《英语语言学》概论总习题
第一套复习试卷
I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)
1. John Dryden called ______ the father of English poetry.
A. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. Edmund Spencer
C. John Milton
D. John Donne
2. ______ is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.
A. Beowulf
B. The Canterbury Tales
C. Don Juan
D. Paradise Lost
3. The Merchant of Venice is a ________.
A. tragedy
B. comedy
C. history play
D. tragicomedy
4. Hamlet faces the dilemma between ______.
A. action and mind
B. dream and reality
C. money and power
D. hate and love
5. John Milton’s masterpiece is his ______.
A. Paradise Lost
B. Paradise Regained
C. Samson Agonistes
D. Areopagitica
6. Robert Frost is a regional poet in the sense that his poems depict mostly ______.
A. the frontier life
B. The sea adventures
C. the Puritan community
D. New England landscape
7. The novel ________ is not written by Henry James.
A. The Ambassadors
B. The Wings of the Dove
C. The Bostonians
D. The Mysterious Stranger
8. In the 1920s decade, O’Neill established an international reputation with such plays as ______.
A. The Emperor Jones
B. Anna Christie
C. The Hairy Ape
D. all of the above
9. Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of the Jazz Age, in which he shows a particular interest in ______ society.
A. the middle-class
B. the upper-class
C. the lower-middle-class
D. the working-class
10. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include ______, symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.
A. impressionism
B. expressionism
C. multiple points of view
D. first person point of view
11. The following are Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies except __________.
A. Hamlet
B. Othello
C. Twelfth Night
D. King Lear
12. __________ is a novella about a young American girl who gets “killed” by the winter in Rome, and it brought Henry James international fame for the first time.
A. The American
B. The Europeans
C. Daisy Miller
D. The Portrait of A lady
13. John Donne is the leading figure of ________.
A. Lake Poets
B. Graveyard School
C. Satanic Poets
D. Metaphysical School
14. In Jane Austen’s novels, life and human nature are exposed __________________.
A. at moments of crisis
B. during the battles
C. in the most trivial incidents of everyday
D. through the traveling
15. The following writers were awarded Nobel Prize for literature except ________.
A. William Faulkner
B. F. Scott Fitzgerald
C. John Steinbeck
D. Ernest Hemingway
II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase. (30 points, 2points each)
16. Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _________, a great poem of its age.
17. Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected _________ and made it the principle medium of English drama.
18. As a lexicographer, Samuel Johnson distinguished himself as the author of the first English dictionary by an Englishman: _________, a gigantic task which Johnson undertook single-handedly and finished in over seven years.
19. Pope’s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic poem written in _________.
20. _________ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.
21. Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories. This particular concern about the local character of a region came about as _____________, a unique variation of American literary realism.
22. Pound was the leader of a new movement in Poetry which he called “_________” movement.
23. Dreiser broke away form the genteel tradition of literature and dramatized the life in a very _________ way
24. One of the most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human _________, especially as an explanation of sexual desire.
25. Two major figures of black fiction in America are ________ and Ralph Ellison.
26. Apart from Darwinism, the two thinkers whose ideas had the greatest impact on the
Modernism period were the German ________ and the Austrian Sigmund Freud.
27. With the Norman Conquest starts the ________ Period in English Literature.
28. Emily Bronte’s masterpiece is ___________
29.Ulysses gives an account of man’s life during one day in ________
30. In the mid-1950s and early 1960s, there appeared a group of young novelists and playwrights
with lower-middle-class or working class background, they demonstrated a particular disillusion over the depressing situation in Britain and launched a bitter protest against the outmoded social and political values in their society. They were known as “_______________”.
III. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it. (18 points, 6 points each)
31“Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”
32. His father picked the baby up and slapped it to make it breathe and handed it to the old woman.
“See, it’s a boy, Nick,” he said. “How do you like being an internee?”
Nick said, “All right.” He was looking away so as not to see what his father was doing.
33. “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;”
IV. Give brief answers to the following questions. (22 points, 11 points each)
34. Why do we say Hawthorne is a master of symbolism? Give at least two examples of symbols from The Scarlet Letter.
35. Why is Thomas Hardy often regarded as a transitional writer?
第二套复习试卷
I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)
1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.
A.Christian
B.knightly
C.Greek
D.primitive
2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of
___.
A.Piers Plowman
B.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C.Confessio Amantis
D.The Canterbury Tales
3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance Movement?
A.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.
B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.
C.The Glorious revolution.
D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.
4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?
A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.
B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.
C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.
D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.
5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.”The above lines are probably taken from __.
A.Spenser's The Faerie Queene
B.John Donne's “The Sun Rising”
C.Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18”
D.Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”
6.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wife
Which is as dear to me as life itself;
But life itself, My wife, and all the world.
Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;
I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,
Here to the devil, to deliver you.
Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,
If she were by to hear you make the offer.”
The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.
The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.
A.dramatic irony
B.personification
C.allegory
D.symbolism
7.The ture subject of John Donne's poem,“The Sun Rising,”is to ___.
