Lesson 45 The power of the press 新闻报道的威力
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
●democrat 民主的
●restrict v. 限制
●abuse v. 滥用
●contention n. 论点
●untold adj. 数不尽的，无限的
●South Dakota 南达科他州 （美国）
●perpetual adj. 永久的
●quintuplet n. 五胞胎之一
●obscurity n. 默默无闻
●radically adv. 彻底地，完全地
●exclusive adj. 独占的，独家的
●nursery n. 育婴室，保育室
●commercialization n. 商品化
●commodity n. 商品
◆democrat 民主的
◆restrict v. 限制
keep within a certain limit
Eg: The prisoners’ activity is restricted within marrow limits.
limit: 表示时间、空间、程度等方面的限定，且限定到某一个点
restrict: 只说明限定范围
Eg: Land development must be limited.
He restricts himself to two cigarettes a day.
restrict sb. to 限制在......范围内
confine
confine sb. to
Eg: The boy is confined to the dark room.
The boy is restricted to the dark room.
cramp 限制（限制某人的活动或是限制动植特的生长）
Eg: No body can cramp children.
You can not cramp my activity.
hamper 限制，妨碍;困累
Eg: What hampered you to do so?
The housewife has a lots to do every day, because she is hampered by poverty.
My limited vocabulary hampered my reading.
I am hampered by my limited vocabulary.
★★★impede 限制；妨碍
impede doing sth.
Eg: Nothing will impede my studying English.
bound 限定，以......为界限
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◆abuse v. 滥用
Eg: Don’t abuse your authority. 不要滥用职权。
We shouldn’t abuse our rights.不能乱用自己的权力。
For VIP, they shouldn’t abuse their privilege.
◆contention n. 论点
◆◆◆untold adj. 数不尽的，无限的
==too many to be counted
Eg: There are untold stars in the sky.
I am afflicted by / with untold anxieties.
numerous 无数的
countless anxieties 无数的烦恼
Eg: As human being, we can’t keep ourselves free from countless anxieties.
countable: can be counted
uncountable
number
numberless 无数的，没有房号的
Eg: This is a numberless room.这是一个没有房号的房间。
numberable 数得清的
innumberable 不能数得清的
South Dakota 南达科他州 （美国）
◆◆◆perpetual adj. 永久的
permanent
eternal
lasting for a long time
everlasting
perpetual : 不休止的，一直持续下去的，不易受阻的
Eg: They are as poor as church mouse, they have to struggle against perpetual poverty.
constant 连续的，不断的
constactly
Eg: It is raining constantly. 雨不停地下着。
continuous 连续不断的
Eg: They have continuous discussion.
They have continuous attempt.
They made great success in their continuous attempt.
continual 频繁的
continually adj.
Eg: It rains continually.最近频繁地在下雨。
It is raining continuously /
constantly.
lasting
everlasting 持久的，耐久的
Eg: The pair of trousers is lasting.
Generally speaking, jeans are lasting.
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endless
Eg: You can appreciate endless unbroken clouds.
Studying English is our perpetual task.
eternal adj. 永恒的，永久的，不朽的
immortal
Eg: His name is immortal because the longest suspension bridge was named for him.
temporary
temporary job.
permanent 非临时的，永久的
Eg: In a big city, sometimes we can not get permanent job.
constant; continuous; everlasting; lasting; endless; eternal; permanent; perpetual
◆quintuplet n. 五胞胎之一
◆obscurity n. 默默无闻
in obscurity
Eg: He is in obscurity.
obscure adj. 不起眼的
Eg: The bus stopped at a obscure bus stop.
◆radically adv. 彻底地，完全地
completely, entirely, thoroughly, fully, inclusive
◆◆◆exclusive adj. 独占的，独家的
exclusive 独占的，独家的 （not share with others ）
Eg: The swimming pool is for my exclusive use.
exclusive right 独权
Eg: The newspaper offered a large sum of money to the person to get exclusive right to publish his article.
exclusive 排外的，排它的
inclusive 包括在其中的
Eg: The school is exclusive, only very clever children can go to it.
这所学校很排外，只有特别聪明的孩子可以在这儿上学。
The store is exclusive, only very wealthy people can visit it.
这个商场很排外，只有特别有钱的人才能光顾。
◆nursery n. 育婴室，保育室
◆commercialization n. 商品化
◆commodity n. 商品
commodity economy 商品经济
commodity market 商品市场
goods, wares
【课文讲解】
要求全文背诵
In fact, the power of the press is beyond our description.
any efforts are rightly condemned.
effort 企图
try; attempt 尝试
make every effort; spare no effort; make every endeavor
go to great lenghts
blame
scold
reproach
reprimand
condemn 正式的谴责
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deed行为，行径
Eg: Your deeds should be rightly condemned.
forest authorities 森林当局
education authorities 教育当局
the authorities 有关当局
the authorities of the press 新闻当局
According to this sentence, we know we are much more interested in private stories.
