学位英语语法重点—时态
核心提示：我们需要特别注意以下几种情况和句型结构：1.一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。例如：1)Return the book immediately to the library as soon as you _____ it. A. finish B. are fin...
我们需要特别注意以下几种情况和句型结构：
1.一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。例如：
1)Return the book immediately to the library as soon as you _____ it.
A. finish
B. are finished
C. have finished
D. are finishing
答案A。
2)Please be sure to telephone me the next time you _____.
A. will come
B. would come
C. shall come
D. come
答案D。
2.在“This is the first time…”结构中，后面的从句用现在完成时。
句子开头也可以用it代替this
例：This is the first time that I have met Jane.
3.在“It/This is +形容词最高级+名词后面的从句中，用现在完成时。”
例：This is one of the best books _____ on the subject.
A. that have ever been written
B. which have ever been written
C. that has ever been written
D. whatever have been written
答案为A。
4.在“It is/has been＋时间段＋since…后边用过去时。”
例：It has been twenty years since I left my hometown.
5.在“no sooner…than”和“hardly…when…”结构中，主句部分用过去完成时，从句部分用过去时。例如：
1)I had no sooner returned than he called.
2)We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
6.在“It is (high) time后边的从句中用过去时。”
例：It is time that we had a rest.
7. 时态与时间状语：
学位英语语法重点—语态
核心提示：1. 语态是表示主语与谓语之间关系的一种形式。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。考查时态与语态的题通常结合在一起，尤其是被动语态，除了注意它的一般时态之外，还要注意它进行时态及完成时态的变化。如：He told me that a highway was being built here.他告诉...
1. 语态是表示主语与谓语之间关系的一种形式。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
考查时态与语态的题通常结合在一起，尤其是被动语态，除了注意它的一般时态之外，还要注意它进行时态及完成时态的变化。如：
He told me that a highway was being built here.
他告诉我这里正在建造一条高速公路。
2. 另外还需注意有些动词，其形式虽是主动，但具有被动的含义。
1）当感官动词作系动词时,例如：
Good medicine tastes bitter.
良药苦口。
This material feels very soft.
这种衣料摸起来非常柔软。
2）还有一些及物动词作不及物动词时，也可以表示被动含义，如：
This pen doesn’t write well.
这支笔不好使。
此类动词不多，常见的有cut, lock, open, peel, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write 等。
练习：
1. Last night, on his way home, he was ____________ on the head by something hard.
A. striked
B. stroke
C. struck
D. striken
2. “Did you say that our neighbor ________________ in the accident?”
A. badly hurt
B. was badly hurted
C. was badly hurt
D. had badly hurted
3. While I ____________ my spectacles, I _____________ a pen.
A. was looking for … found
B. was looking for … looked for
C. was finding … found
D. was finding … looked for
4. If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she __________.
A. does
B. has done
C. will do
D. would do
5. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television _______________ the newspaper completely.
A. replaced
B. have replaced
C. replace
D. will replace
6. She ought to stop work. She has a headache because she ______________ too long.
A. has been reading
B. had read
C. is reading
D. read
7. By the end of this month, we surely ____________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.
A. will have found
B. have found
C. will be finding
D. are finding
8. We ______________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A. just have had
B. had just had
C. just had
D. have just had
9. Our school ___________ for the summer at the end of June.
A. to be closed
B. closing
C. closes
D. to close
10. Send for a doctor quickly. The old man __________.
A. will die
B. is dying
C. dies
D. died
练习答案：
1-10 CCAAD AABCB
学位英语语法重点—情态动词
核心提示：1．情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起组成谓语。只有ought后面接to do。情态动词后接完成时的用法:情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、必须、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。2．must ＋现在完成时结构：这一结构表示对过去一个动作比较有把握的猜测。例：I believe he __...
1．情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起组成谓语。只有ought后面接to do。
情态动词后接完成时的用法:情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、必须、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。
2．must＋现在完成时结构：这一结构表示对过去一个动作比较有把握的猜测。
例：I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.
A. would have had
B. could have had
C. should have had
D. must have had
答案为D。
3．should (ought to )have done用来表示本来应该做却没有做的事情。
例：I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him earlier.
A. had a telephone
B. have phoned
C. should have phoned
D. should be phoned
答案是C。中文意思是“我很抱歉我没能在他走之前和他联系上，我本应早点儿给他打电话的。”
4．could＋现在完成时，表示本来能做的事情而没有做。
例：Mary _____ that coat, but she chose to lend the money to a needy neighbour.
A. could have bought
B. must have bought
C. can buy
D. could buy
答案为A。玛丽本来可以买那件大衣的，但是她把钱借给一个更急需的邻居了。
学位英语语法重点—虚拟语气
核心提示：虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。虚拟语气是英语语法的难点，考生必须熟练掌握。以下从五个方面介绍。1．虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用...
虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。虚拟语气是英语语法的难点，考生必须熟练掌握。以下从五个方面介绍。
1．虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would（或could, should, might）加原形动词。与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would（或could, should, might）+have done 结构。与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用should (或were to)加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。
1）If a better material _____, the strength of the part would have been increased.
