第三章雅思阅读题型分析与练习
第一节True/False/Not Given(正误及无关判断题型)
True原则：选项中与原文对应信息中含有同义词或同义结构；选项是根据原文信息推断而来，或是对原文某部分信息的归纳总结。
【例】
原文：Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.
译文：青蛙失去了生存下来的生态竞争能力，生物学家不能解释它们的灭亡。题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.
译文：生物学家不能解释为什么青蛙濒临灭亡。
分析：题目中的are unable to与原文中的are at a loss to 是同义词，题目中的are dying与原文中的their demise是同义词，所以答案应为True。
False原则：选项与原文信息直接冲突；原文信息是多个情形的并列，而选项含有must／only等词，表示一种必须的情况(例1)；原文和选项中相应信息
所使用的范围、频率或可能性的修饰词不同，原文中常用many（很多）、sometimes（有时）及unlikely（不太可能）等词。题目中常用all（全部）、usually（通常）、always（总是）、及impossible（完全不可能）等词（例
2）；原文信息是人们的一种主观臆想或感觉，而选项中所说的相应信息
是一种客观事实。原文中包含条件状语，题目中去掉条件成份（例3）；
原文中包含条件状语，如if、unless或if not也可能是用介词短语表示条件
状语如in, with, but for或except for。题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的
成份（例4）。这时，答案应为False。
【例】1
原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject to demand. Subject to availability,stand by tickets can be
purchased from the driver.
译文：强烈建议提前预定车票，因为所有的Daybreak旅行都是由需求决定的。
服务于可能性，待票也可直接向司机购买。
题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Daybreak agent. 译文：必须提前从授权的代理机构买票。
分析：原文是提前预定、直接向司机购买都可以，是多个条件的并列。题目是必须提前预定，是必须其中一个情况。所以答案应为False。
这种题型的难点集中于Not Given，为了帮助考生彻底掌握这类题型，以下专门就Not Given题进行考点分析：
Example:
题目：The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves.
文章：No one theory can explain improvements in performance, but the most important factor has been genetics. The athletes must choose his parents carefully. ……
Example:
题目：There was little improvement in athletic performance before the twentieth century.
文章：Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects…….
【例】：
原文: And the future? It is anticipated that, in the years to come, leisure spending will account for between a third to a half of all household spending, whilst it is difficult to give exact figures, the leisure industry will certainly experience a long period of sustained growth.
【例】
原文: Healthcare providers diagnose insomnia in several ways. One way is to categorize insomnia by how often it occurs. Another way is to identify the insomnia by what is causing the sleep deprivation. The two main types of insomnia have been described as Primary Insomnia and Secondary Insomnia. Primary Insomnia is a chronic condition with little apparent association with stress or a medical problem. The most common form of primary insomnia is psychophysiological insomnia. Secondary insomnia is caused by symptoms that accompany a medical condition such as anxiety, depression or pain.
题目: Secondary insomnia is far more common than Primary insomnia.
练习：
Exercise A Questions 1——9
Do the statements below agree with the information in the sentence above them? Write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information in the text FALSE if the statement contradicts the information in the text
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say whether the statement agrees with or contradicts the information in the text
1.Many lecturers find their jobs very rewarding．
A Many lecturers are well paid．
B All lecturers get something positive from their work．
C The majority of lecturers get satisfaction from their work
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f21442468.html,puters are gaining in popularity，despite their cost．
A Computers are getting cheaper
B Computers are expensive
C Computers used to be more popular than they are now
3.As a result of increasing affluence，an ever larger number of families now have two cars．
A Most families nowadays have two cars
B People are getting richer。
C Cars are becoming more expensive．
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f21442468.html,cational standards in schools have，in general，been gradually improving．
A Schools have been getting better．
B The education in schools has not been improving．
C Educational standards are not as unsatisfactory as they used to be．
5.In families，the traditional roles of men and women are often reversed
if the man becomes unemployed．
A Unemployment can affect the way that families operate．
B In families where the woman has a job，men and women usually have traditional roles．
C Unemployment does not affect the role of a man in the fami1y．
6.Although the hazards of boxing have been well publicized，the government has not yet to introduce a ban on the sport．
A The government does not want to ban boxing．
B The hazards of boxing are not very well．known
C A ban on boxing has not been introduced yet．
7.There is as much money to be made from the sale of umbrellas on rainy days，as there is from cold drinks when the temperature rises．
A Cold drinks sell well when it gets warmer．
B When it rains，older people buy umbrellas
C The author is a shopkeeper．
8.While it is acknowledged for many years that an increasing number of animals are bound to become extinct，it is only recently that the problem has been addressed by politicians．
A Recently people have been writing to our politicians about animals becoming extinct．
B We have known for a long time that more species of animals will disappear．
C Politicians have been fighting animal extinction for many years．
9.Most people would be amazed if they realized how many different types of insect life exist in their very own garden．
A The majority of gardeners are not surprised at the range of insect life in their garden．
B It is impossible to count the different types of insect life in a garden．
C There are more types of insect life in the average garden than most people
think
Exercise B
The term formal learning is used in this paper to refer to all learning which takes place in the classroom，irrespective of whether such learning is informed by conservative or progressive ideologies．Informal learning on the other hand is used to refer to learning which takes place outside the classroom．
These definitions provide the essential，though by no means sole，difference between the two modes of learning.Formal learning is decontextualized from daily life and，indeed，as Scribner and Cole(1 973：553)have observed，may actually promote ways of learning and thinking which often run counter to those nurtured in practical daily life．A characteristic feature of formal learning is the centrality of activities which are not closely paralleled by activities outside the classroom．The classroom can prepare for，draw on，and imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classroom，but it cannot，by its nature，consist of these challenges．
In doing this，language plays a critical role as the major channel for information exchange．”Success“in the classroom requires a student to master this abstract code．As Bernstein(1 969：1 52)noted，the language of the classroom is more similar to the language used by middle—class families than that used by working—class families．Middle—class children thus find it easier to acquire the language of the classroom than their working—class peers．
Informal learning，in contrast，Occurs in the setting to which it relates，making learning immediately relevant．In this context．1anguage does not occupy such an important role：the child?s experience of learning is more holistic，involving sight，touch，taste，and smell-senses that are under-utilised in the classroom．
