L3. Pub Talk and the King’s English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语)
Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利) Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation.
人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的sociable（主题句），也是人类特有的。而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂intricate，也是称不上交际的。
And it is an activity only of humans. (para1) 并且它是人类特有的一种活动。
And conversation is an activity which is found only among human being．
Sociable [?so???bl] adj.随和的，好交际的，友善的friendly or agreeable,eapecially in an easy,informal way(用书）
intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships 错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的
Indulge: 任凭自己沉溺于……；耽于to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like,eapecially sth that is considered bad for you ----indulge in sth, indulge yourself.
例：Women do not indulge in to the same extent as men.
deserve: 值得；应得
The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meander s or leap s and sparkle s or just glow s. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has “something to say.”Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalist s are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdote s, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready
to let it go.
2. 闲谈的引人入胜之处就在于它没有一个事先设定好的主题。它时而迂回meander前
进，时而奔腾leap起伏，时而火花四射sparkle，时而热情洋溢glow，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。感觉“有话想说”的人是一个“完美闲谈”的最大敌人。闲谈不是为了争论，尽管争论常常是闲聊的一部分，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲谈之中是不存在什么输赢胜负（convince说服）的。事实上，真正的闲聊高手往往是随时准备让步（lose 输掉）的。他们也许会偶然间觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事anecdote选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼in a flash大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之丧失，他们也就听之任之了。
meander: n. (比喻）proceed in an aimless way ; ramble漫谈，闲聊
例：The discussion meandered on for hours.讨论会漫无边际的进行了几个小时。make a point: explain fully what one is proposing. 表明一种看法，证明一个论点例：All fight，you’ve made your point；now keep quiet and let the others say what they think．好啦，你已经把话说清楚了；那就别说了，让别人谈谈看法。Conversationalist: n. 健谈的人
Sparkle: v. be full of life and wit活力和才智换发。She always sparkles at parties.在聚会上，他总是神采奕奕。
Glow: glow with pride/joy/pleasure.
Anecdote: [??n?kdo?t] n.奇闻轶事(关于真人真事的短小有趣的事）
in a flash: suddenly，very quickly瞬间，非常突然。Without any delay
例：Just wait here．I’v be back in a flash．就在这儿等我，我马上就回来。Conversation is not for making a point.(para2)交谈并不是为了表明一种看法。
Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view．（说服convincing, taking sb. over）
In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.(para2) 实际上，最好的交谈者，是那些准备输的人。
In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view．
meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly；ramble漫步；闲逛
conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses；esp．，one who enjoys and is skilled at conversation 交谈者；(尤指)健谈者
anecdote (n.) : a short，entertaining account of some happening，usually personal or biographical轶事，逸事
Perhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar
conversation has a charm of its own. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives. They are companions, not intimate s. The fact that their marriages may be on the rock s,or that their love affair s have broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. They are like the musketeer s of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other’s lives or the recess es of their thoughts and feelings.
3. 或许是从小混迹于(upbringing n. 培养，养育)英国小酒吧的缘故吧，我觉得酒馆里的闲聊是别有韵味的。酒馆里的朋友们对彼此的生活毫不了解（involve in 使牵扯到），他们只是临时的伙伴，相互之间并无深交（intimate密友，知己）。这些人之中，也许有人的婚姻面临破裂（on the rock婚姻的破坏），有人恋爱受挫，有人碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿（go out of bad on the wrong side），但这些都无关紧要。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手（musketeer火枪手）一样，虽然朝夕相处，却从来不过问（delve 发掘）彼此的私事（recess 私事），也不去打探别人内心的秘密。
4. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other's lives. (para3)酒吧友人没有深层次地涉及彼此的生活。
People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives．（close friends密友）
intimate (n.) : a close friend or companion密友，知己
on the rocks :in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe(婚姻)破坏的，失败的
例：Tim’s marriage is on the rocks．提姆的婚姻亮起了红灯。
delve (v.) : investigate for information；search发掘；调查(研究)
recess (n.) : a secluded，withdrawn，or inner place幽深处
get out the bed on the wrong side: to be cross or grouchy早晨起来便心情不好
Love affair: n a romantic sexual relationship,usually between two people who are not married to each other.
