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专四英语语法句子成分分析

专四英语语法句子成分分析
专四英语语法句子成分分析

句子分析

新增题型有句子成分、句意理解及语法功能。

一、句子成分

如:which of the italicized parts functions as an object?

a. he doesn’t like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.

b. it is no use your pretending not to know the matter.

c. my parents strongly object to my going out alone at night.

d. her falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip.

[答案] c

[译文] 下列哪个句子中斜体的部分作宾语?

[解释] a 中斜体部分为介词短语修饰名词;b 中斜体部分为主语从句;c 中斜体部分为宾语,故为本题答案;d 中斜体部分为主语。

二、句意理解

认真对比题干选项,分辨出语义相同和不同的选项。如:

“the man preparing the documents is the firm’s lawyer” has all the following possible meanings except ?

a. the man who has prepared the documents…

b. the man who has been preparing the documents…

c. the man who is preparing the documents…

d. the man who will prepare the documents…

[答案] d

[译文] 下列哪个选项的意思与“the man preparing the document is the firm’s lawyer”不一致?

[解释] 本题考查现在分词结构与定语从句的替换。现在分词表达现在时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时,但不能表达将来时。

三、语法功能

还有些考题考查选项中的句子或句子中特定成分的语法功能。这类考题需要熟练掌握句子的结构分析和句意分析,扎实掌握核心语法中的各项语法规则。 which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?

a. she said it for fun, but others took her seriously.

b. for all its effort, the team didn’t win the match.

c. linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.

d. he set out for beijing yesterday.

[答案] a

[译文] 下列斜体的短语中,哪一个表示目的?

[解释] a意为“她是说着好玩的,但是其他人当真了。”,本句中for fun表示目的;

b意为“尽管非常努力,他们还是没能赢得这场比赛。”,本句中forall its effort表示转折;

c意为“琳达在那家公司工作了二十年。”,本句中for twenty years表示时间段;

d意为“昨天,他动身前往北京。”,本句中for beijing表示方向。因此,a为本题答案。

一、双宾语

英语中,有些及物动词可接两个宾语(双宾语),即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。常用句型为:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:

give me a cup of tea, please. 请给我一杯茶。

有时,间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语的后面。如:she passed him the salt. =she passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。

her uncle bought her an english-chinese dictionary yesterday. = her uncle bought an english-chinese dictionary for her yesterday. 昨天,她叔叔给她买了一本英汉词典。下面几种情况,通常要用介词to或for引起的短语:

1. 当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them)时。如:

the watch is li leis. please give it to him. 这块手表是李雷的。请把它给他。

2. 当强调间接宾语时。如:

mother cooks breakfast for us every day. 母亲每天都为我们做早饭。

3. 当间接宾语比直接宾语长时。如:

on the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person. 在公共汽车上,他经常把座位让给老人。注:由to连接间接宾语的动词有:pass, give, show, tell, lend, take 等;由for连接间接宾语的动词有:buy, cook, get, sing, make等。

可用下面方法来判断一个及物动词所带的是双宾语还是复合宾语:如果宾语与其后的成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓或主表关系,则该动词接的是复合宾语,否则就是双宾语。

二、复合宾语

英语中,有些及物动词接宾语后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,这样意思才完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称复合宾语。常用句型为:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词、动词不定式、介词短语等。

1. 接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有call, name, think, make等。如:

we call them mooncakes.

2. 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make, keep, think, find等。如:

at first i found chinese hard. 开始的时候,我发现汉语很难。

3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为下面三种情况:

2)接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有hear, see, watch, let, make 等。如: he made us laugh. 他使我们大笑。

3)接带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的是help。如:

she often helps her mother(to) do some housework. 她经常帮母亲做家务活。

4. 接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有watch, see, hear, find, keep等。如:in the country, he can hear birds singing. 在农村,他能听到鸟儿歌唱。

5. 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有find, keep, take等。如:

the boy found his pen on the floor. 这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔。

同源宾语

一、概念:

少数不及物动词后面能跟一个特定的名词作宾语,这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的,这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语(cognate object)。

含义:只有名词担任的能重复动词部分或全部意思的直接宾语,前面常有修饰语

二、用法:

1.常见的能带同源宾语的动词有:lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等。

例如:a. under the leadership of the party, the peasants are living a happy life.在党的领导下,现在农民们过着幸福的生活。

b. i dreamed a terrible dream last night. 昨晚,我做了一个恶梦。

c. our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last august.

去年八月份,我们的战士与洪水作斗争,打了一个漂亮仗。

d. he died a heroic death. 他英勇地死去。

2. 同源宾语前面可带形容词作定语。这时,“动词+定语+同源宾语”的结构在意义上相当于“动词+与定语意义相同的状语”。二者相比,前者语气更强一些。

professor smith died a sudden death last wednesday.

