上海市杨浦区2020届高三一模考试
英语试题
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She is going to Thailand. B. She is going on vacation.
C. She likes collecting postcards.
D. She has traveled all over the world. .
2. A. To go out to have a cup of coffee. B. To enjoy the coffee in the office.
C. To make a cup of coffee for him.
D. To help him finish the program.
3. A. In a civil court. B. In a cybercafé. C. At a sports club. D. At a theatre.
4. A. Engineering. B. Geography. C. Math. D. Physics.
5. A. 14:00. B. 17:00 C. 18:00. D: 19:00.
6. A. The man will pick up Professor Rice at her office.
B. The man didn’t expect his paper to be graded so soon.
C. Professor Rice has given the man a very high grade.
D. Professor Rice won’t see her student in her office.
7. A. She had to be a liar sometimes. B. She is required to be slim.
C. She had little chance for promotion.
D. Her salary is not satisfactory.
8 A. There was no park nearby.
B. The woman hasn’t seen the film yet.
C. The weather wasn’t ideal for a walk.
D. It would be easier to go to the cinema.
9. A. Dr. White comes from Greece.
B. The woman couldn't understand Greek at all.
C. The woman didn’t follow the professor’s explanation.
D. Dr. White talked about the geography of Greece yesterday.
10. A. It is more comfortable and convenient to take a bus.
B. It is worth the money taking a plane to Vancouver.
C. It is not always more expensive going by air.
D. It is faster to go to Vancouver by bus.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Babies have the ability to learn before birth.
B. Newborn babies are influenced by mothers’ ability.
C. Newborn babies can recognize the sounds of their mother.
D. Babies only want food and to be kept warm and dry.
12. A. By 18 months of age. B. By 6 months of age.
C. By two years of age.
D. By one year of age.
13. A. They can recognize the different surroundings.
B. They can identify the sounds of the mother tongue.
C. They can imitate the sounds of the second language.
D. They can differ the sounds of two different languages.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. To form an official league team. B. To join the Organization Earth.
C. To win the world championship.
D. To compete with Greece’s best teams.
15. A. A luxurious life is no longer a dream.
B. Life in the refugee camp is at times tense.
C. The players care more about their racial identity.
D. There are fewer fights between people of different races.
16. A. Organization Earth is composed of refugees.
B. The love for the football brings the refugees together.
C. Greek government provides support for football training.
D. Hope Refugee United has beaten the Greece’s best team.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A tourist guidebook. B. An annual traveler report.
C. A travelling magazine.
D. An airport ranking list.
18. A. 3 weeks. B. 13 days. C. 31 hours. D. 3 hours.
19. A. To illustrate the poor service.
B. To state the cause of the delay.
C. To praise the kindness of other passengers.
D. To complain about the position of the Gate.
20. A. They provide useless directions and services.
B. They are completely indifferent to travelers’ needs.
C. They are extremely caring about passengers’ safety.
D. They provide the wrong address of the nearby hospital.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Surprise! A New Penguin
A team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community ___21___ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.
The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects ___22___ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from ___23___ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins.
Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than ___24___ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones ___25___ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.
By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native ___26___ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population
___27___ (wipe) out.
Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population ___28___ (migrate) to New Zealand.
___29___ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s ___30___ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.