Whereas formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child?s socialization. Adults or older children who are proficient in the skill or activity provide——sometimes unintentionally——target models of behaviour in the course of everyday activity．Informal learning，therefore，can take place at any time and is not subject to the limitations imposed by institutional timetabling．
The motivation of the learner provides another critical difference between the two modes of learning．The formal learner is generally motivated by some kind of external goal such as parental approval，social status，and potential financial reward．The informal learner，however，tends to be motivated by successful completion of the task itself and the partial acquisition of adult status．
Given that learning systems develop as a response to the social and economic
contexts in which they are embedded．it is understandable that modern，highly urbanised societies have concentrated almost exclusively on the establishment of formal education systems．What these societies have failed to recognize are the ways in which forma l learning inhibits the child…S multi—sensory acquisition of practical skills．Wolthorpe(1 973：23)speculates that the failure to provide a child with a holistic education may in part account for many of the social problems which plague our societies．
Questions 1——8
Do the following statements agree with the information in the Reading Passage? Write：
TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage
FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1.Scribner and Cole regard classroom learning as parallel to learning in daily life.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f21442468.html,nguage does not occupy as important a role in informal learning as it does in formal learning．
3.In quoting Bernstein，the author implies that working—class children are disadvantaged by the language used in the classroom．
4.FormaI learning excludes the use of sight，touch，taste and smell.
5.Classroom teachers do not provide models of adult behaviour
6.Adults and older children always seek to provide target models of behaviour for younger children．
7.The informal learner is generally more highly motivated than the formal learner.
8.There may be a link between the absence of holistic education in modern urbanized societies and the incidence of social problems in these societies
Exercise C
When was the last time you saw a frog? Chances are, if you live in a city, you have not seen one for some time. Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it is becoming less and less easy to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom. All over the world, and even in remote parts of Australia, frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise. Are amphibians simply oversensitive to changes in the ecosystem? Could it be that their rapid decline in numbers is signaling some coming environmental disaster for us all? This frightening scenario is in part the consequence of a dramatic increase over the last quarter century in the development of once natural areas of wet marshland; home not only to frogs but to all manner of wildlife. However, as yet, there are no obvious reasons why certain frog species are disappearing from rainforests in Australia that have barely been touched by human hand. The mystery is unsettling to say the least, for it is known that amphibian species are extremely sensitive to environmental variations in temperature and moisture levels. The danger is that planet Earth might not only lose a vital link in the ecological food chain (frogs keep populations of otherwise pestilent insects at manageable levels), but we might be increasing our output of air pollutants to levels that may have already become irreversible. Frogs could be inadvertently warning us of a catastrophe.
An example of a species of frog that, at far as is known, has become extinct, is the platypus frog. Like the well-known Australian mammal it was named after, it exhibited some very strange behaviour; instead of giving birth to tadpoles in the water, it raised its young within its stomach. The baby frogs were actually born from out of their mother's mouth. Discovered in 1981, less than ten years later the frog had completely vanished from the crystal clear waters of Booloumba Creek near Queensland's Sunshine Coast. Unfortunately, this freak of nature is not the only frog species to have been lost in Australia. Since
One theory that seems to fit the facts concerns the depletion of the ozone layer, a well documented phenomenon which has led to a sharp increase in ultraviolet radiation levels.The ozone layer is meant to shield the Earth from UV rays, but increased radiation may be having a greater effect upon frog populations than previously believed. Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.
Questions 1——11
Do the following statements agree with the information in the Reading Passage? Write：
TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage
FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1.Frogs are disappearing only from city areas.
2.Frogs and toads are usually poisonous.
3.Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.
4.The frogs' natural habitat is becoming more and more developed.
5.Attempts are being made to halt the development of wet marshland.
6.Frogs are important in the ecosystem because they control pests.
7.The platypus frog became extinct by 1991.
8.Frogs usually give birth to their young in an underwater nest.
9.Eight frog species have become extinct so far in Australia.
10.There is convincing evidence that the ozone layer is being depleted.
11.It is a fact that frogs' breeding cycles are upset by worldwide in creases in temperature.
Exercise D
Almost everyone with or without a computer is aware of the latest technological revolution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate, namely, the Information Superhighway, best exemplified by the ubiquitous Internet. Already, millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having a modem and an address on the `Net', in much the same way that owning a telephone links us to almost anyone who pays a phone bill. In fact, since the computer connections are made via the phone line, the Internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links. It remains to seen in which direction the Information Superhighway is headed, but many believeit is the educational hope of the future.
The World Wide Web, an enormous collection of Internet addresses or sites, all of which can be accessed for information, has been mainly responsible for the increase in interest in the Internet in the 1990s. Before the World Wide Web, the `Net' was comparable to an integrated collection of computerized typewriters, but the introduction of the `Web' in 1990 allowed not only text links to be made but also graphs, images and even video.
A Web site consists of a `home page', the first screen of a particular site on the computer to which you are connected, from where access can be had to other subject related `pages'(or screens) at the site and on thousands of other computers all over the world. This is achieved by a process called `hypertext'. By clicking with a mouse device on various parts of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or surfing' through a of the screen, a person connected to the `Net' can go traveling, or `surfing' through a web of pages to locate whatever information is required.