A. had been used
B. had been using
C. being used
D. using
根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。
2）Had the weather been good, the children _____ out for a walk.
A. had gone
B. could have gone
C. would go
D. went
答案为B。与过去的事实相反。当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if可以省略，主谓倒装。
2．某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用，这些动词或名词包括：suggest(suggestion),propose(proposal),advise (advice),demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等表示建议、命令或要求的词。在这些从句中，谓语形式为should加动词原形，should可以省略。
例：The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort a nd carry out more important task.
A. would leave
B. leave
C. left
D. have left
答案为B。
3．在It is desired(或desirable), It is important等结构后面的主语从句中，动词用原形或should+原形动词。这些结构有：It is suggested, It is requested, It was ordered, It is necessary, It is essential. It is vital, It is urgent, It is impossible, It is preferable, It is advisable, It was proposed等。
例：It’s desired that she _____ to teach us at least twice a week,
A. comes
B. will come
C. come
D. may come
答案为C。
4．在would rather, as if/though以及wish后边that从句中虚拟语气的运用。
1）I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.
A. come
B. would come
C. came
D. have come
答案为C。would rather后面的从句中，动词形式用过去式。
2）He talks as if he _____ everything in the world.
A. knows
B. knew
C. had known
D. would have know
正确答案为B。在as if/though后边的方式状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时。本句表示对现在的情况有所怀疑。
3）You look as if you had seen a ghost.
此句中as if 后边是说话人想象中的过去的动作，所以用过去完成时。
4）I wish I knew his address.
在wish后边的从句中，如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式。这句话告诉我们说话人并不知道他的地址。
5）Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college.
A．could study B. studied
C. had studied
D. would study
答案为C。在wish后边的从句中，如果表示过去没有实现的愿望，动词用过去完成时。
5．在It is (high) time后边的that从句中，动词用过去式，表示该做某事了。例：Don’t y ou think it is time you _____ smoking?
A. give up
B. gave up
C. would give up
D. should give up
答案为B。
虚拟语气专项练习：
1. We desire that the tour leader ____________ us immediately of any change in plans.
A. inform
B. informs
C. informed
D. has informed
2. It was proposed that the matter ___________ discussed at the next meeting.
A. will be
B. was
C. could be
D. be
3. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ___________ on the way.
A. goes wrong
B. should go wrong
C. went wrong
D. would go wrong
4. It is essential that these application forms __________ back before the deadline.
A. must be sent
B. will be sent
C. are sent
D. be sent
5. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time ____________?
A. we are going home
B. we go home
C. we went home
D. we can go home
6. I’d rather you _____________ make any comment on the issue for the time being.
A. didn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. don’t
D. shouldn’t
7. That tree looked as if it ____________ for a long time.
A. hasn’t been watered
B. didn’t water
C. hadn’t been watered
D. wasn’t watered
8. She didn’t go to the party, but she does wish she _____________ there.
A. has been
B. had been
C. would have been
D. would be
9. ____________ the whole situation, I wouldn’t have said it.
A. If I should know
B. Had I known
C. If I knew
D. Were to know
10. The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ______________ here 30 minutes sooner.
A. could have been
B. would be
C. should be
D. had been
练习答案：
1-10 ADBDC ACBBA
学位英语语法重点—非谓语动词
核心提示：动词非谓语形式包括不定式，动名词和分词，它们在句子中不能充当谓语，可以分别充当主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。虽然非谓语形式不能充当谓语，但它们仍然保留了动词的某些特征，比如说它们可以有自己的宾语，补足语或状语以及自己的逻辑主语，能成为句子的独立成分。动词非谓语形式有一般时、进行时和完成时三种形式...
动词非谓语形式包括不定式，动名词和分词，它们在句子中不能充当谓语，可以分别充当主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。虽然非谓语形式不能充当谓语，但它们仍然保留了动词的某些特征，比如说它们可以有自己的宾语，补足语或状语以及自己的逻辑主语，能成为句子的独立成分。
动词非谓语形式有一般时、进行时和完成时三种形式以及相应的主动与被动形式。在解答有关动词非谓语形式的试题时，应特别注意以下几点：
1．英语中有些动词后跟不定式作宾语，有些动词后面则接动名词作宾语，还有一些动词的后边既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，有时意义不变，但有时却在意义上大不相同，所以必须牢记有关非谓语形式的基本知识。
1）We shall appreciate _____ from you soon.
A. being heard
B. hearing
C. to hear
D. having been heard
答案是B。appreciate 这个词后面只能接动名词，且应该是其一般式。
2）The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.
A. have told
B. be told
C. being told
D. having told
短语动词confess to中的to是介词，不是动词不定式符号，因此选项A和B可以排除。选项C是动名词的被动式，而动名词后边已经有了宾语a lie ,因此动名词不能是被动式，因此正确答案是D。用完成形式的动名词表示这个动作在主要动词之前已经发生。
3）We all feel sorry for _____ for so long after your arrival.
