一：学生易错词汇
1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）
二：形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：
I’m taller and heav ier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot –hotter
☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）
比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句
子 heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.
二、根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14.
I’m than you.
(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.
三、根据中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This
tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You
are than he.
(4) 谁比你
重?
than you？
四、根据答句写出问句
(1)
I’m 160 cm.
(2)
I’m 12 years old.
(4)
Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.
三：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有：
Ａ、规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）
④双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped
Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的
原形和过去式：sing –sang , eat –ate , see –saw , have –had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read –read ,fly –flew , am/is –was , are –were , say –said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew ,
come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank ,
hurt – hurt , feel – felt
四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：
①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
五：人称和数
人称代词物主代词
主格宾格
第一人称单数I（我）me my（我的）
复数we（我们）us our（我们的）
第二人称单数you（你） you your（你的）
复数you（你们）you your（你们的）
第三人称单数he（他） him his（他的）
she（她） her her（她的）
it（它） it its（它的）
复数they（他们/她们/它们）them their（他们的/她们的/它们的）
六：句型专项归类
1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I’m a
student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom.
He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.
There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.
I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，ar en’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。
如：Are you a st udent? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，
①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）
例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……？
How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……？
How many + 名词复数+ are there…?有多少……？
七：完全、缩略形式: I’m=I am he’s=he is she’s=she
is they’re=they are you’re=you are there’s=there
is they’re=they are can’t=can not don’t=do not doesn’t=does not isn’t=is not aren’t=are not let’s=let us
won’t=will not I’ll=I will wasn’t=was not
总结：通常情况下，'m即am，'s即is（但let’s=let us）， 're即are ，n't即not （但can’t=can not）
八：与字母相关的题型 ( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu ) 一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上
Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii
二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。
1.( ) Hh ( )
2.( ) Bb ( )
3.( ) Ll ( )
4.( ) Rr ( )
5.( ) Qq ( )
6.( ) Ww ( )
三.用小写字母抄写下列单词。
1.ROOM( )
2.UNDER( )
3.PLEASE( )
4.PICTURE( )
5.WHERE( )
6.TWINS( )
7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )
三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来
1. a c e
2. i e o
3. v u k
4. e u I
5. J B
I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E
四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母（大小写）。
1.bee ( )
2.sea ( )
3.tea ( )
4.are
( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )
九：小学英语词汇不完全归类表
1、学习用品(school things)：pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comic book漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener 卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典
2、人体（body）：foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth 嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail 尾巴
3、颜色（colours）：red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕
4、动物（animals）：cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse 马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda 熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark 鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸
5、人物（people）：friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate 同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长university student大学生pen pal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人
6、职业（jobs）：teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TV reporter电视台记者engineer 工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player棒球运动员assistant售货员
police警察
7、食品、饮料（food & drink）：rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk 牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包French fries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐
8、水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple苹果banana香蕉pear 梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green
beans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜
9、衣服（clothes）：jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt 短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap 便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布
10、交通工具(vehicles)：bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat 小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motor cycle摩托车
11、杂物（other things）： window窗户door门desk课桌chair 椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher’s desk讲台picture图画；照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trash bin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子end table 床头柜football/soccer足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV 电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot 锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件
traffic light交通灯money钱medicine药
12、地点（locations）：home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom 卫生间living room起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆post office邮局police office警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teacher’s office教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom 卫生间art room绘画教室computer room计算机教室music room音乐教室TV room电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂
fruit stand水果摊pet shop宠物商店nature park自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆the Great Wall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡bus stop公交车站
13、课程（classes）： sports体育运动science科学Moral Education 思想品德课Social Studies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课
14、国家、城市（countries & cities）： China/PRC中国America/USA 美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚New York纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo 开罗
15、气象（weather）： cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy 下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的
cloudy多云的weather report天气预报
16、景物（nature）： river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest 森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物
rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮
17、植物（plants）：flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout 苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子
18、星期（week）： Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末
19、月份（months）： Jan. (January)一月Feb.（February）二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月
Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月
Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月