『答案』21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. expected 25. must 26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarest
『语篇解读』
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现了已经灭绝了500年的怀塔哈企鹅物种以及这一发现的意义。
『21题详解』
考查原因状语从句。句意：已经灭绝了500年的怀塔哈企鹅物种的发现对科学界来说是一个令人兴奋的消息，因为它让我们对过去的灭绝事件如何帮助塑造现在的环境有了新的认识。根据意可知前后是因果关系，空处引导原因状语从句，故填because/since/as。
『22题详解』
考查定语从句。句意：研究小组想调查人类对现在濒临灭绝的物种的影响。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词effects并在从句中做have had的宾语，故填that/ which。
『23题详解』
考查宾语从句。句意：他们研究了几百年前他们认为是黄眼企鹅的骨骼，并将它们与现代黄眼企鹅的骨骼进行了比较。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what。
『24题详解』
考查省略。句意：令人惊讶的是，有些骨头比预期的要古老。此处实际上是一种省略，完整部分应该是than they had been expected，省略了they had been，故填expected。
『25题详解』
考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：科学家们得出结论，这些非常古老的骨头一定属于一个以前未知的物种，他们命名为怀塔哈企鹅。must have done表示对过去事情非常有把握的肯定推测，表示“一定……”，故填must。
『26题详解』
考查介词。句意：通过对这些骨头的研究，科学家们进一步得出结论，怀塔哈企鹅曾经是新西兰本土的企鹅。be native to表示“原产于、是……的本土动物”，故填to。
『27题详解』
考查时态语态。句意：但是人类在这个岛国定居之后，它们就被消灭了。population与wipe out之间是被动关系，而且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是population，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填was wiped。
『28题详解』
考查非谓语动词。句意：时间间隔表明，怀塔哈企鹅的灭绝为黄眼企鹅种群迁徙到新西兰创造了机会。opportunity后接不定式做后置定语，表示“……的机会”，故填to migrate。
『29题详解』
考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管黄眼企鹅在新西兰繁衍多年，但该物种现在也面临灭绝。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，此处表示“尽管、虽然”，故填Though/ Although/While。
『30题详解』
考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，黄眼企鹅被认为是世界上最稀有的企鹅物种之一。one of 后的名词通常用形容词最高级修饰，故填rarest。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used
only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social ___31___ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication ___32___, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or ___33___ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have ___34___ disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.
With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be ___35___ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, ___36___nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.
Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical ___37___ to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being ___38___ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is ___39___. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.
It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD ___40___ and grow in our communities.
『答案』31. B 32. G 33. J 34. F 35. C 36. I 37. K 38. E
39. D 40. A
『语篇解读』
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自闭症的症状以及我们该如何帮助自闭症患者。
『31题详解』
考查名词。句意：大多数自闭症患者不理解一些其他人认为理所当然的基本社会习俗。做动
词understand的宾语用名词，空后说他们可能无法进行眼神交流、进行对话或识别手势，超
过三分之一的自闭症患者不爱说话，这说明他们不理解一些基本的社会习俗，此处表示“习
俗”，故填B。
『32题详解』
考查名词。句意：除了沟通问题，自闭症患者通常喜欢遵循某些模式或重复行为。做介词
短语Along with的宾语用名词，空前说自闭症患者无法进行眼神交流、进行对话或识别手
的势，这都属于沟通问题，此处表示“问题”，故填G。
『33题详解』
考查形容词。句意同上，此处缺少形容词修饰名词behaviors ，根据常识可知，自闭症患者
总是重复某一行为，repeated是过去分词转化而来的形容词，表示“重复的”，故填J。
『34题详解』
考查形容词。句意：有些患者有智力障碍，但大约一半的患者智商平均或高于平均水平。修
饰名词disabilities用形容词，根据“about half have average or above average IQs.”可知此处表
示“智力的”，故填F。
『35题详解』
考查动词。句意：这些行为变化如此之大，以至于它们曾经被归类为不同的疾病。此处缺少
动词做谓语，根据“as different disorders.”可知此处表示“归类”，they与之是被动关系，用的
是被动语态，此处填过去分词，故填C。
『36题详解』
考查动词。句意：一种是阿斯伯格综合症，患者沉迷于特定的话题，错过了非语言的社交线
索，可能无法理解适当的社会行为。此处缺少动词与obsess并列做谓语，根据“obsess over
particular topics”可知此处表示“错过”，故填I。
『37题详解』
考查名词。句意：科学家们也在进行临床试验以寻找其他的治疗方法。做动词doing的宾语
用名词，根据“to find other solutions”可知此处表示“试验”，故填K。
『38题详解』
考查动词。句意：不管是什么原因，自闭症的诊断率每年都在上升。此处用的是现在进行时
的被动语态，需要填过去分词，根据“at a higher rate every year”可知此处表示“诊断”，故填
E。
『39题详解』
考查形容词。句意：对自闭症的了解至关重要。此处缺少形容词做表语，空后说我们对自闭症了解得越多，就越能理解并与自闭症患者建立联系，因此此处表示“至关重要”，故填D。『40题详解』
考查动词。句意：这将帮助自闭症患者适应我们的社区和在此成长。help sb do sth表示“帮助某人做某事”，根据“and grow in our communities.”可知此处表示“适应”，故填A。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Stage Fright
Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The experienced cellist Rostropovich tripped him purposely to ___41___ him of pre-performance panic. Mr. Feltsman said, “All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”
Today, music schools are addressing the problem of ___42___ in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, ___43___ mind.
Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging ___44___, from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline, ___45___ visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re tense, they urge; some excitement is ___46___, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.
Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before ___47___, “Take two deep abdominal(腹部) breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,” she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the ___48___, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them. “She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.
Extreme demands by conductors or parents are often ___49___ stage fright, says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. .
When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the heartbeat, which was just total ___50___. I came to a point where I thought, ‘If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’ m going to look for another job.’” Recovery, he said, involved developing humbleness—recognizing that whatever his talent, he was likely to make mistakes, and that an ___51___ concert was not a disaster.
It is not only ___52___ artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great singer Franco Corelli is another example. “We had to push him on stage,” his partners recalled.
___53___, success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any ___54___,” Singer June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to ___55___. ” He added, “I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”
41. A. assure B. cure C. remind D. rob
42. A. anxiety B. adolescence C. principle D. psychology
43. A. absent B. blank C. keen D. narrow
44. A. advice B. choices C. services D. education
45. A. instead of B. along with C. such as D. with regard to
46. A. definite B. neutral C. natural D. precious
47. A. ceremony B. performance C. lecture D. rehearsal
48. A. audience B. orchestra C. staff D. choir
49. A. at the face of B. at the root of C. in favour of D. in contrast with
50. A. craze B. fault C. failure D. panic
51. A. unusual B. imperfect C. invalid D.
unpopular
52. A. talented B. unknown C. young D. experienced
53. A. Actually B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Similarly
54. A. appreciation B. contribution C. expectation D. satisfaction
55. A. learn B. offer C. say D. lose 『答案』41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. D
『语篇解读』
『分析』
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了音乐表演艺术家怯场这一现象，并分析了原因以及提供了克服怯场的策略。
『41题详解』
1考查动词词义辨析。句意：经验丰富的大提琴演奏家罗斯特罗波维奇故意绊倒他，以治疗演奏前的恐慌。A. assure担保；B. cure治疗、治愈；C. remind提醒；D. rob抢夺。空后费尔茨曼说自己所有的恐惧都消失了，这说明大提琴演奏家罗斯特罗波维奇故意绊倒他是为了治疗他演奏前的恐慌，故B项正确。
『42题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，音乐学校正在解决课堂上的焦虑问题，这些课程涉及表演技巧和职业准备。A. anxiety焦虑；B. adolescence青春期；C. principle原则；D. psychology 心理。根据上文举的费尔茨曼的例子及常识可知，舞台恐惧属于焦虑问题，故A项正确。『43题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐家可以学习多种策略来对抗舞台恐惧及其症状：手指冰凉、四肢发抖、心跳加速、头脑空白。A. absent缺席的；B. blank空白的；C. keen渴望的；D. narrow狭隘的。根据常识可知，头脑空白是舞台恐惧的症状之一，故B项正确。
『44题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师和心理学家提供广泛的建议，从基本的东西，如从内到外的学习到心理训练，如观看表演和采取措施放松。A. advice建议；B. choices选择；C. services
服务；D. education教育。根据空后的“from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline,”可知此处指“建议”，故A项正确。
