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新视野第三册听说教程Unit 3

新视野第三册听说教程Unit 3
新视野第三册听说教程Unit 3

UNIT 3 WHERE PRINCIPLES COME FIRST

UNDERSTANDING SHORT CONVERSATIONS

1. M: I have just read an article in the newspaper about Hyde public school.

W: Hyde school? Is it the one receiving considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters?

M: That's right. Most graduates from the school attend four-year college.

Q: What can be learned from the conversation?

2. W: My family is moving to Baltimore next month. I have to leave my school and

friends here. I hate that, you know.

M: Don't worry. The Hyde foundation is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore. Why don't you join it and make new friends there? Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

3. M: I'd like to know the principles on which your school operates.

W: Well, we believe that if we teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage,integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows.

M: Does it work?

W: It proves to be very successful.

Q: What does the woman mean?

4. M: There is lots of discussion on success and failure nowadays. How does a teacher

measure his students' success?

W: I think conscience and hard work are important factors and success should be measured by growth, not by academic achievement.

Q: What is the conversation about?

5. M: I got a 7 out of 10 on my class performance today. What about you?

W: I got 8.

M: I challenge that. You did neither your grammar nor your spelling homework. Q: What does the man imply?

6. M: What the new teacher said impressed me deeply.

W: What did he say?

M: He assumes that "every human being has a unique potential" that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth.

W: I quite agree with him. Character is first.

Q: What are the speakers talking about?

7. M: Are you interested in the curriculum your school offers this semester? W: To be honest, I am enthusiastic about English and history. Maths and science sound a little dull. But what appeals to me is performing arts and sports. Q: What courses is the woman not interested in?

8. W: Hello, is that David?

M: Yes.

W: This is Mary speaking. I am very nervous about my presentation tomorrow. I will give an introduction to the famous poet, Robert Frost, during the seminar. M: Take it easy. Make full preparations and everything will be fine.

Q: Why did the woman call the man?

9. M: How wonderful! You won the first prize. Can you believe it?

W: No. It's almost too good to be true.

Q: What does the woman mean?

10. M: We plan to go to the beach after class. Do you want to come?

W: I'd love to. But the headmaster wants to speak with me.

M: What a pity! Then we'll go without you.

Q: What will the woman probably do?

11. M: What are you working on?

W: I'm writing a story for the high-school newspaper. It's an article on the feelings about graduation.

M: How do you feel?

W: Me? A little scared and excited, too.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

12. M: Hi, Sue. Where have you been?

W: Oh, hi, Peter. I was just at the library. I have to hand in my term paper tomorrow.

M: Tomorrow? Oh, no. I thought it wasn't due till Friday.

Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?

13. M: Do you attend the lecture last night?

W: No. I visited my aunt in hospital. What was it about?

M: It centered on the parents' role in the education of their children. According to the speaker, children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts.

Q: What are the two speakers mainly discussing?

14. W: Do you remember your first days at Hyde school?

M: Of course. When I came here, I insulted and cursed everybody.

W: I can't imagine you doing that.

M: Unlike other schools that kicked me out, Hyde school admitted me and made me change a lot since then.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

15. M: I heard that faculty evaluations are conducted by students at your school.

What do you think of it?

W: As a teacher, I benefit from establishing a fruitful teacher-student relationship.

Q: What does the woman mean?

16. M: It's worthwhile for parents to participate in the activities of their children

at school, don't you think so?

W: Yes, children are encouraged when they see their parents take part. But the problem is that parents' attendance is low at present.

Q: What are the speakers discussing?

17. M: How is the new job going?

W: Well, I'm getting used to lots of new things and working on problems associated with car design.

M: Is your supervisor satisfied with your work?

W: I hope he'll give me his opinion soon.

Q: What does the woman mean?

18. W: America is seen as the land of opportunity.

M: It depends.

W: You mean ......

M: Only those who are capable can take the opportunity to achieve success. Q: What does the man mean?

19. M: Michael isn't here. He was injured by car yesterday.

W: I know. This morning I went to the hospital to visit him. He seemed very upset and not willing to talk.

Q: What happened to Michael?