It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to
thoughts of Jupiter, without any focus and with no need for one, that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. I do not remember what made one of our companions say it – she clearly had not come into the bar to say it, it was not something that was pressing on her mind – but her remark fell quite naturally into the talk.
有一天晚上的情形正是如此。当时人们正在漫无边际地东拉西扯，从最普通的家常琐事聊得有关木星的科学趣闻。完全没有一个特定的主题。可突然间中心话题奇迹般地出现了，大伙的话题都集中到了一处。我不记得其中一个伙伴的那句话是什么情况下说出来的–不过，显然她并没有特意地准备什么，那也算不上是什么非说不可的要紧话–那只不过是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。
desultorily (adv.) : aimlessly；at random随意地；无目的地
alchemy (n.) : an early form of chemistry，whose chief aims were to change baser metals into gold：a method or power of transmutation; esp. the seemingly miraculous change of a thing into something better炼金术；变化物质的方法或魔力
“Someone told me the other day that the phrase, ‘the King’s English,’was a term of criticism, that it means language which one should not properly use”
“就在前几天，有人告诉我说‘标准英语’这个词是带贬义色彩的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。”
The glow of the conversation burst into flame s. There were affirmations and protests and denials, and of course the promise, made in all such conversation, that we would look it up on the morning. That would settle it; but conversation does not need to be settled; it could still go ignorantly on.
此语一出，谈话氛围立即热烈起来burst into flames。有人表示赞成affirmation，也有人怒斥protest，还有人则不以为然denial。最后，当然少不了像处理所有这种场合下的意见分歧一样，大家约好次日一早去查证一下。问题就这样解决settle了。不过，闲聊并不需要解决什么问题，大家仍旧可以糊里糊涂地继续闲扯下去。
It could still go ignorantly on(para6)大伙仍旧可以糊里糊涂地扯下去。
The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.
burst into: 突然进入（某种状态）
flame: n.火焰
affirmation: n.肯定，确认
protest:n. 反对，抗议
denials: 否定，拒绝接受
It was an Australian who had given her such a definition of “the king’s English,”which produced some rather tart remarks about what one could expect from the descendants of convicts. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. Of course, there would be resistance to the King’s English in such a society. There is always resistance in the lower classes to any attempt by an upper class to lay down rules for “English as it should be spoken.”
7. 告诉她“标准英语”应做这种解释的原来是个澳大利亚人。知道这个后，有些人便说起刻薄话来了，说什么囚犯的后代这样说倒也不足为奇。就这样，不到5分钟，大家便扯到了澳大利亚。在那个地方，“标准英语”自然是不受欢迎的。因为下层人民总是会抵制上流社会给“规范英语”制定的条条框框。
tart(adj.) : sharp in taste；sour；acid辛辣的；尖酸的；刻薄的
lay down : to assert or declare; 声明，颁布例：He had already clearly lain down his view in his opening speech.
例：The regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment．法令规定了一套严格的安检程序。
Look at the language barrier between the Saxon churl s and their Norman conquerors. The conversation had swung from Australian convict s of the 19th century to the English peasant s of the 12th century. Who was right, who was wrong, did not matter. The conversation was on wings.
想想撒克逊农民(churl) 与征服他们的诺曼统治者之间的语言隔阂barrier吧。于是闲聊的主题又从19世纪的澳大利亚囚犯(convict) 转移到【swung（使）摇摆】了12世纪的应该农民(peasant) 身上。谁对谁错，并没有关系。闲聊依旧热火朝天地进行着。
barrie r: n. 屏障；妨碍roadblock
churl (n.) : a farm laborer；peasant农民；庄稼人，乡下人
Conqueror: n. 征服者，占领者
Swung: v. (使)摇摆
convict (n.) : a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court罪犯
Peasant: n.农夫
on wings : in flight；continually moving about像飞一样地，飘飘然
例：The birds are on wings in the sky．鸟儿在空中展翅高飞。
She went home on wings.她高高兴兴地回家。
Someone took one of the best –known of examples, which is still always worth the reconsidering. When we talk of meat on our tables we use French words; when we speak of the animals from which the meat comes we use Anglo – Saxon words. It is a pig in its sty; it is pork (porc) on the table.They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf).Chickens become poultry(poulet), and a calf becomes veal (veau ). Even if our menus were not written in French out of snobbery, the English we used in them would still be Norman English. What all this tells us is of a deep class rift in the culture of English after the Norman Conquest.