Sometimes some people even want to smell out people’s secrets or particular scandals.
lives of others: 替代story about people
extremely doubtful == extremely uncertain == extremely dubious.
Eg: If a family skeleton is reviewed, one’s reputation will be damaged / destroyed / spoiled / ruined immediately.
equally == in the same way = alile
We wouldn’t like our secret to be reviewed.
Acting on 以......来行事，遵循......来行事
that引导的部分是contention 的同位语从句
When stories published in details by the press are wonderful, you will become famous v
ery soon.
If the story is terrible, your reputation will be ruined immediately.
exert... on sth.
bring about 带来，导致
lead to
cause
result in
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major: great, considerable
In the first paragraph the writer illustrate how powerful the press is in the general way.
acquire: gain == obtain
acquire fortune: 发财
acuire fame 出了名
make fortune
the city dweller 城市居住者
the country dweller 乡村居住者
expect a baby
in the interesting condition
in the family way
pregnant
be faced with 面临
The window faces the south. 窗户朝南
In the process of studying English, We are faced with a great many problems, which should be surmounted.
surmount 克服
solve problem 解决问题
In teh process of studying English, we are faced with a great many problems, which should be surmounted / got rid of / removed as quickly as possible.
economic: problems = poverty
pressing 紧迫的
unnoticed 形容词做状语
odds n. 各种让人烦的小事
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bear 容忍；生育 born 是bear的过去分词
attract the attention of the press
The rise to the fame is swift==Their being famous was rapid.
huge sums ==huge sums of money
care for 关心
press for == demand
形象地表达出不停的催问
Eg: The students kept pressing for examinations.
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【Vocabulary】 P210
restrict: 限制 （restrict to）
confine (confine to ), limit
equally: 同样地
alike, in the same way / degree
contention: 论点
argument
untold：数也数不清的
contless, uncountable, numerous, innumerable, numberless
acquired ：已获得的
got, gained, obtained
perpetual struggle:永无休止的斗争
fight
in obscurity 默默无闻的，不出名的
not being well-known
【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1 The Press will argue that they have the right to publish a story, although it may seriously affect the individual concerned, because _____ .
a. in a democracy, the individual eserves more attention than politics
b. facts in themselves, however unpleasant they may be, must be respected
c. people not only enjoy reading about others but about themselves as well
d. they only use their power to influence events of national importance
argue
affect 负面的影响
原文：Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.
2 News editiors and reporters wanted to publish the story because _____ .
a. they always defend the freedom of the Press
b. they know that stories about people sell a lot of newspapers
c. they eanted to change the lives of these poor people
d. they believed it was the right thing to do
3 The interest that was taken in the family was _____ .
a. of national importance because of the rise in the birth rate
b. charitable, for people of all kinds were concerned about their poverty
c. so overwhelming that even lawyers attended their press conferences
d. mainly from commercial organizations who wanted to promote their sales
Structure
4 The public are often far more interested _____ political events. (ll.3-4)
a. in people’s stories than b. in stories about people than in
c. with stories about people than d. by people’s stories than by
be interested in...
5 The influence of newspapwers is _____ bring about major changes in the lives of ordinary people but they can even overthrow a government. (ll.8-9)
a. such that not only can they b. so that not only they can
c. such that they cannot only d. so that not only can they
not only...but...
so必须用来修饰形容词或副词
如果强调的是一个主干的名词部分，用such
6 A sixth child _____ expected so they were faced … (ll.12-13)
a. was b. being c. having d. had been
economic problems/ economic odds
perpetual struggle against poverty
被动语态
7 ★★★ While the five babies _____ in oxygen tents… (ll.23-24)
a. were remaining quietly sleeping b. remained quietly sleeping
c. remained to sleep quietly d. remaining were quietly sleeping
remain (系动词)不能用进行时态
Vocabulary
8 Stories about people are often _____ (l.3)
a. of great interest to everyone b. in the public interest
c. a matter of publicity d. publicly attended
9 Newspapers _____ tremendous influence over the lives of ordinary people. (l.8)
a. press b. invoke c. impose d. wield
原文：bring about
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press: 榨汁； 熨烫；按住，压住 （n. ）出版，发行
invoke 求助，祈求
impose 强加于人
wield 造成 （== bring about, cause, result in ）
10 Reporters _____ interviews … (l.22)
a. went on strike for b. went on printing c. made repeated requests for d. were continually
原文： Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokes-
men for the family at press conferences.
pressing for: 不断的催问，要求
11 Lawyers were employed to act as spokesmen _____ the family. (ll.22-23)
a. on account of b. instead of c. on behalf of d. for the sake of
instead of : 代替 （某物、谁）
on account of == because of )
for the sake of 出于......的缘故
12 Instead of being five new family members, these children had become _____ .(l.26)
a. victims of commercialization b. something to be bought and sold
c. a public conerience d. a product of the market
【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. B 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C 12. A
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