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药理-药学英语

药理-药学英语
药理-药学英语

Pharmacology:

Neuro- : neuropathy 神经病

neuron 神经元

neuronal 神经细胞

neurology 神经病学

nerve 神经

neuro-transmitter 神经介质

acute 急性chronic 慢性subacute 亚急性

hemo- 和血液有关的hemoglobin 血红蛋白

hemorrhagic 出血的

CNS:central nervous system

PNS:peripheral nervous system

drug development and research 药物开发和研究

developer 展开剂

-ia:疾病名称ischemia 出血状态

pneumonia 肺炎

clinical trail 临床试验preclinical 临床前

efficacy 疗效effective. effectiveness 疗效

the drugs for the treatment 治疗…的药物

thrombotic 血栓形成的thromb 血栓thrombosis 血栓形成embolic 栓塞性的embolism 栓塞

-lysis 溶解:hydrolysis 水解

lyse 溶解

embolus 栓子

lympho- 淋巴

inflame 发炎

inflammation 炎症

inflammatory response/ reaction 炎症反应

inflammatory mediator 炎症介质

inter- 间intra- 内intraderinal 皮内

reversible 可逆的irreversible 不可逆的

draft label 申报材料

NDA:new drug application 新药申请

erythrocyte 红细胞leukocytes 白细胞platelet 血小板

infusion静滴注venous injection 静注bolus injection 推注negative control group 阴性对照positive control group 阳性对照treatment group / untreated group 未加任何药物的

blinded assessment 盲法评价

double blind / single blind 双盲/ 单盲

EAAs excitory amino acids 兴奋氨基酸

IAAs 抑制氨基酸

severe adverse effects 严重不良反应

adverse drug reaction (ADR)药物不良反应

untoward drug reaction / toxic effect

allergic reaction 变态反应过敏反应

withdrawal period 停药反应期

excitory effect 兴奋效果inhibitory effect 抑制效果

complication 并发症

congestion heart failure CHF

chronic heart insufficiency 慢性心功能不全

permanent occlusion animals models 永久性动物结扎模型

transient occlusion animals models 暂时性动物结扎模型

therapeutic index 治疗指数Ti

dose-ranging study 剂量范围确定实验

dose-escalation safety trail 剂量递增安全性研究

serum 血清plasma 血浆whole blood 全血

safety margin 安全界限

exposure 暴露量=AUC

diffusion-perfusion magnetic resonance imaging techniques 磁共振扩散灌注影像技术

lesion damage injury impairment 损伤

facilitated diffusion 易化扩散

passive transport 被动转运

active transport 主动转运

surrogate 可替代的

surrogate marker 替代标记物

tumor marker 肿瘤标记物

biomarker 生物标记物

oxidase 氧化酶

sulf- 硫

ethyl-乙基

propyl-丙基

ethylene 乙烯

methanol 甲醇

biological implication 生物学作用

traumatic brain injury (TBI)创伤性脑损伤

decompose ingredient composition component constituent element essence 成分

cerebral blood flow (CBF)脑血流

intracranial pressure (ICP)颅内压

mean blood pressure

systemic blood pressure 全身血压

systolic blood pressure (SBP)收缩压

diastolic blood pressure (DBP)舒张压

potent diuretic 强效利尿剂

free radical scavenger 自由基清除剂

glutamate 谷氨酸盐

excitotoxic 兴奋性毒性

thrombus formation 血栓形成

vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)血管平滑肌细胞

in vitro cerebral metabolism 体外脑细胞代谢

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 核磁共振波谱法

guinea pig 豚鼠

pyruvate 丙酮酸盐

Krebs cycle 三羧酸循环

glycolytic 糖酵解的

lactate 乳酸盐

alanine 丙氨酸

mitochondrial proton gradient 线粒体质子梯度

be secondary to 继发于be primary to 原发于

parenchyma 脑实质

hypometabolism 低代谢

penumbral neurons 半暗带神经元

secondary damage 继发性损伤

excitatory neurotransmitter 兴奋性神经递质

neuronal energy crisis 神经元能量代谢异常

preventive 预防性

secondary damage on penumbral neurous undergoing cerebral ischemia 脑缺血引起的半暗带神经元继发性损伤

