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【初中】初中英语语法感叹句

【初中】初中英语语法感叹句
【初中】初中英语语法感叹句

【关键字】初中

第篇感叹句

一、教学目标:

1.掌握感叹句的六种句式。

2.掌握如何将陈述句变为感叹句。

二、教学重难点:

1.How与what 引导感叹句的不同。

2.感叹句的省略。

三、主要知识点:

1.感叹句的定义

用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句(exclamatory sentence).感叹句句尾常用感叹号,亦可用句号,朗读时用降调,在口语中常用省略句,有时只用一个词或词组。如:Great ! How cold !

2.感叹句的六种句式

一般说来,感叹句是由what 或how 扫尾的,它有两个类型,六种句式。掌握了它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。

1.用what 引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时,what 为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组(即感叹部分是名词性短语)。

1). What +a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

e.g.: What a fine day it is!多么好的天气啊!(辅音音素前用a)

What an old building that is!那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊(元音音素前用an)2). What + 形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!

e.g.: What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊!

What beautiful flowers these are!这些是多么美丽的花啊!

3). What + 形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

e.g.: What thick ice we are having here!我们这儿的冰多厚啊!

What round bread it is!这是一块多么圆的面包啊!

2.用how 扫尾的感叹句也有三种句式,此时,how 是副词,用作状语,修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。

4). How +形容词+主语+谓语!(即谓语动词是连系动词)

e.g.: How hot it is today!今天天气多热啊!

How beautiful the flowers are!这些花多么美丽啊!

5). How +副词+主语+谓语!

e.g.: How hard he works!他工作多么努力啊!

How well she sings!她歌唱得多好啊!

6). How + 主语+谓语!(即谓语动词是行为动词)

e.g.: How she dances!她跳舞跳得多好啊!

★注意:what 和how 引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。

e.g.: How cold (it is )!What a good girl!What delicious fish!

(三)陈述句变感叹句全解

1.如何快速掌握感叹句?

学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键,陈述句变感叹句实际上,就是句子成分位置的移动。

e.g.: She is smiling sweetly. →How sweetly she is smiling! (移动状语)

2.哪些句子成分可能会移动位置?

通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置,一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。

位置可能会变动的句子成分:宾语、表语和状语。

e.g.: Mr. Turner told us a funny story. →What a funny story Mr. Turner told us!(移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语)

3.如何确定使用what还是使用how?

当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how,一般可以这样来确定:位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what,是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N e.g.: What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike 名词短语)

How fast he is riding!(fast 副词)

How cool a bike you are riding!(how + adj. + a/ an +N)

4.如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词?

名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词,以元音音素扫尾的词语之前用an,以辅音音素扫尾的词语之前用a。

e.g.: What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可数名词)

What a useful book this is!(useful 以辅音音素扫尾)

What an old house that is!(old 以元音音素扫尾)

5.感叹句的六种句式见“二”

6.以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换?

这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:

①含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。

e.g.: What an expensive glass he broke! →How expensive a glass he broke!

②名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/ an + adj. + N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。

e.g.: How beautiful the birds are! →what beautiful birds they are!

(说明:N代表名词,未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式,S代表主语,V代表动词)

7.在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略?

常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。

e.g.: What a naughty boy!(省略了he is)

8.陈述句变感叹句的歌诀

陈述句述事实,感叹句表感情。

陈述变成感叹句,主谓系表先分清。

宾语状语移句首,表语亦须打头阵。

名词之前用what,形副之前how先行。

复数名词无冠词,事先分析莫轻心。

如果名词不可数,摒弃a, an不留情。

冠词a, an要分明,清音辅音是标准。

句子结构要完整,标点符号亦变更。

总结规律进步快,编个歌诀给你听。

(四)其它句式变感叹句

有时陈述句、疑问句(句中常有so或much)以及祈使句也可直接转化为感叹句,不需要改变词的位置,只要改变原来的音调(即变为降调)。

e.g.: He’s such a nice boy! 多好的孩子!

How can you be so clever! 你怎么这么聪明!

Don’ go with us! 别和我们一起去!

Have you ever seen such a thing? 你曾见过这种事情吗?

