新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词基本用法及原则
掌握情态动词的基本原则
The Three Golden Rules：
①无人称、数的变化
②后面接动词原形
③否定构成：后加not
Everyone is here. we start the meeting?
A. Need
B. Must
C. Should
D. Shall
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词表猜测的用法
掌握情态动词表示猜测的用法
记忆口诀：
一肯一否
三个不一定
（2009. 辽宁）
— You mean this CD _____ belong to Victor?
— Yes, it has his name on it.
A. must
B. may
C. might
D. can
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态短语的用法归类
重点掌握常考情态短语的用法
have to, be able to, used to
+ do
had better, would rather
had better not do
双龙摆尾
would rather not do
She ____ stay at home if there is someone calls her up.
A. would rather not to
B. wouldn’t rather to
C. would rather not
D. wouldn’t rather
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词八卦阵（1）
掌握情态动词表示委婉语气的用法以及否定回答的用法
委婉客套阵
can- could may- might will- would
否定连环阵
can may must need
can’t can’t needn’t don’t have to
mustn’t needn’t
（2010·甘肃省）
—May we leave the classroom now?
—No, you ___. You ____ to leave until the bell rings.
A. must n’t, are allowed
B. don’t have to, are supposed
C. needn’t, aren’t allowed
D. can’t, aren’t supposed
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词八卦阵（2）
掌握must, have to的区别以及情态动词表猜测的用法
主客双关阵：must, have to
变幻莫测阵
口诀：
情态动词真是行
表示猜测句式灵
一肯二否连疑问
再加三个不一定
Be quick! They ________ for us at the church gate right now.
A. must wait
B. must have waited
C. must be waiting
D. ought to wait
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词八卦阵（3）
掌握情态动词表“能力；也许”的用法以及need, dare用法
通天能力阵
can/ could+ V be able to do
能力、可能性因客观因素产生的能力
时态性不强有时态变化
无人称、数的变化有人称、数的变化
分合散花阵
词性位置成分
may+be 情态动词+be 句中两者构成谓语
maybe Adv. 句首独立作状语
两极变法阵
need/dare
作情态动词作实义动词
词后要加不定式
否定助动见
提问救兵来改变
人称时态都来电
You ____explain it to me.
A. needn’t to
B. don’t need
C. need to
D. needn’t
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——情态动词八卦阵（4）
复习情态动词重点考点
虚实迷魂阵
情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法,表示对已发生事实的责备语气
情态动词+have done,一般翻译成“本…”
情态动词八卦阵复习：
委婉客套阵通天能力阵否定连环阵分合散花阵
主客双观阵两极变法阵
变幻莫测阵虚实迷魂阵
考点总结：
黄金三原则
一词多义
答句形式
句式变化的不同用法
I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I __________ for her.
A. had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——宾语从句原则及解题技巧
快速掌握宾语从句解题技巧
（一）宾语从句三原则
（二）疑问句做题技巧先看疑问再找主
时态语境看清楚
（三）委婉提问委婉提问挺实在
按照句意选时态
(2010 .河北省卷)
Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me___?
A. where you buy it
B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it
D. where did you buy it
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——常考状语从句的引导词（1）
重点掌握时间，条件和让步状语从句的考点
考虑主将从现
时态全面
1.时间状语从句引导词
常用引导词：
when, as, while, as soon as; before, after, since; till, until
特殊引导词：
the moment, the second, every time, immediately
2.条件状语从句引导词
常用引导词：if, unless
特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, in case（以防…）
3.让步状语从句引导词：
常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though
（2010四川达州）
I don’t know if Jack . If he , call me, please.
A. will come; will comes
B. comes; come
C. comes; will come
D. will come; comes
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——常考状语从句的引导词（2）
掌握其他状语从句考点
原因状语从句
because, since, as, for
目的状语从句
so that, in order that
结果状语从句
so that, so /such …that
地点状语从句: where, wherever
比较状语从句: than, as…a s
(2010山东省潍坊市)
You have to leave now ______ you can catch the early bus.
A. so that
B. as soon as
C. because
D. if
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——状语从句的考点汇总
解析状语从句考点
考点：
1. 高频引导词
not…until/because/though; although/
so that/so…that/such..that/when, while
2. if 用法
3. 主将从现
（2009·河南）
It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drive rs ____ people get off the bus.