(= professor smith died suddenly last wednesday.)

史密斯教授上星期三突然去世了。

注意:同源宾语前面通常带有定语。

e.g.:fight a good fight

breathe a deep breath

laugh a foolish laugh

smile a forced smile

3. 同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时,该同源宾语常可以省去。

e.g.:you should run your fastest(race).你应该尽快地跑。

the old man breathed his last(breath)this morning.那位老人今天早晨停止呼吸,撒手西去了。篇二:英语语法分析-句子成分分析

一、英语中的句子成分分析

imetmybestfriendtom at the ststion yesterday.

主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语

1、主语:是一句的主体,是全句诉说的对象,常用名词、数词或代词担任(是全句谈论的中心话题)。例:

(1) students syudy.(名词) (2)we are fridends.(代词) (3)to go to good university is his first goal.(不定式)

(4)doing morning exercise is good for your health.(动名词) (5)jane is good at playing the piano. (6)four plus four is eight.

2、谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或动词词组担任,放在主语的后面(主语做什么了、怎么了)。例:

(1)students study.(实意动词)(2)we are friends.(be动词)(3)we love china .(4)he can speak english.(复合谓语) 3、宾语:表示行为的对象,常由名词或代词担任,放在及物动词或代词之后(动作的对象,目标;位于及物动词之后)。 (a)hegave 间接宾语直接宾语

(b)please pass me the book. (c)he bought me some flowers. (1)(3) (2) 4、宾语补足语:是对宾语进行补充说明,宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。5、定语:是用来说明或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任(是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词)。 (1)this is a red sun. (2)the black bike is mine.

(3)he is a tall boy. (4)she is a chemistry teacher. (5)the lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.

6、状语:是用来说明动词,形容词,副词、介词短语或整个句子的成分,常由副词担任。

(1)the students study hard. (2)i often write to him.

(3)the bag is too heavy. (4)i will be back in a while.

(1) this table is long . the apple tastes sweet.

(2) the war was over . they seem to know the truth.

通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语,谓语前的成分是状语,时间作状语放在句子的后面。

(定语)主语(状语)谓语(定语)宾语(状语)。 (1)(the tall)boy(often)go(to the big)zoo. (2)(the happy)child-went(his)home yesterday.

英语五种基本句型:基本句型一:s+v (主+谓)基本句型二:s+v+p(主+系+表) 基本句型三:s+v+o(主+谓+宾)

基本句型四:s+v+o+o (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

二、从句

从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独做一个句子。英语中主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,定语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从

句,包括时间,结果,条件,目的,原因,让步,地点,方式等)

1.主从作主语,例:that the earth is round is truth.

2.宾从作宾语,例:do you know where he lives?

3.表从左表语,:my opinion is that you should not go alone.

(一)主语从句

一、1、定义:作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。

2、引导词:主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导,that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例:

(1)what he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 (2)who will won the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 (3)it is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

(二)定语从句

1、关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。

关系词常有3个作用:(1)引导定语从句,(2)代替先行词,(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句: 1、who指人,在从句中作主语。

(1)the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2)yersterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2、whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1)mr. liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. (2)mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.

注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

3、which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4、that指人时相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。

英语语法——英语句子成分分析

句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。

1)主语:是一句的主体,是全句述说的对象,常用名词,数词或代词担任,一般放于句首。如:

students study. (学生学习。)

we are friends.(我们是朋友)

这两句话中单词students是个名词,we是代词,它们在句中做主语。

2)谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。如:

students study. (学生学习。)

we are friends. (我们是朋友)

这两句话中单词study和are都是动词,study叫做实意动词,are叫做be动词,它们在句中作谓语。

3)宾语:表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如: they are teachers. ( 他们是老师。)

i play with him. (我和他一起玩。)

这两句话中单词teachers是名词,单词him是带词,它们在句中作宾语。

4)定语:是用来说明或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前,相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如:

this is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.)

he is a tall boy.(他是个高个子男孩。)

这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词,它们作定语。

5)状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前,也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如:

the students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。)

i often write to him. (我常给他写信。)

the bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。)

这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词,第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词,它们都作状语。

6)表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如:this table is long. (这个桌子是长的。)

通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语,谓语前的成分是状语,时间词作状语

放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下:

(定语)主语(状语)谓语(定语)宾语(状语)

如:(the tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.

(the happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.

请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分

1)i have two elder sisters. (我有两个姐姐。)

2) they dont swim very well.(他们游泳不太好。)

3) do you go to school every day? (你每天去上学吗?)

4) i really want a cup of tea.(我真的想要一杯茶。)

5) miss smith teaches english very well.(史密斯先生教英语非常好。)

语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕,其实里面有很多趣味。

第一讲英语句子成分

warm-up:1)the teacher in the classroom. 2)sang many songs and danced happily.

