2013-2014-1 美国文学史及选读期末复习材料
.- Ⅰ Multiple choices
1. Which is not connected with Thomas Paine?
A. Common Sense
B. The American Crisis
C. The Rights of Man
D. The Autobiography
2. “These are the times that try men’s souls”, these words were once read to Washington’s troops and did much to spur excitement to further action with hope and confidence. Who is the author of these words?
A.Benjamin Franklin
B. Thomas Paine
C. Thomas Jefferson
D. George Washington
3. At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ______.
A. Chartist Movement
B. Romanticist Movement
C. Enlightenment Movement
D. Modernist Movement
4. In American literature, the Enlighteners were favorable to______.
A. the colonial order
B. religious obscurantism
C. the Puritan tradition
D. the secular literature
5. The English colonies in North America rose in arms against their parent country and the Continental Congress adopted ______ in 177
6.
A. Declaration of Independence
B. the Sugar Act
C. the Stamp Act
D. the Mayflower Compact
6. ______ usually was regarded as the first American writer.
A. William Bradford
B. Anne Bradstreet
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Captain John Smith
7. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “______” who appeared in America.
A. Ninth Muse
B. Tenth Muse
C. Best Muse
D. First Muse
8. Who was considered as the “poet of American Revolution”?
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Edward Taylor
C. Michael Wigglesworth
D. Philip Freneau
9. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet ______ to appear in America up to that time.
A. Edward Taylor
B. Philip Freneau
C. William Cullen Bryant
D. Edgar Allen Poe
10. The finest example of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in ______.
A. The Scarlet Letter
B. Young Goodman Brown
C. The Marble Faun
D. The Ambitious Guest
11. “The universe is composed of Nature and the soul… Spirit is present everywhere”. This is the voice of the book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England ______.
A. Romanticism
B. Transcendentalism
C. Naturalism
D. Symbolism
12. Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?
A. Nature
B. Walden
C. On Beauty
D. Self-Reliance
.- 13. Mark Twain created, in _________, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature.
A. The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn
B. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer
C. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg
D. The Gilded Age
14. _________ marks the climax of Mark Twain ’s literary creativity.
A . The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn B. The Gilded Age
C. Life on the Mississippi
D. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer
15. Choose the novel which is not written by Henry James.
A. The Ambassadors
B. The Wings of the Dove
C. The Bostonians
D. The Mysterious Stranger
16. Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be _________.
A. transcendentalists
B. idealists
C. pessimists
D. impressionists
17. Ezra Pound ’s long poem _________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.
A. The Waste Land
B. The Cantos
C. Don Juan
D. Queen Mab
18. T. S. Eliot ’s first major poem _________(1917), has been called the first masterpiece of modernism in English.
A. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
B. The Waste Land
C. Four Quartets
D. Preludes
19. Ernest Hemingway was badly wounded in Italy and sent to a hospital where he fell in love with a nurse. These two persons later became the characters of his novel _________.
A. The Old Man and the Sea
B. For Whom the Bell Tolls
C. The Sun Also Rises
D. A Farewell to Arms
20. In William Faulkner ’s The Sound and the Fury , he used a technique called _________, in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of one character.
A. stream of consciousness
B. imagism
C. symbolism
D. naturalism
21. Led by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson and ______, there arose a kind of teachings of transcendentalism in the early nineteenth century.
A. Herman Melville
B. Henry David Thoreau
C. Mark Twain
D. Theodore Dreiser
22. A New ______ had appeared in England in the last years of the eighteenth century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the nineteenth century.
A. realism
B. critical realism
C. romanticism
D. naturalism
23. From Henry David Thoreau ’s jail experience, came his famous essay, ______ which states Thoreau ’s belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government.
A. Walden
B. Nature
C. Civil Disobedience
D. Common Sense
24. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his _________.
A. international theme
B. waste-land imagery
C. local color
D. symbolism
25. Herman Melville ’s ______ is an encyclopedia of everything: history, philosophy religion, etc. in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.
A. The Old Man and the Sea
B. Moby Dick
C. White Jacket C . Billy Budd
26. The ship “______” carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.
A. Sunflower
B. Armada
C. Mayflower
D. Pequod
.- 27. From 1733 to 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous ______, an annual collection of proverbs.