A. after
B. since
C. until
D. when
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——定语从句变化口诀及关系代词用法
解析定语从句变化口诀和关系代词考点
1.口诀：分合大法
把两个有修饰关系的简单句合并成一句带有定语从句的复合句一找：找出两句重复的部分
二删：删除第二句重复部分
三替：用对应连接词替换删除的重复部分
四放：将从句放在先行词后面
2.结构
先行词+ 关系词+ 从句其他部分
3.关系代词
含义成分用法
who 指人主/宾作宾可省
whom 指人宾可省
which 指物主/宾作宾可省
that 指物或人主/宾作宾可省
whose “谁的” 定不可省
（2008年云南省）
We should give a hand to the people _____ need help.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. when
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——定语从句只用that的用法
掌握只用that的用法口诀
只用that的口诀：
多多少少不一
恰好人物最虚（序）
—Have you been to the first Sport Centre ______is just opened in town?
—No, not yet.
A. where
B. who
C. that
D. when
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——定语从句关系副词用法
掌握关系副词的用法
含义
where 指地点
when 指时间
why 指原因
（2010·湖北省十堰市）
I began to work in Shanghai in the year ____HongKong was returned to China.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——关系副词与关系代词的区别及解题技巧
区别关系代词和关系副词
1. 成分异同：
关系代词在从句中的成分是主语，宾语，定语
关系副词在从句中的成分是状语
2. 解题技巧：
从句成分缺什么补什么
从句谓语是什么加什么
The town________ we visited last month is the one________ the famous painter was born.
A. where, which
B. which, where
C. that, which
D. where, where
新初三英语暑假中考衔接班（三）
情态动词记忆口诀和从句考点及暑期总复习
——定语从句难点解析（1）
掌握定语从句解题技巧以及介词+关系代词用法
1.关系词如何选择:
从句成分缺什么补什么
从句谓语是什么加什么
2.介词+关系代的原则:
§状语从句的种类（九种） 口诀： ?时地原因条状补， ?目比结果方让步， ?连词引导各不同； ?主句通常前面走， ?连词引导紧随后， ?从句若在主前头， ?主从之间有个逗。 用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为： 1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time) 2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place) 3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause) 4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition) 5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose) 6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession) 7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison) 8.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner) 9.结果状语从句。(adverbial clause of result) §状语从句的时态特点 一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如： 1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time) ①由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如： When we got home, I find Tom. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。 ②由before和after引导的时间状语从句。 It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
状语从句的种类 1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.原因状语从句 4.条件状语从句 5.目的状语从句 6.让步状语从句 7.比较状语从句 8.方式状语从句 9.结果状语从句 状语从句的时态特点： 一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。 例如：1）I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我到北京就将给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive） 2）As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 我一完成此工作，就回家。（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished） 3）If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，绝不可用will come back） 状语从句讲解和练习 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。 例如：1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。 状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner …than, hardly …when, scarcely …when 例如： I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere 例如：
英语语法口诀 第一部分定语从句 1.定语从句概述 a)定语从句起定语修饰作用，分为限定性和非限定性两种，非限定性通常有逗 号验证 I have plenty of friends who are from foreign countries. I have plenty of friends, some of whom are from foreign countries. b)先行词，关系词，定语从句，如此一线性 The man that instructed me is a famous expert. c)关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词作主宾表定，关系副词作状 语才行：关系词三大作用：1.代替先行词；2.引导从句；3.在从句中充当成分The murder was caught alive in the house where he killed three women. 2.三步法选关系词 a)首先找出先行词，带入从句看成分是其次，（主表宾定不合适，状语必然是， 用关系副词）再由先行词及其成分定关系词 I will never forget the day when I met the president. 3.关系代词的选用 a)人用that whom who。 b)which that 用于物 c)that 真是个人物，既充人又充物；既当宾又当主
d)whom 只做宾，which that who 既宾又主 e)whose 作定语（=名词+of which），不分人或物 The tall house whose windows face the south is my office. 4.关系副词的选用 a)先行词the time，需用关系副词时，用when 才可以 若关系词在从句中充当状语，则关系词应用when，the time +when（=on which）I will never forget the days when I lived with you happily. I will never forget the days which I spent learning English . b)先行词the place，需用关系副词时，where来效力 若关系词在从句中充当状语。则关系词应用where，the place+where（=in which） c)先行词the reason，需用关系副词时，why有用武之地 若关系词在从句中充当状语，则关系词应用why，the reason +why（=for which）d)When where why都可用“相应介词+which”来代替 Why=for which; where=on/in/at which; when=on/in/at which 5.某个关系词不能使用的情形和关系词的省略 a)介词后不用that，who，而用which，whom 引导定从的关系词如果在介词后作介词宾语，则关系词不能用that和who The train on which she was traveling was late. Who is the girl to whom you speak? b)逗号后that资格不够 c)限定性定从中关系词作宾或表，可去可留.注：在非限定性定语从句中，关系
