《大学英语2》课程作业
适用层次：专科培养类型：普通函授
REVISION EXERCISES 1
1 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
Crisis resent motion proceed self-evident
Emerge stick feasibility survive owe
Slightly appoint hazard host existence
Influence spring perform hesitate name
Obtain impulse smash widen faint
Reject conflict crash action threaten
1. Many young writers of that time were ____influenced by Hemingway, who they thought had revolutionized the technique of writing.
2. His parents ___named him after his great grandfather, who was a Supreme Court Justice.
3. Racial discrimination in America has led many people to conclude that that all men are created equal is a ___self-evident lie.
4. The plane ___crashed into a building when it was landing. Not a single passenger
___survived the tragedy.
5. The attention of the guests was drawn to the corner of the room where a heated argument had ___spring up.
6. The ___host
7. Think twice before you take action. To act on _____impulse is not likely to do you any good.
8. Unexpected weather conditions have made our task difficult to ____perform.
9. The southern states ___threaten to declare independence if Lincoln became President. rejected the idea as unfeasible.
11. You should not _____resent criticism. It will only do you good if you learn to take it wisely.
12. George Washington ______ appointed Thomas Jefferson to be his secretary of state.
13. _____Conflicting interests drew the two friends apart.
14. Is the elephant the biggest land animal in _____ existence today?
15. _____Action speak louder than words.
16. She has gone out of her way to help me. At least I _____owe her my thanks.
17. I was brought up to think that a person should not ____ hesitate to speak the truth.
18. Since he is unable to _____obtain financial support, going to college remains a dream for him.
19. When dinner was over, mother ____stuck proceed with my own business.
20. There is a ____faint smell of gas. Let's open the windows.
21. The Yangtze River ______is widened as it flows further east.
22. Many old people in America still have a vivid memory of their life during the economic(经济的) _____crisis of the 1930's.
23. A research group has been set up to work on the ____ feasibility of producing a pollution-free automobile.
24. We saw the ship _____ emerge in the distance. We could even see its mast(桅杆), which ______was motioning up about three meters at its head.
25. No one is denying now that smoking is a _____hazard to health.
26. Several windows were _____smashed to pieces during the storm.
27. Don't worry. He is sonly ______slightly wounded.
2 Rewrite the following, sing the words or expressions given in brackets:
Example:
Thomas Jefferson steered his ship with confidence and hope, not with fear.
(leave behind)
Thomas Jefferson steered his ship with confidence and hope, leaving fear behind.
1. The professor went to Europe. He told me to work on the project alone.
(leave behind)
The professor went to Europe, leaving me behind to work on the project alone.
2. The only witness(证人)to the murder died shortly afterwards.
Who the murderer was has remained an unsolved mystery. (leave behind, as to)
3. The boy slams the door against anyone he doesn't like. I hope he will quit that habit as he grows older. (outgrow)
4. He is still young. He will not be so mad about pop singers as he grows older and more mature. (outgrow)
5. You said we had an argument last night. I think discussion is a better word for it. (prefer)
6. The college accepts students in spring as well as in fall. I want to go there in spring. (prefer)
7. The Petersons are looking for someone to babysit for their daughter.They want a girl
who is kind and patient. But most important of all she must be reliable. (above all)
8. He was a writer and a literary (文学的) critic. But most important of all he was a statesman. (above all)
3 Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with words or expressions you have learned from Units 1-3:
1. The story has two parts.
2. Virginia got its name from the Virgin Queen.
4. He is a man who always does things according to principles(原则).
6. He was wounded in the head two days ago. It will be a long time before he regains consciousness.
7. The boy was sitting in a corner of the room. He ran toward the
8. Bad weather has caused a delay in the launching(发射) of the satellite.
9. Social Darwinism(达尔文主义), as the term suggests, is developed from Darwin's theory
of natural selection(自然选择).
10. Ask the other s when they will be free for the conference. As for me, any time next week will do.
11. The police dogs are specially trained to search and find burglary suspects.
12. Something is wrong with the electric heater. It no longer emits heat.
1. You screamed at me . You owe an apology (你得向我道歉 (apology)) (owe).
2. This novel is based on (这部小说的依据是) the life stories of some of my best friends.
3. The moon does not emit heat. It does not emit light either. (它也不发光)
4. It is a good idea for those running for public office to give publicity to the source
of campaign fund. (公布竞选基金的来源).
5. The professor proceeded on the lecture (教授继续讲课) after he answered a student's question.
6. As the plane was running low on fuel (燃料), we had no choice but to fly towards the nearest airport. (我们不得不飞向最近的机场.)
7. The boy needs encouragement. Too many criticisms could hinder the development of his intelligence. (过多的批评只能阻碍他的智力发展).
8. The air is unfit to breath so much (空气如此不适宜于呼吸) that some people think we
will have to wear oxygen masks soon.
9. If you are unwilling to go to the theater (如果你不愿去剧院), why don't we just wit here and chat?
10. The crowd bust into cheers (人群中传出欢呼声) as people watched the debate between the president and his opponent in the conference hall.
5 Cloze
put in the missing words:
some people argue that , since there are billions of stars in our universe, at least
millions of them must have planets. And if there are (__1__) of planets, at least thousands of them will have (__2__). And of these life forms, at least some will (__3__)
Some astronomers have (__6__) up a radio telescope at Harvard University. Dr. Paul Horowitz is using the (__7__) to scan (扫视) the skies for any signal (__8__) from other planets.
I have a plea for these gentlemen: please stop before it is too (__9__)!
For one (__10__), what if these beings that are in existence on other (__11__) do give us a message? What if the message (__12__) that these beings are far superior to us? Will we be (__13__) to survive the knowledge of our own unworthiness and inferiority(低劣)?
For another, what (__14__) these beings tune in and find us? Will they be friendly (__15__) us if they find that we can be worse (__16__) animals and that we are capable of (__17__) except polluting the atmosphere, killing(__18__) other as well as other species, and
spoiling everything (__19__) our beautiful planet? Think what they will (__20__) to us, if they are unfriendly!
So, gentlemen, please stop looking for trouble!
6 Translate the following into English:
1.小女孩慢慢长大后就不会再怕宠物（pet animals）了.
The little girl will outgrow her fear of pet animals.
2.我认为你不应立即照他的建议行事，想想是否还有更好的选择.
I don’t think you should act on his advice immediately. Think whether or not there are better alternatives.
3.埃费列特(Everett) 教授携妻子度假去了，留下三岁的女儿由保姆照顾.
Professor Everett has gone away on vacation with his wife, leaving their three-year-old daughter behind
with her babysitter.
4.就这些山区村民而言，污染目前尚不是一个大威胁.
As far as these mountain villagers are concerned, pollution is not yet a big threat.
5.太阳发出光和热，这是地球上人们的主要能源.
The sun gives off light and heat. It is the major source of energy for people living on earth.
6.对这次地夸大可能的成因科学家尚未能作出结论.
7.你不必特地来看望我们，但任何时候你都将是个受欢迎的客人.
You don’t
8.美国宪法起初由七章(articles) 组成，迄今已增加了二十七条修正案(amendment).
The American Constitution, ws have been added to it.
REVISION EXERCISES 2
1 Fill in the blanks with the words given below, Change the form where necessary
charge live relax intelligent
vague detail flee trail annoy
contented bother force rise
anticipate arrest best turn
handle unlike possess reveal
split tend err corresponding
style reinforce anyway advance
close dwell
1. What he said ____ reveals an important clue as to who ____ handles the weapon the murderer used.
2. we ____ anticipate bad weather. But we had never thought that it would be a storm like that.
3. I have a ____ vague
4. The hat he bought last summer is out of ____ style now.
5. The hotel guests were really ____ annoyed at having to wait so long to make a telephone call.
6. ____Unlike their fathers and grandfathers, the young people certainly will not remain
____living with a life of isolation in this village. They want to see the world outside and
to taste its excitement and opportunities.
7. This photo shows Tom's father at his ____ trail.
8. To ____ err is human. But no ____ intelligent person makes the same error over and over again.
9. We still have some time left before the exam. Why don't we just ____ relax and have a cup of coffee?
10. How could you expect me to remember every ____ detail of the accident? It that would
____ split me.
11. The hostess arranged to have me sit by a ten-year-old boy and asked me if that would
____ bother me.
12. Almost all the black people in that city ____force out on election (选举) day. They were confident that this time they could vote their own candidate into office.
13. It's true that John's joining us ____ reinforces our team, but we would have won ____ anyway .
14. No one is perfect. We have to ____ possess with the knowledge of our own imperfections.
15. The gunman _____ fled at the sight of the ;policemen.
16. ____ revealing to seek jobs in this city.
17. He has been ____ arrested and will face criminal ____ charge for cheating others out
of their money.
18. The situation is growing out of control. We need someone more skilled to ____ handle
the crisis.
19. They seem eager to have me work for them. They have even offered to pay me in ___ advance if I promise not to accept any other job.
20. Don't ____be contented on your past achievements, GO and set new goals.
21. He wanted to ask me a question, but his voice ____ turn off when he saw that I was watching TV with great interest.
22. Unemployment (失业) is on the ____ rise. Will it cause a ____ corresponding rise in crime?
23. The meeting finally drew to a ____ close when the chairman finished his speech.
24. Some people ____ tend to remember the favors they do others and forget the favors they receive.
2 Study the use of the word "case" in the given examples and then use it to rewrite the following sentences:
Examples: This is an emergency case.