A. keep you waiting
B. having kept you waiting
C. waiting for you
D. keep you wait
答案为B。
2．非谓语动词作宾语补充语时，要弄清哪些动词后面可以跟不定式作宾补，哪些动词后面可以跟分词作宾补。
1）Mr. and Mrs. Smith didn’t expect the house _____ so well.
A. to be decorated
B. to decorate
C. be decorated
D. decorating
decorate是及物动词，因此可以排除B和D，C项缺了不定式的符号to，因此正确答案为A。
2）There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself _____.
A. hearing
B. being heard
C. to hear
D. heard
hear 在本句中是及物动词，据此可以排除A和C，B项选择形式不对，因此D是正确答案。
3）The manager has his employees _____ a business report every week.
A. to write
B. written
C. writing
D. write
答案为D。have和get后面接宾补时，要用过去分词或无to不定式。
4）we are going to have our office _____ to make room for a new engineer.
A. to rearrange
B. rearrange
C. rearranged
D. rearranging
答案为C。
3．非谓语动词作状语时，尤其是分词作状语时，要注意分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。
例：Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there.
A. he found a lot of people
B. a lot of people were
C. he found a lot of people’s
D. people were found
根据上面所述，可以首先排除B和D，C项中的people’s结构不对，正确答案只能是A。
4．掌握好非谓语动词形式时态和语态的正确使用。如果非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时，用一般式，如果非谓语动词表示的动作在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用完成式。非谓语动词的逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是接受者决定了应当用主动式还是被动式。
例：The famous novel is said _____ into Chinese.
A. to have translated
B. to be translate
C. to have been translated
D. to translate
答案为C。
非谓语动词练习：
1. It is no good ____________ to come now. He is busy.
A. if you ask him
B. to ask him
C. asking him
D. that you ask him
2. He was lucky to escape __________ to prison.
A. sending
B. being sent
C. to be sent
D. sent
3. The bedroom needs _____________.
A. clean
B. to clean
C. cleaned
D. cleaning
4. His parents ______________ last week, the child has no one to look after him.
A. having died
B. died
C. dead
D. having dead
5. ____________ a teacher in the university, it is necessary to have at least master’s degree.
A. Become
B. To become
C. One becomes
D. Becoming
6. There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _________ trouble.
A. making
B. to make
C. to have made
D. having made
7. I have heard both teachers and students ____________ well of him.
A. to speak
B. spoken
C. to have spoken
D. speak
8. Mrs. Brown is supposed ____________ for Italy last week.
A. to have been left
B. to be leaving
C. to leave
D. to have left
9. When _______________ the education systems of China and Britain, the professor gave no comment.
A. being asked to compare
B. asked him to compare
C. asking him to compare
D. asked to compare
10. You will see this product _________ wherever you go.
A. to be advertised
B. advertise
C. advertised
D. advertising
练习答案：
1-10 ABDAB BDDAC
学位英语语法重点—从句
核心提示：考试涉及到的从句主要有四种，分别是定语从句、状语从句（特别是让步状语从句），宾语从句和主语从句。下面分别给同学们提示一些需要注意的问题。1．定语从句定语从句又分限制性和非限制性定语从句。考生要特别注意非限制定语从句的用法。从形式上看，限制性定语从句由
who ,whom ,whose ,whi...
考试涉及到的从句主要有四种，分别是定语从句、状语从句（特别是让步状语从句），宾语从句和主语从句。下面分别给同学们提示一些需要注意的问题。
1．定语从句
定语从句又分限制性和非限制性定语从句。考生要特别注意非限制定语从句的用法。从形式上看，限制性定语从句由who ,whom ,whose ,which ,that 等关系代词或when ,why, where等关系副词引导，不用逗号把主句和从句分开。而非限制性定语从句中不会出现that，而且要用逗号把主句和从句分开。
1）An old friend from abroad, _____ I was expecting to stay with，telephoned me from the airport .
A. that
B. whom
C. who
D. Which
这是一个非限制性定语从句，正确答案是B，因为此处的whom 是stay with 的逻辑宾语。
2）The United States is composed of fifty states, two of _____ are separated from the others by land or water.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. those
正确答案为C。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词前面可能会有介词，在介词前面还可能有其它限定词，这就更复杂一些，需特别注意。
2．状语从句
状语从句有很多种，让步状语从句是个难点。让步状语从句主要由以下一些词或词组引导：though, although, even if, even though, whe ther…or…, no matter wh-(或how), whatever(whoever, whichever等)。
1）_____，you must show your ticket to go into the cinema.
A. No matter whomever you are
B. In whomever you are
C. Whoever you are
D. No matter who are you
四个选择项中，A中的Whomever多了ever，B项中in whomever部分格式不对，D项的语序不对，只有C 是正确的。
2）Young _____ he is, he knows what is a right thing to do.