A. The Autobiography
B. Poor Richard ’s Almanac
C. Common Sense
D. The General Magazine
28. In American literature, the eighteen-century was the age of the Enlightenment. ______ was the dominant spirit.
A. Humanism
B. Rationalism
C. Revolution
D. Evolution
29. ______ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.
A. Henry David Thoreau
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Walt Whitman
30. Edgar Allen Poe ’s first collection of short stories is ______.
A. Tales of a Traveler
B. Leatherstocking Tales
C. Canterbury Tales
D. Tales of the Grotesque of Arabesque
31. ______ was a romanticized account of Herman Melville ’s stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville well known as the “man who lived among cannibals ”.
A. Moby Dick
B. Typee
C. Omoo
D. Billy Budd
32. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence ”?
A. The American Scholar
B. English Traits
C. The Conduct of Life
D. Representative Men
33. The three dominant figures of the realistic period in American literature are _________.
A. Theodore Dreiser, Emily Dickinson and William Dean Howells
B. Mark Twain, Henry James and William Dean Howells
C. Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser and William Dean Howells
D. Mark Twain, Emily Dickinson and William Dean Howells
34. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. This was _________.
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Jane Austen
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Harriet Beecher
35. In 1900, London published his first collection of short stories, named _________.
A. The Son of the Wolf
B. The Sea Wolf
C. The Law of Life
D. White Fang
36. In Henry James ’ Daisy Miler , the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _________.
A. the force of convention
B. the free spirit of the New World
C. the decline of aristocracy
D. the corruption of the newly rich
37. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” This is the shortest poem written by _________.
A. T.S. Eliot
B. Robert Frost
C. Ezra Pound
D.
E.E.Cumings
38. The Fitzgerald lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as _________.
A. The Roaring Twenties
B. The Jazz Age
C. The Dollar Decade
D. all of the above
39. In 1954, _________ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his “mastery of the art of modern narration ”.
A. T.S Eliot
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. John Steinbeck
D. William Faukner
40. William Faukner ’s novel _________ describes the decay and downfall of an old southern aristocratic family, symbolizing the old social order, told from four different points of view.
A. The Sound and the Fury
B. Startoris
.- C. The Unvanquished D. The Town
41. “The Lure of the Spirit: The Flesh in Pursuit ” is the title of one chapter in Dreiser ’
s novel _________.
A. An American Dream
B. Sister Carrie
C. Dreiser Looks at Russia
D. Jannie Gerhardt
42. The main theme of _________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.
A. Henry James ’
B. William Dean Howells ’
C. Mark Twain ’s
D. O. Henry ’s
43. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _________became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.
A. sentimentalism
B. romanticism
C. realism
D. naturalism
44. While embracing the socialism of Marx, London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals. This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel _________.
A. The Call of the Wild
B. The Sea Wolf
C. Martin Eden
D. The Iron Heel
45_________ is a novella about a young American girl who gets “killed ” by the winter in Rome, and it brought Henry James international fame for the first time.
A. The American
B. The Europeans
C. Daisy Miller
D. The Portait of a Lady
Answers: 1-5 DBCDA 6-10 DBDCA 11-15 BAAAD 16-20 CBADA
21-25 BCCCB 26-30 CBBBD 31-35 BABCA 36-40 BCDBA 41-45 BACCC
Ⅱ Filling the following blanks with proper answers
1. Captain John Smith became the first American writer.
2. The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people.
3. The first major intellectual spokesman of the Massachusetts Bay colony was John Cotton, sometimes called “the Patriarch of New England.”
4. Anne Bradstreet published The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America , and she was nicknamed the tenth Muse.
5. Poor Richard ’s Almanac is an annual collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin.
6. Thomas Paine ’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence ”.
7. Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
8. Philip Freneau developed a natural, simple, and concrete diction, best illustrated in such nature lyrics as “The Wild Honey Suckle ” and “The Indian Burying Ground ”.
9. Philip Freneau has been called the “Father of American Poetry ”.
10. In Washington Irving ’s Sketch Book appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.
11. Cooper ’s enduring fame rests on his frontier stories, especially the five novels that comprise the Leatherstocking tales .
12. “To a Waterfowl ” is perhaps the peak of William Cullen Bryant ’s wok.
13. “Thanatopsis ”, William Cullen Bryant ’s best-known poem, consists of four stanzas in iambic tetrameter abab. The title means “view of death ”.