A case in point is students in New York State who face criminal misdemeanor chares for possessing and selling advance copies of state Regents examinations.
But in the case of Lincoln , the story is true.
1. Today the doctors will only have time to deal with patients who are seriously ill.
2. Cancer may not be deadly. My friend John, who has survived lung cancer for many years, is a good example.
3. Many intelligent animals can be trained to understand human speech. The pet dog is a good example.
4. Generally speaking, starting a business without any previous experience will involve many difficulties and risks But everything has been fine with me.
5. Many people believe that cheaters will inevitably be caught. But as far as many American politicians are concerned, this does not seem to be true.
India, mild in a bowl means only one thing - bait for a snake.
We were hopeless when it came to identification.
Such stories point out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated or stole came to bad ends.
1. I am sure that he will regain consciousness in an hour.
2. I am not sure what all this empty talk will lead to.
4. Our efforts at convincing his as to the feasibility of the plan did not bring us any result.
5. Tom is not much of a scholar. But no one organizes group activities better than he does/
4 Study the sentence pattern in each of the given examples and then use it to rewrite the sentences that follow:
Example: 1: If I wasn't able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.
a. If nothing goes wrong, he is likely to recover in a month after the operation.
b. We have a better than 50-50 chance to win this time. At least that is how it looks to me.
c. The disease is contagious, He will probably get it.
d. He will probably be found guilty(有罪的). The evidence is against him.
Example 2: It can be argued that such a response may not mean much.
a. There is some reason to think that formal education should not be made a requirement for public office.
b. There is reason to believe that bringing back the death penalty will not help reduce crime.
c. There is reason to think that stiffer sentences will only result in an increase in
violent crimes.
Example 3': Signs of dishonesty seem more numerous in recent years. Could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
a. He is late for class again. Is it possible that he is held up by traffic again?
b. The boy has a high fever. Is it possible that he has caught the flu again?
c. Someone is knocking at the door. Is it possible that Sam is returning from school?
1. War has been threatening these people for decades and they seem to have learned to accept this fact. (他们似乎已学会接受这一现实了).
2. Their friends have little doubt that divorce could be the ending of their marriage. (他们婚姻的
结局将是离婚).
I nearly wanted to call him by the first name. (我都几乎想对他直呼其名了).
4. I put up an advertisement in the newspaper for the sale of my car but by now there is no reply. (到目前为止尚无回音).
5. When I was answering the exam questions I was so nervous that my mind was turmoil. (我感
到心中七上八下的).
6.The reaction of surgeons for emergency diagnosis (外科医生对急诊的反应) that best shows whether or not he is experienced.
7. _________________(许多人对政府保护环境的运动拍手称好), saying it was the right thing to do.
8. The classroom was almost empty; with one exception, the other students have done to leave the paper. (除一人外其他学生都已做完试卷离场了).
9. Do not delay the matter to your question (不要对你的问题拖延不管). Try to resolve them.
10. We are in a illusion (我们处于一种错觉之中) that we are safe and secure, at least in our homes.
11. According to recent studies (根据最近的研究), human beings are immune to this disease.
12. If they do not listen to us, they are bound to fail (他们必定青年人败).
6 Fill in each of the following blanks with a word from the following list. Change the form where necessary.
Bother latter criticism tend
Matter personal message
hesitateaccept unaware
Requirement indication against
anxious performance act
Face honesty express promote
Shortly before Abraham Lincoln left Springfield to be the President of the United States, he sent a (__1 message __) to a clothing merchant(商人) in Boston, thanking him for the "valuable" overcoat the (__2 latter __) had given him as a New Year's (__3gift__)There was no suggestion that Lincoln had (__4 hesitated __) to accept the gift. Nor was there any (__5 indication __) that Lincoln was troubled by possible (__6 criticism __) from the public for (__7 accepting __) valuable gifts. On the contrary (相反地), evidence (__8 tend__) to show that Lincoln looked upon gifts from citizens(公民) as a (__9 __) to him and to his office as President. And no (__10 matter__) how busy he was, he always took time to write to those who gave the gifts and (__11 express __) thanks to them. Though the new President was (__12 anxious __) that those who assisted him in the (__13 performance __) of government duties should keep high standards of decency and (__14 honesty __), the morality of accepting gifts does not seem to (__15 bother__) him.
However, as a man deeply (__16 __) to honesty and decency in government, Lincoln was not (__17unaware __) of the question of public morality. He (__18 faced__) it and dealt with it as a realist(现实主义者) and a politician. He was not (__19 against __ ) using power to strengthen his own party. But when it (__20 came__) to using power for (__21 personal __) gains, Lincoln was firm. The (__22 requirement __) he set for himself and for other public officials was always to (__23 acting __) in a way that would (__24 promote __) the public interest.
7 Translate the following into English:
1.你可曾预见到你现在遇到的困难?
Did you anticipate the difficulties that you are encountering today?
2.病人最初知道她患难与共癌症时非常紧张,现在她安静些了,似乎学会了接受恐惧.
The patient became very nervous when she first learned that she had cancer. She is quieter now and it seems that she has learned to live with fear.
3.过去某个时候他一定犯了一个使他至今仍后悔不已的大错,但他从不细说,也没人知道究竟是.个什么
错.
At one time or another he must have made a terrible mistake which he still feels sorry for. But he never
dwells on it and no one knows exactly what it is.
4.这都是无事瞎忙,你为何不把时间用得更有意义(meaningful) 些呢?
All this is much ado about nothing. Why don’t you spend your ti me in a more meaningful way?
5.见了广告我几乎不由自主地要步入饭店,但我想起了钱是要用来买教材的,便止步并转身离开.
Seeing the advertisement, I was tempted to walk into the restaurant. But remembering that I needed all the money I had for my textbooks, I stopped and turned away.
6.他们终于得出结论,经改善环境他们道德需要清扫他们的城市.
They finally came to the conclusion that to improve the environment they needed to clean up their city first.
7.作为首席住院外科医生,他不再害怕作生果决策,虽然他承认有时他仍然因疑惑不定而感困扰.
As chief resident surgeon he no longer dreads making critical decisions, though he admits he is still bothered by doubts and uncertainties.
8.校长为人和蔼友善,但一涉及正经理他便对我们就事论事不讲感情,甚至会很严厉.
hard on us
TEST YOURSELF
Test Paper
(for UNIT1-UNIT5)
(to be finished within 90 minutes)
PART I Vocabulary(30%)
Section A
1. lock I lost my keys and couldn't lock the box.
2. mystery No one knows where he came from. There is something mysterious about his family background.
3. experience Mary was already an experienced primary school teacher at the age of 25.
4. survive His survival is still uncertain; he has been very badly hurt and may die.
5. practice Your suggestion is a good one, but there are some practicable difficulties in our workshop.
6. threat Their lives were frequently threatened by gas explosion.
7. energy Everyone looked fresh and energetically after the three-day spring break.
8. perform The first American performance of this opera was in 1926.
9. courage It was courageous of Mr. Stone to try and save the drowning man.
10. fortune The boy is fortunate to have had the help and guidance of such a learned uncle.
Section B
Directions: For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one.
11. Don't ___ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.
A. reject
B. prevent
C. hesitate
D. refuse
12. Let's hang up some paintings on these ____ walls
A. bare
B. empty
C. blank
D. vacant
13. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into ____ with the Party leadership.
A. action
B. crisis
C. conflict
D. power
14. They have developed techniques which are ____ to those used in most factories.
A. more talented
B. better
C. greater
D. superior
15. Man must stop ____ the earth's atmosphere.
A. filling
B. emitting
C. polluting
D. wasting
16. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ____ of how life began.
A. problem
B. cause
C. puzzle
D. logic
17. Unfortunately, very few sheep ____ the severe winter last year.
A. survived
B. endured
C. spent
D. remained alive
A. end
B. conclusion
C. a solution
D. a method
19. Well, let's put our heads together and find ____ to the problem.
A. an answer
B. a way
C. a solution
D. a method
20. The old couple decided to move out of town to a quiet ____ , where they had spent several years immediately after their marriage.
A. space
B. suburb
C. neighborhood
D. area
Section C
Directions: For each of the underlined words or phrases, four choices are given. Choose the one that best explains or defines the underlined part.
21. It took Jane a whole hour to solve this algebra problem.
A. work at
B. work on
C. work out
D. work over
22. His manner was so bright and pleasant that Arthur felt at ease with him at once.
A. easy C. confident D. at rest
23. The market was full of salted fish, giving off the worst smell that you can imagine.
A. sending out
B. sending off
C. sending up
D. sending down
24. The self-important manager didn't seem to attach much importance to my advice.
A. apply
B. consider
C. judge
D. give
25. By then our experiment had reached a vital stage.
A. a profound
B. an ultimate
C. a perpetual
D. a very important
26. The British naturalist went all the way to India so that he could obtain firsthand information about the cobra.
A. find
B. get
C. search
D. learn
27. The bridge club rejected his application for membership.
A. refused to consider
B. refused to use
C. refused to give
D. refused to believe
28. The world market is constantly changing. We must anticipate the changes and make timely adjustments.
A. regularly
B. steadily
C. scarcely
D. always
29. He talked in detail about the feasibility of setting up an experimental school in which each child works at his or her own pace.