有人举了一个众所周知但仍值得深思的例子。在谈到饭桌上的肉食时我们用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜是则用盎格鲁-撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork（来自法语pore）；地里放养的牛叫cattle，而桌上吃的牛肉则叫beef（来自法语boeuf）；小鸡叫chicken，用作肉食则变成poultry（来自法语poulet）；calf（小牛）加工成肉则变成veal（来自法语vcau）。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了被诺曼人征服之后的英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。
rift (n.) : an open break in a previously friendly relationship分裂；失和
Sty: sties [C]a place where pigs are kept=pigsty
Poultry :n. hens,ducks,geese,turkeys,etc. Kept for eating or for their eggs;domestic fowls 家禽Veal: flesh of a calf used as meat（使用的）小牛肉
6. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf). (para9)
地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef。
These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat．We call their meat beef．
The Saxon peasant s who tilled the land and reared the animals could not afford the meat, which went to Norman tables. The peasants were allowed to eat the rabbits that scamper ed over their field and, since that meat was cheap, the Norman lords of course turned up their noses at it. So rabbit is still rabbit on our tables, and not changed into some rendering of lapin.
撒克逊农民peasant种地养殖rear牲畜，自己出产的肉自己却吃不上，全部送到了诺曼人的餐桌上。农民们只能吃在地里乱窜scamper的兔子。因为兔子的肉便宜，诺曼贵族自然不屑turn up one’s noses at去吃它。因此，活兔子和兔子肉共用rabbit这个词表示，而没有换成由法语lapin转化（rendering翻译）而来的某个词。
scamper (v.) : run or go hurriedly or quickly (儿童及某些小动物)奔跑，蹦蹦跳跳
例：The rabbit scampered away in fright.兔子惊慌地抛了
rendering (n.) : a translation翻译
turn up one’s nose at : to sneer at，scorn嘲笑，轻蔑
例：The children turned up their noses at my home cooking．孩子们嘲笑我的厨艺。
As we listen today to the arguments about bilingual education, we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. There must have been a great deal of cultural humiliation felt by the English when they revolted under Saxon leaders like Hereward the Wake. “The king’s English”-if the term had existed then-had become French. And here in America now, 900 years
later, we are still the heir s to it.
如今，当我们听着有关双语bilingual教育问题的争论时，我们应该设身处地into the shoes of替当时的撒克逊农民想一想，新的统治阶级ruling用法语来对抗撒克逊农民自己的语言，从而在农民周围筑起一道文化壁垒。当英国人在像觉醒者赫里沃德这样的撒克逊领袖领导下起来造反时，他们一定深深地感受到了文化上的屈辱humiliation。“标准英语”-如果那时候有这个名词的话-已经变成法语了。而九百年后我们在美国这个地方仍然继承了这种影响。bilingual (adj.) : of，in or using two languages(用)两种语言的
in the shoes of : in another’s position站在别人的立场上，设身处地
例：I’m glad I’m not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off．我庆幸不用像他那样去偿还所有的债务。
Heir :n. (to sth) 继承人
7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. (para11) 新的统治阶级
用法语来对抗其他语言，这样就建立起了对抗这些农民的文化壁垒。
The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb合并the culture of the rulers．
So the next morning, the conversation over, one looked it up. The phrase came into use some time in the 16th century. “Queen’s English” is found in Nashe’s “Strange News of the Intercept ing of Certain Letters” in 1593, and in 1602, Dekker wrote of someone, “thou clipst the King’s English.” Is the phrase in Shakespeare That would be the confirmation that it was in general use. He uses it once, when Mistress Quickly in “The Merry Wives of Windsor”says of her master coming home in a rage, “…here will be an old abusing of God’s patience and the King’s English,”and it rings true.
