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新视野大学英语（第二册）答案Unit OneSection AII Comprehension of The Text1.The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead, he is falling behind.2.Time is treated as if it were something almost real. People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it. They do this because time is a precious resource.3.Everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. In the writer‟s eyes, city people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.4.Don‟t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain appropriate point.5.This is because Americans generally assess and enquire about their visitors professionally rather than socially. They start talking business very quickly. Time is always ticking in their inner ear.6.Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices: they communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.7.The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.8.It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.III Vocabulary1.Budgeted2.acute3.restless4. surroundingspetent6. assessing7.elbowed8.conductingIV．Filling the Blank1．behind 2 for 3.to 4. out 5.of 6.to 7.in 8.intoV Word Buildingmitment2.attraction3.appointment4.impression5.civilization6. composition7.confusion8.congratulation9.consideration 10..explanation11.acquisition 12.depressionVI1advisable 2desirable 3favorable 4considerable 5remarkable 6 preferable7 drinkable8.acceptableVII Structure1. much less do they take them out for dinner2.much less a big company3.much less carry it upstairs4.much less spoken to him5.much less ( to ) read a lot outside of itVIII.1.Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive2.We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy3.We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done everything for us.4.Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.5.Some highly praise him, whereas others put him down severelyIX Translation Chinese to English1.In the eyes of some people, Picasso‟s paintings would seem rather foolish2.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.3.The man told his wife to keep the medicine on the top shelf so that it would be beyond the children‟s reach.4.Happiness doesn't always go with money5.That car has given me nothing but trouble ever since I bought it.X Translation English to Chinese1.这种态度的结果是，全国人民都投身到研究、实验和探索中去了。
1 2020-2021《英语写作》2期末课程考试试卷B 适用专业： 考试时间： 考试时间：120分钟 闭卷 试卷总分：100分 (答案请写在答题纸上)
Part I. Summary Writing (20 %): Directions: Read the following passage. Write a summary of about 80 words. The “Hawthorne Effect”, one of the best-known experiments in sociology was conducted before World War II at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric. The management was eager to improve productivity and wanted to know what kind of incentives would encourage the workers to increase output. The researcher who investigated the problem, Elton Mayo, separated a group of women from the other workers and systematically varied lighting, coffee breaks, lunch hours, methods of payment, and so on. At first, Mayo and his associates were delighted: each new change increased levels of productivity. But when the researchers found that productivity rose no matter which variables were involved, they became suspicious. When the workers were finally returned to their original conditions, their productivity rose yet again! Something was seriously wrong with the researchers’ theoretical assumptions. Whatever had caused the changes in the dependent variable—productivity—it was not the independent variables the experimenters had introduced, and from this point of view the experiment was a failure. But the reasons for the experiment’s failure have taught sociologists a great deal. Production rose, it seems, because the women enjoyed all the attention they were getting: they became a tight-knit, cooperative group, they knew what effects the sociologists were trying to produce, and they did their best to please. This phenomenon—the contamination of the experiment by the subjects’ assumptions about what the sociologist is trying to prove—is still known as the Hawthorne effect. (239 words)
第 1 页 共 3 页A所需时间: 120分钟 闭卷考试 试卷总分：100分错误!未找到引用源。
. 将下列句翻译成对应的英语或中文(4×7分， 共28分)Although the state(Hawaii) is located in the tropical zone, its claimate is comfortable because of the ocean currents that pass its shores and winds that blow across the land from the northeast.London can be enchanting or frustrating, vibrant or drab, but residents and visitors alike are prepared to tolerate or ignore the city ’s shortcomings for its endless ability to entertain, surprise and reward.巫峡两岸，群山相拥，云遮雾绕，奇峰异岭隐没其间，宛如仙境。
异常的气候变化，森林面积的大幅减少，土地的沙漠化，温室效应的巨大影响，不仅影响了人类正常的生产生活，而且对世界经济也产生了巨大的负面影响。
错误!未找到引用源。