A. ease
B. suitability
C. practicability
D. possibility
30. Icy roads and poor visibility(能见度) are familiar hazards in the Midwest.
A. chances
B. Dangers
C. Conditions
D. happenings
PART II Structure (20%)
Section A
31. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, ___ was something we had not expected.
A. that
B. this
C. It
D. which
32. Bob tried in vain to trick his little brother _____ some money from their mother's purse.
A. to steal
B. to stealing
C. into steal
D. into stealing
33. I was ____ to find his article on such an ____ topic so ____ .
A. surprised, excited, bored
B. surprising, exciting, boring
C. surprised, exciting, boring
D. surprising, excited, bored
34. It was in 1777 ____ Vermont
A. when
B. that
C. in which
D. which
35. ____ a professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Edward Charles Pickering established the first physics laboratory in the United States.
A. while
B. being
C. although
D. he was
36. He didn't ____ and so he failed the examination.
A. work enough hard
B. work hard enough
C. hard work enough
D. hard enough work
A. little
B. few
C. much
D. many
A. so did the airlines(航空公司)
B. nor did the airlines
C. so the airlines did
D. nor the airlines did
39. _____ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A. he is remembered
B. to remember
C. while remembering
D. though remembered
40. If Dorothy had not been badly hurt in a car accident, ____ in last month's marathon race.
A. she would participate (参加)
B. she might participate
C. she would have participated
D. she must have participated
Section B
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four parts underlined and marked A, B, C and
D. you are to identify the ONE that needs correction.
41. Mary (said to)A her husband that she didn't (feel like to go to)B to (the movies)C that night because she was (tired out)D after a day's work.
42. Jacks mother (has to)A
43. A (red-hair)A boy (is needed)B to play (part of Alfred)C in (this)D new play.
44. Neither John (or)A his father (was)B able (to wake up)C early enough (to catch)D the morning train.
45. Wilson was (surprised)A to find that there was only one (other)B guest (except)C (himself)D.
46. (they say)A Mexico City is (more populous)B (人口稠密的) than (any city)C in (the world)D.
47. (The atmosphere i)A (is consisted)B of certain gases (mixed together)C (in)D definite proportions.
48. We were pleased to have the opportunity to watch (such talented dancers)A (to perform)B (a)C (highly)D acclaimed(受到赞扬的) new ballet.
49. (During)A that terrible snowstorm, the police (demanded)B that people (stayed off)C Highway 101 (except)D in cases of emergency.
50. The colonel (realized)A that the private (was crying)B (because)C what he (had said)D.
PART III Cloze (10%)
Directions: Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the best of the four choices given. When my wife, who is Spanish, spent her first winter in London a few years ago, she used to ask me time and again: "Where's the fog?" Almost all foreigners (__51__) to find the city wreathed (萦绕) in yellow-grey mist(薄雾) for most of the year. Dickens, who was (__52__) responsible for painting this (__53__) in people's minds, certainly wasn't exaggerating in those days. People (__54__) in the nineteenth century that when someone (__55__) suicide by jumping into the Thames he was choked(窒息) by the fog and poisoned by the terrible (__56__) of the river before he had time to drown himself. In fact, the situation(__57__) in recent years. When I was a boy in London thirty years ago I was often unable to see (__58__) of the road when I left home on winter mornings.
The decisive steps that have turned London into one of the (__59__) cities in the
world(__60__) taken at the end of the 1950s. But Londoners still (__61__) that fog (__62__) returns. The change took place as a result of two main improvements. Factories werhe Thames Water Authority began to pump vast (__67__) of dissolved oxygen into the river. (__68__),
all the species of fish that had gradually disappeared from the Thames (__69__) 1800 have returned. Some are even caught by fishermen (__70__) the House of Parliament(议会大厦).
51. A. look forward B. manage C. wish D. expect
52. A. first of all B. above all C. after all D. all the more
53. A. picture B. image C. photo D. portrait
54. A. were used to saying B. used to saying C. were used to say D. used to say
55. A. made C. did
56. A. fume B. smell C. smoke D. gas
57. A. only has changed B. only changes C. has only changed D. changed only
58. A. other side B. another side C. the other side D. along side
59. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. more clean
60. A. was B. were C. have been D. had been
61. A. find it strange B. find out strange
C. find strange
D. find out it strange
62. A. hardly B. barely C. scarcely D. seldom
63. A. and B. but C. to D. or
64. A. use B. make C. produce D. burn
65. A. true B. truly C. real D. really
66. A. in B. from C. on D. through
67. A. numbers B. number C .amount D. quantities
68. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. however D. as a result
69. A. before B. since C. after D. since
70. A. outside B. in the front of C. inside D. beside
Directions: in this part there are three passages followed by twenty questions, each with four suggested answers. Choose the ONE that you think is the best answer.
Passage 1
For one thing, you must show that you are interested in your school and in your fellow students. In practical terms, this means taking an active part in school activities. It means joining clubs, attending dances and other social functions, and going out for athletics - if you are athletic. (1)But many young people have to push themselves to join clubs or attend dances, Perhaps you are one of them. The basic reason for this hesitancy is natural shyness. There is nothing whatever wrong with shyness; it can b permanent
affliction(苦恼), and if you realize, too, that most of your schoolmates are probably as shy as you are.
ity of leadership-understanding. As your circle of friends and contacts widens you will get to know your schoolmates better. Because you are no longer so concerned with your own feelings, you will begin to respect and take into account the feelings of others. Your friends and acquaintances(熟人) will be aware of your new attitude, for it will show in many small ways - your greeting, conversation, and willingness to give and accept friendship. Another quality of leadership which you can develop is willingness to do a bit extra. If you are expected to sell ten tickets to a dance, for example, and sell fifteen, you have proved your interest and your effort to make your organization successful. Once you acquire(获得) the reputation(名声) of always doing a little more than expected, your fellow students will be willing to trust you with greater responsibilities. All your extra effort also indicates enthusiasm, and shows that you concentrate more on how to do a job efficiently than on its difficulties.
71. This article
A. discusses how a person can develop qualities of leadership.
B. indicates various ways a good leader can make friends and influence people.
C. analyzes the responsibilities of leadership.
D. explains why many people are not good leaders.
72. The author feels that a prospective leader should attend school dances to
A. prove that he is the best dancer in the school.
B. show his interest in school activities.
D. learn how to dance.
73. The author apparently feels that a person who is not athletic
A. should go out for athletics anyway.
B. is definitely not interested in school elections.
D. can participate in other school activities.
74. The author thinks that understanding of others leads to
A. respect for others.
B. willingness to do a bit extra.
D. understanding of one's own feelings.
75. The author feels that
A. a person is born with imagination.
B. imagination can be developed.
C. some people have no imagination.
D. imagination prevents one from thinking hard.
76. In the sentence "The basic reason for this hesitancy is natural shyness." The word "hesitancy" means.
A. willingness.
B. reluctance.
C. embarrassment.
D. indecision.
77. According to this article, if you want to be class president, you should
A. engage in school politics.
B. have a group of close friends.
C. show that you have the qualities of leadership.
D. attend class meetings regularly.
78. This analysis is a
B. point-by-point explanation of how to develop the qualities of leadership.
D. close examination of the good points of the president of student council.
Passage 2
"Wars of the n
So is the world running out of the stuff? No. The total quantity of fresh water on the Earth exceeds all possible human needs. (3)But tell that to the government of Jordan, which has drawn its underground water almost dry since Israel diverted(使改道) much of its largest water source, the river Jordan. Or to the millions of women in the African countryside walking for hours every day to collect water from polluted wells and muddy(多烂泥的) river
beds.
(4)The answer is that there is no world water crisis but many severe local water crises. There are crises of underinvestment, of political conflict over rivers that cross national boundaries(分界线), and of plain idiotic water management.
The Middle East is the likeliest place for future water wars. A long-term settlement between Israel and its neighbors will depend at least as much on fair allocation(分配) of water as of land. Iraq and Syria watch and wait as Turkey builds dams(坝) in the headwaters of the Euphrates. Elsewhere, India angers Bangladesh by diverting to its fields the thin dry-season flow of the Ganges.
Meanwhile, the best places for dams are mostly used up. Engineering and environmental costs of developing new water sources will be much higher than in the past. The human costs too are great. 16 Million people have lost their homes and land to man-made lakes in India. China will have to move one million people to make way for the There Gorges dam on the Yangtze, on which construction work began this year.
But the solution to the world's water crisis lies less in supply than in demand. The bank has spent half a century building dams, but the water problem in most countries results mainly from inefficient use of water.
Israeli scientists have long since understood this. They have revolutionized their country's use of water, cutting out much of the waste in watering crops, which in many countries accounts for 90% of water use. Waste takes other forms. Most city supply systems leak 30-50% of their water underground. And most urban sewage(污水) - a vast potential source of recycled water - passes untreated into rivers.
