中考英语选词填空解题技巧及配套试题
“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的2个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的
解题技巧。
1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.,动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
2. 通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文
的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3. 在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符
合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches，friend-friend s/friends '。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny，
use-useful/useless/used，dan ger-da ngerous;在遇至U动词时，要有意识地去考
虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式-to do，现在分词
-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done …）。
形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们
之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most
in terest ing，happy-happily ，happy -happ in ess; 填入代词时，需注意辨
别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意
基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third ，2/3-two thirds，one thousand/thousands of ; 冠词只需要在a 或an 之间判别，如a girl/an old man;当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有‘不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级, 要填“数词”请留意千万别忘“基”和“序”填入“代词”需慎重五格变化要谨记。
4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时
态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
例题解析：
（一）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。
job, cha nee, fourth, why, live, easy, hon est, good, in order to, come out
Good mornin g, ladies and gen tleme n. I'm here today to share a good less on with you. It is a true story about an overseas stude nt 71 _______ in Germa ny.
After years of hard work, this stude nt graduated with amaz ing aehieveme nts. Every one thought he was going to get a good 72 _______ easily and have a bright
别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意future. But to his disappo in tme nt, he was not eve n give n the 73 ____ for an
in terview! The third time he was refused, he could n't help teleph oning the
compa ny to ask 74 _______ they did n't want him. The an swer was simple. " We don't offer jobs to 75 _________ people in Germa ny."
What was wrong, you might won der? The truth is, shortly after he arrived in Germa ny, this clever stude nt found that it was 76 ______ to skip buying subway tickets. So 77 ____ s ave money, he often went without a ticket. As a result, he had bee n caught without a ticket in the subway 78 ______ times.
From this story, we learn that we may get short-term ben efits in dish on est ways, but the truth will 79 ________ s ooner or later and the cost is high. So remember: honesty is the 80 ______ rule. That's all for my speech. Thank you! （二）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）so start easy badly some one difficult if tha nk class reporter medical succeed Provi ng Them Wrong!
r m Joh n Wood, a doctor at a famous Bost on hospital. During the first two years of high school, I found biology very 56 _____ . My report cards always said things like "must study harder" or "Joh n should n't choose scie nee 57 ____ ." It
was really terrible for 58 ______ who had always dreamed of beco ming a doctor. I lost con fide nee, so I left high school x j at sixtee n and 59 _______ work ing at a supermarket.
One eve ning I saw a docume ntary about Albert Ein ste in. Accordi ng to the docume ntary, Ein ste in had done really 60 _____ at school. I bega n to think that
Ein ste in could 61 ______ , the n I may have a cha nee, too. I did n't want to leave
my job, 62 ________ I decided to go to ni ght school to finish high school. Two
years later, I went to a 63 ________ uni versity.
I've ofte n thought I should con tact the 64 ________ the Ein ste in
docume ntary
and 65 __________ him. As for the biology teacher, I might con tact her, too,
one day - but not to tha nk her!
实战练习
（1 ）
well , soft, sec ond, better, may, stron gly, afraid, sand , stay up, if, now, house We can' stop an earthquake（地震）,but we can do things to make sure they don 'destroy（毁坏）whole cities. First, it is not a 1 . ______ idea to build houses along lines where 2. ________ of the earthsplates（板块）join together. Secon d, if you think there 3. _______ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. _______ . Third, you must make the houses as 5. ________ as possible. Weak build ings will fall dow n in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. ______ ..
Scie ntists are 7. _______ that one day an eve n bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco（旧金山）.They call it “The Big One ” However, people today are still build ing more 8. _____________ . The populati on in and around
San Fran cisco is 9. _______ t en times more tha n it was in 1906. This means that 10. _______ there is ano ther earthquake, a great many houses and build ings will be destroyed.
（2011四川宜宾）第二节：选词填空。（共8个小题，每小题1分，计8分）从下面方框中选出8个单词，用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺。（每词限用一次）
big family and a stro ng dog. His farm is small 76 he is ofte n free in win ter. So he goes to a city and finds work there.
Once he stayed in a city for two 77 . When New Year was coming, he went back home to see his wife and his childre n. On his way home, somethi ng was 78 with his eyes. When he knocked on the door, his dog 79 out and was not friendly to him. His wife hurried to drive it away. The next morning he went to see a doctor. The doctor looked over his eyes 80 and gave him some 81 . Before he left, he told the doctor about his dog. Whe n he heard this, the doctor bega n to laugh and said, Maybe somethi ng is wrong with your dog 'eyes, too.”
Whe n Mr. Shute got home, he told his wife about it. The woma n said, l"m afraid it 'true. If a thief comes into our house, it won ' see him and he 'steal 82 here.”
Mr. Shute thought his wife was right. He then made his dog 83 his medicine in stead.
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