Anyone can set up a site; promoting your club, your institution, your company's products or simply yourself, is what the Web and the Internet is all about. And what is more, information on the Internet is not owned or controlled by any one organization. It is, perhaps, true to say that no one and therefore everyone owns the `Net'. Because of the relative freedom of access to information, the Internet has often been criticised by the media as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users. This perception has proved to be largely false however, and the vast majority of users both young and old get connected with the Internet for the dual purposes for which it was intended - discovery and delight.
Questions 1——10
Do the following statements agree with the information in the Reading Passage? Write：
TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage
FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1.Everyone is aware of the Information Superhighway.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f21442468.html,ing the Internet costs the owner of a telephone extra money.
3.Internet computer connections are made by using telephone lines.
4.The World Wide Web is a network of computerised typewriters.
5.According to the author, the Information Superhighway may be the future hope of education.
6.The process called 'hypertext' requires the use of a mouse device.
7.The Internet was created in the 1990s.
8.The 'home page' is the first screen of a 'Web' site on the 'Net'.
9.The media has often criticised the Internet because it is dangerous.
10. The latest technological revolution will change the way humans communicate.
Key1
1——9 1 A. NG B. F C. NG
2. A. NG B.T C. F
3. A. NG B.T C . NG
4. A. T B. F C. NG
5. A. T B. NG C. F
6. A. NG B. F C. T
7. A. T B. NG C. NG
8. A. NG B. T C. F
9. A. NG B. NG C. T
Keys:
1——8 F T T F NG F N G T
Answer Keys
1.F
2.F
3.T
4.T
5.NG
6.T
7.T
8.NG
9.F 10.T 11.F
Answer Keys
1.F
2.NG
3.T
4.F
5.T
6.T
7.F
8.T
9.F 10.T
雅思阅读判断题应该怎么做 雅思阅读中比较让人苦恼的问题就是判断题，哪怕是久经考场的同学，对于雅思判断题也不能保证高的答对率。接下来就请跟着新通教育小编来一起学习雅思阅读判断题的答题技巧。 判断题分为两种形式:TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;YES/NO/NOT GIVEN。尽管表现形式不同，前者考信息，后者考观点，但是我们在进行判断的时候实质是一致的。 TRUE=YES=agree=一致;FALSE=NO=contradict=不一致=抵触; NOT GIVEN=if there is no information on this (未提及型);NOT GIVEN=if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (证据不足型); 雅思考试判断题的考点其实是有规律可循的，在定位好的前提下，需要熟悉判断题中的考点，以快速找到问题之所在，进行判断。一般来说，一道判断题通常考查一或两个考点，常考的考点为： 1.是非考点 2.数字考点 3.绝对考点 4.比较考点 做题步骤： 1、勾题目要求 1
2、勾定位词、考点词 3、两题一组、扫读全文、查找定位词考点词 4、与题干判断 判断题特点： 1、判断题是顺序题 2、同时定位两题 3、True 、False、Not Given百分百出现 4、True 42% False 38% Not Given 20% 区分定位词与考点词： 1）考点词仅在判断题中出现，定位词在每种题型中都有 2）考点词是考官出题点所在位置 3）定位词是主题，先主题后考点，找准两者即可 更多问题请关注新通教育官网。 一、考点词 1、是非考点词：be /can后面的部分 The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves. 定位词：parents 考点词：successful 2、表程度：only 、all Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy. 2
很多考生由于没有掌握一个比较巧的做题方法，使得这个题型略显有难度。通常，大家在处理这种题型的时候，会采取定位----翻译题干----翻译原文这样的方法，这种方法不能说不对，但不是最省力的。 我们都知道，在处理细节题的时候，定位词是我们必须掌握的东西。所以，我们在做判断题的时候所谓“两点法”的第一个点就是我们的定位点，而第二个点就是考点。 在做判断题的时候，大多数同学会在定位好之后去翻译题干，然后再翻译一次原文，把两者对比。但实际上，经过对剑桥雅思里面所有判断题的分析，我们可以发现任何一道判断题所谓的对错，对也对在一个点，错也错在一个点，而不会是在几个地方都出现错误。所以，我们只要在做判断题的时候找到这个用来判断对错的关键点，其他的地方就无需再读了。也就是说，我们只要抓到定位点和考点这两个点，“两点就可以确定一条直线”。 在判断题中涉及到的考点共有六种类型，我以剑桥雅思的几道题为例，简单谈谈这六种考点。 1.是非考点 通常是题干的谓语或表语，这种考点占到判断题数量的一半以上。 例：The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves。 定位词是The parents of athletes，考点词是successful athletes，在题干中作表语。 2.绝对考点 在判断题题干中，经常出现almost，only，never等表示绝对意义的副词。 例：Not all of the assistants survived to see the publication of the Dictionary。 考点在Not all这个词上。 3.比较考点 当题干中出现比较关系的时候，比较的双方作为定位词，比较关系就是我们的考点。例：Johnson has become more well known since his death。 定位词是since his death，考点就是more well known。 4.因果考点 判断题中的因果关系里，通常结果是定位词，原因是考点。
