2018年高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第一节六大解题技巧
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全国高考英语阅读理解9大题型特点及解题技巧提起英文阅读理解很多同学一把“辛酸泪”生词多,读不懂。
即使单词都认识常常还是读不懂一旦读不懂就影响做题的时间和质量今天整理了高中英语考试中阅读理解的九大题型和解题技巧帮助你提高做题的正确率例证题1.例证题的标记。
当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。
2.返回原文,找出该例证所在的位置,既给该例子定位。
3.搜索该例证周围的区域,90%向上,10%向下,找出该例证支持的观点。
例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。
注意:举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。
举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。
4.找出该论点,并与四个选项比较,得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
5.例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是:就事论事。
即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。
(╳)要求:在阅读中,遇到长的例子,立即给这个例子定位,即找出起始点,从哪开始到哪结束。
指代题1.返回原文,找出出题的指代词。
2.向上搜索,找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找,找不到再找次近的,一般答案不会离得太远)。
3.将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词,看其意思是否通顺。
4.将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较,找出最佳答案。
词汇题“搜索代入”法①返回原文,找出该词汇出现的地方。
②确定该词汇的词性③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找),代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相,即答案注意:a.如果该词汇是简单词汇,则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。
b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识,而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。
经验总结高考英语阅读题6大答题方法高考英语阅读题6大答题方法1. 略读*抓大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览*的大小标题、首段、每段的首句,以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分,以了解*的基本结构和内容大意。
事实上,一般只需花5~10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。
2. 重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺,解题时大多只看上句,或只看下句,就可基本确定答案。
事实上,如果没有时间来得及通读或细读,或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂,建议通过以下技巧,也基本上可以得满分。
3. 看看结构变轻松在解题过程中,除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外,通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小,心情变得更加轻松,一般可将7个选项缩小到2~4个选项,碰对的机率大大提高。
(1)标题结构如果考查段落标题,先看看其他标题的语言形式,同一*中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。
如果其他标题是名词短语,该题答案也是名词短语;如果其他标题是祈使句,该题的答案也是祈使句。
如:1. The basic function of money.Being explaining the basic function of money …2. Money lessons.Approach money lessons with openness…3. 74Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.A. Wise decisions.B. The value of money.解析:本题要求选小标题。
英二阅读理解六大题型解题技巧!(二)获取更多复习宝藏!01题型四:例证题1. 题型要求此题型旨在考查文中出现的某个事例、数据、引言等论据的作用,通常来说是为了支持作者的观点。
常见提问方式为:① What does the example of … illustrate?② The example of … is used to show that _____.③ The author mentions … in Paragraph … in order to _____.2. 解题思路举例的目的多为论证观点(支持或反对),所以此题的解题重点不在例子上,而在例子前面的观点句或者结论中,需要在例子前或后的观点句中寻找答案,通常也就是寻找例子所在段落的主旨句。
例子标志:for instance, for example, such as,引号。
3. 解题技巧(1)出现例子中的细节信息基本可判定为错误项;(2)看前看后看主旨。
例题段落:In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: “The average mill only two employees today, a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.” Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technologyrevolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.题目:The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate _____.A. the impact of technological advancesB. the alleviation of job pressureC. the shrinkage of textile millsD. the decline of middle-class incomes答案:A02题型五:主旨题1. 题型要求主旨题要求在阅读有关文章后能够概括出中心思想,确定段落大意或选定最佳标题,题干中出现subject, summarize, main idea, mainly about, best title, primary about, main topic等表达。
英语阅读解题的6个技巧
1、了解文章的结构:确定文章的主题,阅读文章的标题、开头和结尾,分析文章的中心大意。
2、弄懂文章内容:注意文章中重要的文字、段落关系等重点信息,抓住文章主旨发散思考;
3、快速定位问题:准确判断问题类型,并找出有关的关键词或信息;