『45题详解』
考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. instead of而不是；B. along with同……一起；C. such as 诸如；D. with regard to至于。空后的观看表演和采取措施放松是对心理训练的举例，需要用such as引出例子，故C项正确。
『46题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要否认你的紧张，有些小兴奋是自然的，甚至是有活力的比赛所必需的。A. definite确切的；B. neutral中性的；C. natural自然的；D. precious宝贵的。空前说不要否认你的紧张，此处解释原因，即有些小兴奋是自然的，甚至是必需的，故C项正确。
『47题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理治疗专家黛安·尼科尔斯建议在表演前的几分钟采取一些策略，“做两次深呼吸，张开肩膀，然后微笑，”她说。A. ceremony仪式；B. performance表演；
C. lecture演讲；
D. rehearsal排练。本文主要讨论的就是克服舞台恐惧的策略，因此此处指“在登台表演之前”，故B项正确。
『48题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在观众中选出三张友好的面孔并与之交流。A. audience观众、听众；B. orchestra管弦乐团；C. staff职员；D. choir唱诗班。空后说她不希望演奏者把观众当成评委，因此此处是说要与观众进行交流，故A项正确。
『49题详解』
考查介词短语辨析。句意：著名小提琴教师多萝西?迪莱表示，指挥家或家长的极端要求往往是怯场的根源。A. at the face of在……面前；B. at the root of是……的根源；C. in favour of 支持；D. in contrast with形成对比。空后说她告诉其他老师，只要求学生能够做到的事情，因此她认为指挥家或家长的极端要求往往是怯场的根源，故B项正确。
『50题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候我很紧张，我确信观众可以看到我的胸部对心跳的反应，那完全是恐慌。A. craze狂热；B. fault错误；C. failure失败；D. panic恐慌。林恩·哈雷尔说他紧张得甚至观众都能看到他心跳时胸部的起伏，这说明他极度恐慌，故D项正确。
『51题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场不完美音乐会也不是灾难。A. unusual不寻常的；B.
imperfect不完美的；C. invalid无效的；D. unpopular不受欢迎的。空前说要认识到不管一个的人多么有才能，他都有可能犯错误，因此一场不完美的音乐会不是灾难，故B项正确。
『52题详解』
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，受怯场之苦的不仅仅是年轻艺术家。A. talented有才能
的；B. unknown不知名的；C. young年轻的；D. experienced老练的。上文提到的学生和20
岁时的林恩·哈雷尔都是年轻人，空后又说传奇钢琴家弗拉基米尔霍洛维茨的怯场也是出了
名的，伟大的歌手弗朗哥·科雷利甚至要被搭档推上舞台才能表演，因此不是只有年轻的艺
术家才怯场，故C项正确。
『53题详解』
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，成功会让事情变得更糟。A. Actually实际上；B. Certainly
当然；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Similarly相似地。根据空后歌手琼·安德森所说的话可知，实际
上，成功会让艺术家的怯场更加严重，故A项正确。
『54题详解』
考查名词词义辨析。句意：歌手琼·安德森说：“在你职业生涯的初期，当你被吓死的时候，
没有人认识你，他们也没有任何期望。” A. appreciation感激；B. contribution贡献；C. expectation期望；D. satisfaction满意。刚步入演艺生涯的时候，你还不出名，观众自然不会
对你抱有什么期望，故C项正确。
『55题详解』
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你害怕失去的东西也多了。A. learn学习；B. offer提供；C. say
说；D. lose失去。后来，空前说随着你的名气越来越大，人们对你的期望也多了，所以你害
怕失去的东西也多了，故D项正确。
『点睛』本篇第12空B项unknown的干扰性较大，抓住上下文的举例是关键，根据上文中
的“students”及“When Lynn Harrell was 20”可知，上文提到的学生和20岁时的林恩·哈雷尔都
是年轻人，空后又说传奇钢琴家弗拉基米尔霍洛维茨的怯场也是出了名的，伟大的歌手弗朗
哥·科雷利甚至要被搭档推上舞台才能表演，因此受怯场之苦的不仅仅是年轻艺术家，因此
此处侧重指艺术家从年轻到成年的成长经历，而不是从不出名到出名的成名经历，故C项（young）正确。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions
or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Leftover again? Hurray
Here’s the deal: You’re as hungry as a horse and you want a delicious meal from a fine restaurant, but you’re a little low on funds.
So what do you do? If you happen to live in Europe, the answer is as easy as pie: You pull out your smartphone or tablet, and tap Too Good To Go, Europe’s most popular app. Approximately 23,000 restaurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost.
Why all this incredible generosity? Unbelievably, one-third of the world’s food is thrown away, and nearly one billion people don’t have enough to eat. Besides, burning wasted food releases harmful carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change. That’s why environment-minded companies around the world are creating apps for phones, tablets, and other smart devices that connect uneaten food with people who want or need it.