雅思阅读是非无判断题技巧系列讲解 作者：不详发布时间：2009-09-01 16:20:48来源：网络 文章正文网校课程调查热评论坛 回溯历次雅思考试，判断题都是一个不可或缺的重要题型；虽说目前几次考试作为雅思元老的它已经越来越被变化多端的配对题夺去风头，但判断题仍是一个烤鸭们绝不能小觑的题型。作为一种被研究得很彻底的方法题，希望大家通过从本次开始的18讲Yes/No/Not Given专题，熟识它、洞悉它、最后在雅思战场上征服它。今天我们开始“是”型判断题的解题方法介绍。 作为我们是非无判断题的第一讲，和大家说的第一句话就是要明确答案的写法。是”T”吗？”True”吗？都不完全正确。因为对于任何和标准答案不一致的写法，严谨的雅思考官都有理由因“看不懂”而批错，如果这次偏偏有10道判断题，那平时不注意小节的你只能surrender your happiness to the mercy of foreigners。所以最安全的写法永远是”TRUE”,”FALSE”,”NOT GIVEN”(或”YES”,”NO”)，即按照题目要求的大写并拼写完全正确，见任何一套标准雅思试卷之判断题之前的Instruction。 {温馨提示} Yes”,“No”,“Not Given”和“True”,“False”,“Not Given”只是考试形式的区别,在判断方式上并没有本质不同。 作为一种技巧性很强的题型，判断题的高正确率无非掌握两点：定位和判断准则。请大家记住我们今天马上要讲授的True的第一种判断依据：题目是原文的同义表达。让我们按照由易到难的顺序来看3个例子。首先是简答的同根词之间的替换： {原创范例} 原文：Computers are gaining in popularity, despite their cost. 题目：Computers are more popular than they used to be. 解答：TRUE 原文告诉我们电脑的popularity(人气)是上升的，大家立刻脑海里出现一条上升的曲线；而题目中“电脑比过去要流行”，即它的受欢迎程度也是上升的。于是两条曲线吻合，所以是一个标准的TRUE。 有时候同义表达之间的差异会相当大，而除了名词的同义表达外，数量类型的同义表达也需要注意： {原创范例} 原文：The majority of lecturers find their jobs very rewarding. 题目：Many lecturers get satisfaction from their work. 解答：TRUE rewarding来自reward,表示“有意义的工作”，即get satisfaction; 而原文的the majority of（绝大部分）完全能够包含题目的many（很多）。 {温馨提示} 雅思判断的TRUE往往和原文面貌全非，因为考官做了大量的paraphrase。 如果在句子中间还出现了较为生僻的单词，则在同义表达识别的基础上还需要运用词汇的猜测等技能： {原创范例} 原文：Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise. 题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying. 解答：TRUE 题目中的are unable to与原文中的are at loss to是同义词，题
雅思阅读判断题的解题技巧分享 判断题是雅思考试的常见题型,也是难度很大的题型。在普通培训类考试中最多达22题，在学术类考试中也不少于6题。目前有逐渐增多的趋势。其中True/False/Not Given 多见于General Training Module, Yes/No/Not Given 则多见于Academic Module, 因为Yes/No/Not Given最初是为学术类设计的。很多考生对判断题时常束手无策，特别对False和Not Given 易混淆。要攻克判断题的难关，我们要分析它的命题规律，找出考察点，有的放矢，才能提高解题准确率。美联英语学习网整理雅思阅读判断题的解题技巧，就带大家一起学习一下。 首先，我们来看一看判断题的设题模式。 从设题模式可以看出雅思考试的考察点基本上可分为两大类： 1)信息点对应，即细节的对应和观点的对应。例1：It rained heavily everywhere in North China. Q: It rained in Beijing. 例2. Many people believe that the IELTS candidates must attend an IELTS training course before sitting the test. Q: The author believes that the IELTS candidates should attend an IELTS training course before sitting the test. 2) 简单的推理、总结和归纳能力;基本语言知识和常识。雅思考试从命题角度不像TOEFL 和GRE那样将不同的考察点置于专门题型中，而在一种题型中可能出现几个方面的考察点。但有一点考生要记住：由于雅思考试是一种语言能力的测试，它不考察专业知识，不考察阅读文章以外的背景知识(除基本常识以外，如简单的地理知识)。下面我们来看一看T/F/NG 的基本定义： True(Yes): 问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点一致。 例：1. It rained heavily everywhere in North China. Q: It rained in Beijing. 2. By trying to do a better job of teaching, computer scientists may learn quite a lot themselves. Q: Computer scientists are likely to learn a lot from teaching. False(No): 问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点出现矛盾、冲突或排斥。 例: You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. Not Given: 问题中的信息点或观点在原文中未提及，可能正确也可能不正确，界定范围模糊。 例：It rained heavily in most areas in North China. Q: It rained in Shanghai. 或It rained in Beijing. F和NG的根本区别在于F肯定与原文发生冲突和排斥，而NG则没有。例：You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. 文中说去上海可有两种方式供选择，而问题则认为仅有一种。问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点出现矛盾、冲突。又例：You can go to Shanghai by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. 文中说可以乘飞机去上海，但并没有说这是不是唯一的选择，可能是也可能不是。而问题则认为仅有一种。问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点没有出现矛盾和冲突。 解题方法：根据判断题的命题规律和考察角度，我们可以运用简单推理和语言技能分析考察点来作出判断。可从以下几个主要方面考虑： 1. 界定题中考察点和原文对应部分的范围或概念以及相互关系 如果范围或概念一致，并有从属、相容的关系，一般为True。如果范围或概念不一致，并出现冲突则为F。如果范围或概念界定模糊，或范围或概念不一致，但又没有直接冲突则选NG。对NG题原文中没有直接对应句，但可能有干扰句，一般可将干扰句看作参考对应句。 例：You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane.