A.attack the sun as an unruly servant
B.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beauty
C.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's private life
D. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie
8.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “___ in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
A.tragic epic
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f74084115.html,ic epic
C.romance
D.lyric epic
9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.
A.horses that are endowed with reason
B.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities
C.giants that are superior in wisdom
D.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.
10.Here are four lines from a literary work:“Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men, for dress.”The work is ___.
A.Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
B.John Milton's Paradise Lost
C.Alexander Pope's Essay on Criticism
D.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream
11.The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils”may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.
A.Gulliver's Travels
B.The Rape of the Lock
C.Robinson Crusoe
D.The pilgrim's Progress
12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.
A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common people
B.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
C.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter
D.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’“Ode on a Grecian Urn”?
A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”
B.“They are both gone up to the church to pray.”
C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.”
D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”.
14.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!”is an epigrammatic line by __.
A.J.Keats
B.W.Blake
C.W.Wordsworth
D.P.B.Shelley
15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn”shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of human passion.
A.glory …ugliness
B.permanence…transience
C.transience…sordidness
D.glory…permanence
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (20 points,)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
16.“Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.”
Questions:
A.Identify the writer and the work.
B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face”mean?
C.What idea does the quoted passage express?
17.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,
When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.
Then how should begin
To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.”
Questions:
A.Identify the poem and the poet.
B.What does the phrase “butt-ends”mean?
C.What idea does the quoted passage express?
Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(30 points in all, 15 for each)
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
18.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory. What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?
19.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought. Who are the two? And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?
Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
20.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism? Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.
第三套复习试卷
I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)
1.In the statement“—oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave?”the term “soul”apparently refers to ___.
A.Heathcliff himself
B.Catherine
C.one's spiritual life
D.one's ghost
2.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.
A.bitter satire
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f74084115.html,rger-than-life caricature
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f74084115.html,tinized diction
D.dramatic monologue
3.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.
A.poetry
B.drama
C.prose
D.epic prose
4.___is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.
A.Jane Eyre
B.Emma
C.Wuthering Heights
D.Middlemarch
5.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f74084115.html,wrence's
B.J.Galsworthy's
C.W.Thackeray’s
D.T.Hardy’s
6.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.
A.Richard Sheridan
B.Oliver Goldsmith
C.Oscar Wilde
D.Bernard Shaw
7.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?
A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.
B.To put the stress on traditional values.
C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.
D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.
8.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the American literary histrory.
A.individual feelings
B.idea of survival of the fittest
C.strong imagination
D.return to nature
9.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.
A.Walden
B.The pioneers
C.Nature
D.Song of Myself
10.The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle”helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.
A.concern with the passage of time
B.expression of transient beauty
C.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beings
D.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life
11.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
A.blank verse
B.heroic couplet
C.free verse
D.iambic pentameter
12.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they ___.
A.speak local dialects
B.are polite and elegant gentlemen
C.are simple and crude farmers
D.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society
13.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in ___.
A.The Scarlet Letter
B.The House of the Seven Gablest
C.The Portrait of a Lady
D.The pioneers
14.“This is my letter to the World”is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about her communication with the outside world.
A.indifference
B.anger
C.anxiety
D.sorrow
15.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A.sentimentalism
B.romanticism
C.realism
D.naturalism
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
16.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what's my name,or who I am.”
Questions:
A.Identify the work and the author.
B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?
C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?
17.“I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.”
Questions:
A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.
B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence”mean?
C.What idea does the quoted passage express?
Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)
18.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from it?
19.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Qversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul”?
Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)
20.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words,and comment on the theme of the novel.
第四套复习试卷
I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)
1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed the ir flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______.
A. Milton's Paradise Lost
B. Marlowe's “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”
C. Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18”
D. John Donne's “The Sun Rising”
2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .
A. poetry and drama
B. drama and novel
C. novel and poetry
D. romance and poetry
3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?
A. Beowulf
B. King Arthur
C. Jesus Christ
D. Jupiter
4.In Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.
A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industry
B. his enterprise went bankrupt
C. Bassanio was able to pay his own debt
D. his ships had all been lost
5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?
A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.
B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.
C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.
D. The speaker meditates on man's salvation.
6. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.
A. heroic couplet
B. quatrain
C. Spenserian stanza
D. terza rima
7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely j oys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.”
The above lines are taken from .
A. Alexander Pope's Essay on Criticism
B. Coleridge's “Kubla Khan”
C. John Donne's “The Sun Rising”
D. Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.
A. persecution
B. improvement
C. prosperity
D. disillusionment
9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.
A. romantic
B. realistic
C. prophetic
D. idealistic
10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.
A. Moll Flanders
B. Gulliver's Travels
C. Pilgrim's Progress
D. The School for Scandal
11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .
The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding's work .
A. Jonathan Wild the Great
B. Tom Jones
C. The Coffe-House Politician
D. Amelia
12. In Sheridan's The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .
A. Charles Surface
B. Joseph Surface
C. Sir Peter Teazle
D. Sir Benjamin Backbite
13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?