那晚闲聊过后的第二天一大早便有人去查阅了资料。这个名词在16世纪已有人使用过了。纳什作于1593年的《截获intercept信函奇闻》中就有过“标准英语”（Queen’s English）的提法。1602年德克写到某人时有句话说：“你thou把‘标准英语’（King’s English）简化了”。莎士比亚作品中是否也出现过这一提法呢如出现过，那就证明这个词在当时既已通用。他用过一次，在《温莎的风流娘们》中，女仆Quickly在讲到她家老爷回来后将会有的盛怒情形时说，“……少不了一通臭骂，骂得昏天暗地，“标准英语”不知要给他糟蹋成个
什么样子啦。”后来的事实果然被她说中了。
intercept (v.) : seize or stop on the way，before arrival at the intended place拦截；截断；截击。例：Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave by the rear entrance.他想从后门溜走，记者把他截住了。
abuse (v.) : use wrongly；use insulting，coarse or bad language；scold harshly滥用；辱骂，口出恶言
Thou:人称代词。汝，你。
One could have expected that it would be about then that the phrase would be coin ed. After five centuries of growth, of tussling with the French of the Normans and the Angevin s and the Plantagenets and at last absorbing it, the conquered in the end conquering the conqueror, English had come royally into its own.
我们有理由认为这个词就是那个时候产生（coin杜撰）的。经过前后五百年的发展和与诺曼人、安茹王朝(Angevin)及金雀花王朝(Plantagenets)的法语的竞争，英语最终同化absorbing 了法语。被统治者成了统治着，英语取得了国语的地位come into its own。
coin (v.) : make up；devise；invent(a new word，phrase，etc．)编造；杜撰(新词、新短语等) tussle (v.) : to fight or struggle without using any weapons，by pulling or pushing someone rather than hitting them. 斗争，搏斗；竞争
词组Tussle with 例：He was tussling with the other boys.
come into one’s own : to receive what properly belongs to one，esp．acclaim or recognition得到自己该得的东西，如荣誉或世人的口碑
Royally: adv. 像王族，庄严地
8. English had come royally into its own. (para13) 英语取得了国语的地位。
The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more．
There was a King’s (or Queen’s) English to be proud of. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth. “The King’s English” was no longer a form of what would now be regarded as racial discrimination.
这样便有了一种英国人值得引以为傲的“标准英语”。伊丽莎白时代的人没费吹灰之力便使其影响日盛（multiplied（使）增加、相乘），遍及全球（blew吹）。“标准英语”再也不带有今天所谓的种族歧视racial discrimination的性质了。
dandelion(n.) : any of several plants of the composite family，common lawn weeds with jagged leaves，often used as greens，and yellow flowers蒲公英(属)
Yet there had been something in the remark of the Australian. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. One feels that even Mistress Quickly-a servant-is saying that Dr. Caius-her master-will lose his control and speak with the vigor of ordinary folk. If the King’s English is “English as it should be spoken,”the claim is often mock ed by the underling s, when they say with a jeer“English as it should be spoke.”The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.