brain edema 脑水肿

cytotoxicity 细胞毒性

pathophysiology 病理生理

clinical pilot studies 临床试验性研究

neurological course 神经病变过程

administered 给药

administering route 给药途径

cerebral bleeding 脑出血

ionotropic receptor channels 离子型受体通道

oxidative or metabolic stress 氧化或代谢应激

hypoperfusion 血流灌注不足

bilateral occlusion 双侧结扎

common carotid arteries 颈总动脉

reoxygenation 复氧

electroencephalogram EEP 脑电图

Medicinal chemistry:

drug candidate 候选药物

exhibit/ display 显示出

secondary activity 次要活性

motion sickness 晕车病

smoking cessation aid 戒烟药物

angina 心绞痛

phosphodiesterase-5 磷酸二酯酶-5

hydrolyze 水解

vasodilator 扩血管剂

blood flow 血流量

sildenafil citrate 枸橼酸西地那非

given…… 鉴于…

drug degradation 药物降解

in vivo 在体

in vitro 体外

sulindac 舒林酸

terfenadine 特非那定

buildup 积蓄作用

block the enzyme 抑制酶

metabolite 代谢物

nonsedating antihistamine 非镇静抗组胺剂

be screened for 被筛选为

second messenger molecular 第二信使分子

enzyme guanylate cyclase 鸟苷酸环化酶

smooth muscle 平滑肌

rational approaches 合理药物设计

trial-and-error 反复试验

random screening 随机筛选

no intellectualization 非智能化

sulfa drugs 磺胺类药物

when nothing is known about the receptor target 未知靶点the National Cancer Institute (NCI)美国国家癌症研究生

a mouse tumor bioassay 小鼠肿瘤生物检测试验

soil samples 土壤样品

streptomycin 链霉素

tetracyclines 四环素

modulation of a specific biological target 特定生物靶点的调控therapeutic value 治疗价值

biomolecule 生物大分子

disease linkage studies 疾病连锁分析

drugable 成药性

screening assay 药物筛选模型

virtual screen 虚拟筛选法

wet screen 湿法筛选分析

lead discovery 先导化合物的发现

lead modification 先导化合物的结构优化

oral bioavailability 口服生物利用度

Lipinski's Rule of Five Linpinski的类药5原则

prototype compound 原型化合物

computer-aided drug design(CADD)计算机药物辅助设计

lead compound 先导化合物

structural modification 结构优化

novel active compounds 新型活性化合物

serendipity 偶然发现

bounded rationality 有限合理

imbalance 失衡

invasion 入侵

aberrant cell growth 异常细胞生长

serotonin 5-羟色胺

indomethacin 吲哚美辛

imatinib 伊马替尼

Philadelphia chromosome 费城染色体

rapidly dividing cells 快速分裂的细胞

not differentiating between cancer cells and other tissues 对癌症细胞和其他正常组织细胞缺乏选择性

glycyrrhetinic acid 甘草次酸

antioxidant activity 抗氧化活性

in vitro 体外

liver microsomes 肝微粒体

free radical 自由基/游离基

hydroxylated 羟基化

exhibit 显示了

respectively 分别是(讲两个东西)