A. Robinson Crusoe
B. Gulliver's Travels
C. Jonathan Wild the Great
D. A Sentimental Journey
14. Shelley's masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .
A. the Bible
B. a German legend
C. a Greek play
D. One Thousand and One Nights
15. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a （n）______ of the Bennet family .
A. high opinion
B. great admiration
C. low opinion
D. erroneous view
Ⅱ.Reading comprehension（16 points,4 for each）
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
16. “One short sleep past, we wake eternally,
And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die.“
Questions:
A. Identify the poem and the poet.
B. What does the word “sleep” mean?
C. What idea do the two lines express?
17. “Never did sun more beautifully steep
In his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;
Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!
The river glideth at his own sweet will:
Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;
And all that mighty heart is lying still!“
（William Wordsworth's sonnet: “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802）Questions:
A. What does the word “glideth” in the fourth line mean?
B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the “river”?
C. What idea does the fourth line express?
Ⅲ. Questions and Answers（24 points in all, 6 for each）
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
45. It is said that B. Shaw's play, Mrs. Warren's Profession, has a strong realistic theme, which fully reflects the dramatist's Fabianist idea. Try to summarize this theme briefly.
46. Emily Bronte used a very complicated narrative technique in writing her novel Wuthering Heights. Try to tell Bronte's way of narration briefly.
Ⅳ. Topic Discussion（20 points in all, 10 for each）
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
49. Discuss the possible theme in W.B. Yeats's “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” and how that theme is presented in the poem.
第五套复习试卷
I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)
1. In Byron's poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .
A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemployment
B. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic class
C. descendents of the ancient king ,Lud
D. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class
2. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.
A. comic
B. tragic
C. round
D. sophisticated
3. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.
A. revolutionaries
B. idealists
C. critics
D. defenders
4. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”（Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Catherine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.）The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .
A. Heaven
B. Hades
C. the next world
D. this world
5. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.
A. justice
B. humor
C. morality
D. property
6. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”（Sons and Lovers by https://www.doczj.com/doc/f74084115.html,wrence）From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel's attitude to her husband is ______ .
A. sincerely warm
B. genuinely kind
C. seemingly angry
D. merely contemptuous
7. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.
The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.
A. Eliot's poem The love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
B. Bernard shaw's play Mrs. Warren's Profession
C. Joyce's story Araby
D. Lawrence's story The Horse Dealer's Daughter
8. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James's fiction is noted for his ______.
A. frontier vernacular
B. rich colloquialism
C. vulgarly descriptive words
D. refined elegant language
9. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?
A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.
B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.
C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.
D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.
10. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?
A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.
B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.
C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal “Oversoul.”
D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.“
11. Whitman's poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ .
A. the strict poetic form
B. the free and natural rhythm
C. the easy flow of feelings
D. the simple and conversational language
12. “Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand y ears ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.
A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human history
B. man's desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destruction
C. nature is evil as it was 5000 years ago
D. nature has the ultimate creative power
13. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space ,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”
The above passage is taken from ______.
A. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
B. Cooper's “Leatherstocking Tales”
C. Emerson's “Nature”
D. Dreiser's Sister Carrie
14. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?
A. Stowe's Uncle Ton's Cabin
B. James's The Portrait of a Lady.
C. Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms
D. Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter.
15. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville's Moby-Dick a world classic.
A. narrative power
B. psychological analysis
C. speculative agility
D. optimistic view of life
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (20 points,)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
16. “With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—
Between the light—and me—
And then the Windows failed—and then
I could not see to see—“
Questions:
A. Identify the poem and the poet.
B. What do “Windows” symbolically stand for?
C. What idea does the quoted passage express?
17. “'Is dying hard, Daddy?'
'No, I think it's pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.“'
Questions:
A. Identify the work and the author.
B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?
C. Why did the father add “It all depends” after he answered his son's question?
Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(10 points)
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
18. “In your rocking-chair, by your window dreaming, shall you long, alone. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.” The two sentences are taken from Theodore Dreiser's novel, Sister Carrie. What idea can you draw from the “rocking-chair”?
Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(40 points,20 points for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
19. The literary school of naturalism was quite popular in the late 19th century. What are the major characteristics of naturalism?
20. “My faith is gone!” cried he （Goodman Brown）, after one stupefied moment. “There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For t o thee is this world given.”Comment on this passage from Hawthorne's “Young Goodman Brown”.