A. that
B. as
C. although
D. however
正确答案是B。as也可以引导让步状语从句，但通常把被强调的形容词或副词等放在句首。
3．宾语从句
宾语从句比较简单，它在主从复合句中充当宾语成份，通常可以由that，if, whether及what引导。使用宾语从句时应注意的是，有时可以设it为形式宾语，真正宾语是后边的从句。
例：I always take it for granted that I am far more intelligent than he is.
句子的it指代的是后边that从句的内容。
4．主语从句
主语从句在主从复合句中充当主语，可以引导主语从句的词有what, that以及who, why, where, when等连接代词或连接副词。为避免头重脚轻，特别是在口语中，通常设it为形式主语，与下边这些结构连用。
It is a pity that …It is an honor that …
It is a shame that …It is a good thing that …
It is a fact that …It is a surprise that …
以及
It is strange that …It is surprising that …
It is true that …It is fortunate that …
It is necessary that …It is possible(impossible)that …
1）It is desirable that he _____.
A．gives up trying B. give up trying
C. would give up trying
D. is going to give up trying
答案B。本句也是一种虚拟语气句。
2）_____ I saw was two men crossing the street.
A. What
B. Whom
C. Who
D. That
答案为A。
从句专项练习：
1. ____________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What
B. That
C. Whoever
D. Whatever
2. He works too hard. That is __________ is wrong with him.
A. that which
B. that what
C. what
D. the thing what
3. He asked her ___________ she thought she could manage to come the Wednesday of the following week.
A. what
B. that
C. if
D. as
4. Jack could ask for leave on condition _____________ he was really ill.
A. for that
B. that
C. of which
D. in which
5. He spoke confidently, ___________ impressed me most.
A. so that
B. that
C. it
D. which
6. People are still talking about the historic event of years ago, ____________ man walked in space for the first time.
A. when
B. how
C. because
D. while
7. It wasn’t such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. what
8. __________ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.
A. That
B. Which
C. As
D. It
9. They decided to chase the cow away ___________ it did more damage.
A. unless
B. until
C. before
D. after
10. I’ll accept any job _________ I don’t have to ge t up early.
A. lest
B. as long as
C. in case
D. though
练习答案：
1-10 CCCBD ACCCB
学位英语语法重点—倒装句
核心提示：1. 否定词放置句首时, 助动词或be 动词要放置主语的前面进行倒装. 常用的否定词有：not, scarcely, barely, seldom, not until, little, (in)under no circumstance, by no means, no sooner…than)...
1. 否定词放置句首时, 助动词或be 动词要放置主语的前面进行倒装. 常用的否定词有：not, scarcely, barely, seldom, not until, little, (in)under no circumstance, by no means, no sooner…than)。
Not until I reminded him for the third time _____ working and looked up.
A. that he stopped
B. does he stopped
C. did he stop
D. that he stopped
答案为C。
2．Only＋adv. 句子要倒装。
1）Only under such a condition will he make steady progress.
只有在这样的条件下，他才会取得扎实的进步。
3. nor, neither, so 用于句首时, 句子要倒装。
So little _____ about stock exchange that the lecture was completely beyond me.
A. did I know
B. I had known
C. I knew
D. was I know
答案为A。
4. 虚拟条件句中省略if时要倒装。
_____ you were busy, I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions.
A. If I realized
B. Had I realized
C. Did I have realized that
D. As I realized
学位英语语法重点—强调句
核心提示：强调句句型我们这里主要讲陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 他是昨天碰见的李平。注意：1. 构成强调句的it本...
强调句句型
我们这里主要讲陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
他是昨天碰见的李平。
注意：
1. 构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was …，其余的时态用It is …。
2. not …until …句型的强调句
句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
3. 谓语动词的强调
1）It is/ was …that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2）注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
学位英语语法重点—主谓一致
核心提示：一致性是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、数、性等方面的相互一致关系。我们这里主要讲主语和谓语的一致。需要注意以下几点：1. 集合名词作主语时如表示整体概念，谓语动词须用单数；如表示成员，谓语动词须用复数。例如：The family were watching TV. 全家人在看电视。My fami...
一致性是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、数、性等方面的相互一致关系。我们这里主要讲主语和谓语的一致。
需要注意以下几点：
1. 集合名词作主语时
如表示整体概念，谓语动词须用单数；如表示成员，谓语动词须用复数。例如：
The family were watching TV. 全家人在看电视。
My family is a big one. 我家人口多。
常见的这类名词还有army, audience, class, club, crew, crowd, committee, company, couple, group, government, party, staff, school, team, union, public等。
有些集合名词（如people, police, youth 等）谓语动词须用复数。如：
The police were tracking the murderer. 警察正在追踪凶手。
2. 数词和表示时间、度、量、温度、钱额等名词作主语表示一定的量或总和时，谓语动词多半用单数形式。如：
Three hours is enough for us to perform this experiment.
我们做这个实验有三个小时就足够了。
That five thousand dollars is yours.
那五千美金是你的。
3. 在“one of + 复数名词+定语从句”的结构中，定语从句一般修饰复数名词，所以该从句的谓语动词要用复数。如：
This is one of the longest rivers that have ever been seen.
