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成人高考语文模拟试题

成人高考语文模拟试题
成人高考语文模拟试题

综合测试(一)

一、(18分,每小题3分)

1、下列词语中加点字的读音完全相同的一组是

A.

B.曲线

..大曲

..是非曲直

..曲.意逢迎

C.落款

..落枕

..光明磊落

....丢三落四

....

D.供给

..口供

..仅供参考

....供认不讳

....

2、下列词语中没有

..错别字的一组是

A.精粹矍铄再所部惜人情世故

B.部署好像金碧辉煌细水常流

C.梳妆赋与人才辈出破涕为笑

D.坐落针砭山清水秀各行其是

3、依次填入下列句子横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是

①这几个月,他一直深入矿区体验生活,终于写出了这部人人都______的好作品。

②经过努力,我国已完成SARS疫苗的研究,即将进入临床______。

③北京市西部和北部是连绵不断的群山,东南为一片_______低缓的平原。

A.夸耀实验逐步 B.夸奖试验逐渐

C.夸奖实验逐步 D.夸耀试验逐渐4.下列各句中加点的成语使用不正确的一项是

A.在党和政府的关怀下,养老院的老人们饱.食终日

...,过着幸福的日子。

B.汽车在神农架山区奔驰,只见厅峰异岭扑面而来,令人目不

..

睱接

..。

C.本来还不错的一篇文章,让你们这样改来改去,反而改得不.

三不四

...了。

D.第28届奥运会女排决赛,失利后的俄罗斯队的姑娘们黯然神

...伤.。

5.下列句子有语病的一项是

A.建立健全义务教育学校老师和校长流动机制,是国家中长期教育改革的一个目标。

B.近年来随着全国气候变暖,深藏于滇西群山中的程海湖的蒸发量也逐渐增大。

C.我国将展开大规模的麻疹疫苗强化免疫,未来几年内可建成有效的免疫屏障。

D.在雅典奥运会上扬我国威的体育健儿抵达首都机场后,受到各界人士的热烈欢迎。

6.填入下面横线处,表达效果最好的一项是

中外古今的诗人,常喜欢将珍珠与眼泪相比。阿拉伯的诗人说,牡蛎在海滩上赏月,天使的一滴眼泪,刚巧滴落在它心上,_________。

A.就像一颗晶莹的珍珠 B. 变成了一颗晶莹的珍珠C.就是一颗晶莹的珍珠 D. 俨然是一颗晶莹的珍珠二、(12分,每小题3分)

阅读下面的现代文,完成7~10题。

光是生命活动所必需的刺激信号,而有仅是能量的来源。由于光的作用,人和许多动物才能感觉到自然界的千姿百态和绚丽多彩,才能具有空间定向与时间定位本领,从而与生存环境保持统一。

光作为刺激信号与生命发生的最为密切的关系,莫过于视觉的形成。人从外界环境获得的信息有80%以上来自眼睛。但是,只有眼睛还不能形成视觉,必须有光作为刺激信号并与眼睛接收与加工光信号的机构相配合才能形成视觉。视网膜上的光感受细胞对光产生反应,把光所携带的景物信息转换为神经电信号,经加工后传到大脑,再经脑的综合分析产生视觉,这才能看到环境景物。

光运动也是光作为一种信号对生命活动发生作用的一个重要方面。所谓光运动,就是那些由光调节的、生物体的整体或某一部分发生空间位移的行为反应。光运动使生物体具有了空间定向本领。多细胞植物虽然不能有来去自由的运动,但它们可表现出弯曲、扭转等运动现象,而这些运动往往受着光照的控制。若光的作用只是触发这类运动,则称为感光性。要是光的方向决定了运动方向,就称为向光性。具有光合作用的植物,向光性突出表现在把叶面转向太阳光的入射方向。生物对于光的刺激产生定向运动,称为趋光性。这些生物要在光源与背景之间,不同强度的光源之间选择运动方向。朝向光刺激的运动反应叫正趋光性,背向光刺激的运动反应叫负趋光性。