社会学概论1 填空题 1、西方社会学创立于19世纪—30-40 —年代。 2、孔德把社会学的研究范围划分为社会静力学和社会动力学两大部分。 3、人类社会以_______ 为主体。 4、文化的特征表现为地域性、—共同性_、历史性和继承性。 5、社会学的研究特点表现为整体性、—综合性—和实证性。 6、韦伯认为社会分层的标准有财富、权力与声望。 7、社会学的主要功能有—描述功能—、解释功能、预测功能、实践功能和教育功能。 &人类 社会的基本构成要素有—自然环境_、人口和文化。 9、社会学重在探索导致越轨行为的________因素。 10、依据群体成员间关系的亲密程度，可以把群体分为—初级群体—和次级群体。 11、家庭是以—婚姻—和血缘、亲缘关系为纽带而形成的社会生活的群体形式。 12、社会组织生存的先决条件是由一定数量的—社会成员—组成。 13、以农业为活动聚集起来的人们的生活共同体称为—农村—社区。 14、犯罪行为的基本特征是社会危害性、—刑事违法性与应受惩罚性。 二、名词解释 1、再社会化个体全面放弃已习得的价值规范和行为标准，确立新的价值规范和行为标准。 2、社会学：是一门把社会做为整体，研究社会的构成及其运行规律的社会科学 3、社会变迁指一个社会的结构性或形态性变化。 4、组织目标 三、辨析题 1、历史唯物主义与社会学都是研究人类社会的科学，它们没有区别。第12 页 ①它们是有区别的。 ②从研究对像来说，历史唯物主义研究的是人类社会发展的一般规律，是人类历史的全部过程社会学着眼于特定时空的社会结构和社会运行过程，研究的是具体规律和特殊规律。 ③从研究方法来说，历史唯物主义采用概括，演绎，推理方法，社会学采用经验研究和分析综合方法。 ④从作用上看，历史唯物主义为人们提供一种科学认识社会历史的方法，社会学是帮助人们直接认识社会及其发展规律，为促进社会发展，解决社会问题提供科学帮助。 2、越轨就是犯罪。 越规并不都是犯罪。它们都是对公认社会规范的违反和背离，但程度与性质有所不同。越规既包括对社会规范和轻度违反，又包括对社会规范的严重违反；犯罪则是严重违反。越规违反的是较低层次的，犯罪违反的是较高层次的。越规通常不受社会强力机构的惩治，犯罪理应受到社会强力机构的惩治。越规往往是犯罪的基础和准备。 四、论述题 1、荀子说，人之生也，不能无群。从社会学角度谈谈你对这句话的理解。生存需要，自身组织和维 护和他人生命的生产都不可能靠一个人完成。 生产需要个人生存的衣食住行等资料就需要生产，生产活动，一开始就是共同性的群体活动。安全需要一个人不能抵御自然环境的危害，人身安全，心理安全，都需要群体。精神上的需要离开群体个人就没有表达交流的对像，精神生活无从发生，心理需要得不到满足 2、联系实际论述同龄群体在人的社会化过程中的作用同龄群体自由组合，自由选择，提高独立意识，增强人际交往能力。同龄群体背景相同，教育相同，易沟通，有益于成员开阔视野，增长知识。同龄群体有自己的行为准则，价值标准，成员以此要求自己，指导自己的行为同龄群体极少强制性，可以自由沟通交流，从中得到安慰和支持。
英语语言学试题（1） I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%) 1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___. A、prescriptive B、sociolinguistic C、descriptive D、psycholinguistic 2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible. A、mouth B、lips C、tongue D、vocal cords 3、The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___. A、bound morpheme B、bound form C、inflectional morpheme D、free morpheme 4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause. A、coordinator B、particle C、preposition D、subordinator 5、"Can I borrow your bike?" _____ "You have a bike." A、is synonymous with B、is inconsistent with C、entails D、presupposes 6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___. A、semantics B、pragmatics C、sociolinguistics D、psycholinguistics 7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization. A、elaboration B、simplification C、external borrowing D、internal borrowing 8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication. A、Lingua franca B、Creole C、Pidgin D、Standard language 9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ . A、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrus B、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortex C、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neurons D、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area 10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A、learning B、competence C、performance D、acquisition II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10%) 11、Chomsky defines "competence" as the ideal user's k_______ of the rules of his language. 12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b______ . 13、M_______ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 14、A s______ is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a complete statement, question or command. 15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances are called c______ synonyms. 16、The illocutionary point of r_____ is to commit the speaker to something's being the case, to the truth of what has been said. 17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c______.