状语从句 状语从句的作用： 状语从句的种类： 状语从句的考点： ?各种状语从句的从属连词有哪些； ?同一种状语从句中从属连词的区别； ?同一个从属连词在多种状语从句中的运用。 一、时间状语从句： 引导词：When, whenever, as, while, before, after, until (till), since, as soon as, once each/every time, next time, the first/…time, the moment, the minute, instantly, immediately, directly(一…就…), no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when 考查重点： 1)when的用法：was doing…when, be about to do… when“正在做 某事/正要做….突然发生另一件事”。 2.)几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别： It is + 时刻+ when… It is/has been + 段时+ since（谓语动词一般为过去时）… It will be/was + 段时+ before (现在时/过去时).“过一段时间…才” 3).before的用法： A：表“还未来得及…就…”B：表“过一段时间才…”， 4).until的用法：在not…until结构中，谓语用短暂性动词，“直到…才”;谓语为延续性动词，用until表“一直持续到…”。 5) no sooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when 刚……就 A. 时态：主句用过去完成时（had + pp）从句用一般过去时 B. 倒装：no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要倒装 She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move. No sooner had she arrived at the station than …. He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow. Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow 二、原因状语从句： 引导词：because, since, as, for, now( that), considering (that), seeing (that) 考查重点：because, since, as, for because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why since –通常放句首．译为“既然” as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱． for–放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明。 三、地点状语从句： 引导词：where. Wherever。Where指“在某个地方”，wherever指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方”，在使用时：一要注意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。四、目的状语从句和结果状语从句 引导词：in case, so that, in order that, for fear that。So that引导状语从句只能置于主句之后。In order that 引导状语从句可放主句之前或之后。目的状语从句的谓语常含有can，could，may，might情态动词。这也是与结果状语从句的一个区别。引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that，so…that，such…that.结果状语放在主句之后。
状语从句 一．分类： 种类连接词注意区别： 时间状语when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly /until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardly…when/directly /no sooner…than/the moment/the minute/immediately 有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从 句：the minute, the moment, every time, the first time 例：The moment he reached the country, he started his search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。 有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句： directly 例：Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校长一进来，大家就安静下来 as和when、while： as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。当从句的动作发生于 主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或while。从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用 when 或while。 till/until和not…till/until： Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 地点 状语 where//wherever where，表示某一个；wherever，表示任何一个。 原因状语Because/as/since/now that/for because和since、for、as、now that： because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就 用as或since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末， 且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明 直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。now that都表示“既然”now that一定要是现在发生的，since 可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。 条件状语if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that 多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现 在时，如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。 目的状语(so) that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lest so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would 等情态动词 结果状语so…that, such…that 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词， 修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或 副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。 比较 状语 Than/a s…as，not so/as…as/the more…the more 方式 状语 as if, as though, as, (just)as---so，as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。 让步状语Though/although/even if/even though/as，no matter what/who/which/how/when，whatever/whoever /whichever/however/whenever ，whether---or---（不管 ----都） as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though 用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用 时间状语从句： when (当……的时候) while (在……期间) as (当……的时候, 一边……一边……） before (在……之前) since (自从……以来) till/until (直到) hardly…when… (刚……就) as soon as (一……就……）after (在……之后) not…till/until（直到……才）no sooner…than…（ 刚……就)
一、状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别连词 状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 状语从句where,wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for 语气位置意义 because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so…that, such…that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋manymuch＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
状语从句 在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等种类。 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely...when, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time, next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly等。 1.表示“一···就···”的句型 1) as soon as/once As soon as he arrives, I'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。（as soon as 侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示“一旦...”） 2) on doing sth/on one's + n.作时间状语 On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested. 一到达车站，这个小偷就被逮捕了。 On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison. 他一到达巴黎，就被认出是一个贵族，并被投入监狱。 3) no sooner ...than , hardly/scarcely...when 它们表“一…就”。结构中的否定词放在句首时，主句要倒装。（主句都用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。） No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain. 他刚到家，天就开始下雨了。 Hardly/Scarcely had I entered the room when the phone rang. 我一进屋，电话就响了。 当no sooner, hardly, scarcely不放在句首时，主句不倒装，如： I had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started. 我刚到车站，车就开走了。 I had scarcely（hardly）entered the room when the phone rang. 4）the moment, the instant, the minute, the second The moment I saw him, I recognized him. 我一看见他，就认出了他。 We'll leave the minute you are ready. 你一准备好，我们就出发。 5)有些副词如：instantly, immediately, directly可用作连词，后接从句。 I left immediately the clock struck 5. 我刚走，钟就敲了五点。 2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句 1) when的用法 ①when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。