地球的自转和公转,产生了昼夜和季节的变化。生活在地球上的生物,是在这种光照的周期性变化环境中进化而来的,因而适应了环境,产生了生命活动的内在节奏性。生物体内与环境的周期变化相对应的周期性变动,称为生物节律,它是生物体对环境周期性变化的反应。造成生物节律现象并使之得以维持的内部机制称为生物钟,生物钟的存在使生物体具有了时间定位本领。一个具有某种生物钟的动物,如果被迅速转移到环境周期不再与动物节律同步的地点,则生物钟还能按与原来环境周期同步的节律继续作用一段时间。

7.对第一段中“光是生命活动所必需的刺激信号”的理解,不正

..确.的一项是

A.因为光是生命能量的来源

B.因为光给人和动物以视觉

C.因为光给生物以空间定向本领

D.因为光给生物以时间定位本领

8.下面对第二段“视觉的形成”的理解,不正确

...的一项是A.眼睛为视觉的形成提供了物质基础

B.光信号为视觉的形成提供了外部信息

C.视网膜的作用是接收、转换和加工信息

D.大脑的作用是看到环境景物

9.对第三段中生物光运动的理解,正确的一项是

A.光运动指光在生物体中的运动

B.多细胞植物不存在光运动问题

C.向光性是植物追随阳光的表现

D.趋光性是生物依附阳光的表现

10.对第四段中生物钟的理解,正确的一项是

A.生物钟是生物的内在节律系统

B.生物钟与光照的变化毫无关系

C.生物钟与生物的空间定向有关

D.生物钟不因环境的变化而变化

三、(25分)

阅读下面的现代文,完成11~15题。

什么叫做联想呢?联想就是见到甲而想到乙。甲唤起乙的联想通常不外乎两种原因:或是甲和乙在性质上相类似,例如看到春光想起少年,看到菊花想到调节之士;或是甲和乙在经验上曾相接近,例如看到扇子想起荧火虫,走到赤壁想起曹孟德或苏东坡。类似联想和接近布设时混在一起,“记得绿罗裙,处处怜芳草”两句词就是很好的例子。词中主人何以“记得绿罗裙”呢?因为罗裙和他的欢爱者相_______;他何以“处处怜芳草”呢?因为芳草和罗裙的颜色相________。

意识在活动就是联想进行,我们差不多时时刻刻都在联想。听到声音知道说话的是谁,见到一个词知道它的意义,都是起于联想作用。联想是以旧经验诠释新经验,如果没有它,知觉、记忆和想象都不能发生,因为它们都得根据过去的经验。由此可知联想的作用广泛。联想有时可用意志控制,作文构思时或追忆一时记不起的过去经验时,都是勉强把联想挤到一条路上去走。但是在大多数情境之中,联想是自由的,无意的,飘忽不定的。听课读书时本想专心,而打球、散步、吃饭种种意象总是不由自主地闯进脑里来,失眠时越怕胡思乱想,越禁止不住胡思乱想。这种自由联想好比水流湿,火就燥,稍有勾搭,即被牵绊,未登九天,已入黄泉。由此可知联想的散漫飘忽。

联想的性质如此。多数人觉得一件事物美时,都是因为它能唤起甜美的联想。

在音乐方面,联想的势力更大。多数人在听音乐时,除了联想到许多美丽的意象之外,便别无所得。他们欢喜这个调子,因为它使他们想起清风明月;不欢喜那个调子,因为它唤醒他们以往的悲痛的记忆。钟子期何以负知音的雅名?因他听伯牙弹琴时,惊叹说:“善哉!峨峨兮若泰山,洋洋兮若江河。”李颀在胡笳声中听到什么?他听到的是“空山百鸟散还合,万里浮云阴且晴。”白乐天在琵琶声中听到什么?他听到的是“银瓶乍破水浆迸,铁骑突出刀枪鸣。”苏东坡怎样形容洞箫声?他说:“其声呜呜然,如怨如慕,如泣如诉,余音袅袅,不绝如缕。舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇。”这些数不尽的例子都可以证明多数人欣赏音乐,是欣赏它所唤起的联想。