四、主要方法:

感叹句的讲解首先要让学生能够划分句子成分,尤其是在讲解how与what引导感叹句的区别的时候。

五、典型例题

例1. _______ food you've cooked!

A. How a nice

B. What a nice

C. How nice

D. What nice

答案: D.

评析:由于How 修饰形容词,副词;what修饰名词,且food为不可数名词,因此A,B 排除,C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词,因此只有D正确,其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)

例2. ________terrible weather we've been having these days!

A. What

B. What a

C. How

D. How a

答案: A.

评析:weather为不可数名词,B,D排除, C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A,符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。

例3. --- _____ I had!

--- You really suffered a lot.

A. What a time

B. What time

C. How a time

D. how time

答案:A.

评析:感叹句分两类:

1:What + n.+主谓部分

2:How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种,但省略了bad,相对于What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。

六、练习

A 类:

一、选择题

1. _________ delicious the dish is!

A. What

B. How

C. What a

2. ________ strange clothes he is wearing!

A. What a

B. What

C. How a

3. ________ an interesting subject it is!

A. What

B. How

C. What an

4. ________ foggy it was yesterday!

A. What

B. What a

C. How

5. ________ careless a boy you are!

A. How

B. What a

C. What

6. ________ a nice watch it is!

A. How

B. What

C. What a

D. How a

7. ____ bright girls they are!

A. What

B. What a

C. How

D. How a

8. ____ interesting the film is!(1998湖北)

A. What

B. What an

C. How

D. How an

9.________ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.(1999江西)

A. How a

B. How

C. What a

D. What

10. ________ hard work it is!(1999浙江)

A. How

B. What

C. What a

D. What an

11. ________ day it is! It’s rainy again. (1999江西)

A. How bad

B. What a bad

C. How fine

D. What a fine

12. _________ great day July 1,1997 will be! (1999上海)

A. How a

B. What a

C. How

D. What

13. _________ expensive trousers!(1999浙江)

A. What

B. What a

C. How

D. What an

14. The sun is shining. fine day it is!

A. How

B. How a

C. What

D. What a

15. thick ice! Would you like to go skating?

A. What

B. How

C. What a

D. How a

16. cold it is today!

A. What

B. How

C. What a

D. How a

17. it’s blowing!

A. What strong

B. How strong

C. How strongly

D. What strongly

18. ___ they are playing in the playground!

A. How happily

B. How happy

C. What happy

D. What happy children

19. beautiful flowers! Where did you buy them?

A. How

B. What

C. What a

D. How a

20. honest Angela is!

A. How a

B. What an

C. What a

D. How

21. useful work she has done!

A. What

B. How

C. What a

D. How a

二. 把下列句子改为感叹句:用what与how填空

1. His handwriting is good. → _____________ good his handwriting is!

2. These photos are nice. →______________ nice these photos are!

3. Betty sings well. → ____ ____ well Betty sings!

4. They are working hard. →__________hard they are working!

5. Jenny was very disappointed when she saw this.

→______________disappointed Jenny was when she saw this.

6. It is a wonderful concert →____________a wonderful concert it is!

7. They looked worried. → __________ worried they looked!

8. The young man speaks English well. →____________well the young man speaks English!

9. They are beautiful flowers. →_____________ beautiful flowers they are!

10. It is a difficult problem. →____________a difficult problem it is !

11. Tom has strong arms. →___________ strong arms Tom has!

12. I missed my old friends very much. →______________ I missed my old friends!

13. The children like their teacher very much. →__________ the children like their teacher!

14. This kind of flower smells nice. → ________nice this kind of flower smells!

15. Time flies fast. →___________ fast time flies!

16. He works hard at his lessons. →___________ hard he works at his lessons!

17. The pyramids are made of huge stones. →_________huge stones the pyramids are made of! B类:

一、选择题

1. _______ girl she is!

A. What bright a

B. How a bright

C. How bright a

D. What bright

2. _______ weather we have today!

A. A fine

B. What a fine

C. How a fine

D. What fine

3. ________ careless he is!

A. What

B. How

C. So much

D. How much

4. ________ from Beijing to London!