20. M: Your sister is quite different from you in character.

W: Many people share your opinion.

M: You are always optimistic in dealing with problems, while your sister is different.

Q: What does the man say about the woman's sister?

Key: 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (D) 8. (D)

9. (C) 10. (B)

11. (B) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (D) 18.

(C) 19. (A) 20. (C)

UNDERSTANDING PASSAGES

Passage 1 High Schools in the United States

Education has a very honored place in American society and, with some exceptions among the wealthy, parents of every kind of background and of all income groups send their children to the local high schools. It is an article of faith in the American Dream that a good education will enable a child to achieve a higher standard of living than his or her parents.

High schools are public schools in the proper sense of the word 'public', not

to be confused with English 'public schools', which are private and expensive.

People have a high opinion of American high school. This is because the high schools take their responsibilities very seriously -- and not only in the classroom. They have guidance advisers to whom children can go privately if they have any special problems, especially about their future careers. Parents are encouraged to share

in the school life of their children. In some lower grade classes they actually go into the class during a lesson and help the teachers with plays and class reading, and most schools have highly successful Parent-Teacher Organizations. Teachers and parents get together and discuss their children's problems.

For example, John has made no progress at all during the last term, because, the teacher suspects, he is in love with a gift in the same class who has rejected him, while Gail seems to be just lazy.

Between them, parents and the teacher then work out a plan of action.

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.

1. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

2. Why do people have a high opinion of American high schools?

3. Whom do students turn to for help when they have personal problems?

4. What are the parents encouraged to do?

5. What do teachers and parents get together for?

Passage 2 Self-image

Do you have a self-image that can help you succeed or one that can make you fail? Let's discover what self-image is all about. Get a picture in your mind of two empty chairs. In these two chairs let's picture two visitors. In the first chair let's seat a young man who is deaf. In the second chair let's seat a young boy who was born with part of one foot missing.

The young man we picked for the first chair was a musician. He was a great artist. He

composed many great songs. When he was still a young man he lost his hearing. It

is generally believed that a person cannot be a professional musician or compose music without heating, but t his man had a special driving force that enabled him to write some of the most beautiful music ever written. This man was Beethoven.

The visitor in the second chair was a young boy who was born with part of one foot missing. This young boy loved sports, especially football. As a young boy and later as a young man he had always dreamed of playing football with a major league football team. He had a thirst that could not be quenched. Finally, he made it into the New Orleans Saints football team and one day on the football field in New Orleans he kicked the longest field goal in football history.

His name is Tom Dempsey.

If you try to find the special strength that turns an ordinary person into a hero it only exists in the heart or soul of man. It is called a positive self-image.

A positive self-image is a great belief in yourself and your ideas.

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard.

6. Why does the speaker talk about two empty chairs at the beginning of the passage?

7. What can be inferred about self-image?

8. What is generally believed about a deaf person?

9. What was the most exciting thing that Tom Dempsey did?

10. What is the main idea of this passage?

Passage 3 Sports in American High Schools

American learn sports as part of their education. They learn two or more ball games, such as football or basketball. At high school, they choose groups of boys or girls to make teams.They choose those who are best at that sport. These teams compete against teams from other schools. In many schools students learn wrestling, running, tennis, golf and swimming. They have teams for some of these sports, too. The games between schools are often very exciting. Other students, the ones not on the team, love to watch them. They let everyone know this by shouting and cheering when their team plays well.

There is a special club of girls and boys, mostly girls, who jump up and down and shout for their football team. They call themselves cheerleaders, because they lead everyone in shouts and cheers. They wear clothes of a special color -- the color of their school's team. The football players wear that color, too. Each school has a team color and a team name. Cheerleaders call

out the team name in their cheers. They practice many hours to learn the special jumping and cheering moves. Cheerleading is almost a sport itself.

Every classroom has an American flag in it. From elementary to high school, students start each day by standing up and showing respect to the flag. They put their hands over their hearts and say the "Pledge of Allegiance". This is a promise to the country, which was written by people who came to the US over 200 years ago. By standing and showing respect to the flag

people think about the United States and its freedoms.