In most countries, water is delivered at prices that reflect only a small part of the real cost. The World Ba
79. According to the passage, what will be the probable cause of wars in the next century?
A. Food
B. Oil.
C. Land.
D. Water.
80. The world's total fresh water supply
A. is more than adequate for human needs.
B. falls short of human demands.
C. is likely to run out in the next century.
D. can't be renewed once it is used up.
81. Which of the following statements is true?
A. there is a world water crisis.
B. there is great improvement in the fresh water supply.
C. there is local fresh water shortage.
D. there is no way to solve the present water problems.
82. According to the passage, future water wars will most probably break out
A. between India and Bangladesh.
B. in the Middle East.
C. between Iraq and Syria.
D. wherever there is shortage of water.
83. According to the author, peace between Israel
A. the water problem is solved.
B. the UN takes part in the talks.
C. the USA acts as the peace maker.
D. all Arab countries join in the peace talks.
84. The chief solution to the water crisis is
A. developing new fresh water sources.
B. building more dams.
C. cooperation among nations.
D. efficient use of water.
85. According to the passage, the price of water should be
A. lowered.
B. kept stable
C. raised
D. kept at the same level as oil price.
Passage 3
At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly. "Get out of the classroom into a job," it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision, found a place for him in a supermarket. "You're lucky, Ron," he said. "For every boy with a job these days, there's a dozen with-out." So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week.
For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. (5)By the end of that time he was looking back on his school-days as a time of great variety(多样性) and satisfaction. He searched for an interest in his work, with little success.
One fine day instead of going to work Ron got a lift on a lorry (卡车) going south. With nine pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make
a better way for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a café run by an elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease and speed of it rather took Ron's breath away. At quiet times Ron had to check the old man's arithmetic in the records of the business.
At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Late in October he was taken on by the sick manager of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there; he was the only one who could keep the books.
86. Why did Ron Mackie leave school at sixteen?
A. his father made him leave.
B. he had reached the age when he had to leave.
C. he left because he was worried about the future.
D. he left because he wanted to start work.
87. What did Ron's father think about his leaving school?
A. he thought his son was doing the right thing.
C. he did not like the idea, but he helped Ron to find work.
D. he knew there was a job for every boy who wanted one.
88. It took about a year for Ron to realize that
A. he worked well because he was interested in the job.
B. his work at the supermarket was dull.
C. being at work was much better than going to school.
D. the store manager wanted to get rid of him.
89. Why did Ron leave the supermarket?
A. he knew he would find work in Bournemouth.
B. he took a job as a lorry driver.
C. he gave up the job because he felt unwell.
D. he wanted to work at the seaside.
90. Ron was able to take over the shoe shop because
A. he got on well with the manager there
B. he knew how to keep the accounts of the business.
C. he had had experience of selling books.
实训任务（2011 春） 郭明 2011年02月22日文章浏览次数：54 责任教师联系方式：郭明:guom@https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html, 资料来源：北京广播电视大学 实训任务 实训一（ASP编程环境设置）任务书 【实训目的】 1．学会Windows 2000/NT服务器上IIS（Internet服务管理器）的安装与配置； 2．学会创建虚拟目录； 3．学会运行ASP程序 【建议学时】3课时 【项目类型】必做 【实训内容】 实训内容操作提示 在Windows平台上安装服务器软件IIS 在Windows 2000/NT或Windows XP 平台上安装。
【样张】 【实施环境及提供的材料】
1．能正常运行IIS服务器的计算机和操作系统 2．实训素材（与本任务书在同一目录中） 【拓展练习】 通过本实训的操练，同学具备了基本的操作能力，试着脱离指导步骤，独立安装服务器软件、熟练创建虚拟目录并正确运行ASP程序。 【思考题】 1．什么是IIS？ 2．怎样安装和设置IIS? 3．是否一定要在 C:\Inetpub\wwwroot 下建立Web应用程序？可不可以放在别的文件夹下？ 实训二（HTML标记的使用）任务书 【实训目的】 1．通过编写简单的网页文件，掌握HTML文档的基本结构； 2．掌握网页中图像、超链接、表格、表单等相关标记的使用，并能熟练应用这些标记进行网页设计； 3．了解网页设计中CSS样式的使用。 【建议学时】6课时
【项目类型】必做 【实训内容】 编写一个网页（扩展名为htm），设计如样图所示的表单。 操作提示： 1.打开记事本（或dreamweaver软件），建立html文档的基本结构； 2.使用表格（table标记）进行网页布局：使用表格嵌套，先建立一个3×1的表格，第一行插入图片，第二行嵌套一个11×2的表格，用于设计表单，第三行插入图片并建立 E_mail链接； 3.使用form标记设计表单； 4.使用img标记插入图片； 5.使用a标记建立超链接。 【样图】
武汉大学关于硕士学位论文 印制规格的规定 国务院学位办有关文件规定：研究生学位论文撰写和编印必须符合国家标准局统一编制格式，并将博士学位论文提交北京图书馆和北京科技信息研究所收入国家级图书编目，以便及时向社会提供查阅，促进国内外学术交流。根据文件精神结合我校学位论文归档的要求，对我校硕士学位论文印制规格作出如下规定： 一、论文装订格式的排列顺序 （一）封面 （二）论文英文题目（专用一页纸，上方为题目用宋体2号字，下方为研究生姓名用宋体4号字、外文专业应有中文题目） （三）郑重声明（格式和要求见附页一） （四）中文摘要 （五）英文摘要 （六）目录 （七）引言 （八）正文 （九）中外文参考文献 （十）后记（也可不要此页） 二、论文印制规格及要求
（一）论文用A4纸（210×297mm）标准大小的白纸打印。 （二）论文在打印时，纸张四周留足空白边缘，即：每页上方（天头）、下方（地脚）、左侧（订口）、和右侧（切口）应分别留出25mm以上的空白边缘。 三、论文封面格式 （一）分类号。必须在封面左上角注明分类号，一般应注明《中国图书资料分类法》的类号，同时尽可能注明《国际十进分类法UDC》的类号。 （二）密级。论文必须按国家规定的保密条例在右上角注明密级（如系公开型论文则可不注明密级）。 （三）编号。武汉大学编号为10486，标注在封面右上角。 （四）论文题目。题目必须用楷体标准一号字标注于明显的位置。 （五）论文作者姓名。 （六）指导教师姓名、职称。指导教师姓名必须是填写当年被学校批准招收博士生、硕士生的教师。 （七）学科、专业名称。学科、专业名称必须是我校已有学位授予权的学科专业，并按国家颁布的学科专业目录中一级学科或二级学科名称印制。 （八）研究方向。 （九）论文封面统一用120克铜版纸，封面底色为白色。 （十）论文封面格式要求详见附页二。
中央广播电视大学2011-2012学年度第二学期“开放专科”期末考试（半开卷） 教育研究方法试题 一、单选题（每题3分，共15分） 1．下列关于观察法中编码的说法中，正确的是( )。 A.策略编码指对人们完成一定任务所用方法、策略的编码 B．常见的一些编码有：过程编码，活动编码，策略编码和行为编码 C．过程编码指对事物过程的编码，其编码名称是阶段和步骤 D．活动编码指按照一定的种类进行的内容编码 2．对于调查访问，下面哪种说法是正确的( )。 A．在访问时，与被访者谈得越投机越好 B．在访问时，调查者用眼睛、神态与被调查者交流是不礼貌的 C．在访问时，座位的安排无关紧要 D．-般情况下，只要受访者允许，访谈者应该尽可能使用录音机 3．下列选项中正确的是( )。 A．一般情况，研究计划的形式分为七个部分，对于特定的研究项目不可能提出其它一些研究计划的形式 B．研究计划的准备是研究过程的重要一步，许多研究在开始进行之后都要求提交研究计划 C．具体到不同的研究内容和研究方法，尽管存在着性质和层次上的差异，研究工作的程序是一成不变的 D．研究计划应包括以下三方面内容：研究目标和理论框架，以往研究的考察，研究的设计与方法 4．关于实验设计的下列说法中，正确的是( )。 A．将被试分为两组，一组施以实验处理称作实验组，另一组不给实验处理，然后测定他们对某种刺激的反应。比较两组反应上的差异不能被认为是实验处理的结果 B．组间设计的优点是：可以进行比较；缺点是：两组被试相等的假设难以得到保证，各种无关变量的控制，两组也难以做到完全相等。因此，对实验结果的解释上，可靠性就要降低 C．事前测定和事后测定比较设计是按照测定被试的方式来分类的设计类型 D．事前测定，是指在实验处理实施前对被试时行有关研究内容方面的测定，事后测定是指在实验处理实施后对被试进行有关研究内容方面的测定。前后两次测定的差
完成 获得3.00分中的3.00分 题干 HTML的颜色属性值中，RED的代码是（） 选择一项： A. ″#808080″ B. ″#FF0000″ C. ″#0000FF″ D. ″#00FF00″ 反馈 正确答案是：″#FF0000″ 题目2 完成 获得2.00分中的0.00分 题干 把窗口分割成上下两个框架，高度分别为40%和60%，正确的代码是（）。选择一项： A.