14. Edgar Allan Poe is considered “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories ”.
.- 15. Emerson believed above all in individualism, independence of mind, and self-reliance.
16. In Walden , Thoreau thought it better for a man to work one day a week and rest six, and the
rest of the time could be devoted to thought.
17. Hawthorne ’s stories touch the deepest roots of man ’s moral nature.
18. Moby Dick is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.
19. After his death, Longfellow became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet ’s Corner of Westminster Abbey.
20. Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle Tom ’s Cabin , had become an American institution and the most famous literary woman in the world.
21. William Dean Howells found his subject matter in the experiences of the American middle class.
22. William Dean Howells called for the treatment of the “smiling aspects of life ” as being the more “American.”
23. The naturalists emphasized that the world was amoral, that men and women had no free will, that their lives were controlled by heredity and the environment.
24. The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called free verse.
25. O ·Henry ’s stories are usually short and interesting; Famous for their surprising end.
26. Henry James is famous for his international theme of the traditionless American confronting the complexity of European life.
27. Jack London believed in the inevitable triumph of the strongest individuals.
28. Dreiser ’s greatest and most successful novel, An American Tragedy, is about a young man who acts as if the only way he can be truly fulfilled is by acquiring wealth —through marriage if necessary.
29. Writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged that they were a “Lost Generation,” devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization.
30. Wallace Stevens ’ work is primarily motivated by the belief that “ideas of order ”.
31. With the publication of The Sun Also Rises , Hemingway became the spokesman for what Gertrude Stein had called “a lost generation.”
Ⅲ Decide whether the statements are true or false (T/F).
1. John Winthrop ’s reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been regarded as the first distinct American literature written in English.
2. In 1612, William Bradford published in England a book called A Map of Virginia ; With a description of the country.
3. Philip Freneau was neoclassical by training and taste yet romantic in essential spirit.
4. Ralph Waldo Emerson was recognized as the leader of transcendentalist movement, but he always applied the term “Transcendentalist ” to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.
5. To Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville, the telling of a tale was a way of inquiring into the meaning of life.
6. Walt Whitman was attacked in his lifetime for his offensive subject matter of sexuality and for his conventional style.
7. Tom Sawyer walked out of Twain ’s pages directly from his fresh memory of his boyhood in the west.
8. Hurstwood is a character in Theodore Dreiser ’s Sister Carrie .
9. In the decade of the 1910s, American literature achieved a new diversity and reached its greatest heights.
10. Edwin Arlington Robinson began his career as a novalist in bleakness and poverty.
.- 11.The greatest of America ’s realists, such as Henry James and Mark Twain, moved well beyond a superficial portrayal of nineteenth-century America.
12.Henry James was a realist in the same way as one views the realism of Mark Twain or William
Dean Howells.
13.Sister Carrie is generally regarded as Theodore Dreiser ’s masterpiece.
14.Generally speaking, Jack London was much more interested in ideas than Stephen Crane and less sentimental than Frank Norris.
15.Ralph Waldo Emerson ’s prose style was sometimes as highly individual as his poetry.
16. American literature is the oldest of all national literature.
17. Georgia, Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, New York, New England, all were named after French monarchs and lands.
18. Benjamin Franklin was a prose stylist whose writing reflected the neoclassic ideals of clarity, restraint, simplicity and balance.
19. The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe ’s poems.
20. The Scarlet Letter is set in the seventeenth century. It is an elaboration of a fact which the author took out of the life of the Puritan past.
21. Walt Whitman was so great that he won respect and love during his lifetime for his Leaves of Grass .
22. Many of O. Henry ’s stories contain a lot of slang and colloquial expressions, just like his own speech.
23. Henry James was a realist in the same way as one views the realism of Mark Twain or William Dean Howells.
24. Robert Frost rejected the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporaries, and chose “the old-fashioned way to be new ” instead.
25. John Steinbeck ’s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.
26. Transcendentalists spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.
27. Washington Irving was the first great belletrist, writing always for pleasure, and to produce pleasure.
28. James Fennimore Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure tale and the frontier saga.
29. Puritan influence over American Romanticism was conspicuously noticeable.
30. “Young Goodman Brown ” seems to prove everyone possesses some evil secrets
1-5 FFTFT 6-10FTTFF 11-15 TFFTT 16-20 FFTFT 21-25FFFTT 26-30 TTTTT
Ⅳ Answer the following questions briefly.