雅思学术类考试作为准备出国学习的一项成绩，在很多学子的出国路上造成了不小的障碍。而阅读部分一大难点是其变化多端、纷繁复杂的题型，这些题型粗粗地算来可以分为九大类：标题对应题、真假判断题、总结题、简答题、句子完成题、图表填空题、配对题、选择题、流程图题。在这些题型当中，真假判断题占到了将近40%。所以判断题的做题好坏直接决定了考生在阅读上的成绩。 在是非无判断题的考试中，考生要对试卷上所列出的一系列命题（即陈述句）进行判断。如果这些陈述句是反映观点或者态度的，那么考生的任务就是判断这些句子是否和作者的观点一致。在这种情况下，答案的选择是“YES”“NO”或者是“NOT GIVEN”。如果这些陈述句表述的内容是有关事实信息，那么考生就要判断这些句子是否和文中的信息一致。在这种情况下，答案的选择是“TRUE”“FALSE”或者是“NOT GIVEN”。这里要特别说明的是在考试中“YES”“NO”“NOT GIVEN”和“TRUE”“FALSE”“NOT GIVEN”只是考试形式的区别，在判断方式上并没有本质区别。 一、判断标准 TRUE或YES：所需判断的陈述句中所有的考点词汇和原文中的表达完全对应。 FALSE或NO：所需判断的陈述句中至少有一个考点词汇和原文中的表达想矛盾。 NOT GIVEN：所需判断的陈述句中在没有错误的前提之下，至少有一个考点词汇文章没有提到相关内容。 用表格的形式表述如下：（假设被判断的命题中有三个考点） 二、实例分析 下面结合剑桥雅思4上面的具体题目来讲解一下判断标准。 （1）TRUE/YES的标准：所需判断的陈述句中所有的考点词汇和原文中的表达完全对应。从表述中可以看出，正确的标准是唯一性的，只有在全部考点都正确的情况下，该命题才能被判断为TRUE/YES。 Academic Test 1 Reading Passage 1 3.题干：It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the "pure" science that they study at school. 原文：Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about "pure" science, curriculum science. 分析：此题答案为TRUE。从两个句子表达中不难看出，两句话都是针对children这同一对象，并且在观点陈述中hold对应harbour都作动词，表示“包含，拥有”, mistaken views对应misconceptions,表示“错误的概念”，that they study at school对应curriculum science，在这里curriculum做名词，表示“学校课程”的意思。
雅思阅读判断题考点总结及判断原则（上） 是非无判断题（TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN）一直以来都是一种令雅思考生们头疼不已的题型。这种题型的难点主要有以下两个方面：第一，题干信息和原文信息之间经常会发生同义替换，使得考生在定位题干出处以及理解题干与原文的对应上会时常出现问题。第二，在思维方式上的转换，过去的中国考生所涉及到的判断题型只有是和非两种情况，大家都已经比较适应非黑即白的解题思路了，但是在雅思考试中，又加入了Not Given这一概念，对考生的逻辑思维方面要求更加严谨，需要我们思考地更加全面。 正是这一点，使得广大的雅思考生难以适应，因而会导致很多解题上的失误。下面，笔者就结合上述的两方面难点，针对这种经典的雅思阅读题型进行做法和思路上的探讨。 一、解题思路 是非无判断题是一种细节题，因此在做题时，需要遵循细节题的解题思路： 1. 分析问题时，从题目中找出合适的定位词 所谓定位词，顾名思义，就是用来在原文中定位跟题目有关的信息出现的位置的依据。在从题目中找定位词时，找到的信息需要满足两个条件：一是具有独一性；二是最好不发生变化。因此，在解决雅思阅读的细节题时，从题目中找的定位词信息可以分为如下三类： 1）易识别的信息，如大写、数字、特殊字体等 这类词通常不容易发生变化，因此在原文中看到的和在题目中出现的基本是一样的；而且这类词比较显眼，在文章中的出处可以快速找到。 如剑5 Test 3 Passage 2中的第18题： Coastal erosion occurred along Egypt‘s Mediterranean coast before the building of t he Aswan dams. 本句中的Egypt’s Mediterranean coast可以作为定位信息在文中直接进行快速定位，我们很快就能够在第一段中找到出题点： The fertile land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypt‘s Mediterranean coast at on astounding rate，in some parts estimated at 100 metres per year. In the past，land scoured away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment brought down to the delta by the River Mile，but this is no longer happening. 定位到题目在原文中的出处之后，通过理解下文信息我们即可判断出原文信息和题目信息是对应的。 又如剑8 Test 1 Passage 2的第21题： Air Traffic Control started after the Grand Canyon crash in 1956.
雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则雅思阅读判断题是技巧性较强的一种题型，答案的确定通常需要借助一些标志性的词汇，有一定的判断规则。今天文都国际教育小编就给大家介绍下雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则。 雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则1、出现以下情况时，答案常为TRUE(YES) (1)题干的表述和原文相关处是同义表述，或关键词和原文相关词汇为同义替换，答案为TRUE(YES)。 雅思阅读考试中对同义词替换和同义句的考察几乎遍布所有题型，判断题也不例外。通常答案为TRUE的命题和原文相关处形容同义关系。 (2)如果题干中有may, maybe, can, could, should, possible, probable, likely, not all, not always, not necessarily, some等词，答案为TRUE。 雅思阅读中出现的文章大多数是学术性的，用词非常严谨，不会使用很绝对的表述;相反，常常会用到上述比较宽泛的表述。 雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则2、出现以下情况时，答案常常是FALSE。 (1)题目与原文矛盾，是相反概念。通常涉及反义词考点和否定考点。 (2)题干中出现all, none, always, never, every, inevitably, impossible, must 等表示绝对含义的词时，答案多为FALSE(但也要注意例外情况) (3)原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的副词，答案通常为FALSE。
(4)数词做考点，考察精确性，答案可能是FALSE。 雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则3、遇到下列情况时，答案首选NOT GIVEN。 (1)题目中的某些内容在原文中没有对应信息，即找不到依据。 (2)题目中包含原文并未出现的新概念，这些新概念通常又由another, (the)other, latter, next, second等词修饰。 (3)题目中出现了比较级，而原文中没有相应的比较信息。 (4)题目是关于心理活动、计划打算、目标目的、想法愿望等主观内容，原文讲的却是事实。 以上就是小编整理的关于雅思阅读判断题常见做题规则的详细内容，希望大家了解。最后，预祝大家考出满意的成绩。 文章来源于文都国际教育：https://www.doczj.com/doc/f21442468.html,/kaopei/ielts/reading_ielts/11671.shtml
简析雅思阅读中的判断题 朗阁海外考试研究中心祝丹霞 判断题一直被归为雅思阅读题型中的简单题，主要基于该题型有两个特点。第一：该题型大部分是有序的（除剑十有例外）；第二：该题型定位词明显不太容易被替换。但是，就笔者在教学过程当中发现，该题型的准确率却不是很高。这样的矛盾引起了我的兴趣，本篇文章将从判断题的做题步骤，判断题易错点，以及判断题的做题方法三个方向切入，希望对考生有帮助。 判断题的呈现形式一般是TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN,或者YES/NO/NOT GIVEN。两者的区别在于前者是问到的题目所给的句子是否agree with the information given in the passage，而后者的选择标准则是题目中包含的句子是否agree with the views of the writer，但是两者是没有本质区别的。所以我们选择剑五当中的一篇文章来进行做题步骤的分析。 剑桥真题分析 The Effects of Light on Plant and Animal Species Light is important to organisms for two different reasons. Firstly, it is used as a cue for the timing of daily and seasonal rhythms in both plane and animals, and secondly it is used to assist growth in plants. Breeding in most organisms occurs during a partof the year only, and so a reliable cue is needed to trigger breeding behavior. Day length is an excellent cue, because it provides a perfectly predictable pattern of change within the year. In the temperate zone in spring, temperatures fluctuate greatly from day to day, but day length increases steadily by a predictable amount. The seasonal impact of day length on physiological responses is called photoperiodism, and the amount of experimental evidence for this phenomenon is considerable. For example, some species of birds' breeding can be induced even in midwinter simply by increasing day length artificially (Wolfson 1964). Other examples of photoperiodism occur in plants. A short-day plant flowers when the day is less than a certain critical length. A long-day plant flowers after a certain critical day length is exceeded. In both cases the critical day length differs from species to species. Plane which flower after a period of vegetative growth, regardless of photoperiod, are known as day-neutral plants.
雅思阅读“对错无判断题”题目特色及做题方法 朗阁海外考试研究中心 很多国内的考生在准备雅思考试的过程中，发现判断题中的“FALSE/NO”与“NOT GIVEN”很难分清，这篇论文的主要目的是介绍这种题型的特点及做题方法。 一、“TRUE/YES、FALSE/NO、NOT GIVEN”题目特点 1、题目顺序与文章顺序一致 “判断题”各个小题之间的顺序与原文顺序保持一致，这就意味着：第2题在第1题之后；第3题在第2题之后；第4题在第3题和第5题中间，以此类推。按照这样的规律，考生们可以一道题一道题来做。 2、“TRUE/YES、FALSE/NO、NOT GIVEN”各选项特点 每篇文章中的判断题都有各选项的做题要求，《孙子兵法》中说“知己知彼，百战不殆”，对题目要求的了解是做对这种类型题的关键。 TRUE if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this or if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this 根据以上的选项要求，当选项内容与文章内容一致（agrees with）的时候，考生可以选择“TRUE or YES”；例如文章中讲：“桌子上放了一本书”，题目讲“有一本书放在桌子上”或是“桌子上摆了一本书”，这时候两个选项都应该选择“TRUE or YES”，你会注意到：“TRUE or YES”选项是通过同义替换的方式来实现选项内容与文章内容一致。 当选项内容与文章内容相反（contradict）的时候，考生可以选择“FALSE or NO”。选项
雅思阅读判断题分类解读：环球雅思老师经验分享。 YES / NO / NOT GIVEN (TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN) 判断题 题型要求 YES/TRUE if the statement agrees with the information NO/FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 题目是若干个对于原文相关内容的陈述，要求根据原文所给的信息，判断每个陈述是对(True)、错(False)、还是未提及（Not Given）。 对于中国广大考生来说，这种题型的难度在于，在对和错之外还有第三个选项：NOT GIVEN 未提及。很多同学难以区分“错”和“未提及”，这也是雅思考试和国内英语考试最大的区别。 雅思考试的判断题多出了一个“NOT GIVEN”的选项，最初一看感觉比国内考试的2种选项要更加严谨，但实际上，这种题型本身也有一定的缺陷，有些题目很难自圆其说，况且中国考生的思维方式更西方人又存在差异，但大多数题目还是有规律可循的。 这种题型，A类考试每次考1-2组，共5-10题左右。G类考试一般考3组，20题左右，最多的一次超过30题。所以，G类考生更应重视此种题型。但G类判断题跟A类判断题相比又有一点很大的特殊性，G类题有时会出现模凌两可的情况，例如答案可以同时为2种情况，且也可给出相应的解释和理由。这也是由于西方人的思维定式所造成的，即学术的内容必须较严谨，而生活的内容则可不必。 判断，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。 大家可对号入座入座，加快解题的速度和准确率。但大家不要僵化理解和“钻牛角尖”。 2. False 第一种情况：题目与原文直接相反。 通常用反义词、not加同义词及反义结构。 例1 原文：One solution that has been put forward is the long-term solution of designing cities…... 译文：一种方案就是城市设计的长期解决方案。 题目：Redesigning cities would be a short-term solution. 译文：重新设计城市将会是一种短期的解决方案。 解释：可以看出题目与原文是反义结构。原文说是长期的解决方案，而题目说是短期的解决方案，题目与原文直接相反，所以答案应为False。 例2 原文：As the entrepreneurs gain experience, the enterprises can be gradually expanded and consideration can be given to increasing loan amounts.