B. C. D.正确答案是：
题目3 完成 获得2.00分中的2.00分 题干 HTML标记中只能有一个属性值。 选择一项： 对 错 反馈 正确的答案是“错”。 题目4 完成 获得2.00分中的0.00分 题干 主体标记中的BACKGROUND属性是设置页面的背景颜色。 选择一项： 对 错 反馈 正确的答案是“错”。 题目5 完成 获得2.00分中的0.00分题干 HTML文档中的
武汉大学本科生毕业论文（设计）书写印制规范 毕业论文写作是反映学生毕业论文工作成效的重要途经，是考核学生掌握和运用所学基础理论、基本知识、基本技能从事科学研究和解决实际问题能力的有效手段。掌握撰写毕业论文的基本能力是本科人才培养中的一个十分重要的环节。为了统一我校本科生毕业论文的书写格式，特制定本规范。 本规范约定的书写格式主要适用于用中文撰写的毕业论文。涉外专业用英文或其他外国语撰写毕业论文的书写规范可参照本规范执行。毕业论文由设计图纸和论文两部分组成的，其图纸部分的规范格式由各学院根据不同专业图纸的要求对图纸的版面尺寸大小、版式、数量、内容要求等制定详细的规范格式。 在遵照本规范的前提下，各学院（系）还可根据不同专业特点对相关专业的毕业论文撰写格式提出更具体的要求。 一内容要求 （一）论文题目 论文题目应以最恰当、最简明的词语准确概括整个论文的核心内容，避免使用不常见的缩略词、缩写字。中文题目一般不宜超过24个字，必要时可增加副标题。外文题目一般不宜超过12个实词， （二）摘要和关键词 1.中文摘要和中文关键词 摘要内容应概括地反映出本论文的主要内容，主要说明本论文的研究目的、内容、方法、成果和结论。要突出本论文的创造性成果或新见解，不要与引言相混淆。语言力求精练、准确。在本页的最下方另起一行，注明本文的关键词（3—5个）。 2.英文摘要和英文关键词 英文摘要内容与中文摘要相同。最下方一行为英文关键词（Keywords3-5个）。 （三）目录 论文目录是论文的提纲，也是论文各章节组成部分的小标题。目录应按照章、节、条三级标题编写，采用阿拉伯数字分级编号，要求标题层次清晰。目录中的标题要与正文中的标题一致。 1
《教育研究方法》2017期末试题及答案 一、填空题(每空2分。合计30分) 1．在假设检验过程中允许犯第一类错误的概率又称为事件。 2．外在效度是指实验结果的性，或推论、应用之范围的准确性。 3．结构型问卷又称封闭式问卷，即在研究者事先规定的各种答案中，填答者选择认为符合 当时意见、态度的一个或几个答案。 4．测验的性是关于测验系统化过程好坏程度的指标。包括以下诸方面：测验刺激的客观性、量化的客观性、推论的客观性。 5．取样是选取某一段时间作为观察记录的对象。 6．测验是一种系统化了的程序和一种测量的。 7．文献法的一般过程包括五个基本环节，分别是：提出课题或假设、研究设计、搜集文献、整理文献和进行文献。 8．无结构型问卷的结构较松懈或较少，并非真的完全没有结构，只是不将资料，但必须向有关人士问差不多相同的问题，被访问的人数一般较少，自由回答。 9．成就测验是指经过一定的数量化或测验编制程序化的各类教育测验。 10．用专业语言来说，某一个随机事件在n次实验中出现的情况称为该随机事件的次数，各种随机事件在n次实验中出现的次数分布情况称次数分布。 11．文献法和内容分析法都能用于文献的研究，同属于非接触性方法。内容分析法与文献法相比更侧重于分析。 12．以结构形式为标准，问卷法可划分为型和无结构型两种类型。 13. 变量又称调节变量，是自变量的特殊类型，是研究自变量与因变量之间关系而选择的次要自变量。 14．结构型访问法、半结构访问法、无结构型访问法又被称作封闭型、半封闭型、型。 15．在实验设计中可以采用两种控制无关变量的方法，他们分别是无关变量的和无关变量保持恒定。 二、单项选择题(每题3分。合计l5分) 1．下列关于观察法中编码的说法中，正确的是( )。 A．策略编码指对人们完成一定任务所用方法、策略的编码 B．常见的一些编码有：过程编码，活动编码，策略编码和行为编码
1．请列出三种TCP/IP网络中所使用的协议，并说明它们哪些类型的终端之间的，例如，网络管理站（SNMP）是用于中央网络管理站和网络之间的。 参考答案： （1）HTTP：超文本传输协议，用于WEB服务器和WEB客户机之间； （2）SMTP：简单邮件传送协议，用于邮件客户机和邮件服务器之间； （3）TELNET：远程登录协议，用于客户机与终端之间。 2．现给出一个网址如下：https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,/planetwide/select/selector.html，请你根据所学的URL分析该网址各个部分的含义。 参考答案： //前的http表示访问信息采用的是超文本传输协议，并且文件在WWW服务器上； https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,表明了WWW服务器的位置； planetwide/select/selector.html表明最终要访问的文件所在的位置。 3．访问类型即访问信息的链接方式，它决定了文件所在的位置，请问常用的链接方式有哪几种，并举出实例。（列出三种即可） 参考答案： （1）file：如file:\\D:\作业\作业\主页.htm（前面的file:\\一般可省略）就是打开本地D盘下的一个网页；（2）ftp：如ftp:\\https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,（此处也可输入IP地址）； （3）http：如https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,/； （4）News：news:\\192.168.1.7可以查看IP地址192.168.1.7的可用新闻组； （5）telnet：telnet:\\192.168.1.7就可以运行远程登录IP地址192.168.1.7； 4．我们要进入紫霞的公众网，网址如下：telnet://https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,，请你实际操作进入该网站，并列出三种以上进入该TELNET网站的方法。 参考答案： （1）在浏览器中登录：启动INTERNET EXPLORER，在URL地址栏中输入“telnet://https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,”；（2）“开始”→“运行”→“输入telnet”→“确定”→在命令行输入“open https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,”命令并回车； （3）“开始”→“运行”→“输入cmd”→“确定”→在命令行输入“telnet https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,”命令并回车； （4）“开始”→“运行”→“输入c md”→“确定”→在命令行输入“telnet211.157.100.8”命令并回车。 5．如果远程登录失败，请问原因可能是什么？ 参考答案： （1）计算机地址拼写错误（主机名或IP地址错误）； （2）远程计算机暂时不能使用； （3）你所指定的计算机不在Internet上。 6．实践：启动INTERNET EXPLORER浏览器，修改其INTERNET选项，并观察其效果。 您的答案： 答：将https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html, 设置为INTERNET选项的首页后，只要打开INTERNET EXPLORER 便直接登录到该网站的主页 1．个人网站有哪三种基本风格？ 参考答案： （1）主题图形式； （2）信息发布式； （3）介于两者之间的风格。
武汉大学经济与管理学院 本科毕业论文正文文本格式规范 为规范我院本科学生毕业论文写作格式，学院对我院本科生毕业论文格式特做统一要求。 一、用纸及页边距 统一用A4纸张打印，左边距3厘米，右边距2厘米，上边距2.5厘米，下边距2.5厘米。 二、正文文字字体、字号及行距 正文文字字体用宋体，字号为小四号；正文文字行距采用1.25倍行距。 三、论文标题序号 统一采用中文国标。具体序号为： 一、 （一） 1、 （1） ① 第一，…… 第二，…… ② 第一，…… 第二，…… （2） 2、 （1） （2） （二） 1、 二、 （一） （二） ……