就广义说,联想是知觉和想象的基础,艺术创造不能离开知觉和想象,因此就不能离开联想。但是我们通常所谓联想,是指由甲而乙,由乙而丙,辗转不止的乱想。就这个普通的意义说,联想是妨碍美感的。美感起于直觉,不带思考,联想却不免带有思考。在美感经验中我们聚精会神于一个孤立绝缘的意象上面,联想则最易使精神涣散,注意力不专一,使心思由美感的意象到许多无关美感的事物上面去。在审美时我看到芳草就一心一意地领略芳草的情趣;在联想时我看到芳草就想到了罗裙,又想到穿罗裙的美人,既想到穿罗裙的美人,心思就已不复在芳草了。

联想大半是偶然的。比如说,一幅画的内容是“西湖秋月”,如果观者都不聚精会神于画的本身而任意联想,则甲可以联想到雷峰塔,乙可以联想到往日周游西湖的美人。这些联想纵然有时能提高观者对于这幅画的好感,画本身的美却未必因此而增加,而画所引起的美感则反因精神涣散而减少。

11.根据第一段的文意,依次填入横线处的应该是哪两个词语?(4分)

12.第三段开头“联想的性质如此”是对上文的总结,请从第二段中找出联想性质的两个方面。(每个方面不超过四个字)(6分)

13.第四段中的“空册百鸟散还合,万里浮云阴且晴”、“银瓶乍破水浆迸,铁骑突出刀枪鸣”,都是诗人通过联想对音乐的描绘,但前者突出的是________感受,后者突出的是________感受。(6分)

14.在第五段中,作者一方面认为艺术创造离不开联想,一方面又说联想是妨碍美感的,这是否矛盾?理由是什么?(4分)15.作者在文章最后一段,通过举例意在说明“联想大半是偶然的”,请你也举个和艺术作品相关的例子,证明这一观点。(5分)四、(25分)

阅读下面的文言文,完成16~18题。

卫懿公好禽,见觗①牛而悦之,禄其牧人如中士。宁子谏曰:“不可。牛之用在耕,不在觗。觗其牛,耕必废。耕,国之本也,其可废乎?臣闻之,君人者不以欲妨民。”弗听。于是卫牛之觗者,贾十倍于耕牛,牧牛者皆释耕而教觗,家官强能禁。邶②有马,生驹不能走而善鸣,公又悦而纳诸厩。宁子曰:“是妖也,君不司,国必亡。夫马,齐力者也;鸣,非其事也。邦君为天牧民,设官分职,以任其事,废事失职,阙③有常刑,故非事之事,君不举焉,杜其源也。妖之兴也,人实召之,自今以往,卫国必多不耕之夫,不织之妇矣。君必悔之。”又弗听,明年,狄④伐卫。卫侯将登车,而御失其弓辔;将战,士皆不能执弓矢,遂败于荣泽,灭懿公。

【注】①觗(dǐ):碰撞,相触。②邶(běi):周代诸侯国,在今河南汤阴县南。③阙jué):犹“乃”。④狄(dǐ):我国古代北方民族名。

16.把文中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(6分)

17.春秋时期,耕战是立国之本。从全文看卫懿公的私欲给卫国带来了怎样的后果?(用文中语句作答)(6分)

18.卫懿公的灭亡具有怎样的历史教训?(用文中语句作答)(4分)

阅读下面的研讨,完成19~20题。

春日

汪藻

一春略无十日晴,处处浮云将雨行。

野田春水碧于镜,人影渡旁鸥不惊。

桃花嫣然出篱笑,似开未开最有情。

茅茨烟瞑客衣湿,破梦午鸡啼一声。

【注】茅茨:茅草屋顶。烟瞑:烟雨迷蒙。

19.这首诗写了一个多雨的“春日”,作者是用哪些典型景物来表现的?(4分)

20.诗的第三联在写景上用了什么修辞手法?描绘了怎样的情景?(5分)

五、作文(70分)

21.“执着”在佛教的教义中原指对尘世事物的追逐不舍。但是对于尘世中的人来说,执着乃是一种美好的品质。古往今来有成就的人,他们身上往往都凝聚着一种“衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴”的“执着”精神。

请以“执着”为话题,写一篇不少于600字的文章。

要求:题目自拟,立意自定,文体自选(诗歌除外)。(70分)

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