1. These are the times that try men ’s souls: The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly —This dearness only that gives everything its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods.
Questions:
(1)Which book is this passage taken from?
.- (2)Who is the author of this book?
(3)Whom is the author praising? Whom is the author criticizing?
(4)What do you think of the language?
Answers:
(1) The American Crisis.
(2) Thomas Paine
(3) Paine is praising those who stand “it ”, it referring to “the service of their country ”. In the meantime, Paine is criticizing those who shrink from the service of their country in this crisis.
(4) The language is plain, impressive and forceful. Paine himself once said that his purpose as a writer was to use plain language to make those who can scarcely read understand and to fit the powers of thinking and the turn of language to the subject, so as to bring out a clear conclusion that shall hit the point in question and nothing else.
2. It was not very long after speaking the Goney that another homeward-bound whaleman, the Town-Ho, was encountered. She was manned almost wholly by Polynesians. In the short gam that ensued she gave us strong news of Moby Dick. To some the general interest in the White Whale was now widly heightened by circumstance of the Town-Ho ’s story, which seemed obscurely to involve with the whale a certain wondrous, inverted visitation of one of those so called judgments of God which at times are said to overtake some men. This latter circumstance, with its own particular accompaniments, forming what may be called the secret part of the tragedy about to be narrated, never reached the ears of Captain Ahab or his mates …Nevertheless, so potent and influence did this thing have on those seamen in the Pequod who came to the full knowledge of it, and by such a strange delicacy, to call it so, were they governed in this matter, that they kept the secret among themselves so that it never transpired abaft the Pequod ’s main-mast. Interweaving in its proper place this darker thread with the story as publicly narrated on the ship, the whole of this strange affair I now proceed to put on lasting record.
Questions:
(1)From which novel is this paragraph taken?
(2) What is the name of the novelist?
(3) Who is Ahab?
(4) What is Pequod?
(5) What is the theme of the novel?
Answers:
(1) Moby Dick
(2) Herman Melville
(3) The captain of the whaling ship
(4) The name of the whaling ship
(5) The rebellious struggle of Captain Ahab against the overwhelming, mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.
3. When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumes the cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse. Of an intermediate balance, under the circumstances, there is no possibility. The city has its cunning wiles, no less than the infinitely smaller and more human temper. There are large forces which allure with all the soulfulness of expression possible in the most cultured human. The gleam of a thousand lights is often as effective as the persuasive light in a wooing and fascinating eye. Half the undoing of the unsophisticated and natural mind is accomplished
.- by forces wholly superhuman. A blare of sound, a roar of life, a vast array of human hives, appeal to the astonished senses in equivocal terms. Without a counselor at hand to whisper cautious
interpretations, what falsehoods may not these things breathe into the unguarded ear! Unrecognized
for what they are, their beauty, like music, too often relaxes, then weakens then perverts the simpler human perceptions.
Questions:
(1) From which novel is this paragraph taken?
(2) Who is the author of this novel?
(3) How do you understand “the cosmopolitan standard of virtue ”?
(4) Is there any naturalist tendency in this passage?
Answers:
(1)Sister Carrie
(2) Theodore Dreiser
(3) “The cosmopolitan standard of virtue ” is something that makes a person become low in virtue and become worse.
(4) Yes.
4. Briefly discuss the novel The Great Gatsby
The Great Gatsby, a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is one of the greatest novels in American literature. It fully explores the disillusionment and despair of the lost generation through the personal tragedy of a young man whose “incorruptible Dream ” is easily smashed into pieces by the crude reality. The protagonist, Gatsby, is a mythical figure whose intensity of dream partakes of a state of mind that embodies American itself. His failure magnifies the end of the American Dream. The style of the story is explicit and chilly. Fitzgerald ’s accurate dialogues, his careful observation of mannerism and the colorful images provide the reader with a vivid and profound scene of the reality.
5. What are the three main principles that Ezra Pound endorsed?
(1) Directly treat poetic subjects.
(2) Eliminate merely ornamental or superfluous words.
(3) Rhythmical composition in the sequence of the musical phrase rather than in the sequence of metronome.
6. Tell the differences between Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman
(1) Emily Dickinson expresses the inner life of individuals, while Walt Whitman keeps his eyes on the society at large.