20、季节（seasons）： spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter 冬
21、方位（directions）： south南north北east东west西left 左边right右边
22、患病（illness）： have a fever发烧hurt疼痛have a cold感冒have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼have a sore throat 喉咙疼
23、数词（numbers）： one一two二three三four四five五six 六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen 十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty 四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十forty-two四十二hundred百one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五
eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十
thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth 第五十六 X k b1. c o m
24、形容词(adj.)： big大的small小的long长的tall高的short 短的；矮的young年轻的old旧的；老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的
strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet 甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的
clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty 漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的
25、介词（prep.）： in在……里on在……上；在……时候under在……下面near在……的旁边behind在……后边next to与……相邻over在……上面in front of在……前面
代词（pron.）： I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they 他（她，它）们my我的our 我们的your你的；你们的his他的her 她的
26、动词（v.）：play（.ed）玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架
swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢
have(had)有；吃turn转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买；带live 居住teach（taught）教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做do homework做作业do housework做家务watch TV看电视read(read) books读书cook the meals做饭water the flowers浇花sweep(swept) the floor 扫地clean the bedroom打扫卧室make(made) the bed铺床set(set) the table摆饭桌wash the clothes洗衣服do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用计算机do morning exercises晨练；做广播操eat breakfast吃早饭eat dinner吃晚饭go to school上学have English class上英语课play sports进行体育运动get（got）up起床climb mountains爬山go shopping买东西play the piano弹钢琴visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母go hiking去远足fly kites放风筝make a snowman堆雪人plant trees种树draw(drew) pictures画画cook dinner做饭read a book看书answer the phone接电话listen to music听音乐clean the room打扫房间write(wrote) a letter写信write an e-mail写电子邮件drink(drank) water喝水take pictures照相watch insects观察昆虫pick up leaves采摘树叶do an experiment做实验catch butterflies捉蝴蝶count insects数昆虫collect insects收集昆虫collect leaves收集树叶write a report 写报告play chess下棋have a picnic举行野餐get to到达
ride(rode) a bike骑自行车play the violin拉小提琴make kites制作风筝collect stamps集邮meet(met)见面welcome欢迎thank谢
谢love爱work工作drink(drank)喝taste尝smell闻
feed(fed)喂养shear剪milk挤奶look看guess猜help帮助pass传递show展示use使用clean打扫open打开close关上
put放paint绘画tell(told)告诉kick踢bounce反弹ride(rode)骑stop(stopped)停wait等find(found)寻找到drive(drove)驾驶fold折send(sent)寄wash洗shine照耀become变成feel(felt)感觉到think(thought)思考meet(met)遇见fall(fell)落下
leave(left)离开wake(woke) up醒来put on穿上take off脱掉hang up挂起wear(wore)穿go home回家go to bed上床睡觉play computer games玩电脑游戏play chess下棋empty the trash倒垃圾put away the clothes收拾衣服get off下车take a trip去旅行read a magazine读杂志go to the cinema去看电影go straight向前直走十：小学三至六年级英语四会单词、句子汇总
四年级上册
Unit 4：
home room school classroom door chair bed desk window
Unit 5：
bread egg milk water rice beef chicken
fish
Unit 6：
sister brother father mother farmer driver nurse doctor
四年级下册
Unit 1：computer board fans light teacher’s desk picture floor wall
This is my computer. That is your computer.
Is this a teacher’s desk? Yes, it is.
Unit 2：
one two three four five six seven eight nine t en music math Chinese English P.E.
What time is it? It’s two o’clock.. It’s
9:45. It’s time for math class.
Unit 3：
red blue yellow green white skirt shirt jacket dress
Is this your T-shirt? No, it’s not.
What colour is it? It’s white.
Unit 4：
jeans pants socks shoes
sunny warm cold snowy
It’s warm today.Let’s play football.
It’s cool. Is it cold？
Unit 5：
big small long short nice
apple banana pear watermelon How much is it? It’s t en yuan.
How much are they? They’re three yuan.
Unit 6：
cat rabbit pig duck dog
eleven twelve fifteen thirteen twe nty
Are they ducks? No, they aren’t.
How many horses are there? Twelve.
五年级上册
Unit 1:
young funny tall strong kind old short thin smart active strict quiet
Who’s your English teacher? Mr Carter.
What’s he like?He’s tall and strong.
Is she quite? No, she isn’t. She’s very active.
Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.
Unit 2:
Monday (Mon.) Tuesday (Tue.) Wednesday (Wed.) Thursday (Thu.) Friday (Fri.) Saturday (Sat.) Sunday
(Sun.) day have do homework watch
TV read books
What day is it today? It’s Wednesday.
We have English, math and science on Thursdays.
What do you have on Thursday? What do you do on Saturdays?
I watch TV on Saturdays.
Unit 3:
eggplant fish green
beans tofu potato tomato lunch
tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourtie fruit grape
What do you have for lunch on Mondays?
We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.
What’s your favourite fruit? I like apples. They’re sweet.
I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes.They’re sour.
Unit 4:
cook the meals water the flowers sweep the
floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the
table wash the clothes
do the dishes use a computer
What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals.
I can water the flowers.
Can you make the bed? No, I can’t.
Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.
Unit 5:
curtain trash bin closet mirror end
table bedroom
kitchen bathroom living
room clothes in on
under near over behind
The trash bin is behind the door.
There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.
The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet. Unit 6:
mountain river flower grass lake forest path park
house bridge tree road building any
Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there
is.
Is there a river? No, there isn’t.
五年级下册
Unit 1:
do morning exercises eat breakfast have English
class play sports eat dinner get
up climb mountains go shopping
play the piano visit grandparents go hiking usually often
sometimes
When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 at noon.
What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping.
Sometimes I visit my grandparents.
What about you? I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking. Unit 2:
spring summer fall winter season which best swim
fly kites sleep skate make a snowman plant trees why
because
Which season do you like best? I like winter best.
Summer is good, but fall is my favourite season.
Why do you like summer? Because I can swim in the lake.
Why do you like winter? Because I can sleep a long time. Unit 3:
January (Jan.) February (Feb.) March (Mar.) April (Apr.)
May June July August
(Aug.) September (Sept.)
October (Oct.) November (Nov.) December (Dec.) birthday uncle her date
When is your birthday? It’s in May. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill’s birthday is in June, too.
Is her birthday in June? Yes. What’s the date? June 9th . Unit 4:
draw pictures cook dinner read a
book answer the phone
listen to music clean the room write a letter
write an
e-mail mom grandpa study
Hi, John. This is Zhang Peng.
What are you doing? I’m doing the dishes.