学业分层测评(四)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. This kind of medicine is (power)，so don't take too much.
2. The policeman found that the house (break) into and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen.
3. According to the research of the WHO，tobacco is highly (addict) and makes it difficult for people to stop taking it.
4. The reasons why Mike gave up the job must have some (connect) with the low pay.
5. People in the area died from accidents (relate) to drinking alcohol.
6. Tom used to get up late in the past, but now he is used to (get) up early.
7. My cousin came to see me from the country，(bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits.
8.—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into air.
—Yes. But I'm sure something will be done (reduce) the air pollution.
9. As is known to us all，America is a developed country (belong) to the first world.
10. One of the biggest (danger) we face may be the climate change.
【答案】 1. powerful 2. had been broken
3. addictive
4. connection
5. related
6.getting
7. bringing8. to reduce9. belonging
10. dangers
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Her son addicted himself to smoke，which had a bad effect on his health.
2.Thieves broke into and stole computer equipment worth ￡900 while we were away on holiday.
3. It is generally considered that terrorism(恐怖分子) is danger to society.
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4．It is said that the number of the students in that school has reduced from 3，000 to 4，000 since 2015.
5．Live in the country means that I can get up at 6: 00 in the morning and enjoy the nice fresh air.
【答案】 1.smoke→smoking 2.into→in 3.在danger前加a 4.在reduced 前加been 5.Live→Living
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air of second-hand smoke, but experts now have found another smoking-related threat(威胁) to children's health: third-hand smoke.
That's the expression which is used to describe the invisible(看不见的) yet poisonous(有毒的) gases that stick to smokers' hair and clothing and other things in the room.These gases stay long after smoke has been cleared from the room.Young children can get them on their hands, especially if they're playing on the floor.
“Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, but they don't know about this，”said Dr.Jonathan P．Winickoff, the lead author of the study at Harvard Medical School.
“When their kids are out of the house，they might smoke.Or they smoke in the car.They think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their kids，”Dr.Winickoff continued.“We needed an expression to describe these poisons that can't be seen.”
Third-hand smoke is what one smells when a smoker gets in an elevator after going outside for a cigarette, or in a hotel room where people smoked.“Your nose isn't lying，”he said.“The smell is so bad that your brain is telling you，‘Get away.’”
But far fewer people realized the risks of third-hand smoke.Since the expression is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that “breathing air in a room today where people smoked yesterday can harm the health
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of children”．Only 65 per cent of non-smokers and 43 per cent of smokers agreed with that statement.
“The central message here is that simply closing the kitchen door to take a smoke is not protecting the kids from the effects of that smoke，”said another doctor.“There are substances in the third-hand smoke, and they are a cancer risk for anybody of any age who comes close to them.”
The fact that third-hand smoke is harmful will most probably lead to a strict smoking ban at home.
【语篇解读】本文通过一项研究说明了人们陌生而又熟悉的三手烟对儿童的影响。
1. You're experiencing third-hand smoke if you ．
A. smell something strange in a hotel room
B．live in a house which a smoker will move in
C．enter a kitchen whose door was closed by a smoker
D．stay in an office where someone smoked last night
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二、五段可知，三手烟(third-hand smoke)指的是长期残留在吸烟者衣服上、头发上以及周围环境中的有害香烟气体和微小颗粒，这些东西依旧散发气味，而且对接触者及同一环境中的人产生危害。
【答案】 D
2. What do Dr. Winickoff's words in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. If people smoked in a room, you can tell it.
B．Your nose sometimes gives wrong information.
C．If you want to smoke, your nose will warn you.
D．Sometimes your brain can tell lies.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段可知，当吸过烟的人进入你所在的电梯，或你所在的宾馆房间有人吸过烟时，你就会闻到烟味。即你的鼻子不会欺骗你。这时，你就应该远离这样的环境。
知识改变命运