四、论文注释格式 凡文中引用的数据和观点均应以注释形式表明具体出处。正文中引用的数据和观点均用脚注的形式标明出处，采用①②……这样的序号，标注处应该用上标（即①②……）。脚注序号每页新起，即每页序号从①开始。 脚注采用小5号楷体。 五、论文图表格式 1、表和图均应有标题，以表1、表2…….，图1、图2……，显示，表和图若为引用，必须标明详细出处（标在图、表的下方），表、图中的符号要予以说明。 示例：说明：① ② ③资料来源：国家统计局：《中国统计年鉴（2000）》，80页，北京，中国统计出版社，2000。 2、表序、表题放在表的上方，图序、图题放在图的下方。论文中的表述不要用上表、下表、上图、下图之类的表述，而是直接用表1，图1这样的表述。 3、表序、表题和图序、图题用小4号楷体粗体。 4、表序与标题之间、图序与图题之间不要加冒号，而是以空格隔开。 5、表和图的内容（指标、符号、数据等）的字体应比正文文字字体小。 六、年代、年份、数字的表述方式 不能用85年之类的表述，而必须用1985年这样的表述；不能用80年代之类的表述，而必须用20世纪80年代（或1980年代）之类的表述。 数字在千位数以上，每隔3位数以空格隔开，如1 000，10 000 000等。 七、英文缩写的表述方式 英文缩写第一次出现时，必须有中文全称。格式：中文全称（英文缩写）。 示例：世界贸易组织（WTO） 八、参考文献 1、参考文献标注采用国标方法。示例： 参考文献：（先中文，后外文；先书目，后论文） 1．斯密：《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》，中文版，上卷，北京，商务印书馆，1979。 2. 于宗先：《资产泡沫化与经济消长》，载《经济学动态》，2004年第6期。 3．中国人民银行：《各项贷款增速回升，储蓄存款明显增加》，载《中国财经信息网》（网址：https://www.doczj.com/doc/f02143104.html,/），2004年12月13日。 外文参考文献建议采用以下格式： Eugene F. Fama, 1968.Risk Return and Equilibrium: Some Clarifying Comments.The Journal of Finance, Mar 1968, Vol. 23 Issue 1, pp.29-40. Alfred E. Kahn，1998. The Economics of Regulation: Principles and Institutions.The MIT Press. 或者： Fama,Eugene F. ,1968.Risk Return and Equilibrium: Some Clarifying Comments.The Journal of Finance, Mar 1968, Vol. 23 Issue 1, pp.29-40. Kahn，Alfred E., 1998. The Economics of Regulation: Principles and Institutions.The MIT Press. 2、参考文献数量不少于15种，其中外文文献不少于5种。 九、文献来源引注原则
2010年1月国开(中央电大)专科《教育研究方法》期末考试试题及答案(马全力整理的电大期末纸质考试必备资料、盗传必究！) 说明：试卷代号：2044； 适用专业及层次：教育管理和小学教育、专科； 资料整理于2020年9月29日。 一、判断题 1.搜集教育科学研究文献的主要渠道有：图书馆，档案馆，博物馆，社会、科学、教育事业单位或机构，学术会议和个人资料交流，计算机互联网。 [答案]对 2.编制测验题目是编制测验的中心环节，测验题目是具体体现测验目的的重要内容，也是决定测验好坏的重要方面。 [答案]对 3.研究的效度是指研究在揭示所研究内容的本质或其规律方面的准确、客观、科学程度，或者说研究结果符合客观实际的程度。 [答案]对 4.文献法和内容分析法都能用于文献的研究，同属于非接触性方法。内容分析法与文献法相比更侧重于定量分析。 [答案]对 5.测验(或，测验量表)法是教育与心理学研究中常用的一种研究方法，这种方法主要用于人的个性及其它个别心理差异的定量化研究。 [答案]对 6.在实验设计中可以采用两种控制无关变量的方法，他们分别是无关变量的消除和无关变量保持恒定。[答案]对 7.在假设检验过程中允许犯第二类错误的概率又称为小概率事件。 [答案]错 8.两种变量值变化方向无一定规律，即一种变量值变化时，另一种变量值可能变化也可能不变化，并且不变或变大、变小的情况为随机的，这两种变量之间的关系称为零相关。 [答案]对 9.结构型问卷又称封闭式问卷，即在研究者事先规定的各种答案中，填答者选择认为符合自己当时意见、态度的一个或几个答案。 [答案]对 10.测验法又称测验量表法，主要用于人的个性及其它个别心理差异和人的行为个别差异方面的的定量化研究，具有诊断与预测二种功能。 [答案]无错，但不完备 11.随机取样法在理论上最符合概率论原理。当研究者对所研究总体中各类个体的比例不了解，或总体中的个体之间差异程度较小，或样本数目较大等情况下，它是一种很好的取样方法。但是，它有自己的限制要求和局限性：事先把研究对象编号，比较费时费力；如果总体中的个体分散，抽取到的样本的分布也比较分散，给研究带来困难；当样本容量较小时，可能发生偏差，影响样本的代表性。 [答案]完全正确 12.等距变量有相等单位，能用数量准确说明某一量比另一量大(或小)多少，但无绝对零点，像身高、摄氏温度、体重、百分制计分等都是等距变量的例子。 [答案]部分错误 13.操作定义的作用主要有4条：第一，它有利于提高研究的客观性；第二，它有助于研究假设的检验；第三，它有利于提高教育科学研究的统一性；第四，它有利于提高研究结果的可比性。 [答案]无错误，但不完备 14.次数分布也称为频数分布，指的是一批数据中各个不同数值所出现的次数情况，或者是指一批数据
动态网页制作作业 姓名：常小梅
动态网页制作作业 一、选择题（每小题2分，共40分） 1．请判断下列语句执行完毕后，a、b、c的值（B） <% a="1" + 1 b="1" + "1" c="1" & "1" %> (A) "11","11","11" (B) 2,"11","11" (C) "11",2,"11" (D) "11","11",2 2．执行完语句a="2"，a的类型为（B） (A) 数值型(B) 字符串型(C) 布尔型(D) 日期型 3．执行完如下语句后，a的值为：（D） <% Dim a a=3 a=a+1 %> (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4 4．执行完如下语句后，Sum的值为：（C） <% Dim a(5),Sum Sum=0 For I=0 To 5 a(I)=I Sum=Sum+a(I) Next %> (A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 15 (D) 20 5．执行完a=5 Mod 3 语句后，a的值为：（B） (A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5 6．执行完a=5>3 And "a"<"c" 语句后，a的值为：（A） (A) True (B) False (C) 1 (D) 0 7．下面a=Trim(" vbscript") & Rtrim(" good") 语句后，a的值：（B） (A) " vbscript good" (B) "vbscript good"
(C) " vbscriptgood" (D) "vbscriptgood" 8．下面哪个函数可以返回当前的日期和时间：（A） (A) Now (B) Date (C) Time (D) DateTime 9．对于利用Dim a(4,5) 语句定义的二维数组，Ubound(a,1)将返回（B） (A) 0 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 10．对于Request对象，如果省略获取方法，如Request(“user_name”)，将按什么顺序依次检查是否有信息传入：（B） （A）Form、QueryString、Cookies、Server V ariables、ClientCertificate （B）QueryString、Form、Cookies、Server V ariables、ClientCertificate （C）Cookies、QueryString、Form、Server V ariables、ClientCertificate （D）Form、QueryString、Cookies、Server V ariables、ClientCertificate 11．下面哪条语句可以返回访问者的IP地址（A） (A) Request.ServerV ariables("REMOTE_ADDR") (B) Request.ServerV ariables("REMOTE_IP") (C) Request.ClientCertificate("REMOTE_ADDR ") (D) Request.ClientCertificate ("REMOTE_IP ") 12．执行完如下语句后，页面上显示的内容为：（A） <% Response.Write "A" Response.End Response.Write "B" %> C (A) A(B) AB (C) AC (D) ABC 13．请问下面程序段执行完毕，页面上显示内容是什么：（C） <% Response.Write “新浪” %> (A) 新浪(B) 新浪 (C) 新浪（超链接）(D) 该句有错，无法正常输出 14．Session对象的默认有效期为多少分钟？（C） (A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 应用程序从启动到结束 15．请问下面程序段执行完毕，页面上显示内容是什么：（B） <% Response.Write Server.HTMLEncode(“新浪”)