雅思阅读判断题
一、两大类型判断题有两大类题型：一种是 TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN ，另一种是YES/ NO/ NOT GIVEN 。两者的出题方法和指令有所不同。前者的提问方式是Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage X? 而后者的提问方式是Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage X? 虽然一类考查的是考生对于文章信息的理解，一类是考查对作者观点的把握，可是这两种题型从解题方法上来说是几乎完全一致的。除了在答题的时候需要特别注意题型之外，考生在复习备考的时候，基本不用注意这两种题型的差别。 二、顺序原则从剑桥真题以及考生的实际考 试体验，几乎所有的判断题都是严格遵守“顺序原则”的，也就是说题目的顺序与文章的顺序是一致的。 三、只考细节判断题属于细节题，因此几乎不
需要考生对上下文的理解并进行推断，同时考生亦不能根据自己的背景知识直接判断。 简单地说来，考生解题的关键不是对文章大意的把握，而是找到与题目相关的原文，根据原文的信息进行解题。 四、同义转换和所有的雅思阅读细节题一样， 判断题的题目都是基于原文，与原文形成同义转换(paraphrasing) 的关系。同义转换包括同义句型转换和同义词转换两种类别。 下面我们一起来看一下判断题的解题步骤和技巧 一、浏览文章 阅读文章的标题、副标题、小标题、图片，了解文章的大致内容和结构。对于文章主题的把握有助于判断题的解题。 二、阅读题目，划出定位词
雅思阅读判断题解题技巧小结 判断题属于雅思阅读中较易定位，技巧略丰富，通过练习较易提升准确率的题型。简来说之就是相对比较简单的，而且是雅思阅读的最主 要题型之一，基本80%的阅读中都会出现。判断题有几大特点： 一、判断题出题按顺序原则。所谓顺序原则即题目是根据文章段落的先后来出的，下一题所对应的文章句子必定是在上一题之后的。 一般情况下，一个段落考一题，但不排除考2题的情况，仅仅情况的 出现概率较少，至今我没有遇见一段考3题的。而且判断题的出题段 落是相连的，很少情况下会出现前后所考段落是不相连的。 二、判断题一般有五大考点。 (1)比较级 (2)长、难词(出现概率极低) (3)因果考点。该考点有一个需要注意的是，同因不同果判断为False，同果不同因判断也为False，必须因果一致才是True. (4)时间范畴和信息范畴。 (5)地点 三、判断题每题只考文中某一个句子，即题目的所表达的意思是否与该句一致。一致则为T;不一致则为F，文中未提及，无法判断是 否一致的则为NOT GIVEN。题目与句子不可能是完全一模一样的，所以会用句子中出现的关键词的同义词实行替换(俗称同意替换，简称同替)出现在题目中，一般会被同意替换的词的词性多为n./v./adj.而有时也会是对句中语义实行的归纳(俗称归纳替换，简称归替)，但判断题 的归替难度较低，不足为惧。 在了解了判断题的特点以及判断标准(特点三)后，我来说说做判断题的技巧。一般阅读中的判断题是先做题型。
第一步，找定位词。我们拿到判断题后第一步先把所有题用眼睛 扫一遍，找定位词。所谓定位词有：大写的单词(比如某机构、某人名、某地名、某国名、某专业术语等等);时间(比如1989;the 20th century等)。确定题中定位词，然后去文章中搜寻。一般情况下，出 现定位词的句子以及该句的前后相邻两句中必有一句就是考点句。但 是有一种情况除外，即定位词在文中出现多次，这说明这篇文章主要 讲的就是该定位词，那么这个定位词就丧失了定位意义，需重新找定 位词。先做能立即定位的题目，然后根据顺序原则做其余不易定位的 题目。 第二步，读题，找考点。比如题中出现了A is more important than B。那么考点就是more important，比较考点。另外，如果题中 出现了all、only等表示极端化的单词，那么一般此即为考点。 第三步，将考点与定位句对照，若信息一致则为T，信息相反则 为F，未提及该信息则为NOT GIVEN。
雅思阅读判断题的时间考点解析 在雅思阅读中，判断题一直都是一个真考中出题比重较大的题型。想要达到目标分数，考生们往往需要保证如填空题，判断题这类大题型有较高的正确率。但是判断题又往往是考生在一开始备考的过程中，最容易犯错的题型。这体现在，即使定位到题干的相关信息，即使理解了原文信息在表达什么，也很难判断到底应该是TRUR, FAULSE还是NOT GIVEN. 因为判断题，不仅仅考察的是考生的语言能力，即理解题干，定位到相关信息的能力，同时也考察的是考生的一些基本的逻辑推理能力。尤其是FALSE, NOT GIVEN的区别，往往是考生在最初接触判断题时的世纪难题。本文就将从理解判断题中常出现的时间考点词的角度出发，给出一些判断题的解题思路。题干中的时间信息，往往被认为是重要的定位信息。比如在雅思阅读中填空题，选择题或者判断题中，时间都可以作为信号词，在原文中帮助考生迅速定位。比如具体的时间点：1990，20th century，或者笼统的时间段over the past centuries, beforehand。因为其替换度不高，所以作为定位词往往是非常有效的。除此在外，在雅思阅读的判断题解题中，时间信息也往往能作为考点词，帮助考生指示TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN的方向。 以剑5 test 3的第二篇Disappearing Delta的19题为例。题目为：Some people predicted that the Aswan dams would cause land loss before they were built. 有的人在阿斯旺大坝建立之前，就预测说大坝的修建会导致水土流失。通过顺序原则和题目中的关键词的定位，我们很容易就能在文章的B 段一二句找到相关信息：Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large dams at Aswan in the south of Egypt, which hold back virtually all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before
此题即判断为TRUE.这里所谓的表述一致有两个层面的判断：一、主题信息要对等；二、句中关于主题信息的论述和说明也要一致。因为任何英语句子，其句义无非就是两个方面：主题（topic）以及对主题的说明（How），所以只要这两点符合，即可判断为TRUE，试举一例说明： （剑IV/TEST2/19） 题目：In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they do today. 原文：The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence. 定位完成后先看主题信息的对应，题目中医生在原文中能找到对应，而澳大利亚人虽然原文中没有对应，但从前句的信息来判断，原文的范围确实是在澳大利亚。主题信息对应上了，接着就看两者对主题的论述是否一致了。题目说过去人们对医生有更高的评价，言下之意也就是说现在的评价下降了，而原文中的“has been eroded”正是此意，两者完全匹配，所以选TRUE. 另外需要补充的一点是，所谓选TRUE，并不意味着题目和原文百分之百的相等，只要两者的表述是在同一个方向上的便可，例如“same”和“similar”这两个表述就可以等同为是一致的。 下面重点讲FALSE和NOT GIVEN的差别。