3月1日——3月5日
*ignite
1 [intransitive and transitive] formal to start burning, or to make something start burning:
? The petrol tank suddenly ignited.
? The candle ignited the plastic.
2 [transitive] to start a dangerous situation, angry argument etc:
? events which ignited the war in Europe
及物动词vt. &不及物动词vi.
1.点燃; 引发;（使）燃烧;着火
Petrol ignites very easily.
汽油很容易着火。
The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.
爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
He ignited the fireworks.
他点燃了烟花。
The rock and roll ignites the excitement of the audience.
摇滚乐激起了观众的热情。
*deploy
1PM [intransitive and transitive] to organize or move soldiers, military equipment etc so that they are in the right place and ready to be used
deploy forces/troops/weapons etc
? NATO's decision to deploy cruise missiles
2 [transitive] formal to use something for a particular purpose, especially ideas, arguments etc:
? a job in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed
—deployment noun [uncountable and countable]
及物动词vt.
1.(尤指军事行动)使展开; 施展; 部署
The commander deployed his men along the railway.
指挥官把兵力部署在铁路沿线上。
2.有效地利用；调动
*swathe
n.
1 a long thin area of something, especially land
swathe of
? The bomb had left a swathe of the town centre in ruins.
? A swathe of sunlight lay across the floor.
2 a long thin area of grass or plants that has been cut down:
? We cut a swathe through the dense undergrowth.
3 cut a swathe through something to destroy a large amount or part of something
[transitive usually in passive] literary
to wrap or cover something in something:
? women swathed in expensive furs
? The moon was swathed in mist.
及物动词vt.
1.用布裹, 缠
His head was swathed in bandages.
他的头用绷带缠着。
*UN Security Council联合国安理会
*defiance
[uncountable]
behaviour that shows you refuse to do what someone tells you to do, especially because you do not respect them ?defy
act/gesture of defiance
? Running away was an act of defiance against his parents.
in defiance (of something)
? Many people were drinking in the streets, in flagrant defiance of the ban.
? Her fists clenched in defiance.
名词n.
1.违抗, 反抗,拒绝服从挑衅的态度; 蔑视
She acted in defiance of my orders.
她违抗我的命令。
He slammed the door in a spirit of defiance.
他以挑衅性的态度把门砰地一下关上。
He climbed the ladder in defiance of the warning.
他无视警告爬上了那架梯子。
*relent
[intransitive] formal
to change your attitude and become less strict or cruel towards someone synonym give in:
? At last her father relented and came to visit her.
不及物动词vi.
1.怜悯;变温和;变宽厚
He was cross at first, but later he relented.
他起初很生气,后来变温和了。
At first she threatened to dismiss me, but later she relented.
起初她威胁要解雇我, 但后来她态度软化了。
*vow (to do sth.)
n.
[countable]
1RRC a serious promise ?oath:
? Jim made a vow that he would find his wife's killer.
keep/break a vow (=to do or not do what you promised)
2 a religious promise that you will do something for God, the church etc
vow of chastity/celibacy/silence etc (=a promise that you will not have sex, will remain poor etc)
? a priest who had taken a vow of celibacy
3vows [plural]
a) also marriage/wedding vows the promises you make during your wedding
make/take your vows
? The couple made their vows at St Paul's Church in Hayes.
b) the promises you make when you become a Catholic priest or nun
v.
[transitive]
1 to make a serious promise to yourself or someone else synonym promise
vow to do something
? Supporters have vowed to continue the protest until Adams is released.
vow (that)
? I vowed that I would never drink again.
2 formal to make a religious promise that you will do something for God, the church etc
名词n.
1.誓言
She took a vow never to lend money to anyone again.
她发誓绝不再借钱给别人。
2.郑重宣布;许愿
My parents are under a vow to go to church every Sunday.
我父母许愿,每星期日都去做礼拜。
及物动词vt. &不及物动词vi.
1.起誓, 发誓
I vowed to do more of the cooking myself.