A. How long way it is

B. What a long way is it

C. How long way is it

D. What a long way it is

5. Oh, John, _________ you gave us!

A. How a pleasant surprise

B. How pleasant surprise

C. What a pleasant surprise

D. What pleasant surprise

6. ___________ useful work they have done!

A. What

B. How

C. What a

D. What an

7. __________ nice picture you gave me!

A. How

B. What

C. What a

D. What an

8. exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam.

A. What an, a

B. what, a

C. How an, the

D. How; the

9. – An earthquake hit Indonesia yesterday.

-- terrible news!

A. How a

B. What a

C. How

D. What

10. –Dad, do you like my picture?

-- ! It’s the nicest one I’ve ever seen!

A. What a strong boy

B. How careful

C. How wonderful

D. What a brave boy

11. —Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist (相扑手).

—Wow, !

A. How a fat man

B. What a fat man

C. How fat man

D. What fat man

12. What it is!

A. nice day

B. nice weather

C. a nice weather

13. Mrs Smith is!

A. How kind woman

B. What a kind woman

C. What kind woman

D. How a kind woman

14. piece of important information we have got!

A. What a

B. What

C. What an

D. How

15. is running!

A. How fast a boy

B. How fast boy

C. What fast the boy

D. How fast the boy

二. 把下列的句子改为感叹句。

⒈ A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.

B: ______________________________________________

⒉ A: Mr. Wang is a busy man.

B: ______________________________________________

⒊ A: The cat is very happy.

B: ______________________________________________

⒋ A: The tractor is going very slowly.

B: _______________________________________________

⒌ A: He is very lucky.

B: _______________________________________________

⒍ A: It is a wet day today.

B: _______________________________________________

⒎ A: They started early.

B: _______________________________________________

⒏ A: They waited a long time.

B: _______________________________________________

⒐ A: He is wearing a large shirt.

B: ______________________________________________

⒑ A: The dolphin is playing happily.

B: ______________________________________________

11. It is quite a nice present.→_____________ ______________ nice present!

12. We have fine weather today.→ _____________ ____________ weather we have today!

13. It’s sunny today.→_______________ ______________ sunny day it is today!

14. The children are wor king hard.→______________ __________ the children are working!

15. She played basketball wonderfully.→______________ _________ she played basketball!

16. He is good at singing.→________________ ______________ he sings!

17. He was doing well in dancing.→__________ a ___________ dancer he was!

18. Tom coughs badly.→___________ __________ _____________ cough Tom has!

19. The fish is very lo vely.→___________ _____________ the fish is!

20. They live a happy life today.→____________ _____________ __________ life they live!

附:答案

A类:选择:

1—5:BBACA 6—10:BACCB 11—15:BBADA 16—21:BCABDA

把下列句子改为感叹句:

1. How.

2. How.

3. How

4. How

5. How

6. What

7. How

8. How

9. What 10. What 11. What 12. How 13. How 14. How 15. How 16. How 17. What

B类:选择:

1—5:CDBDC 6—10:ACBDC 11—15:BBBAD

把下列句子改为感叹句:

⒈ What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing!

⒉ What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is !

⒊ How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is!

⒋ How slowly the tractor is going!

⒌ How lucky he is!

⒍ What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today!

⒎ How early they started!

⒏ What a long time they waited!

⒐ What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing!

⒑ How happily the dolphin is playing!