Q uestions 11 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. According to the passage, which sport is not learned at high schools?

12. Why are the games between schools exciting?

13. What can be learned about cheerleaders?

14. How do students start each day in elementary and high school?

15. When people stand showing respect to the American flag, what do they usually think about?

Passage 4 Setting Goals

Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.

Successful and happy people have a vision of how their life should be and they set lots of goals, both short-term and long-range, to help them reach their vision. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It's like having a map to show you where you want to go.

Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set -- and they aren't difficult to reach. It's up to you to find out what your goals, ideals and visions really are. You are the one who must decide what to go after and in what direction to aim your life.

Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it. Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power. Like an agreement with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular fashion you are able to stimulate your subconscious to be continuously aware of situations that will further your goal.

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. What does the significance of setting goals lie in?

17. In what way do successful people differ from unsuccessful ones?

18. According to the speaker, what is the most important thing in the whole process of realizing one's goals?

19. What are people suggested to do if they want to realize their goals without failure?

20. What is the speaker mainly discussing?

Passage 5 Tests, Marks and Report Cards

Do you think that tests are only for students? You're wrong. The tests that students take als o test their teachers and schools.In the United States, students take many tests each year. Teachers use tests to see how well pupils are learning at school. If students pass these tests, they go on to the next grade where the work is harder. In this way, it is the students who are tested.But these tests also show if teachers are doing their job. Teachers have to give their pupils a lot of information in each grade. If they don't, their students may not learn enough. So the tests are also for teachers.

There is another special test that pupils take each year in all the schools across the country.It is a different test for each grade, but the same for all students in the same grade. It shows what they have learned that year. It shows which schools are teaching well. So tests are also for testing schools.

Most American schools give the following marks: A = 91-100 per cent, B = 81-90 per cent,C = 71-80 per cent, D = 65-70 per cent, E = 50-64 per cent, and F = below 50 per cent. In high schools it is possible to take some classes without marks. Then the student gets a "P" for "pass"and an "F" for "fail".

Teachers keep lists of students' test and homework marks. They give students marks for how well they work. Then they list the students' marks on their report card. Students get report cards four times a year. One copy is sent to the parents and the school keeps a copy.

Seventy-one percent of American students graduate from high school. And 40 percent of high school students go on to college.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

21. Why do teachers use tests?

22. Why are the tests for students also for teachers?

23. What does the special test taken by pupils in all the schools across the country show?

24. How many times do students get report cards a year?

25. About what percentage of high school students go on to college?

Passage 6

Once upon a time there was a wise man that used to go to the ocean to do his writing. He had a habit of walking on the beach before he began his work.One day he was walking along the shore. As he looked down on the beach, he saw a human figure moving like a dancer. He smiled to himself at the thought of someone who would dance on the beach. So he began to walk faster to catch up.

As he got closer, he saw that it was a young man and the young man wasn't dancing, but instead he was reaching down to the shore, picking up something and very gently throwing it into the ocean.

As he got closer he called out, "Good morning! What are you doing?"

The young man paused, looked up and replied, "Throwing starfish in the ocean." "I guess I should have asked, why are you throwing starfish in the ocean?"

"The sun is up and the tide is going out. And if I don't throw them in they'll die."

"But, young man, don't you realize that there are miles and miles of beach and starfish all along it. You can't possibly make a difference !"

The young man listened politely. Then he bent down, picked another starfish and threw it into the sea, past the breaking waves and said, "It made a difference for that one."

There is something very special in each and every one of us. We have all been gifted with the ability to make a difference. And if we can become aware of that gift, we will gain through the strength of our visions the power to shape the future. We must each find our starfish. And if we throw our starfish wisely and well, the world will become better.

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. What would the wise man do before he began writing?

27. What was the young man doing on the beach?

28. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

29. What does the speaker mean by saying "There is something very special in each and every one of us"?

30. What can be inferred from the passage?

Key:

Passage 1: 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (A) Passage 2: 6. (D) 7. (C) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (C) Passage 3: 11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (A) 15. (D) Passage 4: 16. (A) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20. (D) Passage 5: 21. (C) 22. (A) 23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (A) Passage 6: 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (C)

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