社会学复习内容 名词解释 一： ①社会角色： 定义一：社会学意义上的社会角色是指，有人的互动行为所表现的特定社会地位、身份所决定的一整套权利、义务的规范和模式行为，既指人们对具有特定地位和身份的人的行为的一种期望，也包括人们的相应行为，是构成社会群体和社会组织的基础并随着社会实践的发展而不断更新内容。 定义二：指与人们的社会地位、身份相一致的一整套权利义务的规范与行为模式，它是人们对具有特定身份的人们的行为期望，它是构成社会群体或组织的基础 定义三：指个人在社会关系位置上的行为模式，它规定着一个人活动的范围和权利义务，是社会对处于特定地位的人的行为期待。 ②文化堕距：文化堕距：即文化滞后。由于社会的非物质文化往往慢于物质文化而变迁，正是由于两者的不同步，从而产生了差距。 ③社会制度：人们在共同体的生活中形成的、指导人们的社会活动的稳定的规范体系。社会制度包括政治法律制度、经济制度和思想文化制度等，这体现在对传播的控制方面即为传播制度。 ④社区：指聚居在一定地域范围内的人们所组成的生活共同体 二： ①集合行为：是指人数众多的自发的无组织行为，又称集体行为或“大众行为” ②社会解组： 定义一：社会规范和制度对社会成员的约束力减弱、社会凝聚力降低的一种社会状态。当社会发生急剧变迁时，旧的规范不适用了，新的规范又未建立起来，或某些规范功能发挥受到阻碍，或几种规范体系互相冲突，人们失去了行为准则，于是发生社会解组。 定义二：因为社会变迁，社会各组成部分之间联系微弱或者不协调，社会行为规范对社会成员失去约束，从而社会的组织程度低，以及处于无组织状态的现象。社会解组有三种形式：一是失范，二是文化冲突，三是价值崩溃。因此需要重建社会规范和秩序 ③社会流动： 定义一：指一个自然人因着本身的个人成就或失败，从而达至社会阶层的转变。它是社会结构自我调节的机制之一。 定义二：指社会成员在社会关系的空间中从一个地位向另一个地位移动。因此，社会流动被人们看作是社会变迁的指示器。 ④交换理论： 定义一：产生于50年代末的美国，交换理论最初是针对结构功能主义提出，在理论和方法上具有实证主义、自然主义和心理还原主义的倾向。基本研究范畴和概念包括价值、最优原则、投资、奖励、代价、公平和正义等。
如果没找到答案，请关注gzh：音速校园。免费搜题！！！ 1. 单选题 In 2012, the top 5 agricultural commodities of America are ( ), cattle, soybeans, dairy products and chickens for meat.（分） Corn 2. 单选题 The Panama Canal was finally built by a ( ) consortium.（分） America 3. 单选题 Washington, Jefferson, () and Lincoln's faces are made on the Mount Rushmore.( )（分） Roosevelt 4. 单选题 The most popular pets in America is ( ).（分） Cat 5. 单选题 Berlin Wall was ended in ( ).（分） 1989 6. 单选题 In China, the life expectancy is ( ) years.（分） 75 7. 单选题 There were ( ) Chief Justice in the Supreme Court.（分） 1 8. 单选题 In American football, the boy who throws the ball is called ( ).（分） 没搜到哦~ 9. 单选题 The first three ethnic groups in the USA are ( ).（分）
I. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only. 1. Clear ［1］and dark [?] are allophones of the same one phoneme /1/.They never take the same position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c omplementary distribution. (P24) 2. M orphology is the smallest meaningful unit of language. (P32) 3. Consonant sounds can be either?voiceless or voiced, while all v owel sounds are voiced. (P16) 4. In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the C ooperative?principle proposed by J. Grice. (P86-87) 5.??Language exists in time and changes through time. The description of a language at some point of time is called a s ynchronic study of language. (P4) 6.?An essential difference between consonants and vowels is whether the air coming up from the lungs meets with any o bstruction when a sound is produced. (P18) 7.?XP may contain more than just X. For example, the NP “the boy who likes this puppy” consists of Det, N and S, with Det being the s pecifier, N the head and S the complement. (P46) 9.??While the meaning of a sentence is abstract and decontextualized, that of an u tterance is concrete and context-dependent. (P70) 11. P sycholinguistics relates the study of language to psychology. It aims to answer such questions as how the human mind works when people use language. (P70) 12. A d iachronic study of language is a historical study, it studies the historical development of language over a period of time. (P70) 13. Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures, or two levels. At the lower level, there is a structure of meaningless sounds, which can be combined into a large number of meaningful units at the higher level. This design feature is called d uality. (P70) 14. The articulatory apparatus of a human being is contained in three important areas: the pharyngeal cavity, the o ral cavity and the nasal cavity. (P15) 16. S uprasegmental features such as stress, tone and intonation can influence the interpretation of meaning. (P70) 18. H omonymy refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings are identical in sound or spelling, or in both. (P70) 19. The three branches of phonetics are labeled as a rticulatory phonetics, auditory phonetics and acoustic phonetics respectively. (P15)