我发誓自己要多动手做饭。
2.郑重宣告
She vowed that she would take the matter to court.
她郑重宣布要把这事诉诸法律。
*prosecutor (常见public prosecutor)
[countable]
SCL a lawyer who is trying to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime ??Topic Activator law and the legal system
名词n.
1.检举人;告发人;起诉人;公诉人;检察官;原告
检察官指控该罪犯叛国。
The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.
辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
2.原告律师；控方律师
*freeze assets
*depose
[transitive]
to remove a leader or ruler from a position of power
及物动词vt.
1.罢免
The head of state was deposed by the army.
国家元首被军队罢免了。
2.<律>(在法庭上)宣誓作证
*warship
[countable]
TTW a ship with guns that is used in a war ?battleship
名词n.
1.军舰, 战舰
The warship was making towards the pier.
军舰正驶向码头。
*en route
on the way
en route from/to
? a flight en route from Tokyo to Sydney
en route for British English
? We stayed there en route for London.
? Why don't we stop for lunch en route?
adv.
1.在途中
*provocation
[uncountable and countable]
an action or event that makes someone angry or upset, or is intended to do this ?provoke without provocation
? She claims that Graham attacked her without any provocation.
? He was accused of deliberate provocation.
名词n.
1.挑衅;激怒;刺激
Jack would not have hit the boy without provocation.
如果不是那个男孩挑衅, 杰克是不会打他的。
2.愤怒的原因;激怒人的事
Their insulting remarks were a provocation.
他们侮辱的话使人愤怒。
*militia
[countable]
PM a group of people trained as soldiers, who are not part of the permanent army:
? He joined the local militia as soon as he was 16.
? a militia leader
? a left-wing militia group
名词n.
1.民兵组织, 民兵
There’s a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.
街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。
*testify (for / against sb.)
past tense and past participle testified, present participle testifying, third person singular testifies
1 [intransitive and transitive]SCL to make a formal statement of what is true, especially in a court of law:
? Mr Molto has agreed to testify at the trial.
testify against
? Later, the witness who had testified against Muawad withdrew his allegation.
??Topic Activator law and the legal system
2 [intransitive and transitive] written to show clearly that something is the case
testify to
? The empty shops in the high street testify to the depth of the recession.
testify that
? The full ashtrays testify that smoking hasn't been stubbed out.
? Can you testify that you saw the defendant at the scene of the crime?
3 [intransitive] American EnglishRRC to stand up and tell people about how God has helped you in your life synonym witness
不及物动词vi.
1.（尤指出庭）作证; 证明
The fingerprint expert was asked to testify at the trial.
指纹专家应邀出庭作证。
及物动词vt.
1.证明; 证实
His look testified his guilt.
他的神态表明他有罪。
*exile (go into exile)
n.
1 [singular, uncountable] a situation in which you are forced to leave your country and live in another country, especially for political reasons
in exile
? a writer now living in exile
? He went into exile to escape political imprisonment.
force/drive somebody into exile
? The house was raided and the family was forced into exile.
? He spent many years in enforced exile.
voluntary/self-imposed exile
? She had been in voluntary exile since 1990.
2 [countable] someone who has been forced to live in exile:
? political exiles
?tax exile
v.
[transitive usually passive]
to force someone to leave their country, especially for political reasons
exile somebody to something
? Several of the leaders were arrested and exiled to France.
exile somebody from something
? a dictator who was exiled from his home country
? the exiled former president
及物动词vt.
1.流放, 放逐, 使流亡
The people of the country will exile the king to foreign country next month.
下个月, 这个国家的人民将把这个国王流放到国外去。
名词n.
1.流放, 放逐, 流亡
Napoleon was sent into exile on an island.
拿破仑被流放到一个岛上。
2.长期离家[出国]
After an exile of eight years her uncle returned to Cairo.
她叔叔背井离乡八年后返回开罗。
3.被流放者, 流亡国外者, 背井离乡者
There were many French exiles in England after the Revolution.