3)she attracts. 4)many people living in the country. 5)all the books on the desk over there. 以上这些形式都不能构成英语句子。

英语句子(sentence)=主语+谓语(核心:主动词)

英语句子成分歌

英语句子八呀八大块,主谓宾表真呀真实在;

补语跟着宾语表语跑,定语同位(语)专把名词踹。

状语的位置它自由自在,忽右忽左随心所欲摆。

浑身的毛病真呀真不少,前后乱窜它还会加塞。(rap)

i.八大成分的概念和构成

1.主语(名词代词形):句子的主体,是谓语陈述,说明的对象。

if you want the rainbow you have to put up with the rain. 不经历风雨,怎么见彩虹。

the secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching.

成功的秘诀在于从磨练开始,并要坚持不断磨练。

充当主语的形式:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)名词从句5)数词6)不定式7)-ing 形式8)介词短语(少见)

形式主语(名词从句,不定式,动名词)(见第六讲主语和宾语)

2.谓语:表示主语的行为或进行的活动。

i have a dream.

you don’t always want what you need, or need what you want. 所需之物未必皆所欲,所欲未必皆所需。

谓语形式:动词(英语句子的灵魂)

3.宾语:行为或活动的对象,接受者或受影响者。

you don’t find opportunities…you make them.

你找不到机会。你得去创造机会。

you probably won’t hear opportunity knock if your television is always on.

如果你常开着电视,你就可能听不到机会的敲门声。

充当宾语形式:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)名词从句5)数词6)不定式7)-ing 形式

形式宾语(名词从句,不定式,动名词)(见第六讲主语和宾语)

4.表语:说明主语的身份和情况。(跟在系动词后)

time is money.

three o’clock is always too late or too early for anything you want to do.

你想做什么事,三点钟总是太早或太迟。

构成形式:1)名词2)形容词3)代词4)数词5)不定式6)ing形式7)过去分词8)副词9)介词短语10)小品词11)名词从句

5.补语:补充说明。(由动词类别来决定)

构成形式:1)名词2)代词3)形容词4)数词5)不定式6)-ing形式7)过去分词8)介词短语9)副词小品词10)名词从句

主语补语

tom was made monitor.

宾语补语

i made tom monitor.

表语补语

i am sure to succeed.

6.定语:对名词性形式进行范围限定。

7.this is beautiful music.

there are only two kinds of music…good and bad.

自古音乐分两种,好的和坏的。

构成形式:1)限定词2)形容词3)名词4)数词5)不定式6)-ing形式7)过去分词8)介词短语9)副词10)关系从句

8.同位语:对被修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。

puff, the magic dragon, lived by the sea.

构成形式:1)名词2)代词3)名词短语4)数词5)不定式6)-ing形式7)名词从句 9.状语:修饰词,短语,从句和整句。位置:自由自在。

1)修饰性状语:修饰动词,形容词,副词等(时间,地点,肯定,否定,程度,频度,方式,伴随,原因,目的,比较等)。

can you feel the love tonight?

只有出走又回家时,家才最感亲切。

i’ve never been to america, therefore i don’t know much about it.

3)评述性状语:修饰整个句子,表示说话人的看法或态度。

frankly speaking, the food is not very good.

ii.成分关系

1.补语跟着宾语表语跑:

补语跟在宾语和表语的后面构成宾补和表补。把有宾补的句子变成被动语态,则宾补就变成了主补。

to love others makes us happy…to love ourselves makes us lonely.(宾补)

we are made happy to love others…we are made lonely to love ourselves.(主补)爱他人使我们幸福,在自己使我们孤单。

2.定语,同位(语)专把名词踹:

定语,同位语修饰名词性形式

they are going to melbourne, the beautiful city in southern australia.(同位语所修饰的形式为名词)

3.谓语动词由状语修饰

你想摘下天上的星星,可能一个也摘不下;但也不会一无所获。

1、主语:

(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的。如:the painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。) / they fought against sars bravely. (他们勇敢地

与非典搏斗。) / to see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。)

(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略:(it is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。)/ (it) doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。) / (i) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。)

(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:the man looks worried,doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?) / tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)

(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。) (省略了主语) / you go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)

(7)主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的一致, 而谓语与表语或宾语之间没有这一要求。neither jim nor rose has passed the exam. (jim和rose都没有通过考试。) / the chinese people are a hardworking and brave people. (中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)

(8)主语可以由从句充当,详见“主语从句”。

2、谓语:

(1)由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如:

he travelled in space for the first time.(他首次在太空旅行。) / who teaches you english this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / the pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。) /

(2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:[情态动词]+[时态助动词]+[语态助动词]+[主要动词](不一定全部出现)。(见动词的时态和语态构成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如:

i am sorry i am making so much noise but i have to. (对不起我发出了太大的声音但是只能这样。) / he can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不可能读完了那本长达800页的小说。