After a long day at work, Anne, a 34-year-old student, pulls out her smartphone and chooses a noodle dish—pasta with mushrooms. Then she heads to a restaurant on the banks of the Spree River, where the owner packs her dinner and also offers her a scoop of free ice cream, which is a reward for bringing her own container.
Indeed, there are many programs serving the same mission around the world. In America, people are using an app called Food for All. One hour before a restaurant closes, its staff can post leftover meals to the app for up to 80 percent off menu prices. The app also allows customers to donate leftover meals to others.
In the Netherlands, 77,000 people have downloaded an app called NoFoodWasted. This program allows grocery store workers to share products that are approaching their expiration dates with customers who might need them.
Some countries are taking their commitment to reducing food waste a step further. France and the Czech Republic, for example, have laws that prohibit restaurants and grocery stores from throwing away food. Instead, workers are required to donate that food to charity.
So think about if there might be a better use for your uneaten vegetables. The planet will thank you.
56. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Restaurants can post leftover meals on the app Food for All.
B. Apps are designed connecting leftover food with people in need.
C. Stores share food approaching their expiration dates with customers.
D. It’s popular for people to claim food that might otherwise be thrown away.
57. What is the result when lots of food is thrown out and later burned up?
A. Carbon dioxide is given off, worsening the problem of climate change.
B. Some countries have laws making restaurants donate the food they make.
C. Governments have made many apps that let people find cheap meals.
D. Nearly one billion people on the planet do not get enough food to eat.
58. What can you infer from the passage?
A. Anne packed a tasty pasta and mushroom dish to give away to charity.
B. The restaurant Anne visits sells its leftover food at a discount each day.
C. The 80-percent-off deal offered on app is not available during lunch hours.
D. Laws have been passed to prevent restaurants from throwing out leftover food.
59. This passage would be most useful for a student research project on _____.
A. application of technology to help solve the problem of leftover food
B. laws to help promote the safe transportation and sale of food products
C. restaurants using high-tech solutions to reduce packaging waste
D. methods to design apps that connect restaurants with customers
『答案』56. B 57. A 58. C 59. A
『语篇解读』
『分析』
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几款将剩余的食物与有需要的人联系起来的应用程序。
『56题详解』
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“You pull out your smartphone or tablet, and tap Too Good To Go, Europe’s most popular app. Approximately 23,000 restaurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost.”可知，拿出智能手机或平板电脑，
点击欧洲最受欢迎的应用程序Too Good To Go，大约有2.3万家餐厅和食品销售商在该应用程序上发布他们的剩菜剩菜，价格只有平时的一半，再根据倒数第四段中的“Indeed, there are many programs serving the same mission around the world. ”可知，世界上还很多这样的应用程序，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是几款将剩余的食物与有需要的人联系起来的应用程序，故B项正确。
『57题详解』
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Besides, burning wasted food releases harmful carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change.”可知，此外，燃烧浪费的食物会释放有害的二氧化碳排放到大气中，这将加剧气候变化，故A项正确。
『58题详解』
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“One hour before a restaurant closes, its staff can post leftover meals to the app for up to 80 percent off menu prices.”可知，餐厅关门前一小时，员工可以将剩饭贴到应用程序上，最高可享受菜单价格八折的优惠，而餐厅通常都是在晚上关门的，由此可知，八折优惠在午餐时间是不可用的，故C项正确。
『59题详解』
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍几款将剩余的食物与有需要的人联系起来的应用程序，属于利用科技解决食物浪费问题的范畴，因此这篇文章会对一项关于应用科技帮助解决剩饭问题的学生研究项目最有用，故A项正确。
『点睛』本篇第1题主旨大意题的难度较大在于文章没有明显的主题句，需要我们自己概括，通读全文，特别是根据文中出现的多个应用程序的名称可知文章是关于一些应用程序的，根据第二段中的“You pull out your smartphone or tablet, and tap Too Good To Go, Europe’s most popular app. Approximately 23,000 restaurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost.”可知，拿出智能手机或平板电脑，点击欧洲最受欢迎的应用程序Too Good To Go，大约有2.3万家餐厅和食品销售商在该应用程序上发布他们的剩菜剩菜，价格只有平时的一半，再根据倒数第四段中的“Indeed, there are many programs serving the same mission around the world. ”可知，世界上还很多这样的应用程序，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是几款将剩余的食物与有需要的人联系起来的应用程序，故B项正确。
(B)
Read the information taken from the pain reliever bottles and answer the questions. Medicine A