先来看一看Vanessa Jakeman和Clare McDowell这两位雅思界的泰斗对FA LSE和NOT GIVEN的区别做出的说明： “If you write ”False“ as your answer, you are saying that the information expressed in the question is the opposite of that presented in text. This is quite different from a ”Not Given“ answer, which says that you can find nothing in the text about the information.” 这段话中的“opposite ”一词点出了“False”和“Not Given”的根本差别。也就是说选False还是选Not Given，关键是看题目的表述和原文的表述是否对立，若判断为对立，那就应该选False，而选Not Given的情况是两者表述并不对立，只是题目的信息在原文中找不到相对等的表述。这里简单举一个小例子就可以说明这一点： 原文：The water is cold. 题目1：The water is hot. 题目2：The water is dirty. 题目1判断为False，因为hot和cold是完全矛盾对立的，题目2判断为Not Given因为dirty和cold并不对立，只是原文中没有涉及而已。 但在很多时候所谓的对立并不十分明显，甚至非常隐蔽，那么有没有一种方法能够一眼识别两条信息是否存在对立的情况呢？答案是有的，而且使用起来也非常简便。方法就是把两句句子单独列出来，考虑一下这两句话在逻辑上是否有同时成立的可能性。如果没有就选False，而有的话，就选Not Given.就拿上面的例子来说，原文和题目1同时成立的可能性是不具备的，而和题目2却可以同处一隅而共容。现在举两个更典型例子： 剑IV/G类TestB/2 题目：On Receipt of your deposit, Wessex Cottages will confirm your booking by telephone. 原文：When we receive your booking form and deposit, your reservation will be confirmed —— we will se nd you a Booking Confirmation, together with advice on how to reach your holiday cottage and the telephone number of a local contact should you require further details on the cottage before leaving home.
雅思阅读判断题NotGiven分析(下) Ⅴ. 题目句子中的主谓宾结构在原文中无法对应，则答案判断为Not Given. 原文: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, and even radioactive fall-out from Chernobyl. These are substances that have invaded ecosystems virtually worldwide, but they are especially worrisome in the Arctic. 题目: Industry in the Arctic has increased over the last 20 years. 分析： 第一步：确定题目中的定位词。定位词分别是时间表达式over the last 20 years，专有名词Arctic和主语Industry.另外，考点词是increased. 第二步：定位词到原文中定位。文章原句是: In the last 20 years, scientists have detected an increasing variety of toxic contaminants in the North, including pesticides from agriculture, chemicals and heavy metals from industry, 我们发现在原文中的时间对应词和题目中的相同，而Arctic在原文中也没有变化。而考点词在原文中转化成了increasing.原文的表述是 an increasing variety of toxic contaminants，说明增加的是variety of toxic contaminants，而题目中的主语是Industry.而industry在文章中的表述是……heavy metals from industry.但这并不能判断工业是否增长。所以本题判断为not given. Ⅵ. 题目和原文都有比较，但是比较对象不同，则答案判断为Not Given. 原文: Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted （such as cocaine powder） or even injected. 题目: Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances. 分析： 题目和原文都有比较，比较的关键词是reach the brain faster than，原文中有一个同义词转换结构reaches the brain more quickly than.其中faster和more quickly构成了同义词转换的用法。 题目中比较的两方面是Snorted substances和injected substances.而原文的比较内容是a smoked substance和swallowed, snorted （such as cocaine powder） or even injected.题目中的比较对象在原文中是并列关系，因此无法进行比较，所以答案判断为not given. Ⅶ. 题目中表示现在状况，而文章中表示将来的可能性，则答案判断为Not Given；反之亦然。 原文: Nearly half the world's population will experience critical water shortages by 2025, according to the United Nations （UN）. Wars over access to water are a rising possibility in this century and the main conflicts in Africa during the next 25 years could be over this most precious of commodities, as countries fight for access to scarce resources. 题目: Some African countries are currently at war over water resources. 分析： 题目中定位词African countries，war，water在原文中都可以定位相应的词汇。但是题目中的关键词是currently，而在文章中的表述是……during the next 25 years could be……。现在和将来的两种状态无法进行比较。所以答案判断为not given. Ⅷ. 原文中有表示极端的修饰词如most, all, any等，而在文章中无法搜索到相关的同