-diene 二烯

ROS scavenging activity ROS清除活性

reference / positive control 阳性对照

-keto 酮羰基

hydroxyl 羟基

in view the these results 纵观实验结果

pathological 病理

atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化

cardiovascular diseases 心血管疾病

diabetes 糖尿病

intervention 干预

pharmaceutical agents 药效试剂

prophylactic 预防性

pharmaceutical research and development 药物研发

triterpenoid 三萜

licorice 甘草

aglycone 配基

glycyrrhizin 甘草酸

pentacyclic triterpene 五环三萜

have been shown to 已经显示了

antiulcerative effect 抗溃疡作用

hypolipidemic 降脂

ammonium salt 铵盐

superoxide dismutase (SOD)超氧化歧化酶malondiadehyde (MDA)丙二醛

cholesterol 胆固醇

triglycerides 甘油三脂

at concentration of 25mg/kg 在...的剂量下

atherosclerotic 动脉粥样硬化

hypercholesterolemic 高胆固醇

lesion 损伤

carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳

hepatotoxicity 肝毒性

pseudoaldosteronism 假性醛固酮增多症

cardiovascular active agent 心血管活性药物

proceed a comparative study 进行了深入的研究

microsomal 微粒体

pharmacophore 药效团

proposed an hypothesis 提出假设

inreference 参考文献

hydrolyzed 水解

hydrogenation 加氢反应

ethanol absolute 绝对乙醇

controlling rigorously the hydrogen consumption 严格控制氧耗量thin layer chromatography (TLC)薄层色谱

nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁

chemical shift 化学位移

tetramethysilane 四甲基硅

mass spectroanalysis 质谱

diglucuronide 二葡萄糖甘酸

colorless needless 无色针状结晶

常用药学名词(中-英文)对照

常用药学名词(中-英文)对照 发布时间: 2007年6月12日人气:1363 ℃责任编辑: admin-cy 药学名词(中-英) 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 酶 Janbon综合症Janbon's syndrome[驱到一起] PPB浓度parts per billion concentration pphm浓度parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度parts per hundred concentration ppm浓度parts per million concentration 安全范围safety range 安全试验法inno cuity test method(里面没有伤害心) 安全系统safety coefficient 安慰剂Placebo(放盒子里) 螯合剂chelating agent (车晚了) 靶细胞target cell 白蛋白微球制剂albumin micro balloons(爱儿不明,白蛋更白) 百分浓度percentage concentration 半合成抗生素semi synthetic antibiotics 半抗原haptene 半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50

半衰期half-life period; half life time 包衣片coated tablet 薄膜衣film-coating 饱和溶液saturated solution 贝克勒尔Becquerel 被动免疫passive immunity 被动转运passive transport 崩解度disintegration 崩解剂disintegrants 必需氨基酸essential aminoacid 必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid 变态反应allergy; allergic reaction 表面活性surface activity 表面张力surface tension 丙种射线gamma rays 补体complement 补体系统complement system 不良反应adverse reaction 不完全抗原incomplete antigen 搽剂liniments 长期毒性实验long term toxicity test 长效制剂prolonged action preparation 肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation

药学专业英语药学词汇

6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症 Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度 parts per billion concentration pphm浓度 parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度 parts per hundred concentration ppm浓度 parts per million concentration 安全范围 safety range 安全试验法 innocuity test method 安全系统 safety coefficient 安慰剂 placebo 螯合剂 chelating agent 靶细胞 target cell 白蛋白微球制剂 albumin microballoons 百分浓度 percentage concentration 半合成抗生素 semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原 haptene 半数致死剂量 half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期 half-life period; half life time 包衣片 coated tablet 薄膜衣 film-coating 饱和溶液 saturated solution 贝克勒尔 Becquerel 被动免疫 passive immunity 被动转运 passive transport

崩解度 disintegration 崩解剂 disintegrants 必需氨基酸 essential aminoacid 必需脂肪酸 essential fatty acid 变态反应 allergy; allergic reaction 表面活性 surface activity 表面张力 surface tension 丙种射线 gamma rays 补体 complement 补体系统 complement system 不良反应 adverse reaction 不完全抗原 incomplete antigen 搽剂 liniments 长期毒性实验 long term toxicity test 长效制剂 prolonged action preparation 肠肝循环 enterohepatic circulation 肠溶控释片 enteric controlled release tablets 肠溶衣 enteric coating 处方 prescription;recipe 穿透促进剂 penetration enhancers 磁性控释制剂 magnetic controlled release dosage form 磁性药物制剂 magnetic medicinal preparations 大分子 macromolecule 单克隆抗体 monoclonal antibody