英语语法大全 句子成分分析

句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分,叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种: 1、主语(subject)表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”,是谓语的陈述对象; 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任: The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。(名词) He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。(代词) To see is to believe.眼见为实。(动词不定式) Seeing is believing.眼见为实。(动名词) Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。(主语从句) It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。(不定式) 2、谓语动词(predicate verb)说明主语的动作或状态,由动词或动词短语担任: We study English.我们学习英语。(动词) The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。(动词短语) Do be quiet,children.孩子们,务必安静点。(助动词+连系动词) We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。(助动词+实义动词) Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。(情态动词+实义动词) 3、表语(predicative)说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份,与连系动词一起构成复合谓语,通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任: The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。(名词) The game is yours.你(们)胜了。(代词) I was first! 我第一名!(数词) I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。(形容词) Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗?(副词) I’m with you.我站在你这一边。(介词短语) Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。(动词不定式) Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。(动名词) The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。(现在分词) Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗?(过去分词) The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。(表语从句) That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方(表语从句) He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。(表语从句) 4、宾语(object)表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容,或用于介词后构成介词短语;通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任: May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。(名词) I want a little.我要一点。(代词) I need two.我需要两个。(数词) Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。(动词不定式) They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。(动名词) He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。(动名词作介词的宾语) I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。(从句)

英语专四语法总结

1.主谓一致 就近原则 1.由并列结构或连词(either…or, neither…nor,not…but, not only…but also, or 等)连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。 2. 在倒装句和there be句型中,谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。 例句:There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。 3. 在强调句中,连接代词又在句中作主语,这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。例句:It is Mary’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是Mary 的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。 意义一致原则 1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with,with,as well as,together with,no less than,besides,except, but, including等短语时,谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰,依然和主语保持一致。 例句:I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我,还有我姐姐,打算下个月去上海。 2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词(people,means,sheep,deer,fish等),其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义。 例句:All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备。 3. 多数情况下,由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时,其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例句:What I want to say is just “ Take care!”.我只想说:“多保重!” 4. 当主语与all, none, any,some等不定代词、形容词连用时,应根据具体句意,来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。 例句:All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.我对这家公司的了解都是昨天完他告诉我的。 5. “…+ (of) +名词”结构描述数量时,如果“of”后的名词为单数(不可数名词),则谓语动词用单数,如果名词为复数,则谓语动词用复数。 例句:Most of the water here is clean.大部分的水是干净的。 80% cotton has been sent to America.80%的棉花已经被送往美国。 Half of the apples are red.有一半儿的苹果是红的。 6. 词组“a number of, a great/good many, a group of +可数名词复数”的结构作主语时,谓语动词应用复数;如果冠词a变为the,则谓语动词用单数。 例句: A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war.许多的古代建筑在战争中被毁。 The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 游客的数量今年减少了。 7. 英语的集体名词(committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union ,clergy, mankind,militia,police,people,poultry等词),指代“整体”时为单数;指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。 例句:My family was very poor when I was a little girl.当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候,我家很穷。

英语语法-句子成分-详解

英语语法-句子成分-详解 一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分:主语、谓语;可能有的成分:宾语、补语、修饰语(定语、状语、同位语)。 主语和宾语 主语 1)主语一般在句子开头,是句子的“陈述对象”,通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。如: The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。 What we need is a good rest. 我们需要的是好好休息一下。 "I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.

情人节时,经常听到有人说”我爱你“。 2)形式主语与真实主语 主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时,常会放在句尾,用"it"代替它原来的位置,这个"it"被称为形式主语,放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。如: It's very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。(不定式短语为真实主语,it为形式主语) It's a pity that you can't come. 你不能来真是件遗憾的事。(句子为真实主语,it为形式主语) 宾语 1)宾语是行为动作的对象,一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语,充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。如:I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。

英语语法、句式、简单句子结构(透彻分析)

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主语系表语主语系表语(介词短语) ▲定语只修饰名词,不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当,形容词放在所修饰的名词之前,而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后,请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。 介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词

6.教室里。 形容词介词短语 The teacher is handsome. My book is 表语(介词短语)定语(介词短语) She is 介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语,虽然它们词性相同,但由于词序不同,它们所起到的作用也不同,当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。 课堂练习 1 1是

英语专四语法试题

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如:in, on, from, above, behind. 8、连词 ( conj.) :用来连接词、短语或句子。 如:and, but, before . 9、感叹词 ( interj..) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如:oh, well, hi, hello. 二)、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如: I ’mMiss Green.( 我是格林小姐 ) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态 , 回答“做 ( 什么 ) ”。主要由动词担任。 如:Jack cleans the room every day.( 杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如:My name is Ping ping .( 我的名字叫萍萍) 3、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.( 他能拼这个词) 4、有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物 , 一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . ( 他给我写了一封信 )

完整版专四英语语法考点教学内容

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