4、排除干扰内容:正确对待文章中的相关语义,区分重要信息和次要信息,避免被不相关干扰信息影响;
5、筛选答案:以问题为依据,仔细阅读文章,深入理解文章内容,筛选出可能的答案;
6、联系实际:将答案置于实际情境下,根据文章内容结合自己的常识智慧,对选项进行分析,选择最佳答案。
英语二轮复习专题01+阅读理解四大体裁解题技巧-冲刺高考核心考点特色突破应用文通常放在高考阅读理解的A篇,分值6分,有三个题目。
有明显的加粗大标题或者小标题,通常也带有图表或者表格。
这类型的阅读理解选材方面90%以上都是与广告,旅游,景点,名著,人物介绍等有关。
题干通常以四大题型中的“细节理解题”为主。
接下来我们来分析一下,做阅读理解应用文的步骤以及细节理解题的解题技巧。
一.应用文解题步骤1.拿到文章,第一步先看题干,并且在题干中勾出关键词,即首字母大写的单词和较长的词汇。
如:Mary Hardison,就记成M H;2.利用刚记住的MH在文章中最快定位,然后开始看四个选项,进行一一对比。
3.一般情况每一个小标题的段落对应一个题目,从历年高考题目来看,第一题的答案往往是第一个小标题,第二题答案通常在第二个段落。
利用不重复考查同一段落这一准则,有时可以直接猜测出部分题目的答案。
二.细节理解题做题技巧。
属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节,题型可以多种多样。
此类题型一般分两种。
第一种是直接理解题,在原文中可以直接找到答案。
第二种是词义转换题,正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。
做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节,所选答案一定要符合原文,切不可望文生义。
这类题型的主要提问方式常为:①Which of the following is t rue/NOT true in the passage?②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?④All the following statements are NOT true except .细节题的破解一般采用寻读法,即先看试题,再读文章。
技法2| 引人入胜的开篇语[技法综述]常言道,好的开头是成功的一半。
一篇英语作文的开头如果写得好,就会给阅卷老师良好的印象,吸引他继续读下去。
1.如何写好开头?开头一般来说要做到开门见山,使读者了解文章要谈什么,最好能立刻引起读者的兴趣。
下面介绍几种常见的写法:(1) 背景法——说明事件发生的时间、地点、背景等Last Monday,my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip.(2) 主题句法——提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐明和论述的主题Old people can play an important role in our country,because they have experience,they are wiser,and they have enough time.(3) 问题法——用提出问题的方法来引出文章的内容,以吸引读者的注意力Why do we go to university?Different people have different opinions.(4) 引语法——摘录或引用某些名人的名言或常见的习语、谚语作为文章的开头There is an old English saying,“Gain time, ga in life.”Then what is time?Time is a kind of thing that we can't see or touch, but we can feel it pass by.(5) 数据法——引用已经证实的某些统计数字来引起话题The fact that less than 5% of the British population graduate from universities may seem surprising,especially compared with the American percentage of over 30%.(6) 实例法——通过一个实例或现象引出话题Nowadays,people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic.It has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development.2.书信的开头近几年的高考书面表达以书信为主,英语书信的特点是开门见山,用简洁的语言引出文章的主题,使读者清楚文章要说什么。
2018高考英语二轮专项复习——阅读理解之主旨大意题课题:高考第二轮专项复习——阅读理解之主旨大意题尊敬的各位老师:你们好!今天我说课的内容是阅读理解主旨大意题的解题技巧。
下面我将根据我写的教案,把我对本节课的教学目标、教学重难点、教学方法、教学用具、教学过程及板书设计等方面的认识做一个说明。
一.教学目标1. 通过引导及练习让学生掌握解题技巧并能灵活运用;2.提高学生的分析和解决问题的能力;3. 通过阅读,提高学生的阅读理解能力,并引导学生从文章中受到启发或激励二.教学重点和难点通过引导及练习让学生掌握解题技巧并能灵活运用三.教学方法任务型教学法四.教学用具多媒体、黑板和粉笔。
五.教学过程:Step1. lead-inA mother mouse was out for a walk with her babies when she found a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat, and the cat watched the mice. Mother mouse barked fiercely, "Woof, woof, woof!" The cat was so3. What can we infer from the passage?4. What is the last paragraph mainly concerned (关于) about?5. What does the underlined word stand for?6. The best title/headline for this passage might be_____.7. The passage could be entitled__________.8. What is the best title for the passage?Step 3 How to get the main ideaHelp the students to finish the first six passages and to summarize the skills of getting the main idea through ask-and-answer method.1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.总结:该段为___总分____结构,主题句往往在__段首____, 有时在__段尾___会重申主题,构成____总分总___结构。