整理药学英语药名常用词首词尾前缀和后缀

药名常用词首 ace- 乙(酰基) acetyl- 乙酰(基) acet- 醋;醋酸;乙酸 acetamido- 乙酰胺基 acetenyl- 乙炔基 acetoxy- 醋酸基;乙酰氧基 aetio- 初aetiocholanolone本胆烷醇酮allo- 别allocholane 别胆烷allyl- 烯丙(基);CH2=CH-CH2- amido- 酰胺(基) amino- 氨基 amyl- ①淀粉②戊(基) amylo- 淀粉 andr-、andro-雄 anilino- 苯胺基 anisoyl- 茴香酰;甲氧苯酰 anti- 抗 apo- 阿朴;去水 aryl- 芳(香)基 phen-(=pheno-) 表示“苯基, 苯衍生的”之义(用于元音之前) benzo- [化]表示“与苯有关”之义phene=benzene 苯 aspartyl- 门冬氨酰 auri- 金(基);(三价)金基 aza- 氮(杂) azido- 叠氮 azo- 偶氮 basi- 、baso- 碱 benxoyl- 苯酰;苯甲酰 benzyl- 苄(基);苯甲酰 bi- 二;双;重 biphenyl- 联苯基 bis- 双;二 bor-、boro- 硼 bromo- 溴 butenyl- 丁烯基(有1、2、3位三种)butoxyl- 丁氧基 butyl- 丁基 butyryl- 丁酰 cardio- 心 chem(o) 化学 com(n)- 共同的 cyclo-、ciclo- 、cycl- 、cyclo- 环 Co- 共同 calc-、calci-、calco-钙 cephalo- 头孢(头孢菌素族抗生素词首) chlor- 、chloro-①氯②绿 clo- 氯 cis- 顺 crypto- 隐cryptogenetics隐性遗传学 de- 、des-去;脱 dec- 、deca-十;癸 dehydro- 去氢;去水 demethoxy- 去甲氧(基) demethyl-、desmethyl- 去甲(基)deoxy- 、desoxy- 去氧 dex-、dextro- 右旋 di- 二 diamino- 二氨基 diazo- 重氮 dihydro- 二氢;双氢 endo- 内部 epi- 表;差向 epoxy- 环氧 erythro- 红;赤 estr- 雌estrane 雌(甾)烷 ethinyl- 乙炔(基) ethoxyl- 乙氧(基) ethyl- 乙基 etio- 初 eu- 优eubacterium [微]真细菌fluor-、fluoro- ①氟②荧光 formyl- 甲酰(基) gen- 产生、源头 gly(u)- 、glyco 糖 guanyl- 脒基 hexa- 六;己 hepta- 七;庚 homo- 同类的 hydro- 氢的,水的 hyper 高 hypo 低 hetero- 杂 hypo- 次

药学英语

《药学英语》课程教学大纲 一、课程教学目的与任务 开设药学英语旨在从培养高级应用型人才的目标出发,结合药学及相关专业学生毕业后的工作实际,力求为他们提供其未来工作岗位所需要的专业英语知识和技能。通过教学,提高学生借助辞典和其他工具书籍,阅读国外文献的能力,并为将来我国执业药师与国际接轨做准备。 二、理论教学的基本要求 学完该课程后,在知识、技能和能力上分别应达到的以下程度: 了解英文药学文献的写作特点和格式,学习如何分析和理解英语长句。英国药典和美国药典的背景知识和使用方法,了解FDA的职责和功能;理解各章节PartA部分课文意思及PartB部分药品说明书中的常见例句;掌握掌握药品说明书必须书写的10个项目及其常用词汇,能够归纳出一些常见的化学基团的英文词缀;能用所学知识书写简单的英语药品说明书。 三、实践教学的基本要求 本课程实践学时全部以课堂对话形式进行,无单独实验项目。 四、教学学时分配