... 一、单项选择题 1、“社会学”这个词首先是在（C）第四卷中提出来的。C．《实证哲学教程》 2、“社会学”一词在中国流行，开始于（ B ）翻译出版日本学者岸本能武太的《社 会学》一书（ 1902 年）。 B 章太炎 3、首先提出实证主义方法论的是（C） C 孔德 4、进一步论证和补充实证主义方法论，并引进了生物进化的观点的是（C） C 斯宾塞 5、严复将斯宾塞的（ C）译作〈〈群学肄言〉〉。C 社会学研究 6、 19 世纪末 20 世纪初，社会学中心由欧洲转移到（ D ），得到迅速和持续的发展。 D 美 国 7、社会学的形成时期为（B） B。 19 世纪末 20 世纪初 8、中国社会学者独立进行的社会调查始于1923 年（ B）指导学生对民众生活费用的调查。 B陈达 9、 1913 年，美籍教授首先在中国教会学校（C）创办了社会学系。 C 上海浸洗学院 10．“人生在世，吃穿二字”的人生观是哪种人生观（A） A 享乐主义 11、第二次断乳是指青少年（ B ） B 心理上脱离各方面的监护 12、随着科学技术的发展，人们需要重新走进课堂，拿起书本，这种现象是（ D ） D 继续 社会化 13、在研究个人社会化的各个角度中，下列哪个角度研究历史最悠久，影响最深远（ D ）D 气候的角度 14、弱智儿童教育，也称（B） B 再社会化 15、一个人同时担当了几种角色，对个人的期待发生了矛盾，难以协调，这种现象称为（C）C．角色中断 16 广义社会群体的观点是由（ C ）最早提出来到。Ｃ、滕尼斯 17、构成群体的最低限度的人数是（ B ）Ｂ、两人以上 18、（ B）是人类历史上第一种家庭形态。Ｂ、血缘家庭 19（ C）指成员在心理上自觉认同并归属其中的群体Ｃ、内群体 20、家庭的本质关系是（A）Ａ、婚姻关系 21 社会分层最初的历史动因是：（ B）。 B 、社会分工。。 22 提出三位一体的分层理论的学者是：（ B）。 B、韦伯。 23 社会流动的概念最早的提出者是美国社会学家：（ A ） A、索罗金。 24 社会引起社会流动的根本原因是：（C）。 C、社会生产力的发展。 25 现代社会的不平等主要是指：（ D） D、事实不平等。 26 在阶级社会中，最根本的社会分层是：（ B） B 阶级分层。 27 奴隶社会和封建社会的社会分层的特点是：（A ） A 、等级制。 28。社会流动的实质是：（ A ） A 个人社会关系的改变。 29 最先使用“社区”一词的是德国社会学家（ B） B 滕尼斯 30 中国城乡发展的理想目标是（ D） D 城乡协调发展 31 在许多发达国家，出现了大城市居民向小城镇或农村迁移的现象，这种现象被称为（ B ） B 逆城市化 32 现阶段我国城市化道路所采取的基本方针是（C） C 控制大城市的规模，合理发展中等 城市，积极发展小城市 33 风俗、习惯、道德等在一般情况下只能称为＿＿B＿＿，而不能称为社会制度。B、社
模拟试题一 一、名词解释(本题共4小题,每小题2分,共8分) 1.废品损失 2.直接生产费用 3.制造费用 4.成本的经济实质 二、判断说明题(正确的画“√”,错误的画“×”,并说明理由)(本题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分) 1.采用平行结转分步法,半成品成本的结转与半成品实物的转移是一致的。 2.采用简化的分批法,必须设立基本生产成本二级账。 3.不可修复废品是指不能修复,或者此类废品的修复费用在经济上不合算的废品。 4.直接借记“基本生产成本”科目的费用,都必须是专设成本项目的直接生产费用,但不一定都能直接计入产品成本。 5.生产费用按计入产品成本的方法分类,分为直接生产费用和间接生产费用。 6.分类法的成本计算对象是产品的类别,这种方法只适用于生产的产品品种、规格繁多,且能按一定标准分类的企业。 7.专设成本项目的生产费用都是直接生产费用。 8.直接分配法是将辅助生产费用直接分配给所有受益单位的一种辅助生产费用分配方法。 9.在产品按定额成本计价法,适用于定额管理基础较好,各项消耗(费用)定额比较稳定、准确,各月在产品数量变化较大的产品。 10.比较分析法只适用于同质指标的数量对比。 三、单项选择题(本题共12小题,每小题1分,共12分) 1.区分各种成本计算基本方法的主要标志是( )。 A.成本计算日期 B.成本计算对象 C.间接费用的分配方法 D.完工产品与在产品之间分配费用的方法 2.在采用品种法计算产品成本的企业或车间中,如果只生产一种产品,发生的生产费用( )。 A.全部都是直接计入费用 B.全部都是间接计入费用 C.全部费用都是直接生产费用 D.有直接计入费用也有间接计入费用 3.完工产品与在产品之间分配费用的不计算在产品成本法适用于( )。 A.各月末在产品数量变化很小 B.各月末在产品数量很大 C.各月末没有在产品 D.各月末在产品数量很小 4.下列各种方法中,属于制造费用分配方法的是( )。 A.年度计划分配率分配法 B.直接分配法 C.定额比例法 D.按计划成本分配法 5.生产费用按其与生产工艺过程的关系分类,可以分为( )。 A.直接计入费用和间接计入费用 B.直接生产费用和间接生产费用 C.变动费用和固定费用 D.直接生产费用和间接计入费用 6.在辅助生产费用的各种分配方法中,分配结果最准确的方法是( )。 A.计划分配法 B.代数分配法 C.交互分配法 D.顺序分配法 7.下列产品成本计算方法中,属于辅助方法的是( )。
1.1Western Names 1【单选题】 In the format of western names,which name is put first?( ) A、Family name B、Last name C、Surname D、First name 我的答案：D 2【单选题】 Bill is the short version of ( ). A、William B、Steven C、Robert D、Richard 我的答案：A 3【判断题】 There is only one given name in western name.( ) 我的答案：× 1.2What is Culture 1【单选题】 Culture is the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society. A、traditions B、habits C、customs D、costumes 我的答案：C 2【单选题】 Which one is not the key aspect of Chinese culture?( ) A、Chinese food B、Spring Festivel C、Chinese medicine D、Football 我的答案：D 3【判断题】 Chinese culture is better than American culture.( ) 我的答案：× 2Geography of the USA
1【单选题】 ( ) and Hawaii are seperated from American mainland. A、Colorado B、Indiana C、Alabama D、Alaska 我的答案：D 2【单选题】 Which is the largest states by population?( ) A、Texas B、New York C、California D、Florida 我的答案：C 3【判断题】 Boston is on the West Coast of America.( ) 我的答案：× 2.2Three Icons of America 1【单选题】 Why is Yellowstone National Park important?( ) A、Because it is the first national park in the world. B、Because it is in America. C、Because it is the biggest national park in America. D、Because it is the first national park in America. 我的答案：A 2【单选题】 Washington, Jefferson, () and Lincoln's faces are made on the Mount Rushmore.( ) A、Madison B、Roosevelt C、Kennedy D、Adams 我的答案：B 3【单选题】 Which country provided the Statue of Liberty to America?( ) A、The United Kingdom B、Canada C、Australia D、France 我的答案：D
