非谓语动词之todo和ing的区别
to do和ing的区别非谓语动词
1，区别不定式当充当主语时指的是更具体的行为
ing代表抽象的或一般的动作(但在实际应用中通常是可互换的) 注:两者都可以用它作为形式主语。但是结构是不同的1)单词它是+噪音/没用/没用/浪费时间+做某事没有可能。没有人知道他为什么要这样做(不知道/没有坚持=不可能坚持…) 2)在山里开车很困难。
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。不定式和不定式的区别在于强调具体的动作和抽象的动作。宾语不定式同意拒绝接受。寻求计划准备假装学习意思是敢于安排需求发生意图
单词允许禁止或介词短语的宾语在系统中进行，坚持，继续，喜欢，梦想，开始，等等等等
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4，修饰语
不定式后置和修饰语之间存在动宾关系。如果有必要，介词
他是一个很好共事的人。它常常预示着未来的行动
来帮助我们的人是迈克。
第一，第二，最好。唯一的事情等等经常加上不定式作为定语他总是第一个回答问题。睡袋、饮用水、食用油、饮用水许可证等。
2)单个分词在前面，短语在前面。他是一个近年来越来越富有的商人。3)现在分词经常表示动作正在进行或即将进行。过去分词
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经常表示动作已经完成
这是迈克写的书吗？(5)作状语不定式
1)作目的状语=为了
2)作结果状语。事实上，很难找到摆脱这种局面的方法。此外，中国政府将继续加强与美国的合作，并将继续加强与美国的合作。应该等5)独立的结构说实话，是真的，是简单的，削减物质，使物质有价值，是简短的，准确的，包括，诚实的，开始，到
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总结，等等。他用复合句走下山坡。如果你想去医院，你必须去医院。我会做得更好。
5)结果状语从句相当于so引导的从句，这通常是逗号
8 he关灯的自然结果。我不确定我是否能做到这一点。我仍然认为她没有尽力。ing有一个独立的语法结构。当我半夜的时候，我很累。好像等等六个补语不定式
| (1991)经常以固定的方式使用。d等。
2)从动词“两听三造”中省略。对Ing字
表的被动是同步的，或者
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强制预期允许
非謂语动词（一） 一、Done 被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。 完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。 句法功能 表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished. The door remained locked. They seemed worried. 定语：划出下列句子的定语部分 The broken glass is still lying on the table. The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived. A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up. He sent them his newly-invented devices. She was reading a novel written by Dickens. The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter. The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well. 翻译： 他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。 宾补 1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。 We found him greatly changed. 2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。 He made himself understood in spoken English. 3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。 She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped. 翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了
非谓语动词之to do和ing的区别 一，作主语时的区别 不定式指较具体的行为 Ing表示抽象或者泛指的动作（但在实际应用常已经可以互换） 注意：两者都可以用it作形式主语，但结构不同 1）ing词it is + no using/no good/useless/ a waste of time + doing sth There is no + ing =it is impossible to do sth Eg.it’s no use waiting here. There is no telling why he did so.(there is no knowing/there is no persuading=it is impossible to persuade …) 2)to do 不定式 It is +adj(n)+(for sb)/(of sb) + to do sth
Eg. It is very difficult to drive in the mountains. It is a shame to say like that . 二，作表语时的区别 不定式强调一次具体动作 Ing强调抽象行为 三，作宾语 不定式agree decline 拒绝refuse offer promise choose decide determine attempt intend manage fail ask hope want tend expect desire wish seek plan prepare pretend learn mean dare arrange demand happen intend Ing 词admit stand appreciate avoid finish complete consider delay deny suggest enjoy escape forgive keep mind miss practise risk advise allow permit forbid 或者介词短语的宾语
谓语与非谓语 使用谓语的情况：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。在确定需要使用谓语动词时候，还需要注意谓语动词的时态，语态，主谓一致以及语气。 使用非谓语的情况：句子已有谓语，又不做并列谓语，该动词仍然需要表示动作，此时应该使用动词的非谓语形式。确定需要使用非谓语时首先要确定该非谓语在句子做何种成分， 非谓语做主语时候只能不定式或者ving形式， 非谓语做定语时：常用在名词或者代词后，其中不定式做定语有将来的意味，过去分词作定语表示该非谓语动词与前面被修饰的名词或者代词为动宾关系，并且此非谓语动词已经完成了。现在分词作定语表示该分词与前面被修饰的名词或者代词为主动关系，现在分词作定语表示主动和进行。 非谓语做宾语时，需要实记哪些动词后只能接不定式做宾语，哪些动词后只能接ving做宾语，哪些动词后2者都可接，但是意义不一样。 非谓语做状语时，不定式表示目的，可放在句子前面，也可放在句子后面，不需要与句子隔开。过去分词作状语表示该分词与句子主语为动宾关系，现在分词作状语时。表示该分词与句子主语为主动关系 1.The first card ____________(design) by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor. designed 2.Smaller cars are just one of the directions that the car industry is taking. Also the industry _____is producing_________(produce) cars that pollute less and have a less harmful effect on the environment these days 3.Nobody knows what ________would have happened_____________(happen) if she had refused to pay. 4.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children ___were playing_______(play) with joyous abandon. 5.……The happiest of people don’t necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that __comes_____(come) along their way. 6.…….The country life he was used to ________has changed____ （change ）greatly since the opening policy. 7.While most young people are happy overall with the way their lives_____are going__(go),there are still racial differences. 8.When I think back to many positive influence on my childhood, I recognize that some of the greatest gifts I __have received__ (receive) are the lessons I collected from the older people in my life. 9.An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it __helps_ (help) if drivers learn to correctly join in traffic jam. 10.But she knew most of them ____had drawn____ (draw) pictures of turkeys or tables with food 11.For some, practical skills are the essence of education, and therefore, courses on computer science, marketing and finance__is preferred____(prefer 12.It is impossible that he will never again in his life__be given__(give) so much without doing something in return 13.The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and______help_____ (help) people kick the habit, ____were signed______ (sign) on February 27 last summer. 