五、教学内容 Unit1 教学目的和要求:通过本章节学习,理解课文意思;掌握药品说明书的作用、项目;能够归纳出一些常见的化学基团的英文词缀。 教学重点:常用专业单词,如Pharmaceutical等的用法。 教学难点:文章翻译;常见的化学基团的英文词缀。 主要内容:PartAForeign Investment in Chinese Pharmaceutical Sector;PartB第1节药品名称;PartCChina—from self-sufficiency to World Leadership。 Unit 2 教学目的和要求:通过本章节学习,使学生理解课文意思;掌握常用专业单词,如supervision等的用法;掌握描述药物性状的常见句型;掌握药物性状的常用表达方式。 教学重点:常见的药物性状。 教学难点:常见描述药物性状的单词或短语。 主要内容:PartAFDA: Policeman or Teacher;PartB第2节药物性状;PartC Data Required for Drug Approval。 Unit 3 教学目的和要求:通过本章节学习,使学生掌握英文药品说明书中描写适应症的常见描短语或句型,常用专业单词,如临床药理(Clinical Pharmacology)、药效(Potency)、毒性(Toxicity)等。 教学重点:英文药品说明书中描写适应症的常见描短语或句型。 教学难点:文章翻译。 主要内容:PartA Pharmacological Tablet;PartB第2节药物性状。 Unit 4 教学目的和要求:通过本章节学习,使学生理解课文意思;掌握英文药品说明书中常见描写适应症、禁忌症的短语或句型。 教学重点:英文药品说明书中常见描写适应症、禁忌症的短语或句型。 教学难点:文章翻译。 主要内容:PartA Chemistry and Matter;PartB第4节适应症、第5节禁忌症。 Unit 5 教学目的和要求:通过本章节学习,使学生掌握英文药品说明书中描写用法用量及不良反应的常见短语或句型。常用专业单词,如常用表示剂量的术语平均剂量(average dose)、常用的剂量单位表示法、每次给药次数的表示方法:每隔…小时(every …hours)、每日三次(three times a day /daily)等。 教学重点:英文药品说明书中描写用法用量及不良反应的常见短语或句型。