(2) Emily Dickinson is “regional ”, while Walt Whitman is “national ” in his outlook.
(3) Formally, Emily Dickinson uses concise, simple dictions and syntax, while Walt Whitman uses endless, all-inclusive catalogs.
Ⅴ Essay Writing (这个部分给大家的答案只是罗列了回答的要点，要将其连缀成文，如果简单按复习题给的答案罗列，只得一半分数)
1. Write a short essay about the novel The Grapes of Wrath
Writer: John Steinbeck----won Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962; spoke for the oppressed and suffered
.- Background information: (1) Oklahoma used to be a major agricultural state. In the 1930s, a draught ruined this place. People had to leave here to seek a way out. Many of them went to California
in hope of finding jobs there to support their family. (2)The Great Depression.
Meaning of title: (1) Hope to despair; (2) Wrath of people; (3) Indications of revolution. Theme: (1) Embodying the mass misery of farmers; (2) Praising the spirit of love and unity; (3) Advocating fight and struggle for better life.
Structure: (1) Its structure is dictated by the bible; (2) There are two blocks of material: a. the westward trek of the Joads; b. the depressed Oklahomans, and the general picture of the Great Depression.
Symbols: (1) dust---evil forces; (2) grapes---hope →rage
2. Write a short essay about the novel A Farewell to Arms
Writer: Hemingway---- (1) in 1954, he was awarded the Nobel Prize; (2) Main works: The Sun also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, The old Man and the Sea. (3) His major contribution: a. Code hero---grace under pressure; b. Iceberg Theory--- economy of expression;
(4) the lost generation
Background information: World War Ⅱ
Theme: shows the filth, meaningless, calamity of war; the death, the nothingness of life; the disillusionment with future, hope and love, happiness. The universe is indifferent. There is no God to watch over man.
Characters: Henry--- initially detached from life----though well-disciplined and friendly, he feels as if he has nothing to do with the war. After falling in love with Catherine he became a code hero in some way. Catherine---code hero: unfaltering devotion to Henry, brave, considerate, optimistic
Symbols: rain---sadness, desperation, depression. It is raining outside almost every time something bad occurs. mud---nature's hostility to man.
3. Write a short essay about the novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Author: Mark Twain —the first truly American writer, a local colorist; he used short, concrete and colloquial language; his sentences are simple, and even ungrammatical; good at writing children ’s adventures; masterpieces including: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
About the novel: The first famous novel about growing up and showing the contradictions between adults ’ world and teenagers ’ world, a story of his seeking for freedom, fame, fortune, love, manhood; reveals the American values such as hero complex and American dream; records the rising Age of American Bourgeois system; bears the irony and satire toward the religion and rigid, didactic children education, which curbed the imagination of children and their innate nature for freedom and adventures and molded them into a stereotype of lifeless man.
4. Comment briefly on Theodore Dreiser ’s theme and writing style?
Theme: Dreiser ’s works are mainly concerned with the tragic nature of the human condition by depicting the coarse, vulgar, cruel, and terrible aspects of life like sex and crime.
Style: In terms of style, Dreiser has sometimes been censured for his clumsy syntax, deficient characterization, and inept and dull prose. Yet his accumulated detail, carefully selected and faithfully recorded, is a technique of power. Like the other naturalists, he refused to judge —to consider people as good or evil. He clothes his concepts symbolically in the details of reality. It is his journalistic method that has made him one of America ’s foremost novelists.