武汉大学信息管理学院本科毕业论文（设计）制作规范与格式一．本科生毕业论文（设计）的主要内容 1.题目及目录； 2.开题报告；[一式两份：一份装订在毕业论文（设计）封面中；一份放在 毕业论文（设计）附件中] 3.中英文内容摘要和关键词； 4.正文；（页码编号从正文开始） 5.参考文献 二．格式要求 1.书写格式要求：封面和其他填写项目必须用炭素或蓝黑墨水钢笔填写； 2.文稿要求：要求制作成Word文件（A4幅面），文字通畅，语言流畅， 版面整洁，便于装订，文稿须打印或手写。手写必须清楚准确，不得请人代写。 3.图纸要求：图面整洁，布局合理，线条粗细均匀，圆弧连接光滑，尺寸 标准规范，文字注释必须使用工程字书写。 4.曲线图表要求：所有曲线，图表，线路图，流程图，程序框图，示意图 等不得简单徒手画，须按照国家规范标准或工程要求绘制。 5.译文要求：书写清楚，内容必须与课题（或专业内容）有联系，并说明 出处，在任务书规定的日期前完成。 6.具体制作格式、字号与排版要求： 题目（黑体3号字加粗） 学院（系）、专业、学号、姓名（宋体小4号字） 指导教师姓名（宋体小4号字）
【内容摘要】（宋体5号字） 【关键词】：（宋体5号字） Abstract：（英文5号字） Key words: （英文5号字） 正文部分：（宋体小4号字） 参考文献：（宋体5号字） 三．毕业论文分量要求：毕业论文（设计）字数不得少于1万字。其中对外文翻译，外文参考资料阅读量的具体要求，由指导老师和所在教研室量化。四．毕业论文文档（装订）应包括以下内容： 1.武汉大学毕业论文（设计）：包括题目及目录，开题报告，中英文内容摘 要和关键词，正文及相关图表，参考文献等。 2.武汉大学毕业论文（设计）附件：任务书，开题报告，成绩评定表，答 辩记录。 注：任务书和开题报告需指导老师亲笔签名。 五．毕业论文档案内的印章和签名必须是原件。
一、中小学教育研究的类别 1、以研究目的对教育研究所作的分类：基础性研究和应用性研究。基础性研究以抽象、一般为特征，目的是揭示、解释、描述某些现象和过程，直接增加知识的价值；应用性研究以具体、特殊为特征，对基础性成果做进一步验证，目的在于解决某些特定的问题或提供直接有用的知识。（如相对论原理为基础性，核能应用研究为应用性。）学校情境中的教育研究大多为应用性。 2、以研究目的对教育研究所作分类：探索性研究、描述性研究、解释性研究。a、探索性研究。进行新课题，对该课题进行初步了解。缺点是难以提供满意答案；b、描述性研究。对教育中出现的某一情况或事件进行描述，把过程中观察到的情形记录下来；c、对教育中某一现象做出解释。 3、定性研究与定量研究——依教育研究性质或手段区分的两种范式：（1）定性研究：主要用文字来描述现象，从人文学科中推演而来，注重的是整体和定性的信息以及说明的方法。定性研究的5个特征：a、把自然情境作为资料的主要来源，其中研究者起关键作用；b、是描述性的（不采用数据形式）；c、关心过程而非结果或产品；d、倾向于对资料进行归纳分析（自下而上，即通过资料找问题）；e、关心的最基本的事情是人们对事物的理解。（2）定量研究：模仿自然科学，对教育现象进行观察，是经验的、可定量的研究，研究目的在于确定因果关系，并做出解释。优点：a、消除研究过程中主观性和各种偏向偏见，使研究保持客观、精确；b、把教育实践工作者以为理所当然的东西加以检验。缺点：a、教育现象具有模糊性；b、不仅受物质条件限制，还受伦理上和社会条件的限制。（3）定性研究与定量研究的关系——定性研究为定量研究提供框架，定量研究为进一步定性研究提供条件。 4、教育研究内容可分为宏观的、中管的、微观的。宏观教育研究主要研究社会现象；中观的对应机构；微观研究重点研究人与人之间。在学校情境中主要研究的是微观的。 5、按研究开展地点和资料收藏方式可分为书斋式研究和现场研究。书斋式以查阅资料为主，而非在实践中。现场研究在实践中进行。 6、研究方向尺度分为横向研究和纵向研究。横向研究-同一时间-探索性研究、描述性研究；纵向-不同时间-趋势研究、各年龄组特征研究，定组研究。 7、定性研究与定量研究的区别。①资料来源：定性研究来源于自然情境，定量研究来源于经过严密控制的情境；②研究成果的表现形式：定性研究来源于图片文字，定量研究来源于数据；③对研究关注的方面：定性研究重过程，定量研究重结果；④分析资料的方法：定性研究采用归纳分析，定量研究采用演绎分析；⑤关心的基本项：定性研究关心意义和理解，定量研究关注变量与操作；⑥学术属性：定性研究属社会、历史、人类学类，定量研究属于心理、经济、物理范畴；⑦目标：定性研究目标在于描述现实现象提高认识，定量研究目标在校验理论证实事实；⑧设计：定性研究设计灵活、一般、可引申，定量研究设计有结构、预定的、正是具体；⑨技术和方法：定量研究重观察漫谈，定性研究重实验和有组织的交谈； ⑨与被试关系：定性研究者热情接触被试，视为朋友，定量研究与被试疏远；⑩工具或手段：定性研究重录音等，定量研究中项目表问卷占比重大。 8、在学校情境中开展的研究：是应用性、中/微观的、现场式的研究。 二、研究问题选择的三个基本准则：问题必须有价值，有新意，有可行性。主观条件：研究人员自身的素质。客观条件：物质条件。时机条件：理论、工具、技术手段等成熟度。 三、研究变量的类型 1、自变量：又称刺激变量，是引起或产生变化的原因，是研究者操纵的假设的原因变量。 2、因变量：又称反应变量，也称依变量，是受自变量影响的变量，是自变量作用于被试后
学《教育研究方法》有感 我们这个学期开设了《教育研究方法》这门课，是由钱老师给我们讲课的。一开始的时候，以为这门课对于我来说没有什么用处，内容有比较枯燥，就想着后面可能要经常逃课了。可是听了一会钱老师的讲课，发现这教育研究方法也是很有趣的一门课。老师讲的很有新意，颇具特色。让我对于课题的选择、研究过程方法、研究结果分析和总结等有了进一步的认识。下面是我对这门课一下理解与心得。 首先，老师跟我们分享了研究课题应该如何选择；我们应该遵循需要性原则、创造性原则、科学性原则以及可行性原则。选择研究课题，是进行科学研究的起点，是整个科学研究过程中最重要、最困难的工作之一。因此，掌握心理与教育科学研究方法，首先就要学会如何选择研究课题。 需要性原则；是指要根据社会发展的客观需要和心理与教育科学研究自身发展的需要选择研究课题。在我们对教育的研究是，研究课题的选择主要集中在对于课堂教学方法的研究、学生学习方法的研究、学生思想方面的研究。根据此原则选择研究课题时，应注意处理好理论研究与应用研究的关系，把研究成果运用到实际课堂教学中。 创造性原则；做教育科学研究是要解决前人没有解决或者完全解决的问题，我们必须要求要创新，要有自己的独到之处，没有创新就谈不上科研。创新是做研究的灵魂，我们做研究必须要在本质上创新，做到新颖性，独特性和先进性，这样做出的研究才是有意义的。 科学性原则；是指研究选题应在一定的科学理论的指导下进行，必须有一定的事实根据和科学根据，结论不能违背已经被实践证明的有关科学理论。 可行性原则是指根据研究者具备的主观条件和从事研究所具备的各种客观
条件选择研究课题，以保证所选课题保质保量的完成。主观条件是指研究者为研究课题所具备的科学知识、研究能力和工作经验。客观条件是指完成某项课题所必须具备人力、物力、财力、设备等等。
教育研究方法作业三 第七章自测题 一、填空 1. ( ) 是指研究者为了解答所研究的问题，说明对实验中各种变量如何控制的一种简要的计划、结构、方法和策略等。 2. 对同一个刺激，被试个体所进行的或能形成的反应种类是无限的。如何把无限的被试个体的反应控制在主试所意想的方向上，这就是所说的（）问题。 3. 种类自变量的有：课题方面的自变量、（）、被试变量和暂时的被试变量。 4. 实验研究中的变量包括自变量、因变量、干涉变量、控制变量、（）。 5. ( ) 又称调节变量，是自变量的特殊类型，是研究自变量与因变量之间关系而选择的次要自变量。 6. 不同的环境也可以作为自变量。学校、地区、班级等环境因素都可作为变量，即（）变量。 7. 自变量的不同水平称为（）或（）。 8. （）是将两组被试除自变量外其他条件尽量保持相等。 9. 在实验设计阶段可以采用的一些控制无关变量的方法，这种对无关变量的控制称为（）。 10. 将被试分为两组，一组施以实验处理称作实验组，另一组不给实验处理，称作控制组，最后测定对某种刺激的反应，然后比较两组反应上的差异，这称为( )， 11. 相关设计又称（）。 12. 内在效度是指实验数据偏离真值的程度或（）的大小。 二、名词解释 1. 自变量， 2.环境变量， 3. 控制变量， 4. 组间设计， 5. 随机化方法， 6. 配对法， 7. 统计控制， 8. 完全随机化设计， 9. 区组设计，10.准实验设计，11.内在效度，12. 统计推论效度， 13.外在效度。 三、简答题
1. 一个好的反应指标应具备哪些条件？ 2. 自变量的种类有哪些？ 3. 对自变量的控制应注意哪些问题？ 4. 实验中规定操作定义有什么好处？ 5. 因变量要具备哪些特点？ 6. 事前测定和事后测定比较设计各有什么优缺点？ 7. 完全随机化设计与随机区组设计有何异同？ 8. 拉丁方设计的特点是什么？ 9. 影响构想效度的因素有哪些？ 四、论述题 1. 控制或规定自变量时应注意的几个问题。 2. 确定反应变量指标时应注意什么问题。 3. 对部分被试变量和暂时被试变量应如何控制？ 4. 对环境变量和部分被试变量应如何控制？ 5. 影响内在度的因素有哪些？ 6. 影响统计推论效度的因素有哪些？ 7. 影响外在效度的因素有哪些？ 自测题参考答案 一、 1.实验设计， 2.控制， 3. 环境变量， 4.无关变量， 5.干涉变量， 6.环境变量， 7.检查点、实验处理， 8.随机化和配对法， 9.无关变量的消除、无关变量保持恒定10.配对法，11.事后回溯设计，12.系统误差。 二、 1. 又称独立变量，它是由研究者选定，并进行操纵、变化的能产生所欲研究的教育现象的因素，或因素的组合。