药学英语第五版原文翻译 (2)(2020年7月整理).pdf

Introduction to Physiology Introduction Physiology is the study of the functions of living matter. It is concerned with how an organism performs its varied activities: how it feeds, how it moves, how it adapts to changing circumstances, how it spawns new generations. The subject is vast and embraces the whole of life. The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily tasks is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry. Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology—the replication of the genetic code for or example—many are specific to particular groups of organisms. For this reason it is necessary to divide the subject into various parts such as bacterial physiology, plant physiology, and animal physiology. To study how an animal works it is first necessary to know how it is built. A full appreciation of the physiology of an organism must therefore be based on a sound knowledge of its anatomy. Experiments can then be carried out to establish how particular parts perform their functions. Although there have been many important physiological investigations on human volunteers, the need for precise control over the experimental conditions has meant that much of our present physiological knowledge has been derived from studies on other animals such as frogs, rabbits, cats, and dogs. When it is clear that a specific physiological process has a common basis in a wide variety of animal species, it is reasonable to assume that the same principles will apply to humans. The knowledge gained from this approach has given us a great insight into human physiology and endowed us with a solid foundation for the effective treatment of many diseases. The building blocks of the body are the cells, which are grouped together to form tissues. The principal types of tissue are epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular, each with its own characteristics. Many connective tissues have relatively few cells but have an extensive extracellular matrix. In contrast, smooth muscle consists of densely packed layers of muscle cells linked together via specific cell junctions. Organs such as the brain, the heart, the lungs, the intestines, and the liver are formed by the aggregation of different kinds of tissues. The organs are themselves parts of distinct physiological systems. The heart and blood vessels form the cardiovascular system; the lungs, trachea, and bronchi together with the chest wall and diaphragm form the respiratory system; the skeleton and skeletal muscles form the musculoskeletal system; the brain, spinal cord, autonomic nerves and ganglia, and peripheral somatic nerves form the nervous system, and so on. Cells differ widely in form and function but they all have certain 生理学简介 介绍 生理学是研究生物体功能的科学。它研究生物体如何进行各种活动,如何饮食,如何运动,如何适应不断改变的环境,如何繁殖后代。这门学科包罗万象,涵盖了生物体整个生命过程。生理学成功地解释了生物体如何进行日常活动,基于的观点是生物体好比是结构复杂而灵巧的机器,其操作受物理和化学规律控制。 尽管从生物学整个范畴看,生物体某些活动过程是相似的——如基因编码的复制——但许多过程还是某些生物体群组特有的。鉴于此有必要将这门学科分成不同部分研究,如细菌生理学、植物生理学和动物生理学。 要研究一种动物如何活动,首先需要了解它的构成。要充分了解一个生物体的生理学活动就必须掌握全面的解剖学知识。一个生物体的各部分起着什么作用可通过实验观察得知。尽管我们对志愿者进行了许多重要的生理调查,但是实验条件需要精确控制,所以我们当前大多生理知识还是源于对其它动物如青蛙,兔子,猫和狗等的研究。当我们明确大多数动物物种的特定生理过程存在共同之处时,相同的生理原理适用于人类也是合理的。通过这种方法,我们获得了大量的知识,从而让我们对人类生理学有了更深入的了解,为我们有效治疗许多疾病提供了一个坚实的基础。 机体的基本组成物质是细胞,细胞结合在一起形成组织。组织的基本类型有上皮组织,结缔组织,神经组织和肌组织,每类组织都有各自的特征。许多结缔组织中细胞量相对较少,但是有大量的细胞外基质。相比而言,光滑的肌组织由大量密密麻麻的肌细胞通过特定的细胞连接组成。各种器官如脑,心脏,肺,小肠和肝等由不同种类的组织聚集而成。这些器官是不同生理系统的组成部分。心脏和血管组成心血管系统;肺,器官,支气管,胸壁和膈肌组成呼吸系统;骨骼和骨骼肌组成骨骼肌系统;大脑,脊髓,自主神经和神经中枢以及

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药学名词(中-英)6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度parts per billion concentration pphm 浓度parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度parts per hundred concentration ppm 浓度parts per million concentration 安全范围safety range 安全试验法innocuity test method 安全系统safety coefficient 安慰剂placebo 螯合剂chelating agent 靶细胞target cell 白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons 百分浓度percentage concentration 半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原haptene 半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期half-life period; half life time 包衣片coated tablet 薄膜衣film-coating 饱和溶液saturated solution 贝克勒尔Becquerel 被动免疫passive immunity 被动转运passive transport 崩解度disintegration 崩解剂disintegrants 必需氨基酸essential aminoacid 必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid 变态反应allergy; allergic reaction 表面活性surface activity 表面张力surface tension 丙种射线gamma rays 补体complement 补体系统complement system 不良反应adverse reaction 不完全抗原incomplete antigen 搽剂liniments 长期毒性实验long term toxicity test 长效制剂prolonged action preparation 肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation 肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets 肠溶衣enteric coating 处方prescription;recipe 穿透促进剂penetration enhancers 磁性控释制剂magnetic controlled release dosage form 磁性药物制剂magnetic medicinal preparations 大分子macromolecule 单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody 胆碱酯酶cholinesterase 当量equivalent weight 当量定律equivalent law 当量浓度normality 当量溶液normal solution 等张溶液isotonic solution 低聚糖oligosaccharides 低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein 滴定titration 滴定曲线titration curve 滴丸剂 pill 递质transmitter 电解electrolyzation 电解质electrolyte 酊剂tincture 定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations 毒理学toxicology 毒性反应toxic response; toxic reaction 短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test 对因治疗etiological treatment 对映体antipode 对症治疗symptomatic treatment 多功能酶multifunctional enzyme 多剂量给药multiple dose administration 多糖polyose 多肽polypeptide 儿茶酚胺catecholamine 二重感染superinfection 发酵fermentation 法定处方official formula