.-
美国文学试题库 注：试题库内容仅作为学习参考使用，并不代表考试内容。任何一道题均可能变化为其它形式的试题。 1. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more_____________. A. rational B. humorous C. optimistic D. pessimistic 2.The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ . A. local colorism B. vernacularism C. modernism D. naturalism 3. ____________were idealists, believing the church should be restored to complete “purity” and dreaming that they would build the new land to an Eden on earth. A. Calvinists B. Puritans C. Romanticists D. Transcendentalists 4. All of the following are the features of Puritans EXCEPT _____. A. wanting to make pure their religious beliefs and practices
第17单元20世纪美国诗人（1） I.Fill in the blanks. 1.Author_____Title_____（南京大学2007研） The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet,black bough. 【答案】Author:Ezra Pound；Title:“In a Station of the Metro” 【解析】题目节选自庞德的《在一个地铁车站》，该诗是以一个意象作为叙述语言的典型范例。 2.Ezra Pound’s lifelong endeavor had been devoted to the writing of_____,which contains_____poems.（国际关系学院2007研） 【答案】The Cantos;117 【解析】庞德把毕生精力都投入到写作《诗章》当中，《诗章》共包括117首诗。 3.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the“_____”movement. 【答案】imagism 【解析】庞德是意象主义运动的领军人物。 4._____was successful in two fields of activity which did not seem compatible with
one another:he was a very successful businessman and a very remarkable contemporary poet at the same time.（人大2006研） 【答案】Wallace Stevens 【解析】华莱士·史蒂文斯(Wallace Stevens)是美国20世纪的著名诗人。他集企业家和诗人于一身。 5.Winner of the National Book Award in1950and the Pulitzer Prize in1963,______ is the author of the five-volume epic Paterson which is a lucid statement of the author’s aesthetics. 【答案】William Carlos Williams 【解析】威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯的代表作是《佩特森》，它清晰地表达了诗人的美学观点。 6.At the age of44,Wallace Stevens was finally persuaded to publish a book of poems,entitled_____. 【答案】Harmonium 【解析】1923年，44岁的华莱士-史蒂文斯出版了他的第一部诗集《风琴》（Harmonium）。 7.After his death,Wallace Stevens’s previously uncollected works appeared under the title_____. 【答案】Opus Posthumous 【解析】华莱士·史蒂文斯死后，其之前未收集的诗作集合成册于1957年发表，名为《遗作》(Opus Posthumous)。
1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765） American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th) 北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱) Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical） 2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源 3、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war） American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. 早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature
湖州师范学院外国语学院2008— 2009学年第二学期 《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）答案暨评分标准 I. Write the names of the authors. (10%) ①Walt Whitman ②Edgar Allen Poe ③Wallace Stevens ④Franklin Norris ⑤Stephen Crane ⑥William Faulkner ⑦Sinclair Lewis ⑧John Steinbeck ⑨Langston Hughes ⑩Tennessee Williams II. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.（10%） ①New England ②Regionalism or Local color writing ③semi-autobiographical ④anti-realism ⑤Imagist ⑥Santiago ⑦multiple narrations or points of view ⑧1930 ⑨Harlem Renaissance ⑩Eugene O’Neill III. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. （20%） 1－5. A D C B B 6－10. D B E B A IV. Identify the author and the title of the work from which each of the following excerpts is taken. And then answer the question after each excerpt. (20%) Passage 1 the author: Walt Whitman (1%) the title of the work : Songs of Myself (1%) Question: What is the poet celebrating? (2%) The poet is celebrating individualism and nationalism, singing of all those people who form the American nationality.
I、Write the Names of the Authors、 1、Poor Richard’s Almanac 2、Common Sense 3、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 4、A Streetcar Named Desire 5、The Waste Land 6、Sister Carrie 7、The House of the Seven Gables 8、The Great Gatsby 9、The Bluest Eye 10、 A Farewell to Arms 11、R ip Van Winkle 12、Raven 13、The Call of the Wild 14、The Marble Faun 15、Moby Dick 16、The Wing of the Dove 17、Of Mice and Men 18、The Bluest Eye 19、The Great Gatsby 20、The Bluest Eye 21、The Sound and the Fury II、Multiple Choices(Choose the best answer from the four choices)、 1、From 1622 until his death, , one of the greatest of colonial American, was reelected thirty times as governor、 A、Anne Bradstreet B、William Bradford C、Edward Taylor D、Thomas Pain 2、carries the voice not of an individual but of a whole people、It is more than writing of the Revolutionary period, it defined the meaning of the American Revolution、 A、Common Sense B、The American Crisis C、Declaration of Independence D、Defense of the English People 3、usually was regarded as the first American writer、 A、William Bradford B、Anne Bradstreet C、Emily Dickinson D、Captain John Smith 4、Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet、Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the " "who appeared in America、 A、Ninth Muse B、Tenth Muse C、Best Muse D、First Muse 5、_____ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club、 A、Henry David Thoreau B、Ralph Waldo Emerson C、Nathanial Hawthorne D、Walt Whitman