11. What a 12. What fine 13. What a 14. How hard 15. How wonderfully

16. How well 17. What good 18. What a bad 19. How lovely 20. What a happy 注:参考书目:《培优新帮手-英语八年级》出版社:崇文书局主编:徐秀英

《跳出题海》出版社:西藏人民出版社主编:吕国生

《魔法英语》出版社:郑州大学出版社主编:邓世平

《初中英语语法300题》出版社:上海交通大学出版社主编:冯大雄

《薄冰英语语法》出版社:开明出版社主编:薄冰;何政安

《五年高考三年模拟英语高考》首都年师范大学主编:陈玲琴

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初中英语语法专项习题:倒装句和感叹句

初中英语语法专项习题:倒装句和感叹句 Ⅰ、倒装句。 1. —I'm going to visit the Lugou Bridge tomorrow. —______. A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go 2. Yao Ming works hard on his English and ______. A. so Liu Xiang does B. so is Liu Xiang C. so does Liu Xiang D. so Liu Xiang is 3. If you don’t go swimming tomorrow, _______. A. so I don’t go B. nor will I C. so do I D. neither do I 4. Lily hasn't finished her work yet. A. So has he. B. Neither has he. C. He has too. D. He hasn't too. 5. —She is very beautiful in her class. —______. A. So is she B. So she is C. Neither does she D. Nor is she 6. On the east of the river ______ three buildings. A. lies B. stands C. stand D. are standing 7. On every piece of the paper _____ pictures of some horses. A. is B. are C. has D. have 8. Only when you remember all the new words ______ study English well. A. can you B. you can C. did you D. you could 9. ______ that there were so many girls in this school before. A. Little I knew B. Little did I know C. Little I did I know D. Little had I known 10. Not until yesterday______ the truth about the accident. A. I knew B. I did know C. I had known D. did I know 11. Hardly ______ my homework when Jim came to visit him. A. have I finished B. had I finished C. I had finished D. I have finished Ⅱ、用What , What a , What an , How填空。 1. _____________ hot the weather is! 2. _____________ hard her father works! 3. _____________ long way it is from Guangdong to Paris! 4. _____________ fine day it was yesterday! 5. _____________ beautiful your voice is! 6. _____________ interesting picture-books! 7. _____________ lovely baby! 8. _____________ strong wind! 9. _____________ sad new he told us! 10. _____________ happy she was last weekend! 11. _____________ good weather! Why not go out for a walk? 12. _____________ nice the garden is! 13. _____________ difficult work he did! 14. _____________ broken the house looks! 15. _____________ happy life we have! 16. _____________ well my deskmate swims! 17. _____________ delicious mooncakes!

完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. :who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如): 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

(完整版)初中英语语法八大时态总结,推荐文档

初中英语语法八大时态 一.一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二.一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句

初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构

初中英语语法知识点总结-句子的基本结构

3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.(形容词) The boy in blue is Jim.(介词短语) I have nothing to do today.(动词不定式) 注意:1) 当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如: I tell him something interesting. 2) 不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。 例如:The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语:用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。 1、修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前; I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首。In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth. They are writing English in the classroom. 3、一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。 We often help him.

He is always late for class. 7、补语:补充说明宾语的情况。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。 He made me sad.(形容词) She asks me to take an umbrella.(不定式) The war made him a soldier.(名词) I find him at home.(介词短语) I saw a cat running along the wall.(分词) 8、同位语:同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. I myself will do the experiment. She is the oldest among them six. 一). 简单句五种基本句型: 句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型:1、基本句型的词序:

初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全 最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻!太平洋英语,免费体验全部外教一对一课程:https://www.doczj.com/doc/ed12665622.html, 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at nigh t I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

初中英语语法总结(完整)

英语时态讲解 【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式,动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了以下 英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种,但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态,必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语;表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。 We are having English class.

我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4.一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月,北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了(工作)。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作,或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如:by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底,他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。(注:四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式,如:直陈式,命令式等。

初中英语语法:感叹句

初中英语语法:感叹句 表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句分为两种,一种以what引导,一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号!。用降调。下面就是小编给大家带来的关于感叹句的语法,希望能帮助到大家! 英语语法大全之感叹句 What a clever boy he is! 多么聪明的小男孩啊! How clever the boy is! 这小男孩多聪明啊! 1What引导的感叹句 What a beautiful city it is! (这是个)多么美丽的城市啊! 句型:(1)what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! (2)what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2how引导的感叹句

How hot it is today!今天天气多么热啊! 1.句型:(1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How cold it is! How hard he works! (2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语) How he loves his son! (3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How tall a tree it is! 2.how修饰动词时,动词并不提前。 How I want to be a teacher! 我多想当个老师啊! 上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如: What a clever boy he is!How clever the boy is! What a cold day it is!How cold it is! 注意 what和how引导的两种感叹句,在口语中常用简略式,即省略后一部分(陈述句部分)如: How cold! 多冷啊! What heavy traffic! 交通多挤啊! 比较

初中英语语法大全(必备)

初中英语语法大全(必备)

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