这是曾见过的最长的河流之一。
He is one of my friends who are lawyers.
我是我当律师的朋友中的一个。
4. 由合成代词some (any, no, every) + thing (body, one) 作主语，由代词each, every one, no one, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，以及由限定词either, neither, each, every, many a, more than one 等+名词作主语时，谓语动词均用单数形式。如：
Noboday knows how many stars there are in the sky.
谁都不知道天上有多少星星。
Neither answer is correct.
两个答案都不对。
5. 某些连词连接的名词或代词作主语：根据毗邻一致的原则，与邻近的主语一致。这类连词包括or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。如：
Neither I nor she was awarded the prize.
我和她都没有获奖。
在there be 存在句中，多数情况下也可根据毗邻一致的原则来决定谓语动词用单数还是复数。如：
There are three patients in the waiting room.
候诊室里有三个病人。
There is a doctor and two nurses in the clinic.
诊所里有一个医生和两个护士。
学位英语考试重点动词表汇总（一）accelerate (使)加快，(使)增速
accompany陪伴，陪同
accomplish达到(目的)，完成(任务)
accuse指责，指控
adjust校正，调整，(to)适应
adopt收养；采纳，采用
affect影响
alter改变
amaze惊奇，惊愕
amount (to)合计，共计
amuse逗乐；给...提供娱乐
analyze分析
annoy使恼怒；打扰
anticipate预料，期望
apply申请，请求；适用
appoint委派，任命
appreciate重视，赏识，欣赏；为...表示感谢
approach靠近，接近
approve赞成，同意；(of)赞成
approximate近似
arouse引起，唤起
arrange安排，准备，筹划
arrest逮捕
arrive到来，到达
assist协助，帮助
assume假定，假设
assure使确信，使放心astonish使惊讶
avoid避免，预防，避开
bet打赌
bloom开花
bore使厌烦
breed饲养
bubble冒泡，起泡
calculate计算
cast投，扔
challenge挑战
chase追捕，追求
chew咀嚼，咬
claim声称，断言
combine联合
commit犯错误
communicate交流，交际，通讯complain抱怨，诉苦compose组成；创作
conceal隐藏
concentrate集中
conclude推断出，推论出;结束
conduct进行；指挥
confirm证实，肯定
confuse困惑
congratulate祝贺
conquer征服
consent准许，同意
consist (of)组成，构成(in)存在construct建造
consult请教
consume花费
contribute (to)有助于；贡献，捐赠，投稿convert转变
convey表达,搬运
convince使信服，说服
cooperate (with)合作
cope (with)应付
correspond (with)相符合；(to)相当
crack破裂
crash碰撞，倒下，坠落
creat创造；引起
criticize批评
crush镇压
学位英语考试词汇语法选择练习题及答案 1._____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. A. If I realized B. Had I realized C. Did I have realized that D. As I realized 答案解析：B 【句意】如果知道你忙，我就不会问问题打扰你了。 【解析】此题为省略if的虚拟条件状语从句，其结构为had+主语+过去分词+句子其它，主句结构为：主语+ would had done. 2.Tom said that he wouldn’t mind _____. A. to wait for us B. waiting for us C. wait for us D. for waiting us 答案解析：B 【句意】汤姆说他不介意等我们。 【解析】mind，avoid，admit，enjoy，escape，finish，can’t help，postpone，practise，risk，suggest等动词后要求用动名词doing做宾语。 3.They do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theater, the
cinema or the opera, _____, perhaps, that show is disappointing. A. only to discover B. only discovering C. only so as to discover D. only for discovering Best Answer: A 详解：应选A项。only to do sth意为“结果只是……”，其逻辑主语是they. 4.For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child _____ psychologically really for the new idea. A. would be B. were C. be D. is Best Answer: C 详解：应选C项。require要求从句的谓语省略should +动词原形。 5.The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments. A. climate B. weather C. temperature D. state
考研英语十二大基础语法体系 对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。 一、英语动词的时态 （一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异： 英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。 动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。 （二）英语动词的形式： 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后， 或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数（现单三）的构成，见下表：
即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如：weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept 以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态：一般、进行、完成和完成进行。因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。 态（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）。 比如在“They are doing their exercises.”这个句子中，动词由原形do 变成are doing 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于正在进行的状态当中，所以叫现在进行时； 在“They have done their exercises.”这句中，动词由原形do 变成have done的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于完成的状态，所以叫现在完成时； 在“They always do their exercises.”中，动词用原形do 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并且是一般情况下永远如此，所以叫一般现在时。 在这三句话中，动词do 虽然用了不同的形态，其意义没有变化，而是事情发生的时间和状态变了。其余类推。 （三）时态详解 16个时态中，常用的有12个：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。其他时态很少单独使用。 下面把各种时态的构成和用法做一个全面的介绍。
电大学位英语复习资料 1.学位英语综合 (2) 2.电大学位英语单选题 (7) 3.电大学位英语完形填空 (10) 4.电大学位英语阅读理解 (13) 5.电大学位英语作文 (19)
1.学位英语综合 一、语音题 behind B. blind breach D. least bulletin C. bullet cookie C. wolf counter B. south creature D. belief essay C. away eyebrow A. town float D. bellows flood B. blood irregular B. mirror geography C. remark latent A. squirrel master B. tiresome mountain D. captain mud D. lung notice A. stomachs occasionally D. television opposite B. balloon owner C. narrow period B. perseverance pressure A. directly quiet D. society replied A. entered scatter C. gravity schoolyard A. coo shook D. wood singer B. tongue splendid C. wretched twinkle B. drink waist A. paint 二、单选题 ______ send your motorcycle to be repaired? You'd better not drive it any more. B. Why not ______ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question. B. Any ______ to the moon some day, I should