不过，那个澳大利亚人的解释也有一定道理。下层阶级在使用这一名词时总带着一点轻蔑pejorative、讥讽facetious的味道。我们会发现，就连Quickly这样一个婢女（servant佣人）也会说她的主子凯厄斯大夫管不住自己的舌头，而讲起平民百姓ordinary folk们所讲的那种粗话。如果说“标准英语”就是所谓“规范英语”，这种看法常常会受到下层人民的嘲笑mock讥讽jeer，他们有时故意开玩笑地把它称做“规反英语”。下层人民对于文华上的专制还是颇有（抵制rebellion反抗）心理的。
pejorative (adj.) : disparaging or derogatory轻蔑的；贬低的
facetious (adj.) : (usu derog通常作贬义）joking or trying to be jocular，esp．at an imappropriate time 滑稽的；诙谐的；(尤指在不适当的时候)开玩笑的例：a facetious young man 耍贫嘴的小伙子underling (n.) : a person in a subordinate position；inferior disparaging(通常作蔑词)下属；
jeer: n. Jeering remark; taunt揶揄的言语；嘲讽；
例：He ran off ,their jeers ringing in his ears.他一跑了之，耳边仍回响着他们的冷嘲热讽。mock: (~ at sb/sth) make fun of,eap by mimicking him/it contemptuously; ridicule取笑（某人、某物）；尤其指模仿嘲弄，愚弄mocking smile,voice ,laugh 嘲弄的微笑、声音、大笑
9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. (para15) 下层阶级使用这个短语时，常带有贬义，甚至讥讽的味道。
The phrase，the King’s English，has always been used disrespectfully 无礼地；不恭地and jokingly开玩笑地by the lower classes.（or: The working people
very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people．）
The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. (para15) 对文化支配的对抗仍然存在。
There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class.在劳动人民中仍然存在着，就像早期的撒克逊农民一样，反对统治阶级文化权威的精神。
There is always a great danger, as Carlyle put it, that “words will harden into things for us.”Words are not themselves a reality, but only representations of it, and the King’s English, like the Anglo-French of the Normans, is a class representation of reality. Perhaps it is worth trying to speak it, but it should not be laid down as an edict, and made immune to change from below.
正如卡莱尔所说，“对我们来说，词语会变成具体harden的事物”是一种始终存在的危险。词语本身并不是现实，它不过是现实的一种反应形式representation而已。标准英语和诺曼人的盎格鲁法语的性质一样，也只是一个阶段用来表达现实的一种形式。让人们学着去讲也许不错，但既不应该把它作为法令edict，也不应该使它完全不接受immune来自下层的改变。
edict (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority；decree法令；命令；布告Immune：(adj.) : exempt from or protected against something disagreeable or harmful不受影响的；可避免的
harden: v. (cause sth to) become hare,strong,etc(使某物）变硬；变坚强，变鉴定
11. There is always a great danger, as Carlyle put it, that"words will harden into things for us." (para16) 正如卡莱尔提出的，“对我们而言，词语会变成具体的事物”，这始终会有极大的危险。
There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．For example，the word“dog”is a symbol representing a kind
of animal．We mustn’t regard the word“dog”as being the animal itself．总是有一个很大的危险，我们可能会忘记，单词只是符号sign/mark，并把他们的
东西，他们应该代表的话，例如，“狗”是一个象征，代表一种动物，我们不能把“狗”这个词本身作为动物本身。
I have an unending love affair with dictionaries-Auden once said that all a writer needs is a pen, plenty of paper and “the best dictionaries he can afford”-but I agree with the person who said that dictionaries are instruments of common sense. The King’s English is a model-a rich and instructive one-but it ought not to be an ultimatum.
17. 我一向对词典有着始终不渝的酷爱-奥登曾经说过，一支笔、够用的纸张“他所能弄到的最好的词典”就是一个作家的全部所需-但其实上我更赞同另一种说法，即把词典看成是一种常识工具。标准英语是一种范本-一种丰富而又指导作用的范本-但并不是一种绝对的权威。
ultimatum (n.) : a final offer or demand，esp．by one of the parties engaged in negotiations，the rejection of which usually leads to a break in relations and unilateral action，the use of force etc．by the party issuing the ultimatum最后通牒accept, reject, issue , deliver an ultimatum 几首、拒绝、发出、送交最后通牒。
So we may return to my beginning. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. There is no worse conversation than the one who punctuates his words as he speaks as if he were writing, or even who tries to use words as if he were composing a piece of prose for print. When E. M. Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image. But if E. M. Forster sat in our living room and said, “We are all following each other down the sinister corridor of our age,”we would be justified in asking him to
leave.