Ⅰ. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False: 1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 2. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general. 3. A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks. 4. In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts. 5. General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole. 6. General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other are as, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and me thods applicable in any linguistic study. 7. Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication. 8. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaning ful sentences. 9. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to fo rm words is called morphology. 10. Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not only st udies the morphemes, but also the combination of morphemes into words and words into sentences. 11. The study of meaning in language is known as semantics. 12. Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings. 13. Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies
《社会学概论》复习资料 基本题型包括：单项选择题，多项选择题，简答题，名词解释，论述题等，考试题型任选四种。 复习依据：《社会学概论》学习指导书，各题答案均以指导书给出的为准 一、单选题请参见学习指导书各章内容 1．本世纪40-50年代，西方社会学界盛行的社会变迁理论是（C ） A．“生物有机体”说B．社会进化论 C．社会均衡论D．“文化类型”说 2．社会是从简单到复杂，由低级到高级的直线式发展”。这是社会变迁哪种理论的观点（A ） A．社会进化论B．历史循环论C．社会均衡论D．历史三阶段说 3．一位工厂的工程师调到大学里任教师，这种流动称作（D ） A．个人流动B．代内流动C．向上流动D．水平流动4．社会保险是（ B ） A．社会救助B．社会保障的一项内容C．社会福利D．人身、人寿保险 5．（C ）问题成为世界性的问题，引起世界的高度重视。 A．人口问题B．失业问题C．环境问题D．贫穷问题 6．对贫穷问题更具有操作性和描述性的解释是（A） A．经济学定义B．政治学定义C．社会文化的定义D．环境学定义 7．把越轨行为的原因归结为社会结构各部分之间的不整合、不一致，这是哪种越轨行为理论（B ） A．社会失范论B．标签论C．亚文化群体论D．弗洛伊德的人格理论 8．手段－目的论认为人们的五种行为方式中，“只认同文化目标，但不遵从制度化手段”。此是（ B ） A．逃避行为B．形式主义C．创新D．反叛９．“不同社会成员或社会团体为了各自获得同一目标而进行的相互作用方式”指（B ） A．冲突B．竞争C．合作D．顺应１０．一位教师与学生、校长、图书馆员、校医院人员等人建立不同的角色关系，叫做（B ） A．复式角色B．角色丛C．实际角色D．自致角色 11．社会组织与外部环境的关系是（A ） A．交换关系B．索取关系C．对立关系D．奉献关系 12．在许多发达国家，出现了的大城市居民向小城镇或农村迁移的现象，这种现象被称为（C ） A．过度城市化B．逆城市化C．郊区化D．城乡融合 13．整合作用是指（C ） A．一个社会的整体作用B．将各部分合在一起C．各部分协调成一个整体D．一个社会的稳定 14．有人借改革，假公济私，所谓“你有政策，我有对策”，这种现象我们称之为（C ） A．制度化优先B．制度化冲突C．制度化逃避
《成本会计学》复习题 一、判断题（下列各题，你认为正确的，请在题干的括号内打“√”，错的打“×”。） 1、凡是数额较大的费用，均应作为待摊费用，分期摊销。………………（） 2、固定资产折旧费是产品成本的组成部分，应全部计入产品成本。……（） 3、生产工时、生产工资、机器工时、原材料消耗量是间接费用定额类的分配标准。……（） 4、成本报表是不对外编报的。……………………………………………（） 5、制造业的生产按工艺过程分为单步骤和多步骤两种类型。…………（） 6、逐步结转分步法可分为平行结转和综合结转两种。…………………（） 7、采用交互分配法分配辅助生产费用不利于分清内部经济责任。……（） 8、购入材料的节约额应记入“材料成本差异”账户的借方。…………（） 9、要科学地组织成本会计工作，必须制定和执行有关法规制度。………（） 10、计算在产品完工率应考虑在产品结存数。……………………………（） 11、采用约当产量法计算在产品成本时，如果原材料不是在开始生产时一次投入， 而是随加工进度陆续投入的，其投料程度与其加工进度完全一致，则计算材料费用和加工费用的约当产量应是一致的。…（） 12、采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，也应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。………………………………………………（） 13、采用逐步结转分步法计算产品成本时，各步骤的费用由两部分组成，一部分是本步骤发生的费用，另一部分是上一步骤转入的半成品成本。…（） 14、综合结转分步法能够提供各个生产步骤的半成品成本资料。………（） 15、按年度计划分配率分配制造费用，特别适用于季节性生产企业，同时要求有较高的计划工作水平。………………………………………………（） 16、小批单件生产的企业、其成本计算方法应采用品种法。…………（） 17、采用平行结转分步法各步半成品成本不随半成品实物转移。……（） 18、成本还原对象是最后步骤的产成品成本。……………………………（） 19、期间费用应计入当期损益。…………………………………………（） 20、完工产品与在产品成本的分配方法，可采用在产品成本按年初数固定计算法。………（） 21、某些数额较大的费用，视情况也可不作为待摊费用，分期摊销。…（） 22、固定资产折旧费是产品成本的组成部分，但并非全部计入成品成本。…………………（） 23、生产工时、生产工资、机器工时、原材料消耗量是间接费用消耗类的分配标准。……（） 24、成本报表同样也对外编报的。…………………………………………（） 25、制造业的生产按工艺过程分为单步骤、双步骤和多步骤三种类型。（） 26、采用分项结转分步法不需进行成本还原。…………………………（） 27、采用交互分配法分配辅助生产费用有利于分清内部经济责任。……（） 28、购入材料的节约额应记入“材料成本差异”账户的贷方。…………（） 29、计算在产品完工率不应考虑在产品结存数。…………………………（） 30、各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，可以不计算月末在产品成本。（） 31、综合结转分步法能够提供各个生产步骤的半成品成本资料。……（） 32、采用代数分配法分配辅助生产费用，特别适用于季节性生产企业，同时要求有较高计划工作水平。…………………………………………………（） 33、企业成本报表与其财务报表一样，应定期编制和对外公布。………（） 34、工资费用并不都是计入产品成本的。………………………………（）