. 将下列一段中文译成英语（1×35分，共35分）In the land where Thomas Jefferson proclaimed the best government to be one that governs the least, we now see the most persnickety intrusions into daily life. You can’t smoke in public places, including bars and restaurants. You can’t use a cell phone in your car, thoughthat’s about the most useful place in the world to have one. Laws of all sorts prohibi t all kinds of behavior at the workplace, from casual touching to off-color jokes. Home is no haven, either. It is illegal in several cities to be in a state of undress if a peeping Tom across the way claims he glimpsed you. Neighbors are now legally entitled to report “inappropriate” noises coming from your apartment. The city of San Francisco encourages hairdressers to report domestic violence if they find suspicious bumps or scratches on their clients’ heads. Public schools have even legislated anti -bullying ordinances governing all sorts of commonplace juvenile behavior--name-calling, teasing and even “shunning,” or avoiding kids you don’t like. What’s next --dirty looks?Ⅲ.将下列一侧面中文译成英语 (1×37分，共37分)《那支长枪》是我至今较为满意的短篇，我在故事中的“我父亲”身上画下了我的侧影。
172大英II课文句子翻译题库1. For tunately—for Beethoven and for us—the next day in the same carriage, the canon came back to him, and this time he captured it in writing.好在当贝多芬第二天乘坐同一辆马车时，那首曲子又回到了他的脑海里，于是他把它记录了下来，这对于贝多芬和我们都可谓是一件幸事。
2. The sound startled him awake, and he would immediately sketch the images he had envisioned in that fertile world of semi-sleep.响声会将他惊醒，他便立刻把在那个似睡非睡时的丰富世界里脑海中所浮现出来的众多形象绘成草图。
3. There, and anywhere else you can be with your thoughts undisturbed, you'll find that ideas bubble to the surface almost unbidden.在那儿以及你的思维不受干扰的其它地方，你会发现你思如泉涌，那些创意想几乎是不请自来。
4. One puzzle I've watched students tackle is retrieving a ping-pong ball that has fallen to the bottom of a sealed, vertical drainpipe.我曾看见学生解决过一个难题，即取出落到一密封垂直排水管中的乒乓球。
5. The tools at their disposal are either too short to reach the ball or too wide to fit into the pipe, which is also too narrow to reach into by hand.他们可用的工具要么太短够不到球，要么太宽放不进排水管；而且排水管太窄也无法把手伸进去够到球。
大学英语精读2武汉东湖学院期末考试英译汉1The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boy's eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room.那个美国人没有参加这场争论，他只是注视着在座的其他客人。
在他这样观察时，他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。
她两眼盯着正前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。
她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。
男仆两眼睁得大大的，迅速地离开了餐室。
2 Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors .在座的客人中，除了那位美国人以外论证也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的阳台上。
3 Jefferson felt that the people "may safely be trusted to hear everything true and false, and to form a correct judgment. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter."杰斐逊觉得人民是“完全可以依赖的，应该让它们听到一切真实和虚伪的东西，然后作出正确的判断。
大一下学期英语翻译第一单元汉译英：1．她连水都不愿意一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。
She wouldn't take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner.2.他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是真话。
He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth.3.这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?4.他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。
The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。
Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6.我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。
We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.英译汉：1.I don’t think that he would commit robbery,much less would he commit violent robbery.我认为他不会抢劫,更不用说暴力抢劫了。
2. Men earn ten dollars an hour on average,whereas women only seven dollars.男工平均工资每小时10美元,而女工才每小时7美元。
新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 1答案TranslationX.1. She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3. How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?4. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.XI1. 我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。
2. 男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元。
3. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响。
4. 期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。
5. 有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。
其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。
6. 最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的40%。
Cloze1. C2.B3.B4.A5.D6.B7.C8.D9.A 10.C11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 2答案TranslationX.1. Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.2. Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.3. The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4. He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5. The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6. This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.XI.1. 尽管那项计划一开始就证明是不切实际的，但是他们还是坚持要实施。
大学英语读写译（二） 期末测试题（2） Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10 points) Directions: For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Will We Run Out of Water? Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages. Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate（provide water for）farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish. Similar large scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century. “Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as onethird of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages. Where Water Goes Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation（rain or snow）. Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.” Close to Home Water woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. （For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground）.Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel. Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting. The Source Where so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases. In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.）