状语从句 状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或句子。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。种类从属连词例句要点归纳 时间状语从句when When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.when指的是“当…时”。从句中的动词可表延续性动作，也可表瞬间性动作 ※I was walking along the street when(这时) suddenly Tom patted me on the shoulder . when意为“这时”或“在那时”,这时when分句一般位于句末。 while While it was raining, they went out. ※All of us are working hard while he is sleeping.( 并列连 词“然而”) while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性 的。 as He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他赶快回家，边走边向后看。 As (随着)time goes by, I like China better. as（一边...一边）引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；“随 着”。 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher. I finished my task before I went home. before译为“在…之前, 才, 就” after He arrived after the game started.在…之后 till until We waited till (until)he came back .直到 She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .直到…才 主句谓语动词为延续性，常用肯定式； 主句谓语动词为瞬间性，常用否定式，可用before替换 since,Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. It’s 8 years since I taught here. 其从句通常用一般过去时，主句谓语动词通常用完成时 常用于It is /was …since句型 as soon as As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you. No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain “一…就”同：i mmediately, directly, instantly, the minute / moment , no sooner…than, hardly (scarcely)…when the first time The first time I saw him, he was a school teacher 同理：every time, each time, any time ,the last time, by the time 可引导时间状语从句 地点状语从句where wherever Where there is water there is life. Wherever you go, you must obey the law. where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强。 in which只在定语从句中的某些情况下，才可以与where替换 原因状语从句because I was late yesterday because I was ill.because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后 since Since (既然)everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首as As（由于） he didn’t know m uch E nglish, he looked up the word in the dictionary . 从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。for It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet.for连接的是并列句，表补充说明的原因，常位于主句后。 目的状语从句so that in order that ①I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget. ②They worked harder i n order that they could finish the work ahead of time. 常用情态动词can (could)等放在从句动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后.
状语从句解题技巧
状语从句 状语从句的作用： 状语从句的种类： 状语从句的考点： ?各种状语从句的从属连词有哪些； ?同一种状语从句中从属连词的区别； ?同一个从属连词在多种状语从句中的运用。 一、时间状语从句： 引导词：When, whenever, as, while, before, after, until (till), since, as soon as, once each/every time, next time, the first/…time, the moment, the minute, instantly, immediately, directly(一…就…), no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when 考查重点： 1)when的用法：was doing…when, be about to do… when“正在做 某事/正要做….突然发生另一件事”。 2.)几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别： It is + 时刻+ when… It is/has been + 段时 + since（谓语动词一般为过去时）… It will be/was + 段时 + before (现在时/过去时).“过一段时间…才” 3).before的用法： A：表“还未来得及…就…” B：表“过一段时间才…”， 4).until的用法：在not…until结构中，谓语用短暂性动词，“直到…才”;谓语为延续性动词，用until表“一直持续到…”。 5) no sooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when 刚……就
状语从句分类:
when （当 .. 的时候）before （在 .. 之前）as soon as （一.. 就. while （在... 期间） since （自从... 以来） ）after （在 .... 之后） as （当……的时候，一边……一边……） till/until （直到）hardly …when…（刚就） not …till/until （直至U 才）no sooner …than ??刚就
no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever （不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时） 比较状语从句： as （正如） as …as （和- ... 一样） not as/so …as （不如… …） than （比… … 更） the+比较级 …+the+比较级 （越 ……越……） 条件状语从句： if （假设） unless （如果不） so long as （只要） on condition that （如果） 方式状语从句： as （像 ... 那样地） just as （正像） as if （好像） as though （好像） 各种状语从句的简化方法: 1. 以after 和before 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于 after/before+doing sth.作状语。 例 After she sang , she left the rich man's house . = After singing , she left the rich man's house . 2. 以as soon as 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语 一致时，从句等于 on+doing sth.，作状语，此时的动词为 非延续性动 词。 例： Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village . =Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village . 3. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例： She stopped when she saw her husband = She stopped to see her husband If you want to understand the farmers , you must go to the countryside . =To understand the farmers, you must go to the countryside . 4. 结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时， 可以简化为不定式作状语； 若两者主语不一致时, 则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例：He was so tied that he couldn't go any further . = He was too tied to go any further . I came here so that I could ask some questions. = I came here （in order ） to ask some questions . 5. 以when , while 引导的时间状语从句和以 if 引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于 whe n/while/if +do ing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。 