1、In the format of western names,which name is put first?( ) ?A、Family name ?B、Last name ?C、Surname ?D、First name 正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分 2 Bill is the short version of ( ). ?A、William ?B、Steven ?C、Robert ?D、Richard 正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：33.3分 3 There is only one given name in western name.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：× Which one is not the key aspect of Chinese culture?( ) ?A、Chinese food ?B、Spring Festivel ?C、Chinese medicine ?D、Football 正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：33.3分 4 Culture is the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society. ?A、traditions ?B、habits ?C、customs ?D、costumes 正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：33.3分
Chinese culture is better than American culture.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：× Topography of the USA已完成成绩：100.0分 6 ( ) and Hawaii are seperated from American mainland. ?A、Colorado ?B、Indiana ?C、Alabama ?D、Alaska 正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：25.0分 7 The two significant mountain ranges of American are ( ) and Appalachian Mountains. ?A、Rocky Mountains ?B、Andes Mountains ?C、Alps Mountains ?D、Atlas Mountains 正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：25.0分 8 Which is the largest states by population?( ) ?A、Texas ?B、New York ?C、California ?D、Florida 正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：25.0分 9 Boston is on the West Coast of America.( ) 正确答案：×我的答案：× Three icons of America已完成成绩：33.3分
英语语言学练习题 Supplementary exercises Chapter 1 Introduction Ⅰ. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False: 1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 2. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general. 3. A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks. 4. In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts. 5. General linguistics is generally the st udy of language as a whole. 6. General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study. 7. Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication. 8. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences. 9. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is calle d morphology. 10. Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not only studies the morphemes, but also the combination of morphemes into words and words into sentences. 11. The study of meaning in language is known as semantics. 12. Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings. 13. Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context. 14. Social changes can often bring about language changes. 15. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. 16. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. 17. Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar. 18. A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 19. Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language. 20. The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure. Ⅱ. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the lette r given: 21. Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user’s k__________ of the rules of his language. 22. Langue refers to the a__________ linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech communi t y while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules. 23. D_________ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units. 24. Language is a system of a_________ vocal symbols used for human communication. 25. The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s________. 26. Human capacity for language has a g_______ basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned. 27. P _______ refers to the realization of langue in actual use.