sit up : (colloq．)to。become suddenly alert；be surprised or startled吃惊，警觉
例：I called her a damned hypocrite and that made her sit up．我骂她惺惺作态，她马上警觉起来
Sinister: suggesting evil, or that sth bad may happen 邪恶的，险恶的。 A sinister motive,action, place 邪恶的动机，不详之处。
Corridor: n. Long narrow passage,from which doors open into rooms or compartments过道，走廊
由此我们可以回到我先前的话题上。即便是那些学问再高、文学修养再好的人，他们所讲的标准英语在闲聊中也常常会离谱走调。要是有谁闲聊时也像做文章一样句逗分明，或像写一篇要发表的散文般咬文嚼字的话，那他说的话就一定极为倒人胃口。看到.福斯特笔下写出“如今这个时代阴森恐怖的长廊”时，我们可以深刻体会到语言的生动、比喻的张力。但假若福斯特坐在我们的会客室里说“我们大家正一个接一个地步入这个时代阴森恐怖的长廊”时，我们肯定会让他离开。
Great authors are constantly being asked by foolish people to talk as they write. Other people may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the great minds are supposed to have indulge d in the great salon s of 18th century Paris, but one suspects that the great minds were gossiping and judging the quality of the food and the wine. Henault, then the great president of the First Chamber of the Paris Parlement, complained bitterly of the “terrible sauces” at the salons of Mme. Deffand, and went on to observe that the only difference between her cook and the supreme chef, Brinvilliers, lay in their intentions.
indulge (v.) : give way to one’s own desire尽情享受；从事于
Lofty : adj. Lofty ideas,beliefs,attitudes etc show high standards or high moral qualities- use this to show approval.崇高的想法
Salon沙龙
19. 常常会有一些愚人要求大文豪们在交谈时也像写文章一样字字珠玑，也有人对18世纪巴黎的文艺沙龙salon里那些文人雅士的高谈阔论极表称羡。可是，说不定那些文人雅士们在那里也只不过是闲谈gossip，谈论酒食的好坏哩。当时的巴黎大法院第一厅厅长亨奥尔特在德芳侯爵夫人家的沙龙作客时就曾大叫到“调料糟糕透了”，接着还大发议论说侯爵夫人家的厨子和总厨师长布兰维利耶之间的唯一差别不过就是用心不一而已。
The one place not to have dictionaries is in a sitting room or at a dining table. Look the thing up the next morning, but not in the middle of the conversation. Otherwise one will bind the conversation; one will not let it flow freely here and there. There would have been no conversation the other evening if we had been able to settle at once the meaning of “the King’s English.”We would never have gong to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest.
会客室和餐桌上是无须摆放词典的。闲聊过程中遇到弄不明白而需要查实的问题可留待第二天在说，不要话说到一半却一边查起字典来了。否则，谈话变会受到妨碍（blind约束），不能如流水般无拘无束地进行了。那晚，如果我们当场弄清了“标准英语”的意义，也就不可能再有那场交谈辩论，我们也就不可能一会儿跳到澳大利亚去，一会儿又扯回到诺曼征服时代了。
And there would have been nothing to think about the next morning. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised the subject, wondering more about her. The bother about teaching chimpanzee s how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation.
（from The Washington Post, May 6, 1979）
21.而且，我们也就没有什么可以留到第二天去思考了。尤为重要的是，如果那个问题能做当场解决的话，人们就不会对于那位引出话题的“火枪手musketeer”发生兴趣了，也不会想多了解她的情况了。教黑猩猩chimpanzee说话之所以很困难，原因就在于它们往往可能尽是想着要讲出正经八百的话来，因而会使对话失去意趣。
摘自1979年5月6日《华盛顿邮报》
musketeer (n.) : (formerly)a soldier armed with a musket火枪手
chimpanzee (n.) anthropoid ape of Africa，with black hair and large，outstanding ears(非洲)黑猩猩engage:v. 从事于
编号：TQC/K655 英语角社团活动策划书完 整版 In order to achieve a certain goal, the final plan is output after internal communication and confirmation, and the implementation is reasonably arranged according to the existing resources, so as to realize the structured and planned implementation. 【适用制定规则/统一目标/规范行为/增强沟通等场景】 编写：________________________ 审核：________________________ 时间：________________________ 部门：________________________
英语角社团活动策划书完整版 下载说明：本方案资料适合用于工作中，为达到某个目标把要求和工作的内容及根据单位的实际情况来制定，在内部沟通确认后输出最终的方案，执行时根据已有的资源进行合理安排，现实结构化和有规划性的实施。可直接应用日常文档制作，也可以根据实际需要对其进行修改。 一、活动目的: 为进一步提高XXXX广大职工及学生的英语水平，营造健康向上、积极进取的学习氛围，XXXX办公室将为广大热爱英语学习和爱好英语口语交流的朋友们搭建一个施展才华，提高英语能力的平台， 我们将以最新颖、最强大的阵容和最热情、最用心的投入，欢迎热爱英语的朋友们的积极参与，相信英语角将给大家带来视觉上的强大震撼和听觉上的全新感受，并为大家的英语学习再助一臂之力!