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广东药学院 精品课程、优质课程申报书 课程名称药学专业英语 课程性质□公共必修课□基础必修课 □专业主要课程□其它 申报类型□精品课程□优质课程 课程负责人曾爱华 所属二级学院药科学院(盖章) 所属教研室药学综合教研室 申报日期2009 年 5 月18 日 广东药学院教务处制

1.课程基本信息及指导思想

课程教育思想观念 《药学专业英语》课程是药学英语特色专业的一项重要专业课,是学生在学完公共英语之后的延续,其要旨在于帮助学生完成从基础英语到专业英语的过渡。 药学专业英语是一门英语与药学交叉的科目,在讲授专业英语课时,首先主要通过教师在课堂上用英语讲授,配以课堂讨论,并要求学生以英语发言,提高学生的英语听说能力;其次布置大量阅读材料让学生自学,通过教师的适当检查,或让学生在课堂上讲解,提高学生阅读专业英语书籍的能力;最后将部分专业阅读材料布置给学生做学习翻译的课外练习,在课堂上讨论学生作业中的错误和翻译技巧问题,提高学生翻译的技能。在教学过程中,注意培养学生独立思考和学习的能力,使学生在课程结束后,在实际工作中,能较流畅地阅读专业英语资料,为进一步的工作和科研奠定基础。 我们认为,在当今社会发展日新月异的情况下,在授课过程中我们力争做到面向每个学生,充分考虑学生的个性,充分发挥每一位学生的主动性和潜能,进而建立平等、和谐的师生关系。从教师的职责而言: (1)教师是学生学习的设计者与帮助者。 (2)教师应成为创新思维型、学者型教师。 (3)教师要与时俱进,终身学习。

为了提高教师本身的素质,我们认为: (1)积极参加教学研究活动是转变教师教育观念的最有效途径,鼓励教师参与教学研究,尤其是参与教学方法改革、课程改革等方面的研究。多参加教学课题的申报、实施和积累。 (2)观察学习。要求年轻教师积极参加听教学经验丰富老教师的授课,使教师能在学习别人良好经验的过程中更新自己的教育方式。观察学习是学习者通过有意识的观察和学习,并对自己观察到的内容进行消化和吸收,在此基础上加以创新。 (3)教学小组研讨会。 针对某一有代表性的教育、教学事件,教师之间可以展开小组讨论。教研室要积极进行教师教学集体备课。 说明:1、本申报书各项内容阐述时请注意以事实和数据为依据,各表格不够可加页。 2、申报精品课程必须有课程网站,未被评选为精品课程者自动参与优质课程评选。 2. 师资队伍