14.14.He walked in as if he ___had bought_ (buy) the school. And he word quickly got around that he was from New York 16.___Taken_____(take) in time and in proper amount, the pill is quite effective. 15.We can cut down energy ____consumed_____ (consume) in the automobile industry by means of improving the technology. 16.I’ll have my laptop____repaired_______ (repair) tomorrow at the authorized service centre. 17.This topic is so complicated that I can’t make you _________understand__________(understand) me. 18.I have to simplify this complicated problem to make myself ______understood___________(understand) 19.She devoted herself to her work. What’s more, she_____improved________(improve)herself by_____attending______(attend) courses in an open university. Finally, her efforts_____paid off_______(pay off) and she got a better paying job. 20.The issue _____being discussed_______(discuss) now at the meeting is of great importance. 21.The issue ______discussed______(discuss) at the meeting last week is of great importance. 22.The office lady had her purse_____stolen_____(steal) when __taking_____(take) the subway back to her apartment. 23.______Faced___(face) with the traffic jams and serious pollution, we recently have a heated discussion in our class. 24.Missing the bus means_____waiting_______(wait) for another hour. 25.It is the greatest happiness in this world __to love_______(love )and to be____loved_____(love) 26.___Judging__________(judge) from his_____excited________(excite) face, he enjoyed himself at the party. 27.All of us were _____puzzled_____(puzzle) by the ____puzzling_______ (puzzle)question ______raised_____(raise) by a six-year-old boy. 28.Wise men say ___cultivating_______(cultivate) friendship is just like ____planting______(plant) trees. 29.After a rest, we went on ___doing____(do) the same problems. 30.I smell something_______burning___(burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? 二、语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。 Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_______（make）serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]________（base）in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________（search）for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠). He wanted to see if [4]________（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease [5]________（trouble）minds. In most cases he found the effects only
高考英语非谓语动词解析版汇编含解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1． ______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A．Working out B．Worked out C．To work out D．Work out 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell 教授 咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。 【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？ 1) 目的状语。To?only to 仅( 仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) 如此??a以s 便to ??() 如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。 2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的， 要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry ？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了房间什么也没找到。 3) 表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill 听说你父亲病了很难过。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。 【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014 年四川卷第7 题相似—Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website. 这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词 不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可 以轻松解题。 2．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _____ right from wrong. A．distinguished B．distinguishing C．to distinguish D．to be distinguished 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong 在这个句子中， deal with 的宾语是trouble ，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。 考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。 3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the library
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 主语/表语： 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？ 1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。 2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。 1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语： 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) , refuse等。 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing can’t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do（打算）/ doing（意味）be used to do / doing ( get used to doing)(used to do) 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动 定语： 不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。 分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。 不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Developing countries/ developed countries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, cause等。 Think, consider, believe, suppose, feel等后常用“to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People considered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。 ◆“吾看三室两厅一感觉”---5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）3使（make,