法国大革命后, 有许多法国人流亡到英国。
*converge
[intransitive]
1 to come from different directions and meet at the same point to become one thing opposite diverge:
? The two rivers converge into one near Pittsburgh.
2 if groups of people converge in a particular place, they come there from many different places and meet
converge on
? Reporters converged on the scene.
3 if different ideas or aims converge, they become the same opposite diverge:
? Cultural beliefs about the role of women converge with government policies.
—convergent adjective:
? The member states should start to have more convergent policies.
不及物动词vi.
1.(线条、运动的物体等)会于一点, 向一点会合
The roads converged at the stadium.
各条道路在体育场会聚。
2.(趋于)相似或相同
Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge.
我们原来相互对立的观点开始趋于一致。
3.人或车辆汇集；聚集；集中
*quorum
[singular]
SSO the smallest number of people who must be present at a meeting so that official decisions can be made:
? We need a quorum of 7.
名词n.
1.法定人数
a quorum for a meeting
开会的法定人数
*senator
[countable]
PGO a member of the Senate or a senate:
? Senator Kennedy
??Topic Activator government and politics
—senatorial /;sen?"té:ri?l
名词n.
1.参议员
He is one of the senators who signed last week's resolution.
他是签署上周决议的参议员之一。
*abscond
[intransitive] formal
1 to escape from a place where you are being kept
abscond from
? The boy absconded from a children's home.
2 to secretly leave somewhere, taking with you something that does not belong to you
? He has to convince a judge that he wasn't going to abscond with the money.
及物动词vt.
1.(尤指逃避逮捕)潜逃;逃跑
He absconded from the bank with all the money.
他带着所有的钱从银行逃走了。
She absconded from every children’s home they placed her in.
她被安置在哪家儿童收容所里，就从哪儿偷偷逃跑。
名词n.
1.潜逃;逃跑
名词n.
1.潜逃者;逃跑者
*deficit
[countable]
the difference between the amount of something that you have and the higher amount that you need ?shortfall:
? the country's widening budget deficit
? the US's foreign trade deficit
deficit of
? a deficit of ￡2.5 million
deficit in
? Many countries have a big deficit in food supply.
in deficit
? The US balance of payments was in deficit.
名词n.
1.不足额，缺款额，缺少
We raised ￡100, and we need ￡200; that's a deficit of ￡100.
我们筹措了100英镑, 而我们需要200英镑, 还缺100英镑。
2.赤字, 亏空, 亏损，逆差
The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.
董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
*the Justice Department (美国司法部)
*unconstitutional
not allowed by the constitution (=set of rules or principles by which a country or organization is governed):? claims that the President's action was unconstitutional
? These decrees were described as an unconstitutional suppression of human rights.—unconstitutionally adverb
形容词adj.
1.违反宪法的,不符合章程〔法规〕的
The prospect for passage of the bill was somewhat cloudy,in view of its evident unconstitutionality.
由于这个议案明显地违反了宪法,它能否得到通过的前景就有点不明显了。
*cruise
v.
1 [intransitive and transitive]TTWDLO to sail along slowly, especially for pleasure:
? We were cruising in the Caribbean all winter.
? an evening spent cruising the River Seine
2 [intransitive usually + adverb/preposition]TT to move at a steady speed in a car, aircraft etc:
? We were cruising along at 50 miles per hour.
? We fly at a cruising speed of 500 mph.
3 [intransitive and transitive]TTC to drive a car slowly through a place with no particular purpose:
? They cruised up and down the coast road.
4 [intransitive] informal to do something well or successfully, without too much effort
cruise to
? The horse cruised to a three-length win.
5 [intransitive and transitive] informal to go to a bar or other public place, looking for a sexual partner:
? We went cruising the singles bars.
n.
[countable]
1DLT a holiday on a large ship:
? a Mediterranean cruise
cruise around
? a cruise around the world
??Topic Activator holidays and tourism
2DLO a journey by boat for pleasure
不及物动词vi.
1.乘船巡游
They will go cruising in the Mediterranean.