1 专题三 阅读理解 第一节 六大解题技巧 一、关键信息定位法 (2017·天津,A片段) Writing the wrong name The sooner you notice,the better.Respond quickly and briefly,apologising for your mistake.Keep the tone measured:don’t handle it too lightly,as people can be offended,especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture (i.e.incorrect ordering of Chinese names). 37.If you have written the wrong name in an email,it is best to . A.apologise in a serious manner B.tell the receiver to ignore the error C.learn to write the name correctly D.send a short notice to everyone 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。由题干中的“written the wrong name”可定位到“Writing the wrong name”下的“...apologising for your mistake.Keep the tone measured:don’t handle it too lightly...”。由此可知,如果在电子邮件里写错了名字,以一种严肃的方式向对方道歉是最好的,故选A项。 点津 解答这类题时,一个常用的方法就是根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子。如该句中出现了but,however,yet,while等表转折的词语及in addition,furthermore,besides,moreover,what’s more,most of all,most importantly,especially等表递进的词语,后面往往为关键信息,是正确答案。但要与选项进行比较,最终确定答案。该方法运用的前提是在题干中找到定位关键词。该方法多用于细节理解题。
(2017·全国Ⅰ,A片段) Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. 2
21.Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center? A.In Building 1. B.In Building 3. C.At the Laser Dome. D.At the Denny Way entrance. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。首先根据题干中的“souvenir” 可将答案锁定在Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store这一部分;再根据本段中的“The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.”可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼上,故选B。 二、关键词法 (2017·天津,D片段) I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting.But where are we doing all of this waiting,and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours?To understand the issue,let’s take a look at three types of “waits”. 55.The author supports his view by . A.exploring various causes of “waits” B.describing detailed processes of “waits” C.analyzing different categories of “waits” D.revealing frustrating consequences of “waits” 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“To understand the issue,let’s take a look at three types of ‘waits’.”可知,作者是通过分析这三种类型的“等待”来帮助理解这个问题,故选C项。 点津 半数以上的文章会在文章的第一段或最后一段直接给出主题关键词,且常是首句;还有部分文章在第一段或最后一段间接给出主题关键词,正确答案与主题关键词有高度的重合性:形似、意似。
(2017·全国Ⅰ,A片段) Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962,Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science,math and technology.Today,Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. 3
22.What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A.Train science teachers. B.Distribute science books. C.Inspire scientific research. D.Take science to the classroom. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。由标题及该段第二句“Today,Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.”可知此处的关键词应是“science”,太平洋科学中心把基于探究的科学教育带入课堂。 三、题段一致法 (2017·天津,A片段) Clicking “reply all” unintentionally You accidentally reveal(透露) to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner,or what holiday you’d like to take.In this instance,the best solution is to send a quick,light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness.But it can quickly rise to something worse,when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation.In this instance,step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down. 38.What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email? A.Try offering other choices. B.Avoid further involvement. C.Meet other staff members. D.Make a light-hearted apology. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。由题干中的“reply all”可定位到“Clicking ‘reply all’ unintentionally”下的“In this instance,step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.”。由此可知,此题应选B项“避免进一步的参与”。 点津 按照文章的发展顺序设置题目,是目前最主要的出题方法。这种出题方法最简单,最容易操作,因此为命题者所偏爱。学生则应按照文章的段落顺序依次进行解答,没有必要百分之百读懂整篇文章,没有必要从头到尾把全文读一遍,按照这一定律,边看题干,边看原文,从而快速解题。