虚拟语气详解（自用版） 虚拟语气是一项语法难点，为了让学员们便于理解与记忆，我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论： 1．名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形 2．条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句 3．其它情形中的虚拟语气（wish/would rather/It’s high time…/If only…/lest） 一．三种基本形态（1） 表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式 现在：did / were would (should, might, could)+do 过去：had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been) 将来：were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do 三种基本形态（2）（这是基础，建议牢记下面的例句，争取能脱口而出） 与现在事实相反：If I had enough money, I would buy a book. 与过去事实相反：If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book. 与将来事实相反：If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book. If I should have enough money, I would buy a book. 二、倒装虚拟句（只能与过去/将来事实相反，省去if，只有三种倒装形式） Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book. Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book. Should I have enough money, I would buy a book. 三、混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语） (对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟) If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now. (对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟) If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake. 四、含蓄虚拟句（在四级考试中目前还未出现此考点，但在阅读中常见） 3. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。在句型“It is important (necessar y, strange, natural等) that...” 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。 It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们现在有必要出去散散步。 What would I have done without you? But for their help, I would not have finished the task. But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead.
虚拟语气练习题 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already ____(have) a typewriter, I ____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break)down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he ____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
虚拟语气练习题 用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.” 17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time. 18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting. 19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand. 20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening. Part B. 1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help. 2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now. 3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight. 4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. 8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. 14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive). 15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. 17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
英语虚拟语气真题 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A．am; will take B．was; took C．were; will take D．were; would take 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：if虚拟语气中，对现在的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词均用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意：如果我再年轻十岁，我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D. 考点：if条件状语从句的虚拟语气 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，中考中有所涉及，但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 2．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。 考查虚拟语气。根据If I you，这是一个虚拟语气，此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设，即与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；该语法主要用于if条件状语从句，本句“如果我是你”，be动词用were，后面主句用过去将来时would＋动词原形，故答案选C。 3．She doesn’t stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she _______, she would remain slim and healthy. A．had done B．would do C．did D．should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：她没有坚持锻炼和均衡饮食。如果她这样做了，她将保持苗条和健康。 考查虚拟语气。had done过去完成时；would do过去将来时；did过去时；should应该；根据后文“would remain ”，所以是对现在的虚拟，此处应是did/be动词（were），故选C。 4．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.
虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况 1. 在建议、要求、命令、想法后的动词后的宾语从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, indicate, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest, urge. The doctor suggested that she (should) take good care of herself. 2. 在建议,要求,命令,想法后的名词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should可以省略. 如 advice, agreement, command, decision, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement etc. It was Bill’s suggestion that everyone (s hould) have a map. (主语3. 在It is/was +形容词后that引起的主语从句中用should的结构, should 可以省略。这类形容词常见的有: advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, impossible, improper, important, natural, necessary, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital; strange, surprising, unnatural，etc. It's natural that she (should) do so. It is important that we (should) learn English well. 4. 在It’s （about）/（high）time 后的that 从句中, 用过去式, 有时也可用should + do 的形式表示“该是做什么的时候” should不能
一、选择题 1．If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party. A．was；stay, go B．am；stay, go C．were；to stay, go D．were；stay, go 2．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 3．If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest. A．was B．were C．am D．are 4．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity. A．have B．had C．will have D．would have 5．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie. A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will 6．If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 7．I wish I ____fly to the moon one day A．can B．could C．am D．was 8．If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him. A．was, would B．was, could C．were, would D．were, could 9．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 10．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive. —If I you, I would give up wine. A．was; to drink B．am; drinking C．were; drink D．were; drinking 11．Sir, you should__________ at the red light．But you didn’t． A．stop B．have stopped C．not have stopped D．stopped 12．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 13．If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her. A．am B．are C．was D．were 14．—Would you like to join us? —I’d love to，but I’m so busy now．If I________time I________do it．A．has；will B．have；will C．have；should D．had；would
Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock. B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro. C. Walk straight ahead, and don’t turn till the second traffic lights. D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday. If it____ tomorrow, the match would be put off. A. was to rain B. were to rain C. was raining D. had rained My boss ordered that the legal documents ______ to him before lunch. A. be sent B. were sent C. were to be sent D.must be sent It's getting late. I'd rather you ______ now. A.left B.leave× C. are leaving D.will leave 答案：would rather后面的从句须用虚拟式，若指现在，用一般过去时，若指过去，用过去完成时。
精选练习 1．You didn’t let rne drive. If we_______in turn，you_______so tired． A. drove；didn’t get B. drove；wouldn’t get C．were driving；wouldn’t get D．had driven；wouldn’t have got 2．It’s high time we____________to the theater． A. will B. shall C. are going to D.went 3．It’s strange that they_______nothing about this matter． A. know B. would know C knows D．knew 4．He suggests we________to the cinema at once，otherwise we will be late． A. must go B. go C. will go D. would go 5．The general ordered that the thief__________． A. be punished B. would punish C. would be punished D. should punish 6．If only I___________how to operate a computer as yo do! A. had known B．would know C. should know D．knew 7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it______· A. breaks B. has broken C．were broken D．had been broken 8．The chairman requested that____________． A. the members studied the problem more carefully B．the problems were more carefully studied C．the problems could be studied with more care D．the members study the problem more carefully 9．If I_____you，I________more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was；shall pay B. am；will pay C. would be；would pay D．were; would pay 10．We cannot imagine what our world________like without electric power．