路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索- 百度文库 武汉大学经济与管理学院毕业论文要求及文本格式规范为规范我院本科学生毕业论文写作格式，学院对我院本科生毕业论文格式特做统一要求。 一、用纸、页边距及字数要求 统一用A4纸张打印；左边距3厘米，右边距2厘米，上边距2.5厘米，下边距2.5厘米；字数要求：本科生不少于10 000字，专科不少于8 000字。 二、目录 目录为三级目录，并标明页码，详细格式规范见附件。 三、内容摘要的要求及格式规范见附件 四、正文文字字体、字号及行距 正文文字字体使用宋体四号字；正文文字行距采用1.25倍行距。 五、论文标题序号 统一采用中文国标。具体序号为： 一、（这是一级标题） （一）（这是二级标题。注：凡是带“括号”或带“圆圈”的标题后面一律不要写标点符号） 1、（这是三级标题） （1）（这是四级标题。四级标题不能独占一行，后面必须紧跟段落文字。四级标题应该先总结出一个小标题，在标题后面紧接着写文字。四级标题后面只能跟一个段落，不能写很多段落） ①、②（这些严格说不是标题，而是在段落中间需要分层次说明问题的时候所划分的“层次”）。如果“①”、“②”还不够使用，可以使用以下层次序号：即“第一，……第二，……”或者“首先”、“其次”等。
（2） 2、 （1） （2） （二） 1、 二、 （一） （二） …… 六、论文注释格式 凡文中引用的数据和观点均应以注释形式表明具体出处。正文中引用的数据和观点均用脚注的形式标明出处，采用①②……这样的序号，标注处应该用“上标”（即①②……）。“脚注”序号每页新起，即每页序号从①开始。 脚注采用小5号宋体。 脚注的排版方式与“参考文献”的排版方式相同。 七、论文图表格式 1、表和图均应有标题，以表1、表2……，图1、图2……显示。表和图若为引用，必须标明详细出处（标在图、表的下方），表、图中的符号要予以说明。 示例： ①资料来源：国家统计局：《中国统计年鉴（2000）》，80页，中国统计出版社2000年3月第1版。 ②……
小学教育-教育研究方法试题（带答案） 一、填空题（每空2分，合计20分） 1．分层随机取样是指对由性质并非完全相同的部分组成的总体，按照性质不同分层，然后对各层次按比例抽样的方式选择样本。 2．影响研究信度的因素主要有：被试方面的因素、主试方面的因素、研究设计方面的因素和研究实施方面的因素。 3．研究计划一般包括：课题表述，文献查阅，课题意义，定义、限制和界定，文献查阅，假设，方法，时间表等7部分。 4．影响研究信度的因素主要有：被试方面的因素、主试方面的因素、研究设计方面的因素和研究实施方面的因素。 5．加权算术平均数是具有不同比重的数据(或平均数)的算术平均数。 6．观察法具有目的性与计划性、自然性和观察的客观性、观察的直接性等特点。 7．随机化和配对法是将两组被试除自变量外其他条件尽量保持相等。 8．研究日志一般包括备忘录、描述性记录、解释性记录和深度反思四种。 9．内在效度是指实验数据偏离真值的程度或系统误差之大小。 10．半结构型访问法是把有关问题交给访问者，但无一定的问题顺序；这种方法访问时比较方便，被试易于合作。 二、单项选择题（每小题1分，合计10分） 1．研究变量的四种类型分别是( a )。 A．称名变量、顺序变量、等距变量和等比变量 B．称名变量、顺序变量、等距变量和随机变量 C．离散变量、顺序变量、等距变量和等比变量 D．称名变量、顺序变量、连续变量和等比变量
2.下列说法中不正确的是（ c ）。 A．分类指标是反映研究变量的性质和类别的指标 B．顺序指标是反映研究变量所具有的不同等级或顺序程度的指标 C．等距指标是反应研究变置在数量上的差别和大小的指标 D．等比指标是反映变量的比例或比率关系的指标 3.下列不属于观察的设计和准备内容的是( d )。 A．问题、目的对象的确定 B．理论准备、内容、项目与表格设计 C．试探性观察与观察取样 D．筹备观察资金 4.“总数为N=500，样本容量是n=50，求出间隔500÷50=10，于是每隔10个抽取一个样本，连续抽样50次。”这是采用（ c ）。 A．简单随机取样法 B．分层随机取样法 C．等距随机取样法 D．多段随机取样法 5．下列关于区分度的说法中正确的是( a )。 A．区分度指标等于o．2时，题目评价为优良 B．难度在o．5时，区分度最大 C．区分度分析有两个方面，一个是题目内部一致性分析，另一个是内在效度的分析D．一般讲，区分度越接近l时，难度越大。 6．关于实验设计的下列说法中，正确的是( c )。 A. 事前测定和事后测定比较设计的优点是有了两次测定可以进行比较，缺点是由于先后两次是在不同的时间测定的，因而对于测量工具、评价人员标准及多种因素交互作用等引起的变化，难以进行良好的控制，但不会降低结果解释的效度 B．区组设计是将被试按区组分类，使每一区组的被试尽量保持同样数量，然后将区组内被试随机分派到各个实验处理中去 C. 区组设计的一种方式是配对，即根据研究的要求，将影响研究结果的某些因素水平相同的被试配对，得到不同水平的被试对，然后随机让其中的一个，接受实验处理
第一部分课程性质、目的要求 一、课程性质 本课程是高等师范专科教育管理专业或小学教育专业的一门必修课程。 二、课程目的要求 目的 通过本课程的教学，培养学生的教育科研意识，了解教育科研的一般原理，基本掌握教育科研方法的一般步骤和主要科研方法、基础知识及应用技能，初步具备进行教育科研的能力。 要求 1. 以科学教育观为指导，要求学生认真学习、理解教育科研的一般原理，认真完成作业，逐步掌握教育科研的主要方法、操作技能和形成教育科研的能力。（具体详细内容见各章的教学要求） 2. 教育科研方法是一门方法性、实践性很强的课程。要求学生高度重视理论联系实际，主动参加教育科研实践，并在教育科研实践中，运用所学的内容，结合工作，进行教育科研的选题、设计、实施和评价的实际操作，提高运用教育科研方法的能力。 3. 要求学生从“教育要面向世界，面向未来，面向现代化”的高度，认识学习教育科研方法的重要性，逐步树立“作为一个好的教育工作者既要教书育人，又要开展教育科研”的意识，逐步树立科研治校的思想，提高科学管理水平。 4. 课程内容应具有科学性、规范性和适当超前意识的先进性，同时根据学生在职的特点，以“必须、够用”为原则。知识范围选择适当，突出应用性和注意理论联系实际。 第二部分多媒体教材一体化总体设计初步方案 、本课程学分为5分、课内学时数为90 学时。
二、教材 1. 文字教材 文字教材采用一体式。文字教材是学生学习的主要媒体和教与学的主要依据。根据远程教育的基本规律和电大学生的实际需要，文字教材包括课程的专业系统知识内容、小结内容、作业内容、学习目标和标注配有录音带教材的说明符号。文字教材中，对概念的叙述要直观 无误、阐述清楚，对各章节内容的学习目标要提出明确要求，要适合成人业余学习为主的特点，便于自学。 2. 录音带教材
2017秋17春教育研究方法17春在线作业1 一、单选题（共10 道试题，共30 分。） 1. 质的研究实际是一个建构概念框架的过程，是研究者的初步理论设想。一般来说，它包括：组成研究的重要概念以及这些概念之间的各种关系；研究问题的范围、内容和层次；还包括 A. 研究者自己对研究问题的工作思路和工作假设 B. 研究方法 C. 研究程序 D. 研究困难预设 正确答案： 2. 数据分类就是按照研究对象的本质特征，根据研究的目的、任务和分析的方法，将同质的数据进行分组归类，又被称为（）。 A. 统计分析 B. 统计归组 C. 统计结论 D. 统计规律化 正确答案： 3. 教育发展的决定性力量是 A. 教育实践 B. 教育探索 C. 教育经验的积累和总结 D. 教育科研 正确答案： 4. 选取的被试需要分派到实验组和控制组中去接受不同的刺激处理。在实际研究中，研究者为了创造出两组相同的对象，往往采用匹配性分派和（） A. 抽样性分派 B. 随机性分派 C. 整体分派 D. 等距性分派 正确答案： 5. “真正的学问是需要磨练和锻造的，是需要一定的时间作保证的。一篇文章，动手撰写前，也许已经作了一些准备，有了一些想法，但写过之后，也不妨在抽屉里再放上一段时间，因为你也许在反思当中又会有一些新的想法。反复思量，多方求所，祥加考订，才有可能写出精品”，以上这段话是一位资深教育学家对教育科研的认识和感悟，请选出是哪一位教育家所言？ A. 蔡元培
B. 瞿葆奎 C. 陶行知 D. 杨贤江 正确答案： 6. 简单随机抽样有两种方法，其中之一是随机数表法，另一种方法是 A. 抽样法 B. 抽取法 C. 抽检法 D. 概率法 正确答案： 7. 有一些变量在一些研究中是自变量，在另一些研究中可能就是无关变量，反之亦然，因此无关变量是相对于（）。 A. 具体的研究内容而言的 B. 具体的研究目的而言的 C. 具体的研究程序而言的 D. 具体的研究要求而言的 正确答案： 8. 横断研究是指在某一特定时间内，对许多不同对象进行系统的研究，探讨其发展规律和特点，又被称为（） A. 横切研究 B. 横向研究 C. 比较研究 D. 类比研究 正确答案： 9. 调查研究法以其独特的优点和效力，成为教育科学研究的一种基本方法，为认识和把握教育发展的现实提供了有效的途径和手段，这一方法最早是在社会科学中经常使用，把其引入到教育研究中的来是著名学者肯德尔（N．Kendall），请选出该学者的国籍（）。 A. 美国 B. 英国 C. 法国 D. 德国 正确答案： 10. 外部效度可以细分为总体效度和. A. 生态效度 B. 环境效度 C. 局部效度 D. 样本效度 正确答案： 教育研究方法17春在线作业1