例： When he turned on the radio , he found it broken . = When turning on the radio , he found it broken . While she was walking along the street , she was hit by a car. = While walking along the street , she was hit by a car . 6. 原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。 例：Since l didn't know Chinese , I tried to speak to her in English . = Not knowing Chinese , I tried to speak to her in English . 注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。 例： As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest , he went into the tea-house . =Thirsty and eager to get a little rest , he went into the tea-house . 结果状语从句： so+adj./adv.+that （如此 ...... 以致） such+n.+that （如果 ..... 以致） 让步状语从句：though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although （虽然） however so that （结果 ..... ） that （所以，因此）
. 一、状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别连词 时间状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 地点状语从句where,wherever 原因状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 结果状语从句so that, so that, such that, that, etc. 目的状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 条件状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 让步状语从句though,although,even if, even though,however,whatever, as,etc. 比较状语从句as as, so as, than, etc. 方式状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 as 表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for
. 语气位置意义 because 最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as 较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since 较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for 最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前” ，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so that, such that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态 动词表结果。 so that“如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+ 形／副＋ that 2.so+ 形＋ a(an) ＋单数名词＋that 3.so ＋ manymuch＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that such that“如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.such ＋a(an) ＋形＋名词＋that 2.such ＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that 4.though, although, as, though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but 。 下列情况只能用though：
状语从句 它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。 1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、让步状语从句 9、比较状语从句 1、时间状语从句 种类从属连词例句说明 时间状语从句when whenever When I came into the room, he was writing a letter. 当我进屋时，他正在写信。 We shall go there whenever we are free. 我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 when指的是“某一具体的时间”。 whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时 间”。 when I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. 我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的 肩膀。 when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可 以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一 般位于句末。 while While it was raining, they went out. 天下雨的时候，他们出去了。 I stayed while he was away. 他不在的时候我在。 while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”， while引导的动作必须是持续性的。 as He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动 作同时发生。 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生，再做先生。 before译为在…之前 after He arrived after the game started. 比赛开始后，他到了。 till We waited till (until)he came back . 我们一直等到他回来。 如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式， 表示“直到…为止” 种从属连句例句说明
状语从句的九种常见类型 1，时间状语从句 a：引导词有：when ,while ,as ,till ,until ,after等 b：注意as，when，while的区别。 As强调时间上的“一先一后”，“同一时间”，或“随着”之义，例如：As the time went on ，the weather got worse。 when则强调某个特定的时间；例如：when he was eating his breakfast，he heard the door bell ring。 while表示的时间不是一点，而是一段时间内。例如：Strike while the iron is hot。 2，原因状语从句 a：引导词有because，since，as ，for the reason that，in that 等 b：其中because表示原因的语气最重。例如：Because they lived on the edge of the Persian Empire ,they were ruled by the king of the Persia . as和since所表示的原因则常常是人们知道的。例如：Since/as the weather is so bad ,we have to delay our journey 3，让步状语从句 a：引导词有although，though，even if，in spite of the fact .whereas，while ，for all 等b：even if 与even though的区别： even if 意为“即使”，表述的内容不一定为事实；even if he knows, he’ll not let out the secret.(即使他知道，也不会讲出这个秘密。表示不确定他知不知道) even though则表示“尽管”，尽管什么什么事实存在。例如：Even though he knows, he’ll not let out the secret.（尽管他知道这个秘密，也不会讲出来。表示确定他知道这件事）4，条件状语从句 a：引导词有if，unless，suppose ，in case，in the event b：真实条件句，表示现实的和可能成为现实的条件，用直陈语气。例如：If the weather is fine tomorrow ,we shall go to the country. 非真实条件句：表示非现实的和不可能成为现实的条件，常用虚拟语气。例如：If I were you ,I would leave now. 5，目的状语从句 a：引导词有so that，so, in order that ,in case ,lest等 b：lest 和in case 表示的目的是一种带有否定意义的目的，意为“以防”。 例如：He cut the remark out of the final programme lest it should offend the listeners. 6，结果状语从句 引导词：that ，so (that),with the result that ,such that等。 例如：She sat behind me so that I could not see the expression on her face. 7，比较状语从句 引导词有as…a s ,the same as ,such as, than等。 例如：Jake runs as fast as Mike does . 8，方式状语从句 引导词：as ，as if ,as though ,the way ,how 例如：She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 9，地点状语从句 引导词有：where ,wherever ,everywhere, anywhere , 例如：Put in articles where it is necessary in the following passages.