高考常考动词时态语态考点透析知识清单
1.熟知九种基本时态的构成；
2. 九种基本时态的用法及重点；
3. 一般过去时态与现在时态用法上的侧重点；
4. 被动语态的基本形式；
5. 被动语态中特殊情况；
6. 与时态相关的固定句式结构。
学情分析
考生在动词时态和语态的学习过程中存在着以下几点问题：
1.考生对于时态的基本类型不能熟练掌握；
2. 不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式不清楚；
3. 句子中的主被动意识淡；
4. 被动语态的基本形式，不能准确使用被动语态；
5. 在使用时态时，全凭所谓的语感去判断，写出来的句子中时态混乱，没有时态观念，没有章法可言。
动词时态语态的基本结构及用法(以动词do为例)
一般时
进行时((be doing)
完成时(have done)
现在完成进行时
巧记·速记
进行时，be doing，动词前是助词“be”, “现在”要用“am/is/are”，“过去”要变“was/were”，“将来”则是“will/shall be”；动词后加“ing”，巧记结构做题易。
完成时，have done，动词前是助词“have”，“现在”要用“ha s/have”，“过去”勿忘变“had”；动词要用过去分词，这点千万别忘记。
现在完成进行时，“现在完成+进行”，一人身兼两人职。
考点一一般现在时态(do/does)
1表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。
As is known to us, the sun ____(rise) in the east and ___(set) in the west.
2表示习惯性、经常性的动作或经常存在的状态,时间状语有always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/year, on Sundays, once a week。
Some senior 3 students ___(got) up at 5：20 every day including Sunday. 3在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表将来。
If city noises _________(not, keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard.
4表示按时刻表、计划规定要发生的动作，常见的动词有：
come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。The plane _____(take) off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.
[典例1] [2015·四川成都一诊]It's probable that the rocket ________ (date) from about 2,000 years ago in China.
[典例2] [2015·北京东城区期
末]_____________________________________，we will carry out the plan next week. (完成句子)
除非你有不同意见，否则我们下周就执行该计划了。
考点二一般过去时态(did)
1表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用时间比较具体yesterday (morning), two years ago, last night/year, in 1990, in the past, the day before yesterday, the other day)或上下文语境有暗示，或由于地
点的转变而导致同一个动作用过去时态。
I ______(teach) English in Xi'an for half a year. I _____(feel) very tired. When I_____(get) home, I _____(go) straight to bed.
2描述过去时间中发生的一系列事件。
He _____(go) to the market, ______(bring) some eggs and __________(return) home.
3原来没有意料到，没有想到的事。
Excuse me. I ____________(not, realize) I was blocking your way.
4固定句式
(1)It's high time that sb. did sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。
It's high time we ____(do) something about environmental protection.
(2)would rather＋主＋did＋...表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况。
I would rather you _____(come) here tomorrow morning.
注意：一般过去时态中的动作在过去某时间已经停止，只是强调过去的动作或
状态，与现在没有任何关系。
[典例3] [2015·四川成都二诊]－Have you worked out the schedule for our graduation trip
－Yes. I ________ (work) on it for 3 hours.
[典例4] [2015·四川成都一诊]All football fans ________ (witness) the Germans' final victory in the 2014 World Cup this August.
考点三完成时态(have/has/had done)
1现在完成时
(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束，但对现在仍然有影响。现在完成时常与up to now, so far, recently, ever, never, already, yet, lately, in/during/over the past/last+时间段，since+时间点, for+时间段等表示时间的词,或since引导的状语从句(从句中使用一般过去时态)连用。
His first novel _____________(receive) good reviews since it came out last month.
(2)用于时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。
—When shall we restart our business
—Not until we ____________(finish) our plan.
(3)在“It (This) is(will b e)the first/second/third...time＋that从句”中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
This is the first time that we __________(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.
(4)在“It (This) is the best (worst，most＋adj.等)＋名词＋从句”中，从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
It is the most instructive lecture that I ________________(attend) since I came to this school.
2过去完成时
(1)某些动词用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法，意为“本来期望/认为/打算……”。这类动词主要有：expect, hope, plan, suppose, think, intend, mean, want等。
①I _____________(intend) to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
②I ________(mean) to help you, but I was too busy at the moment.