药学英语第五版原文翻译

IntroductiontoPhysiology Introduction Physiologyisthestudyofthefunctionsoflivingmatter.Itisconcernedwithhowanorganismperformsitsv ariedactivities:howitfeeds,howitmoves,howitadaptstochangingcircumstances,howitspawnsnewgenerati ons.Thesubjectisvastandembracesthewholeoflife.Thesuccessofphysiologyinexplaininghoworganismsp erformtheirdailytasksisbasedonthenotionthattheyareintricateandexquisitemachineswhoseoperationisgo vernedbythelawsofphysicsandchemistry. Althoughsomeprocessesaresimilaracrossthewholespectrumofbiology—thereplicationofthegenetic codefororexample—manyarespecifictoparticulargroupsoforganisms.Forthisreasonitisnecessarytodivid ethesubjectintovariouspartssuchasbacterialphysiology,plantphysiology,andanimalphysiology. Tostudyhowananimalworksitisfirstnecessarytoknowhowitisbuilt.Afullappreciationofthephysiolog yofanorganismmustthereforebebasedonasoundknowledgeofitsanatomy.Experimentscanthenbecarriedo uttoestablishhowparticularpartsperformtheirfunctions.Althoughtherehavebeenmanyimportantphysiolo gicalinvestigationsonhumanvolunteers,theneedforprecisecontrolovertheexperimentalconditionshasmea ntthatmuchofourpresentphysiologicalknowledgehasbeenderivedfromstudiesonotheranimalssuchasfrog s,rabbits,cats,anddogs.Whenitisclearthataspecificphysiologicalprocesshasacommonbasisinawidevariet yofanimalspecies,itisreasonabletoassumethatthesameprincipleswillapplytohumans.Theknowledgegain edfromthisapproachhasgivenusagreatinsightintohumanphysiologyandendoweduswithasolidfoundation fortheeffectivetreatmentofmanydiseases. Thebuildingblocksofthebodyarethecells,whicharegroupedtogethertoformtissues.Theprincipaltype softissueareepithelial,connective,nervous,andmuscular,eachwithitsowncharacteristics.Manyconnective tissueshaverelativelyfewcellsbuthaveanextensiveextracellularmatrix.Incontrast,smoothmuscleconsists https://www.doczj.com/doc/f19202649.html,anssuchasthebrain,theh eart,thelungs,theintestines,andtheliverareformedbytheaggregationofdifferentkindsoftissues.Theorgans arethemselvespartsofdistinctphysiologicalsystems.Theheartandbloodvesselsformthecardiovascularsyst em;thelungs,trachea,andbronchitogetherwiththechestwallanddiaphragmformtherespiratorysystem;thes keletonandskeletalmusclesformthemusculoskeletalsystem;thebrain,spinalcord,autonomicnervesandgan glia,andperipheralsomaticnervesformthenervoussystem,andsoon. Cellsdifferwidelyinformandfunctionbuttheyallhavecertaincommoncharacteristics.Firstly,theyareb oundedbyalimitingmembrane,theplasmamembrane.Secondly,theyhavetheabilitytobreakdownlargemol eculestosmalleronestoliberateenergyfortheiractivities.Thirdly,atsomepointintheirlifehistory,theyposses sanucleuswhichcontainsgeneticinformationintheformofdeoxyribonucleicacid(DNA). Livingcellscontinuallytransformmaterials.Theybreakdownglucoseandfatstoprovideenergyforother activitiessuchasmotilityandthesynthesisofproteinsforgrowthandrepair.Thesechemicalchangesarecollect ivelycalledmetabolism.Thebreakdownoflargemoleculestosmalleronesiscalledcatabolismandthesynthes isoflargemoleculesfromsmalleronesanabolism. Inthecourseofevolution,cellsbegantodifferentiatetoservedifferentfunctions.Somedevelopedtheabil itytocontract(musclecells),otherstoconductelectricalsignals(nervecells).Afurthergroupdevelopedtheabi litytosecretedifferentsubstancessuchashormonesorenzymes.Duringembryologicaldevelopment,thispro cessofdifferentiationisre-enactedasmanydifferenttypesofcellareformedfromthefertilizedegg. Mosttissuescontainamixtureofcelltypes.Forexample,bloodconsistsofredcells,whitecells,andplatele ts.Redcellstransportoxygenaroundthebody.Thewhitecellsplayanimportantroleindefenseagainstinfection 生理学简介 介绍 生理学是研究生物体功能的科学。它研究生物体如何进行各种活动,如何饮食,如何运动,如何适应不断改变的环境,如何繁殖后代。这门学科包罗万象,涵盖了生物体整个生命过程。生理学成功地

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