美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案洁(部分) Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin Questions 1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography? Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it 2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother. 3.How did he arrive in Philadephia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there about eight
《英语文学文化及影视赏析》课程教学大纲 一、课程说明 1、课程名称（中英文）：英语文学文化及影视赏析/English Literature and Culture & Appreciation of English movies 2、学时学分：75学时理论教学，2学分 3、适用专业：非英语专业研究生 4、开课学院：外国语学院 5、课程负责人：姜萌萌 二、课程描述： 本课程拟对英语经典文学与相关文化概况进行简要介绍，并遴选英美国家的经典作家和作品，对其文学特色、文化背景进行分析。课程重视文学作品与时代背景、西方历史文化的联系，在教学中将理论与实践相结合，做到寓教于乐。在课内，不仅有作家作品、相关文化背景和信息的介绍、经典作品片段的解读，并通过课堂讨论以及影视作品的欣赏帮助学生最直观地理解西方文化与文学作品的文本意义。在课外，学生需要查阅相关资料，完成相关问题的回答与读书报告，以一种轻松愉悦并且多方面切入的方式学习、了解和体验英语文学文化。该课程目的在于通过英语文学文化的学习，提高学生对英语语言的掌握能力、增强对英语文学经典的理解力和对西方文化的审美能力，进一步养成对英语的敏感性，培养人文素质和文学涵养。 三、教材： 王守仁主编，《英国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 陶洁主编，《美国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 秦秀白，《英美国家概况》，北京：高等教育出版社。 王佐良，《欧洲文化入门》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。 自编讲义 四、教学方式： 理论与实践相结合。 五、考核方式： 提交一篇与所学课程相关的课程论文，用英语完成。 总成绩=期末考试成绩70%+平时成绩30%（考勤占10%）
大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题： 1.选择/对错60分（40道选择，20个对错） 2.名词解释10分（5个） 3.选段配对10分（5个） 4.问答20分（10/2） 1．历史：Father / poetess… 2. 名作家：Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson 3．作品：The W asteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter 1.a)选择题（40个，40分） 1. At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 2. Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin? ________ A. He was born in a poor family. B. He was a pious puritan. C. He was phrased as “Jack of all trades”. D. He was a master of diplomacy. 3. Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT ________. A. Lost Generation B. Iceberg theory C. American Dream D. Code Heroes 4. Which character is NOT from The Scarlet Letter? ________ A. Hester Prynne B. Roger Chillingworth C. Captain Ahab D. Pearl 5. Jack London’s semi-biographical novel ________well presents the disillusionment of American Dream. A. The American Tragedy B. The Call of the Wild C. Martin Eden D. The Grapes of Wrath b)判断对错题（20个，20分） 1. Poe’s masterpiece “To Helen” is written to memorize his deceased wife. (F) 2. The tone of “Annabel Lee” is optimistic and hopeful. (F) 3. Mark Twain's novel Jumping Frog was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize. (F) 4. Sister Carrie ended up in tragedy because she could not control her fate. (F)
1. For Melville, as well as for the reader and _________, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe. A. Ahab B. Ishmael C. Stubb D. Starbuck 2. Naturalism is evolved from re alism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more_____________. A. rational B. humorous C. optimistic D. pessimistic 3. Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire includes th ree novels. They are The Financier, The Titan and_____ . A. The Genius B. The Tycoon C. The Stoic D. The Giant 4. The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ . A. local colorism B. vernacularism C. modernism D. naturalism 5. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms -the sonnet, rhyming couplets, blank verse -with a clear American local speech rhythm, the speech of _______farmers with its idiosyncratic diction and syntax. A. Southern B. Western C. New Hampshire D. New England 6. As an autobiographical play, O’Neill’s ___________(1956) has gained its status as a world classic and simultaneously marks the climax of his literary career and the coming of age of American drama. A. The Iceman Cometh B. Long Day’s Journey Into Night C. The Hairy Ape D. Desire Under the Elms 7. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include_________, symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions. A. impressionism B. expressionism C. multiple points of view D. first person point of view 8. Stylistically, Henry James’ fiction is characterized by____________. A. short, clear sentences B. abundance of local images C. ordinary American speech D. highly refined language 9. One of the characteristics that have made Mark Twain a major literary figure in the 19th century America is his use of____________ . A. vernacular B. interior monologue C. point of view D. photographic description 10. It is on his____________ that Washington Irving’s fame mainly rested. A. childhood recollections B. sketches about his European tours C. early poetry D. tales about America 11. At the middle of 19th century, America witnessed a cultural flowering which is called “____________________”.