(2)过去完成时是一个相对的时态，考生做题时关键看该动作是否发生在题干中所给的过去的动作或过去的时间之前，如果是就用过去完成时。
①Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ___________(receive) from China.
②—What a mistake!
—Yes，I ____________(suggest) his doing it another way，but without success.
(3)by, by the end, by the time, until, before后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，主句用过去完成时。
By the time Jack returned home from England, his son
______________(graduate) from college.
(4)在hardly(scarcely)．..when...，no sooner...than...句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。意思为“一……就……”。
Hardly (No sooner) _____I _____(get) home when(than) the rain poured down.
(5)用在虚拟语气如if, wish, would rather与过去事实相反的从句中。
If he_______________(work) harder, he would have
3将来完成时
将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与“before＋将来时间”或“by＋将来时间”连用，也可与before或by the time 引导的现在时的从句连用。
On her next birthday，Ann __________________(marry) for twenty years. [典例5] [2015·浙江温州一模]I suddenly realized that I was kept so busy that I ________ (spend) little time with my family before.
[典例6] [2015·北京东城区一模]－Mum！Where is my packed lunch
－In the kitchen. I ___________ (make) you two sandwiches.
[典例7] [2015·重庆南开中学二模]Hurry up, or by the time we arrive at the cinema, the film ______________________ (begin)．
考点四进行时(be doing)
1现在进行时
高考题对现在进行时的考查往往是在具体的语境中进行的，不给出具体的时间
状语，要求考生能够通过语境判断出该动作正在进行。现在进行时常用来表示：(1)说话时正在发生着的一个动作,常与时间状语now, at present连用。
Hurry up! Mark and Carol ____________(wait) for us.
(2)现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时的一个动作。
①The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ____________(repair) one of the main pipes.
②Teenagers _____________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much.
(3)近期特定的安排或计划, 常用于位置移动的动词如：go, come, leave, start, begin, run, leave, stay, do, take等。
I've won a holiday for two days to Florida. I __________(take) my Mum. 2过去进行时
(1)过去某一时刻正在进行的动作常与at this time yesterday, at eight yesterday evening, all day yesterday连用或某动作在某一阶段内发生或频
繁发生。
①The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant
__________(give) in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
②－I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
－I'm so sorry. But I __________(do) my homework.
(2)某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。持续性动作用过去进行时，短暂性动作用一般过去时。
The reporter said that the UFO ___________(travel) east to west when he saw it.
3现在完成进行时
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且现在还在进行。
①Tom _______________(work) in the library every night over the last three months.
②I have to see the doctor because I ______________(cause) a lot lately.
(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，在说话时刚刚结束。
Where have you beenWe _______________(look) for you everywhere.
4将来进行时
将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow等。
①Daniel's family ______________(enjoy) their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
②—Guess what, we've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You _______(experience) a different culture then.
5固定句式
be doing...when...表示“当一件事情发生时，另外一件事情发生了”。
I ______________(wander) in the street when I came across a friend of mine.
类似结构用法还有：be about to do...when...表示“当一件事情马上要发生时，突然另外一件事情发生了”；had done...when...表示“一件事情刚刚发生，突然另外一件事情发生了”。
I _____ just ______(come) back when the doorbell rang again.
[典例8] [2015·重庆巴蜀中学期末]－Joe, what about going to Belgium for our coming holiday
－Sorry, honey, I ____________ (work) on the newly discovered dinosaur site in Argentina.
[典例9] [2015·重庆一诊]Leave me alone. I ________________ (write) an article all the afternoon and haven't finished yet.
[典例10] [2015·苏锡四市调研]－Hi, Peter. Why didn't you go to the cinema last night
－I __________________ (watch) the popular show Dad, where are we going 考点五将来时态
除了“will/shall＋动词原形”可以表示将来时，以下几种形式也可表示将来意义, 常与tomorrow, soon, next year, the day after tomorrow, in the future连用。
1. be going to do
be going to结构在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事、必然或很可能发生的事，也可用来表示自然现象。
①I___________________ some material about Picasso.我打算搜集一些有关毕加索的材料。
②It______________________ for surfing tomorrow.明天将会是冲浪的好天气。
2. 现在进行时
有这种用法的主要是一些表示位置转移的动词，如go, come, leave, start, begin, run, leave, stay, do, take等。这种将来意义往往指安排好要做的事情，很少变更。
①I_________(fly) to Beijing tomorrow.