他们将在地中海上巡游。
2.以快而平稳的速度长距离行驶
The car was cruising along at 100 kilometres an hour.
这辆汽车平稳地以每小时100公里的速度行驶。
名词n.
1.乘船游览
They went on a cruise to Tenerife.
他们乘船去特纳利夫岛。
及物动词vt. &不及物动词vi.
1.轻而易举赢得（或获得）；轻取
2.（在公共场所）寻觅性伙伴，猎艳
3.(汽车等或驾驶员)（尤指查看或寻找时）慢速行驶，巡行
*run-off
1 [countable]PPV a second competition or election that is arranged when there is no clear winner of the first one ?play-off , run off at run1
2 [uncountable] technicalSG rain or other liquid that flows off the land into rivers
1.(最后一次)决赛,决定性竞选,〈美〉流走之物
*ruling
[only before noun]
1PG the ruling group in a country or organization is the group that controls it:
? A ruling class clearly existed.
? the ruling body of American golf
2 a ruling interest or emotion interests someone more than anything else:
? Football remains the ruling passion of many men.
*embroil
[transitive]
to involve someone or something in a difficult situation
embroil somebody/something in something
? I became embroiled in an argument with the taxi driver.
及物动词vt.
1.使(自己或他人)卷入纠纷
John and Peter were quarrelling, but Mary refused to get embroiled.
约翰和彼得在争吵, 但玛丽不愿卷入。
*doctorate
[countable]
SEC a university degree of the highest level
doctorate in
? She received her doctorate in history in 1998.
??Topic Activator higher education
名词n.
1.博士学位
He hasn't enough credits to get his doctorate.
他的学分不够取得博士学位。
*relinquish
[transitive]
formal to let someone else have your position, power, or rights, especially unwillingly synonym give up: ? No one wants to relinquish power once they have it.
relinquish something to somebody
? Stultz relinquished control to his subordinate.
及物动词vt.
1.交出, 让给
She has relinquished the post to her cousin, Sir Edward.
她把职位让给了表弟爱德华爵士。
2.（尤指不情愿地）放弃
他们绝对不会自动放弃独立。
He was forced to relinquish control of the company.
他被迫放弃公司的掌控权。
He’s relinquished his claim to the throne.
他放弃了继承王位的要求。
*minimum wage (最低保障工资)
*allegation
[countable usually plural]
SC a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal, but that has not been proved allegations of corruption/fraud/misconduct etc
? Mr Singh has strongly denied the allegations of sexual harassment.
allegation that
? an allegation that senior government figures were involved
allegation against
? The teacher made serious allegations against a colleague.
allegation of
? A committee will investigate allegations of racial discrimination.
名词n.
1.陈述, 宣称, 辩解;陈词
I thought their allegations but reasonable.
我认为他们的断言毫无道理。
2.指控
*devastate
[transitive]
1 to make someone feel extremely shocked and sad:
? Rob was devastated by the news of her death.
2 to damage something very badly or completely:
? The city centre was devastated by the bomb.
—devastation /;dev?"ste?Dên/ noun [uncountable]
及物动词vt.
1.毁坏;使荒芜
A storm devastated the island.
一场暴风雨使这个岛遭到彻底破坏。
2.在感情上(精神上、财务上等)压垮
He was devastated by the rude remark.
他被粗鲁的言论搅昏了头。
I was devastated by the news of the crash.
我获悉失事的消息感到十分震惊。
3.使震惊；使极为忧伤；使极为悲痛
*aftershock
[countable]
1 a small earthquake that happens after a larger one
2 the effects of a shocking event:
? the war and its aftershocks
shock noun shocker noun
aftershock noun
shocked adjective shocking adjective
shock adjective shockproof adjective
shock verb
shockingly adverb
n.
1.余震
*drove
[countable]
1droves [plural] crowds of people
in droves
? Tourists come in droves to see the White House.
2 a group of animals that are being moved together drove of
? a drove of cattle
名词n.
1.（移动的）人群，畜群
They come in droves to see the natural wonder.
他们一群群地来参观这一天然奇迹。