see the surface of the moon with my own eyes. B. Were I to go ______ with the size of the whole earth , the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. When compared All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. D. that is needed Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_____ C. spoiled Christopher Columbus was believed ______ the American continent. C. to have discovered Depending on____, Mary led us through an unknown part of the forest. A. intuition Do you think she has any ____ to refuse John's invitation? A. reason Either you or I ___ wrong on this matter. C. am Excuse me, sir. I've lost my watch. Do you have ___ time? A. the He had difficulties making himself understood, but we didn't ____impatience. C. show any sign of He is one of the students who____ always on time. B. are He is the boy ___I think scored the winning points for the basketball team. D. who He just couldn't ___what in the world she had been talking about all the time. A. figure out He must have had an accident, or he ______ then. A. would have been here He used to have a ____of stamp-collection, but he has given it up. B. hobby His _____ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly. A. unreadable His parents _____, the orphan is now taken care of by her uncle. D. having died I swimming until Father returned . B. didn’t go I didn't ask him, but he ___ to help me with my homework. B. offered I know you're planning to travel this summer, but do you know_____? D. how much it will cost I'd like to ______the lessons once more before we take the exam tomorrow. B. go over In spite of your living so far away, we both hope very much _____. B. that you come It has been a long time _____I saw you last time. A. since It is because he is too young ____ he does not understand what has happened. A. that It was difficult to guess what her ______ to the news would be. B. reaction It was essential that the application forms _______ back before the deadline. C. be sent It wasn't such a good dinner ______ she had promised us. C. as Many new ______ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. A. opportunities Many people watch TV only to ___time. C. kill
一、句法分析 1、主语：是句子要说明的人或物,可以作主语的成分有名词，主语一般 在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ v 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.名词作主语 v 2) He reads newspapers everyday.代词作主语 v 3) Two and ten is twelve.数词作主语 v 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.动名词作主语 v 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.动词不定式作主语v 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.从句作主语 2、谓语: 说明主语的动作，状态或特征 v 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September. v 2) His father is an engineer. v 3) She seemed happy. v 4) Li Hua showed me his album. 3、宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物 v 1) Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus. v 2) The medicine is good for a cold. v 3) How many pieces do you want? v 4) My little sister always likes to ask questions. v 5) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? v 6) He asked me what I was going to do tonight 4、宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征。 v 1) The government appointed（任命）her chief delegate （首席 代表）to the conference. v 2) I don’t believe the stor y true. v 3) You should put your things in order（有序）. v 4) The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week. v 5) We saw the pupils playing basketball. 5、表语：位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。 v 1)Wang’s father is a doctor. v 2) He is always careless.
北京学位英语试题精讲：名词性从句 1._____ you don’t know the rule won’t be a sufficient excuse for your failure. A. It is B. That C. Because D. What 【答案】B此题考查的是that引导的主语从句。这句话的意思是：你不知道规则，这不是解释你失利的充分理由。其他选项都不能引导。 2.___ was unimportant. A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner 【答案】A。本句为主语从句，意思是“他是否喜欢我们的饭不重要。”只有A最符合题意。 3.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does 【答案】D。每天游泳对我们有好处。从句作主语谓语动词用单数。 4. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how 【答案】C。什么控制着二氧化碳的在大气中的进入和输出。 5. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C: 'Whatever D. Whichever 【答案】D。不论哪一队赢。 6. As soon as he comes back, I'll tell him when ________ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 【答案】A.他一回来我就告诉他你什么时候来看他。 7. John has a new car. I wonder__________ it. A. he got B. when did he get C. why he is getting D. when he got 【答案】D.约翰买了一辆新车，我想知道他什么时候买的。 8. We don’t know how ____in the park. A. the little boy got lost B. did the little boy get lost C. was the little boy lost D. tin- little boy lost 【答案】A.我们不知道这个小孩在公园里迷路了。 9. I can't remember __to come here and get my bad teeth fixed. A. I have how many times B. how many times have I C. how many times will I have D. how many times I have 【答案】D.我都记不清多少次来这里安牙了。 10. ——Is that your watch? ——No, I can't tell _____.