②She________(leave) early tomorrow morning.
3. be to do
这种结构表示按计划中约定的或按职责、义务、要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。
①The engineer is ________(visit) our factory next week.
②The meeting is ________(take) place early tomorrow.
4. be about to do
这一结构用于表示客观上马上就要发生的事，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。
①Don't go out. We________________(have) dinner.
②The new school year ________________(begin).
注意：be going to与will都表将来，二者主要区别如下：
(1)will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的事，不含任何具体时间，可以指遥远的将来，而be going to指有迹象表明即将发生或肯定会发生的事。There____________(be) a quarrel between them, I think.
(2)be going to和will均可表示“意图”；但事先考虑过的意图用be going to，不是事先考虑的意图用will，即临时决定。
－Sorry, I forgot to buy the book you need.
－It doesn't matter I ________(go) myself.
[典例11] [2015·江苏四市一模]How long do you expect it ________ (be) before the African can keep the disease under control
[典例12] [2015·陕西五校一模]－The constant noise around here
________ (drive) me crazy!
－Calm down. It's no use complaining.
考点六动词语态
在英语中不强调动作发出者时，使用被动语态，在考查动词方面，也是重点考查内容之一，因此，考生碰到动词考查时，要先判断时态，然后要考虑语态，即：主语与该动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系。
1各种基本时态的被动语态构成
“be＋过去分词”为基本构成，只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态，除“be＋过去分词”外，还有get/become＋过去分词。如下表：
注意：英语中只有及物动词(短语)有被动语态，不及物动(短语)无被动语态。(1)Great changes __________(take) place in my hometown since the reform and opening.
改革开放以来，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
此处take place无被动语态。
(2)All the applicants _____________(interview) before a final decision is made by the authority.
所有的申请人在官方做最终决定前都要面试。
此处applicants与interview之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时态的被动语态。
2主动形式表被动
(1)“系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构。如：
①The steel_____(feel) cold.
②His plan _______(prove) (to be) practical.
(2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read, write, act, iron, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink
等。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语,且常与副词well, easily, smoothly等连用。如：
③This coat ____ easily. 这件外套容易干。
④Nylon ______(clean) easily. 尼龙容易洗干净。
⑤Food can _____(keep) fresh in a fridge. 食物在冰箱里能保鲜。
⑥Your essay ______(read) well. 你的文章读起来不错。
⑦This material _________(wear) thin. 这些材料已经磨薄了。
⑧The match ___________(not, catch). 这根火柴擦不着。
⑨The engine ___________(not, start). 这个引擎发动不起来。（3）“want, need, require, deserve，be worth + doing”表示被动意义。在这种情况下,句子的主语在逻辑上是doing的宾语。
Your hair needs _______(cut).你的头发需要剪了。
His shoes want ________(mend).他的鞋子需要修补。
（4）某些作表语的形容词，如：easy, hard, difficult, fit, heavy, nice, comfortable等后面，用不定式（to do）的主动表被动。
That question is easy to _______(answer).那个问题难以回答。
His clothes are difficult to ______(wash).他的衣服难洗。
(5)不及物动词或动词短语,如last, occur, happen, begin, end, stop, open, shut, close, break out, give out, run out, go out, belong to, take place 等不用于被动语态。
Gulf War _________(break out) on January 17, 1991.
1991年1月17日，海湾战争爆发。
(6) 表示状态或特征的及物动词, 如contain, hold, cost, fit, have, lack, resemble, suit等不用于被动语态。
My brain can’t _______(hold) so much information at one time.
我的大脑一下子不能容纳这么多信息。
(7)当谓语动词的宾语是反身代词、相互代词、动名词（短语）、不定式（短语）时无被动语态形式。
This girl can’t _______(dress) herself yet.
这个女孩还不能自己穿衣服。
Tom enjoys ________(listen)to rock music.