习水县第八中学 英语角活动方案 辅导教师： 为了激发学生学习英语的兴趣，增强每个学生开口讲英语的自信与能力，提高学生的英语听说能力与交际能力；增加英语学习的广度和深度。培养学生的自主合作意识与探究能力，促进学生良好习惯的养成，陶冶学生良好的情操。特举办我校英语角。 一、活动理念：通过举办校园英语角，营造浓厚的英语学习氛围，通过举办丰富多彩的各项活动，激发学生学习英语的兴趣，努力培养学生的创新精神和实践能力，丰富校园文化，建设特色型、学习型校园。让学生在形式多样、内容丰富多样的英语活动中，感受英语的快乐，享受英语的乐趣。 二、活动目标：充分挖掘每个学生潜质，力争使每个孩子人人参与，人人快乐，人人有收获，让每个孩子在轻松愉快的活动中感受英语、应用英语、享受英语；让英语走近每个孩子，让每个孩子在活动中找
到自信；使他们想说，敢说、能说、乐说；让每一位孩子在英语角都有收获。 三、活动意义 1．促进大家在课余时间更好的学习英语，提高学习英语的兴趣。 2．丰富校园文化生活。 四、活动时间和地点每周星期二、三、四下午第八节课，在1406班教室。时间1节课。主题：How to improve spoken English . 五、每周活动主题 1.介绍自己 2.学习英语名字，为自己选一个英语名字。 3.学习音标，根据音标划分音节。 4.学习英语歌曲 5.学习课前热身小游戏，如One two three four数字歌。 6.英语句子翻译，常见交际用语积累。如：根据 He is a boy .让学生翻译“她是一个女孩。” “我是一个女孩。”等等。锻炼其口语，也为以 后的写作积累句子。 7.认识疯狂英语。
Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar 一．Background information 二．Brief overview and writing style This text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly includ ing the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter‘s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details. The author‘s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers‘visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing. In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished. 三．Detailed study of the text Paragraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar 1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years: 1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey. 2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The word perhaps comes from the Persian word bazar.（中东和印度等的）集市，市场 Paraphrase: The bazaar can be traced back to many centuries ago. The architecture was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West. 2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…: 1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called ―historical present(历史现在时)‖. It is used for vividness. 2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, with pointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows. 3) aged: having existed long; very old 3. Y ou pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…: 1) Here ―the heat‖is contrasted with ―cool‖, ―glare‖with ―dark‖, and ―open square‖with ―cavern‖. 2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as ―bright sunlight‖.强光， 耀眼的光 3) ―cavern‖here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. From the text we can see it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.