美国文学复习题(有答案版)
美国文学复习提纲 第一部分连线题（1*10=10’） 1. Thomas Jefferson The Declaration of Independence 2. Walt Whitman O’ Captain, My Captain 3. Mark Twain Jumping Frog 4. Robert Frost Mending Wall 5. Ezra Pound In a Station of the Metro 6. Carl Sandburg Chicago 7. Saul Bellow The Adventure of Augie March 8. Ernest Hemingway Men without Women 9. John Steinbeck The Grape of Wrath 10. Jack London The Call of the Wild 11. Sinclair Lewis Babbit 12. Flannery O’ Connor A Good Man Is Hard to Find 13. O. Henry The Last Leaf 14. Jerome David Salinger The Catcher in the Rye 15. William Falkner The Sound and the Fury 第二部分单项选择(1.5*20=30’) 1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “________” who appeared in America. A. Tenth Muse B. Ninth Muse C. Best Muse D. First Muse 2. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment. ________ was the dominant spirit. A. Humanism B. Rationalism C. Revolution D. Evolution 3. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic? A. The American Crisis B. The Federalist C. Declaration of Independence D. The Age of Reason 4. At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 5. Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with ________. A. nature B. transcendentalist ideas C. human beings D. celestial beings 6. ________tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways. A. Twice-Told Tales B. The Scarlet Letter C. The House of the Seven Gables D. The Marble Faun
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷） 1.Poor Richard’s Almanac ( ) 2.The House of the Seven Gables ( ) 3.“Raven”( ) 4.My Antonia ( ) 5.Babbitt ( ) 6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( ) 7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( ) 8.A Farewell to Arms ( ) 9.The Call of the Wild ( ) 10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( ) https://www.doczj.com/doc/f43186550.html,mon Sense ( ) 12. “Rip Van Winkle”( ) 13. Walden( ) 14. The Song of Hiawatha( ) 15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( ) 16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( ) 17.Sister Carrie( ) 18.The Waste Land( ) 19. A Farewell to Arms( ) 20.The Great Gatsby( ) 1.defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty. 2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel Langhorne Clemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms. 3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the direct treatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word. 4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in his masterpiece novel _________. 5.is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters. 6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by ___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer. 7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\
《美国文学选读》课程标准 一、课程性质与任务 美国文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课。它与英美文学史密切结合，使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时，可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理，并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯，开阔视野，在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。美国文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景，培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣，增强语感，增进学生对美国社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解，提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。 二、课程教学目标 1．知识目标 1）文学知识：通过本课程的学习，学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的美国文学作品，把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点；另外，还应对美国的文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。 2）语言知识：本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品，深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析，以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展。 2．能力目标 1）文学作品鉴赏能力：通过作者作品的讲解，学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价，培养并提高自我的鉴赏能力； 2）语言表达能力：通过课堂和课下阅读及评价任务的完成，学生的口头和书面表达能力能够得到全面的提高； 3）思辩能力：课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力，助其开拓思路，同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。 3．素质目标 1）文学文化修养：本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课，旨在培养学生对美国文学及文化的理解，可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化，并形成独立的开放的文化观，进一步强化其跨文化意识； 2）基本的研究素质：本课程通过对文学评论的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角，可使其具备基本的文学研究素质； 3）文学翻译的基础：本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素，可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料，并做好前期准备。 三、课程基本信息和内容要求
美国文学期末考试复习必备（精） 1. What’s Puritanism? A religious and political movement which appeals to the right of the individual to political & religious independence. It includes three parts: a code of values, a point of view & a philosophy of life 2. What are the basic Puritan beliefs? 1). Total Depravity 2). Unconditional Election 3). Limited Atonement 4). Irresistible Grace 5). Perseverance of the "saints" 3. What are American Puritan values? Sobriety thrift, Self-reliance Diligence, Struggle, simple tastes 4. What are the features of American literature in the Colonial Period? A. Humble origins: diaries, journals, histories, letters. Its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period. B. in content: serving either god or colonial expansion or both C. in form: imitating English literary traditions. D. in style: tight and logic structure, precise and compact expression, avoidance of rhetorical decoration, adoption of homely imagery and simplicity of diction. E. Symbolism formed in this period ------To the pious Puritan, the physical, phenomenal world was nothing but a symbol of God. F. Simple, fresh and direct style