汤姆喜欢听摇滚乐。
(8)由“动词+介词/副词”构成的动词短语,这类动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh at him.(变被动句）
_______________________________________
Time _______________________.一定要充分利用时间。
He can’t be laughed at by us. →_________________________________ (9)由“get+及物动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态，叫get型被动语态,常与marry, break, hurt, wound, injure, dress 等动词的过分连用。
The patient __________(treat) once a week.那位病人一周治疗一次。Please hurry up and _____________(dress).请赶快穿好衣服。
☆被动语态中的过去分词是谓语动词，表示动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，表示状态。
I found the whole yard was covered with snow. ( )
The highway was covered by the snow and had to be closed. ( ) [典例13] [2015·福州毕业班质检]Highways across China _______________ (report) to be free of charge for 20 days during holidays in 2015.
[典例14] [2015·北京丰台区一模]－Can we sit at the table by the window －I'm sorry, but it _____________ (take) already.
[典例15] [2015·四川德阳二诊]—Excuse me, is the book Gone With the Wind by Margaret Mitchell available now
—Sorry, but it ______ (sell) so well that we don't have any in store. Practice
1. My mother _________(play) the piano every Sunday.
2. Our math teacher _______ (grade) our schoolwork now.
3. By the end of last year, we ________(produce)20,000 cars.
4. My brother __________(go) to London last summer.
5. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____________(leave) office soon.
the past ten years, China ____(witness) great changes.
7. A new teacher _____________ (come) tomorrow.
8. We _________(have) a math class at this time yesterday.
Practice
1. (2014·北京卷)—Hi, let's go skating.
—Sorry, I'm busy now. I __________(fill) in an application form for a new job.
2. (2015北京) In the last few years, China ___________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.
3. (2010全国I) —Have you finished reading Jane Eyre
—No, I _____________(do) my homework all day yesterday.
Practice
1. (2015全国卷Ⅰ)It was rai ning lightly when I_______ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours before, I __________ (be)at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.…
2. （2015四川卷）…In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, but I’m afraid
I ______ (lose) their friendship. What do you think I should do If you were me, woul d you talk to them …
3. (2014全国卷Ⅱ) …A boy on a bike caught my attention. He ______(ride) beside the bus and waving his arms.…
Error correction
1.（2015全国卷Ⅰ）When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think
I would be happy there. Now I was living in a city, but I miss my home in the countryside.…
2.（2015全国卷Ⅰ）…Lots of studies have shown that global warming already become a very serious problem.
3.（2015全国卷Ⅱ）…Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terribly worried. ” Tony promised her that this will never happen again.…
4.（2012全国新课标卷）…When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys for you.” …
高考英语语法知识点专题复习—时态及语态 时态及语态---基础篇 一．被动语态的时态： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词 3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词 4. 现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词 5. 现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词 6. 情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词 二．主动语态变被动语态的变法： 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done , 时不变，数格必须随被变。 备注： 1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。 2. 主动、被动的句式要一致。 3. 变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。 三．特殊情况的被动语态： 1. 带双宾语的被动语态： 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。 1). give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。 give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .
2). buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。 buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him. A book ____ ____ _____ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother . 2. 带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss. 3. 在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing不变。 I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now . 4. 以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。We should take care of the old . The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ . 四．注意事项： 1. 有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态： last, have, own …..belong to, suit…fine, 2. 不及物动词是没有被动语态： happen, take place, appear, hold (容纳)
动词时态语态 汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中常考的或较常用的有10种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时；主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时刻表）等。 He usua lly goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
高考常考动词时态语态 考点透析 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
高考常考动词时态语态考点透析 知识清单 1.熟知九种基本时态的构成； 2. 九种基本时态的用法及重点； 3. 一般过去时态与现在时态用法上的侧重点； 4. 被动语态的基本形式； 5. 被动语态中特殊情况； 6. 与时态相关的固定句式结构。 学情分析 考生在动词时态和语态的学习过程中存在着以下几点问题： 1.考生对于时态的基本类型不能熟练掌握； 2. 不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式不清楚； 3. 句子中的主被动意识淡； 4. 被动语态的基本形式，不能准确使用被动语态； 5. 在使用时态时，全凭所谓的语感去判断，写出来的句子中时态混乱，没有时态观念，没有章法可言。 动词时态语态的基本结构及用法(以动词do为例) 一般时 进行时((be doing)
完成时(have done) 现在完成进行时 巧记·速记 进行时，be doing，动词前是助词“be”, “现在”要用“am/is/are”，“过去”要变“was/were”，“将来”则是“will/shall be”；动词后加“ing”，巧记结构做题易。
完成时，have done，动词前是助词“have”，“现在”要用“ha s/have”，“过去”勿忘变“had”；动词要用过去分词，这点千万别忘记。 现在完成进行时，“现在完成+进行”，一人身兼两人职。 考点一一般现在时态(do/does) 1表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。 As is known to us, the sun ____(rise) in the east and ___(set) in the west. 2表示习惯性、经常性的动作或经常存在的状态,时间状语有always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/year, on Sundays, once a week。 Some senior 3 students ___(got) up at 5：20 every day including Sunday. 3在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表将来。 If city noises _________(not, keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard. 4表示按时刻表、计划规定要发生的动作，常见的动词有： come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。 The plane _____(take) off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday. [典例1][2015·四川成都一诊]It's probable that the rocket ________ (date) from about 2,000 years ago in China. [典例2][2015·北京东城区期末]_____________________________________，we will carry out the plan next week. (完成句子) 除非你有不同意见，否则我们下周就执行该计划了。 考点二一般过去时态(did) 1表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用时间比较具体yesterday (morning), two years ago, last night/year, in 1990, in the past, the day before yesterday, the other day)或上下文语境有暗示，或由于地点的转变而导致同一个动作用过去时态。
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
1.(2014·湖南“五市十校”高三联合检测)Anyone who knows about the world-famous scientist Stephen Hawking can see that, within his small and weak figure, he ________(carry) a big heart. 答案：carries 解析：考查时态。句意：任何一个了解世界著名的科学家史蒂芬·霍 金的人都知道在他弱小的身躯里藏着一颗博大的心。根据“Anyone who knows about the world-famous scientist Stephen Hawking can see that”可知，此句表示的是客观事实， 故应用一般现在时。 2. (2014·沈阳高三质量监测)I ________(dream) of becoming a professional photographer ever since I was ten. 答案：have been dreaming 解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的“ever since I was ten”可知此处表示“从十岁以来一直梦想做某事”，即从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现 在的动作，故用现在完成进行时。 3. (2014·成都高中毕业班诊断性检测)—Will you be available at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon? —No. I ________(attend) a lecture then. 答案：will be attending 解析：考查时态。句意：——明天下午三点你有空吗?——没有。那时我正听讲座呢。时间状语then指的是问句中提到的“at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon”，表示将来某一时刻正在做某事，所以用将来进行时。 4. (2014·陕西高三教学质量检测)—Why is the road so crowded? —The two new underground lines ________(build). 答案：are being built 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：——路上怎么这么拥挤?——两条新地铁线路正在修建中。语境叙述的是与现在相关的动作，地铁线路正在被修建，故用现在进行时的被动语态。 5. (2014·湖南“五市十校”高三联合检测)—Can he get the first prize for running in this sports meeting? —Impossible now. He ________(expect) to do so, but he has just hurt his leg.