Medicine B
高考模拟试卷
60. Which medicine may hurt liver according to the instructions?
A. Medicine A.
B. Medicine B.
C. Both medicines.
D. Neither medicine.
61. These two medicines are most suitable for _____.
A. a child who has a common cold
B. an adult who has trouble falling asleep
C. a teenager who slightly hurt his wrist
D. an old man who has stomach bleeding
62. Which of the following can be found in the instructions?
A. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI).
B. Ingredients of the medicine.
C. Facts about the origin of the medicine.
D. Names of the doctors to consult.
『答案』60. B 61. C 62. A
『语篇解读』
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了两种药的说明书。
『60题详解』
细节理解题。根据Medicine B中Warnings部分中的“This product may cause liver damage.”可知，Medicine B可能会伤肝，故B项正确。
『61题详解』
推理判断题。根据对这两种药的功效的介绍中的“■ minor pain of arthritis”及“minor pain of arthritis”可知，这两种药都能够缓解关节的轻微疼痛，因此这两种药适合手腕轻微受伤的青少年服用，故C项正确。
『62题详解』
细节理解题。根据两种药Directions部分中的“■ adults: 1 to 2 tablets with water. Dosage may be repeated every 4 hours, not to exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours.”及“■ adults and children 12 years and over: take 2 gelcaps every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 gelcaps in 24 hours.”可知，两种药的说明书中都提到了可接受的每日服用量，故A项正确。
(C)
Imagine how you’d feel if you had to get more than 9,000 tons of junk out to the sidewalk. That’s how much trash is floating around in space. In fact, there’s about 4 million pounds flying over our heads in low-Earth orbit. Daan, a Dutch artist, and his team at Space Waste Lab have come up with a creative plan that could clear up space junk in a spectacular fashion.
①Most space waste comes from dead satellites and rockets. Functioning satellites are the backbone of the information systems that keep our world running smoothly. But all the satellites eventually become obsolete within just a few decades. When they die out, there’s the problem of them drifting in outer space, collecting in what scientists call the “graveyard orbit.”
Maybe you’re thinking, “Why should I care about garbage 12,500 miles above me?” Well, all that fun stuff that satellites help beam down to us—mobile games, Instagram, cat videos—could be shut down by space waste. Lots of old junk floating around up there, plus new satellites added
each year, means more and more high-speed collisions (碰撞). And when chunks of junk crash into one another, they break apart into millions of pieces, quickly building up speed and turning into fast-moving objects, which are dangerous to operational satellites as well as astronauts working on the International Space Station.
②Space waste is a problem that’s escalated so much, some scientists say that by 2050 we’ll be forced to stop launching new spacecraft altogether, including new satellites. Think about that for a minute. When the last satellites finally become disused, GPS, cell phones, and the Internet will no longer function.
③So we have to find a way to deal with this space garbage, and Daan pictures a sort of trash pickup, which involves groups of small spacecraft casting large nets into orbit that would collect space debris (碎片) and send it back toward Earth at top speed. Here’s the best part—while reentering Earth’s atmosphere, the pieces of junk would burn up all at once, creating a light show similar to hundreds of shooting stars falling in the night sky. A spectacle indeed!
To get ready for such an amazing effort, Space Waste Lab has been traveling to major cities across Europe and enlightening the public on the problem of the junk in space. ④But Daan doesn’t just talk about ways to relieve the problem—he’s created something a little grander than that. In October 2018, his team launched Space Waste Lab Performance, an outdoor art exhibition that shows the location of each piece of space trash using large lasers that make each debris look a bit like a star wandering slowly and silently over the sky, allowing viewers to wave and say, “Hallo, space trash!”
63. The word “obsolete” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “______”.
A. accessible
B. profitable
C. floating
D. outdated
64. According to the passage, which sentence best replaces the question mark in the diagram?