初中英语语法大全 最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/ee17816715.html, 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at nigh t I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
学位英语语法词汇 学位英语语法词汇测练（1） 例：The news coming from different parts of the world are often extremely discouraging A B C D these days. (2006.6) 例：The responsibility of the manager in such a large international enterprises is far greater A B C than his typist. D 例：It was during the 1966’s that the friendship between Edward and Jeremy reached their A B C highest point. D 例：The waste, according to the people there, has already found their way into the drinking A B C D water. (2004.3) wentong96.blog.163. 例：Those of us who work in chemical laboratories should have their lungs checked quite A B C D regularly. (2000.6) 【答案】C。句子的主语是The news，是不可数名词，因此谓语动词应当是is。 【答案】D。因为比较的对象是responsibility，因此选项D应当改为that of his typist，用that 来代替前面出现过的抽象名词responsibility。wentong96.blog.163. 【答案】C。本句的意思是“在1966年间Edward 和 Jeremy的友谊达到了顶点。”their应当改为 its，这里的its指代前面的两人的friendship，是一个抽象名词，为了与其保持数上的一致性，应当用its代替。 【答案】C。本句的意思是“那里的人们说，废品流到了饮用水里面。”their应当改为its，这里的its指代的是前面的the waste，是不可数名词，为了与其保持数的一致性，应当用its来代替。【答案】D。本句的意思是“那些在实验室工作的人应当定期对其肺部进行检查。”their应当改为our，这里的our指代前面的those of us，为了与其保持人称上的一致性，应当用our来代替。 学位英语语法词汇测练（2） 英语语法 2010-03-30 22:12:19 阅读229 评论1 字号：大中小 1. The teacher’s lecture on American history was three hours long, and Mary felt very _____. A. upset B. bored C. disturbed D. neglected 2. Her mind was so _____ by the disease that she could not remember what she had done. A. acted B. influenced C. effected D. affected 3. Every boy and girl _____ not to swim in the lake, for it is polluted. A. has been warned B. have been warned C. has warned D. have warned 4. She heard a terrible noise, _____ brought her heart into her mouth.
英语语法大全 对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。 一、英语动词的时态 （一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异： 英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book, books 仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。 动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。 （二）英语动词的形式： 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。
动词一般现在时第三人称单数（现单三）的构成，见下表： 与名词变复数形式相同，读音也相同。 动词过去式和过去分词，大多数是动词原形+ ed 构成，这是规则动词。规则动词的拼写和读音规则如下表：
学位英语知识点复习资料 人的天赋就像火花，它既可以熄灭，也可以燃烧起来。点燃它吧，让它燃烧成熊熊的大火。 学位英语知识点复习资料汇总1：重点短语语法 1.as far as=so far as 就……而言,至于 【例句】As far as I am concerned, Im not against your plan. 就我而言,我并不反对你的计划. 远到 【例句】He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening. 昨天傍晚,他一直散步到火车站. 【总结】表示直到……为止之意时,as far as既可用于肯定句,也可用于否定句;在表示直到……程度之意的借喻说法中,as far as和so far as都可使用,但前者不及后者用得普遍.在表示就……而论之意时,as far as和so far as可互换使用.在表示只要、尽……所能之意时,应用as far as,不用so far as. 2.as if 似乎、好像 【例句】She treats himas if he were a stranger. 她待他如陌生人. 【总结】(一)as if 从句的作用.在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句.如:She looks as if she were ten
years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁.引导方式状语从句.如:She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样. (二)as if 还可用于省略句中如果as if 引导的从句是主语+系动词结构,可省略主语和系动词,这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词.如:He acts as if (he was) a fool. 他做事像个傻子. (三)as if 从句的语气及时态as if 从句用陈述语气的情况.当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时.如:It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨.He talks as if he is drunk. 从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了.as if从句用虚拟语气的情况.当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时.从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下: a.如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时.如:ou look as if you didnt care. 你看上去好像并不在乎. b.从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用had+过去分词.如:He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的. c.从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形.如:He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么. 3.as long as=so long as
学位英语语法词汇考前复习题及答案 2017年学位英语语法词汇考前复习题及答案 1.Whenyou‘relearningtodrive， _____agoodteachermakesabigdifference. A.have B.having C.andhave D.andhaving 答案：B.having初学驾驶如有好的教师指导，差别很大。 2.Mr.Smithdislikes_____suchclothesbuthiswifelikes_____th em. A.towear，towear B.towear，wearing C.wearing， towearD.wearing，wear 答案：C.wearing，towear史密斯先生不喜欢穿这样的衣服，但他的妻子喜欢穿。 3.Theymustbeathome—there‘salight_____inthebedroom. A.toshine B.tobeshining C.shining D.havingshined 答案：C.shining他们一定在家里-卧室里有盏灯开着。 4.CertainlyIpostedyourletter—Iremember_____it. A.posting B.topost C.tobeposting D.haveposted 答案：A.posting我当然给你寄过信了-我记得寄过它。 5.Theymustbeathome—there‘salight_____inthebedroom. A.toshine B.tobeshining C.shining D.havingshined C.shining他们一定在家里-卧室里有盏灯开着。 6.Ifyourletterisoverweight，youmustpayforthe_____.