2019年高考英语语法必考考点（7）：动词时态和语态含解析 李仕才 【考点解读】 一、动词的时态 1．一般现在时 (1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征。句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语。 Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. (2)表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象，无论在什么情况下都用一般现在时表示。 “Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“because every step shows.” —So what is the procedure? —All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority. (3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时代替将来时。 My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa. (4)表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作，但限于少数动词。如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。 The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday. 2．一般过去时 (1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。 I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from
时态语态考点及练习 考点 1一般时态★★★★★ 1.一般现在时 (1) 表示现在的习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如 usually, often, always, sometimes, every day 等。 (2) 表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。 (3) 表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于 go, come, leave, start, stop, arrive 等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 这列火车明早六点出发。 (4)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般( 现在 ) 时代替一般将来时。 2. 一般过去时 (1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用 yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day 等作时间状语。 (2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 He said he would not go if it rained. 他说过如果下雨,他不会去的。 【典题印证】 —Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and(stay)there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. 3.一般将来时 (1) 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 即单纯的将来事实。 (2) 三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构: ①be going to do sth. 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。 The dark clouds are gathering, so it is going to rain. 乌云密布 , 眼看就要下雨了。 ②be to do sth. 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事, 或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。We are to obey these rules when we go into the library. 进入图书馆时我们要遵守这些规定。 ③be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用, 但常与 when 引导的时间状语从句连用。 The train is about to leave. 火车即将开出。 【点津】 will do sth. 有时候强调“临时的、当即的决定” , 意为“要去做某事”。 ―Where is the telephone book? 电话簿呢? ―I ’ll go and get it for you. 我去给你拿。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2014 ·新课标全国卷Ⅱ )A boy on a bike ______ (catch)my attenti on. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 2.(2014 ·重庆高考 )You’d better write down her phone number before you ______ (forget)it. 3. (2013 ·广东高考 )Suddenly, he ______ (find)that he had run out of salt. 4. (2013 ·山东高考 )I didn ’t think I ’d like the mov ie, but actually it ____ (be)pretty good. 5. (2013 ·北京高考 ) — Do you think Mom and Dad ______(be)late?
v1.0 可编辑可修改 时态语态 （一）时态 一般现在时表示:1.现在的经常性、习惯性动作 eg: I read English every morning. 2.客观真理、普遍公立、科学事实eg: The sun rises in the east. 3.现有的兴趣、爱好或能力eg: He likes playing football. 4.现存的性质、特征或状态eg: The situation is encouraging. 5.介绍故事剧情、新闻标题eg: Workers face tough times abroad. 6.按时刻表或按规定计划、安排将要放生的动作（常见动词如：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close等）eg: The train leaves at 4:30 . 注意：here, there, now, then 等开头的倒装句要用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如： Look! Here comes the bus. 一般过去时表示:1.过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态eg: He often cried when he was a boy. 2.过去某时的状态或动作 eg: I went to the bank just now. 3.用于 I didn’t know…或 I forgot…，表示实现不知道或不记得，但现在已经知道或记得的事情。eg: I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book. 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作，也可以用“used to do…”和“ would do” 一般将来时表示：1.现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态eg: Tom will come next week. 2.事物的固有属性或必然趋势eg: Oil will float in water. Fish will die without water. 3.对将来某个动作的安排、计划eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening. 注意：将来时常见表达形式：will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do （此形式不能与时间状语连用） 现在进行时表示：1.此时此刻正在发生的动作eg: I’m studying English now. 2.现阶段正在发生的动作eg: We are building our socialism. 3.情况的暂时性eg: I don’t really work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives. 4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示参上或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something. 5.按计划、安排近期发生的动作（只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等动词）eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school. I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 注意：不宜用进行时的动作：感觉类： look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear 心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget 所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to 过去进行时表示：1.过去某一时刻或阶段发生的动作eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday. 2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示赞赏或亚无等感情色彩eg: Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself. 3.过去计划、安排好的将来动作（只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等动词）eg: He said he was leaving the next day. I was told the train was starting soon. 注意：过去进行时可用来描绘故事发生的背景，如：The wind was blowing and it was raining hard. 过去将来时表示：1.过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图、打算（主要用于宾语从句中）eg: She was sure she would succeed. I thought you would come. 注意：把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式 现在完成时表示：1.现在已完成或刚刚完成且对现在有影响的动作eg: I have finished my homework. 2.表示始于过去持续至今的动作或状态eg: He’s lived here since 2005. I’ve taught
专题七动词的时态和语态 2017年高考题 【2017·天津卷】8. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove 【2017·江苏卷】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _______. A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed 【2017·江苏卷】31.He’s been informed that he _______ for the scholarship because of his academic background. A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying 【2017·北京卷】33. People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result. A. will have B. have C. had D. had had 【2017·北京卷】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 【2017·北京卷】24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? —Ye s. They are happy with it. A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling 2016年高考题 1.【2016·北京】21. Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred. A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work 2.【2016·北京】2 3. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours. A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting 3.【2016·北京】25. I ________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read 4.【2016·北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 5.【2016·江苏】22.More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. A.are made B. will be made C. are being m ade D. have been made 6.【2016·江苏】29.Dashan, who_________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. A.will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning 7.【2016·天津】3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see 8.【2016·浙江】9. Silk ______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. A.had become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming 2015年高考题 1.【2015·北京】2 2.--Did you enjoy the party?--Yes,we___by our hosts. A.were treated B.would be treated. C.treated D.had treated 2.【2015·北京】26.in the last few years,China ___ great achievements in environmental protection. A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making 3.【2015·北京】27.—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house? —Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily? A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give 4.【2015·北京】30. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right. I____ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 5.【2015·重庆】1.—Is Peter coming?—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A.changes B. changed C. was changing D. had changed 6.【2015·重庆】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut.