一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. （6）概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people． （7）动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 （1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) （2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) （3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 （1）不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 （2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。 （3）如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant． （2）动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。
非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1．一般式to do 例如：I like to read English. 2．进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3．完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4．被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 5．完成被动式to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty _to_ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的） It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语
谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 首先你要明白在一个英语的单句中只有一个谓语，那么你就要学会怎样划分英语句子中的结构。 先说下什么是单句，单句就是只有一个完整句子结构（句号才是整个句子结束的标志）的句子，没有连词和引导词（像and，what，where，这些的词都没有）。具体的单句结构（五个）就不用我说吧。 eg： ①I love my mother.就是一个单句。 ②English is my best subject which i like.这就是一个复合句（which引导的限制性定语从句），在主语中，english是主语，is是系动词，my best subject 是表语。在从句中（引导词后边的是从句），which作宾语指代subject（subject 是从句的先行词），I作主语，like在这里是行为动词（vt.）作谓语。 给你一个划分简单句结构的例子： eg：I like playing basketball. 这个句子中，I是主语，like是谓语，playing basketball是动名词做宾语，在宾语中playing是非谓语动词，因为我刚刚说过了，一个单句中只有一个谓语，所以like做了谓语，playing就一定是非谓语动词了。
现在和你说下最简单的分辨谓语和非谓语的方法：划分句子的结构。 每个句子首先找到主语，然后是谓语，谓语一般都会和主语靠近（有特殊的情况），那么除去谓语之外的其他动词，都是非谓语动词了。 谓语动词：有以下几种分类 ①行为动词：行为动词又可分为及物（vt.）与不及物（vi.） 那么vi.和vt.的区别可以通过造句的方式来确定。 及物动词：可直接接宾语。(如果不接宾语，那么句意会不完整） 不及物动词：不可以直接接宾语，需借用介词。 eg： I go to school by bus.（go不及物动词，但是和home连接时为go home）He drinks water.（drink是及物动词，中文翻译为他喝水，如果没有宾语water，就成了他喝，那他喝什么呢？句意就不完整了。） ②系动词：be动词（is，am，are，were，was）表主语状态，感官动词（hear，look，listen，tast，sound，appear，seem等），持续性动词（keep，stay，lie，remind等），变化动词（become，go，get，turn等）... ③情态动词：could，should，can，must，may等。
非谓语动词形式讲解附解析百度文库 一、非谓语动词 1．Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：鼓励年轻人努力工作，实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知their own dreams是workhard的目的，常用动词不定式来表示目的，故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法——作目的状语。 2．We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险，我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。结合句意，故选B 3．—You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom. Remember ____them on time. —I will. A. return B. returning C. to return 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—这些书你能借两周，汤姆，记住按时归还它们。—我会的。remember to do记住去做某事； remember doing记得做过某事。根据You can only keep the books for two weeks, 可知借了之后要记得去还，记得去做某事要用to do，故选C。 【点评】考查remember的用法。牢记remember to do和remember doing的不同。 4．—You'd better advise him ______ anything out of the window while driving. —I will. He has to know it's dangerous. A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你最好劝他开车时不要向车窗外乱扔东西。——我会的。他必须知道这很危险。advise，建议、劝告，固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.劝告某人不要做某事。故选C。 【点评】考查固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.。 5．As a volunteer，the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital them up．（）
非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式 不定式由“to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song． 注意：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go． 动词help之后，带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗？She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read． 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about．
不同非谓语动词的区别 一、名词与不定式 1、不定式的逻辑主语必须与主语一致，而动名词的逻辑主语范围较大，它可以指主语，也可以是泛指。 e.g. 1. I hate to work on weekends. 2. I hate working on weekends. 2、动名词多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常的行为，不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。 e.g. 1. Reading in bed is a pleasure. 2. I like swimming but I don’t like to swim in the pool today. 3、在某些动词之后只能用动名词，而另一些动词之后只能用不定式。 常接动名词的动词有：acknowledge, admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, defer, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep, like, love, mind, miss, postpone, practice, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, stop, suggest等
常接动词不定式的动词有：afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, claim, choose, dare, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, hesitate, hope, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, threaten, wish等 既可接动名词又可接动词不定式的动词有：attempt, begin, continue, deserve, dread, endure, fear, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, love, mean, need, neglect, omit, prefer, proceed, propose, regret, remember, start, try, want等，注意有意思上的区别。 二、现在分词与过去分词 1、在语态上现在分词表示主动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物的行为；过去分词则表示被动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物是动作的承受者。 e.g. an exciting story; excited people surprising news; a surprised man a delighting speech; the delighted audience 2、在时间上现在分词一般表示正在进行的动作；过去分词则往往表示已经完成的动作。 e.g. boiling water; boiled water falling snow; fallen snow