北京学位英语试题精讲：倒装 1. Not until I came to China ___ what kind of a country she is. A. I knew B. I didn’t know C. I did know D. did I know 【答案】D本题考查的是倒装强调句的用法。以not until开头的句子，结构为“助动词+主语+动词原形”。直到我来到中国才知道中国是一个什么样的国家。 2. No sooner ____ got to the station than it began to rain heavily. A. had I B. have I C. I had D. I have 【答案】A 本句考察no sooner…than…句型。no sooner 引导的句子要部分倒装；而no sooner 后接的事件比than后的事件要更早发生，属于过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。综上，选A 3. _____ the first to use nuclear weapons. A. At no time China will be B. Never China will be C. Will China never be D. At no time will China be 【答案】D考查倒装句的应用。以否定词开头的倒装句基本结构：否定词+情态动词/助动词+主语+表语/动宾结构。部分倒装仅仅将系动词、助动词或情态动词提前，而完全倒装则将谓语动词全部提前。 4. ____ the importance of wearing seat belts while driving. A. Little they realize B. They little do realize C. Little realize do they D. Little do they realize 【答案】D 本题考察的是倒装句式。含有否定意义的副词,如hardly, never, not, nor, neither, not only, little, seldom, scarcel, nowhere等位于句首时,句子用部分倒装的形式.提前助动词,情态动词,或be动词. 句意是“坐车时他们很少意识到系安全带的重要性.” 5. Not once ___ your sentence correctly. A. you have copied B. did you have copied C. have you copied D. have you been copied 【答案】C 表示否定的词语（如：not ,seldom, never等）放在句首时，句子采用倒装形式，故A项排除；copy的逻辑宾语时后面的sentence, 不是前面的句子主语you，故不用被动形式，D项排除，B项表达方式错误 6. Nowhere else in the world ___ more attractive scenery than is Switzerland. A. you can find B. is found C. can you find D. has been found 【答案】C。否定词nowhere放在句首，句子倒装：否定词＋助动词（be动词）+主语。常放在句首的否定词有：nowhere （没有地方），never（从不），hardly, scarcely（几乎不），little （几乎没有）等。Barely does he have enough money to live on.他几乎没有足够的钱为生。Little did I think that I would lose the game.我根本没有想到我会输掉这场比赛。 7. No sooner had they got the goods covered up ___ it started raining hard. A. when B. than C. then D. after 【答案】B。no sooner…..than…一…就…；hardly…when…一…;就…；scarcely…when…一…就…。No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。Scarcely had
英语语法大全之种时态 TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】
师大附小 英语语法大全小学教育 Jwwang 2017-8-16
目录 一、什么是时态？ (1) 1.1 时间的定义 (1) 1.2 状态的定义 (1) 二、动词的十二类时态 (2) 2.1 一般式 (2) 2.1.1 一般现在时（DO） (2) 2.1.2 一般过去时（DID） (2) 2.1.3 一般将来时（WILL DO） (2) 2.2 进行式 (3) 2.2.1 现在进行时（AM/IS/ARE DOING） (3) 2.2.2 过去进行时（WAS/WERE DOING） (3) 2.2.3 将来进行时（WILL BE DOING） (3) 2.3 完成式 (4) 2.3.1 现在完成时（HAVE/HAS DONE） (4) 2.3.2 过去完成时（HAD DONE） (4) 2.3.3 将来完成时（WILL HAVE DONE） (5) 2.4 完成进行式 (5) 2.4.1 现在完成进行时（HAVE/HAS BEEN DOING） (5) 2.4.2 过去完成进行时（HAD BEEN DOING） (6) 2.4.3 将来完成进行时（WILL HAVE BEEN DOING） (6) 2.5 过去将来时 (7) 2.5.1 一般过去将来时（WOULD DO） (8) 2.5.2 过去将来进行时（WOULD BE DOING） (8) 2.5.3 过去将来完成时（WOULD HAVE DONE） (8) 2.5.4 过去将来完成进行时（WOULD HAVE BEEN DOING） (8)
湖南成人教育学位英语【语法】重点详细解析（一） 时态语态情态动词虚拟语气非谓语动词 一、时态： 我们需要特别注意以下几种情况和句型结构： 1.一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。例如： 1)Return the book immediately to the library as soon as you _____ it. A. finish B. are finished C. have finished D. are finishing 答案A。 2)Please be sure to telephone me the next time you _____. A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come 答案D。 2.在“This is the first time…”结构中，后面的从句用现在完成时。 句子开头也可以用it代替this 例：This is the first time that I have met Jane. 3.在“It/This is +形容词最高级+名词后面的从句中，用现在完成时。” 例：This is one of the best books _____ on the subject. A. that have ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has ever been written D. whatever have been written 答案为A。 4.在“It is/has been＋时间段＋since…后边用过去时。” 例：It has been twenty years since I left my hometown. 5.在“no sooner…than”和“hardly…when…”结构中，主句部分用过去完成时，从句部分用过去时。例如： 1)I had no sooner returned than he called.