高考常考动词时态语态考点透析 知识清单 1.熟知九种基本时态的构成； 2. 九种基本时态的用法及重点； 3. 一般过去时态与现在时态用法上的侧重点； 4. 被动语态的基本形式； 5. 被动语态中特殊情况； 6. 与时态相关的固定句式结构。学情分析 考生在动词时态和语态的学习过程中存在着以下几点问题： 1.考生对于时态的基本类型不能熟练掌握； 2. 不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式不清楚； 3. 句子中的主被动意识淡； 4. 被动语态的基本形式，不能准确使用被动语态； 5. 在使用时态时，全凭所谓的语感去判断，写出来的句子中时态混乱，没有时态观念，没有章法可言。 动词时态语态的基本结构及用法(以动词do为例) 一般时
进行时((be doing)
完成时(have done)
现在完成进行时 巧记·速记 进行时，be doing，动词前是助词“be”, “现在”要用“am/is/are”，“过去”要变“was/were”，“将来”则是“will/shall be”；动词后加“ing”，巧记结构做题易。 完成时，have done，动词前是助词“have”，“现在”要用“ha s/have”，“过去”勿忘变“had”；动词要用过去分词，这点千万别忘记。 现在完成进行时，“现在完成+进行”，一人身兼两人职。 考点一一般现在时态(do/does) 1表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象。 As is known to us, the sun ____(rise) in the east and ___(set) in the west. 2表示习惯性、经常性的动作或经常存在的状态,时间状语有always, often, usually,
动词的时态和语态 1.（2011?天津卷）On the next birthday.Ann __________married for twenty years. A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been 2.（2011?天津卷）In the last few years thousands of films________allover the word. A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 3.（2011?江西卷）We hrrived at word in the morning are _________ into the offtice during the night. A.broke B. had broken C.has broken D.was breaking 4.（2011?江西卷）We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put 5.（2011?北京卷）—That must have been a long trip. —Yeah, it ________us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 6.（2011?北京卷）Experiments of this kind _______in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 7.（2011?天津卷）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 8.（2011?北京卷）—Bob has gone to California. —Oh, can you tell me when he _________? A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave 9.（2011?四川卷）All visitors to this village _________ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 10.（2011?北京卷）Tom ________in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. have been working D. had been working 11.（2011?四川卷）—What a mistake!—Yes.I______his doing it another way, but without success. A.was suggesting B.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested 12.（2011?全国II）If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 13.（2011?陕西卷）.His first novel _______good reviews since it came out last month. A.receives B.is receviing C.will receive D.has received 14.（2011?北京卷）Maybe if I __________science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 15.（2011?辽宁卷）I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I_________. A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing 16.（2011?辽宁卷）By the time Jack r eturned home from England, his son. from college. A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been D. had graduated 17.（2011?湖南卷）----Joan, what______in your hand? -----Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma. A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold 18.（2011?江苏卷）------I hear you ____ in a pub .what’s it like? ------Well ,it’s very hard work and I’m always tired , but I don’t mind. A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working 19.（2011?江苏卷）-----Tommy is planning to buy a car. ----I know .By next month ,he__enough for a used one. A. saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved 20.（2011?全国新课标卷）23.Planning so far ahead _________ no sense-so many things will have changed by next year. A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made