2y+3x 2y 2-14y 3; 7.39π-+; 8.3217210n n n n a a a a +++--+-; 9.D; 10.D; 11.D; 12.B; 13.C; 14.C; 15.B; 16.D; 17.C ；18.解：原式=1 26 ax +,当a=-2,x=3时, 原式=1. 19. 解：x=5,m=0,y=2,原式=5.20.(8a-5b)-[(3a-b)-32a b -]=139 22 a b -,当a=10,b=8时,上车乘客是29人.21. 解：由 3xy x y =+,得xy=3(x+y),原式=8 7 -. 22. 解：(1)1,5,9,即后一个比前一个多4正方形. (2)17,37,1+4(n-1). 四.解：3幅图中，需要的绳子分别为4a+4b+8c,4a+4b+4c,6a+6b+4c, 所以（2）中的用绳最短，（3）中的用绳最长. 1.3 同底数幂的乘法 1.10m n +,96； 2.2x 5,(x+y)7 ； 3.106； 4.3； 5.7,12,15,3 ； 6.10； 7.D ； 8.?B ； 9.D ；10.D ； 11.B ；12.(1)-(x-y)10 ；(2)-(a-b-c)6；(3)2x 5 ；(4)-x m 13.解:9.6×106×1.3×108≈1.2×1015(kg). 14.(1)①424103333??=，②436135555??=. (2)①x+3=2x+1,x=2 ②x+6=2x,x=6. 15.-8x 7y 8 ;16.15x=-9,x=-3 5 -.
林地资源经济评价的主要理论 林地资源的经济评价是指用定性和定量的方法对林地质量、林地在进行森林资源生产条件下可能取得的经济效益以及由此决定的林地本身的经济价值进行的综合鉴定。从评价内容来看，分为林地生产力评价和林地资源货币评价两个方面。 （一）林地生产力评价的主要理论 林地生产力是林地最基本的特征。林地生产力不仅是林地经济评价的内容，也是林地经济评价的前提和货币评价的主要依据。林地是林业生产最基本的生产资料。如果林地不具有生产力，就不可能有使用价值，也就没有进行经济评价的必要。林地生产力的高低是林地各种构成因素组合的综合表现，同时也取决人类在生产中对林地施加的影响，即生产集约化经营水平。林地生产力水平表现为林地质量等级，质量等级高的林地，其生产力高，在林业生产经营中能获得较高的经济收益，其经济价值也就高，反之，则经济价值低。 林地生产力的高低主要是由影响林地自然生产力的生物环境条件和相对稳定的土壤因素来决定的。树高是反映林地生产力的敏感因子，单位面积林地的生物产品数量和质量是林地生产力的集中体现。因此，林地生产力评价可以直接通过对影响林地生产力的环境条件和土壤因素的比较评定来确定林地质量等级，也可运用树高、单位面积林地的生物产品数量和质量来评价。单位面积林地的生物产品数量一般指林木蓄积或重量（林木产量）。林木产量与林地生产力的影响因子之间存在着必然的、稳定的相关关系。在进行林地生产力评价的实际工作中，由于一般难以获得准确反映被评价林地生产力的标准产量数据资料，特别是林木生长周期长，影响林木产量的外在因素很多，对未来产量的准确预测难度也大。因此，常常利用林木产量与林地生产力的影响因子之间的关系，通过找出它们之间的必然联系，借助这些因子来确定林木产量。 如前所述，我国林地资源类型多样，林地用途具有广泛选择性，不同类型的林地，适宜生长的树种各异，同一块林地，可以适于不同种类的林木生长。若用林木产量鉴定林地生产力的高低，那么不同树种之间的林木产量则无法进行比较，也就是说，如评价的林地之间经营的树种不同，即使它们的产量相同，也不能说明它们具有同等的生产力，产量不同，也不能说明它们的生产力就不相等。例如，有环境条件相似和质量等级相同的二块林地，它们的自然生产力基本相等，若甲地种植杉木，乙地种植马尾松，在消耗等量的活劳动和物化劳动情况下，甲地产杉木380m3/hm2，乙地产马尾松290m3/hm2。显而易见，不能用这两个产量来说明这两块林地的生产力是不同的。因为不同种类的树木，其生长特性不一样。即使自然生产力相等的林地，经营同一树种，若经营的集约水平不同，即单位面积消耗的劳动量不同，也将会获得不同的林木产量。在实际生产中，常常出现这样的情况，某树种生长快，产量高，但经济价值低，另一树种则相反，生长慢，产量低，而价值高，经营者在进行树种选择时很可能选择后者，而不是前者。因此，进行林地生产力评价，除采用木材产量指标外，还需用单位面积总产值和纯收入指标。一般来说，任何经营成果都可用货币单位来衡量，货币价值越高，经营成果越大。单位面积总产值能把不同树种的产量指标转化为统一的可比指标。单位面积产值高，在一定程度上表明林地的生产力高。从广义上看，按产值来评价林地生产力还是运用产量指标的转化形式，没有反映出不同质量林地上的生产费用和收益率。为了克服这一不足，需用单位面积纯收入指标。应当指出，确定产值和纯收入与林木产品的价格有着密切联系。影响林木产品价格的因素很多，除其本身的价值外，还有供求关系，国家的