外研版英语虚拟语气易错题集锦-名师教育 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．—I don’t know what to wear at the party. — If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie. A．am B．is C．were D．was 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：if从句的虚拟语气，对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式，be动词都用were,故选C.句意：——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你，我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C 考点：if条件句的虚拟语气 点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况： 表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。 2．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。 1.57．---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research. A．got, were B．win, am C．won, am D．get, were 【答案】A 【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气，对于将来的假设，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时，且be动词为were，故选A 2.58．What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars? A．would, did B．will, do C．would, do D．will, did 【答案】C 【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查，根据句子的结构，选C 3．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。
人教版英语英语虚拟语气真题 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I ____you, I _____the army. A．am, would join B．were ,would join C．am, will join D．were ,will join 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“shou ld （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。 句意：如果我是你，我会加入军队。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现状相反的事实，故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity. A．have B．had C．will have D．would have 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么？-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有；had 过去式；will have 一般将来时；would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知，这里表示的是一个假设的问题，在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气，动词用过去式，故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 3．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。 1.57．---What would you do if you a million dollars? ---If I you, I’d give it to medical research.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析 一、选择题 1．I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A．handed; didn’t steal B．hand; hadn’t stolen C．hand; not steal D．handed; hadn’t stolen 2．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A．go B．had gone C．would go D．went 4．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 5．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 6．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would C．will be, could D．was, could 7．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum! A．shut B．have shut C．had shut D．would shut 8．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him. A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take 9．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead. A．were it not for B．if there being no C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for 10．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away. A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 11．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better. A．need have done B．must have done C．can have done D．might have done 12．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
虚拟语气 一、语气（Mood）的定义和种类 l、语气：是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类： （1）陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： We don’t have dinner in that restaurant. What an adorable baby it is! （2）祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the window, please. Take care of your suitcase. （3）虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：If I were you, I should study English well. May you succeed! 例如： If I were a boy even just for a day, I’d roll out of bed in the morning and throw on what I wanted. ——Beyince《If I were a boy》中文翻译只是需要表达意思，然而英文中，动词发生了变化，本来应该是am，现在为were，把时态往后面退了一步。I’d roll中，would roll，根据初中所学，if表示主将从现，would roll是will roll的时态的退后。可是为什么am的退后不是was而是were呢因为这是英语的习惯。 If he were (习惯)(is) telling the truth, he wouldn’t have told us. ——Pirates of the Caribbean Would have done 表示对过去的推测 If all the youths of America were as fortunate in securing an education as we have been, then the future of the United States would be more bright than it is today. ——DreamMakes Me Catch TheOpportunity [通过虚拟来突出重要性，例：如果没有电..]阅读中方便理解，写作中可以用此句型表示强调。 考法： 表示的是假的，如何时态退一步： 五大类： 一般现在时退为一般过去时，一般过去时退为过去完成时，现在进行时退为过去进行时 还有情态动词，如：must be 退为must have done 但我们还需记住一些标志词，如【表示假的】 If【最常见】as if/though【好像】wish、if only、would rather【宁愿、宁可】 例句：She is good at English, as if she were a American.[表示虚拟] should类的【傻的】 I drop caps. Insist desire/demand recommend/require order command advice p suggest 二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will climb the mountain. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去爬山。 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have told you about that. 如果他昨天见到你，他会告诉你那件事的。 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。列表如下：
英语总复习虚拟语气真题 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I you, I the job. A．am; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．are; will take 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现状相反的事实，故从句用过去时态，主句用过去将来时态。选C。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”： 2．She doesn’t stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she _______, she would remain slim and healthy. A．had done B．would do C．did D．should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：她没有坚持锻炼和均衡饮食。如果她这样做了，她将保持苗条和健康。 考查虚拟语气。had done过去完成时；would do过去将来时；did过去时；should应该；根据后文“would remain ”，所以是对现在的虚拟，此处应是did/be动词（were），故选C。 3．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident. A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused C．couldn’t have driven; should hav e caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
一、选择题 1．If it were Sunday today, I________ go to school. A．shan’t B．would not C．can’t D．won’t 2．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive. —If I you, I would give up wine. A．were; drinking B．am; drinking C．were; drink D．was;to drink 3．If I _______ you, I would _______ my homework myself. A．was; did B．am; do C．were; do D．is; did 4．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 5．If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 6．If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest. A．was B．were C．am D．are 7．If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A．am; will take B．was; took C．were; will take D．were; would take 8．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity. A．have B．had C．will have D．would have 9．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie. A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will 10．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 11．---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it? --- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet. A．am B．was C．will be D．were 12．If I _______ you, I _______ go there. A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will 13．--What would you do if you won a million yuan? -- __________. A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research 14．His teacher suggested ________ ________ to English songs every day. Now he's much better at singing. A．he listen B．he listens C．him listened D．him listens