“英语角”活动策划方案 一、活动目的: 为进一步提高xxxx广大职工及学生的英语水平，营造健康向上、积极进取的学习氛围， xxxx办公室将为广大热爱英语学习和爱好英语口语交流的朋友们搭建一个施展才华，提高英 语能力的平台， 我们将以最新颖、最强大的阵容和最热情、最用心的投入，欢迎热爱英语的朋友们的积 极参与，相信英语角将给大家带来视觉上的强大震撼和听觉上的全新感受，并为大家的英语 学习再助一臂之力！ 二、活动对象、时间和地点 活动口号：don’t be shy！just try！practice makes perfect！ 活动对象：xxxx全体职工、学生 活动时间：每周三下午15：00—17：00 活动地点：园区四楼报告厅 活动性质：本次活动是针对园区英语爱好者开展的一项以英语交流为主的集体性，自主 性、学习性、开放性的活动。 三、基本设想：体现以口语交流为主，发挥引导作用 1、每期活动的主题由主持人、大家共同商定，活动内容贴近实际生活 2、对于每期的新话题，分组开展多种形式的讨论 3、每期活动以游戏、对话等形式开展，突出语言的功能性 4、在娱乐中学习，在快乐中进步，轻轻松松学好口语 四、活动内容与形式 ⑴话题自由讨论 ⑵娱乐互动 ⑶英语原声电影经典对白 ⑷学唱英文歌曲 ⑸英语才艺展示 ⑹英语话题辩论赛等 五、具体活动计划： 准备工作： 活动开展 （1）英语角学习栏用于记录每期协会话题 （2）丰富英语资料库，大家多提供一些英语报纸，英语杂志，英语字典等英语学习资料， 资 源共享 （3）音响播放一些英语歌曲烘托英语角气氛 ( 4) 充分利用网络资源 活动具体内容： 1、自由交谈：由主持人阐述事先讨论好的主题，然后围绕主题用英语分组展开讨论，发 表自己观点和看法。 2、表演：简单的英文歌曲、即兴演讲、英文小笑话、英文电影经典对白实战模拟 3、原声模仿秀：播放一段影片，然后按照英文字幕给影片配音，由成员自愿报名模仿表 演，大家共同点评。 4、娱乐：字谜游戏、单词接龙、中英文谚语竞猜、英语绕口令等 5、英语才艺展示：比如英文歌曲演唱，英语诗歌朗诵，英语话剧表演，英语辩论赛…….
开场语 Good afternoon. my honored teachers and my fellow students．Welcome to our English corner. I am the host of today’s "English corner". It’s a great pleasure for us to get together here. English Corner is one of the activities carried out by our English club. To improve your English level and practice your ability of communication is our main objective. Since some students think that English is so difficult and boring, we will try to make them understand that English is great fun for us. As we know, our English corner is a stage for us to display our talents and also a chance for the teachers to enjoy the result of all of their hard work. Well, as the poster shows, our topic is sweet childhood. The image of childhood is like a paradise with warm sunshine, pretty flowers and many peaceful and joyful things in it. T oday, I’d like you to share some of your sweet childhood memories with all of us and perhaps we could also find some familiar points. 结束语 Boys and girls, I'm certain that we have got a nice time here. But as you know, Time is always fleeting and I'm afraid our English Corner has come to the end. We hope all of you have learned something or make new friends here. We appreciate your splendid performance. That's so excellent that we don’t want to sa y Goodbye. But we have to say Goodbye now. See you next time!
高级英语第一册lesson6 Blackmail 课文详解2 detail study、背景知 识、文章结构及修辞学习 2008-02-11 12:11:18| 分类：默认分类| 标签：|字号大中小订阅 高级英语第一册lesson6 Blackmail 课文详解2 detail study、背景知识、文章结构及修辞学习 2007年01月01日星期一下午11:48 96. bulbous: shaped like a bulb, swelling and disgustingly fat and round bulbous dome / nose 97. peremptorily: (fml) showing an expectation of being obeyed at once and without question, imp olitely and unfriendly, commanding, insisting obedience 98. rivet: metal pin for fasten plates. to hold or fasten with or as if with rivets cf: glare, stare, fix 99. feature: any of the noticeable parts of the face a man with Oriental features Her mouth is her worst feature / best feature, like a cherry. 100. set in a mould: When you take a picture, you set your body, your countenance ...in a certain way. That is to set in a mould. (A lame one-eyed king taking a picture) mould (Am.E) = mould (Br.E): character, distinctive nature, a person's character, nature, etc., cons idered as having been shaped by family type, education, training, experience, etc. Be cast in a mould of a particular kind means to have the characteristics, attitudes, behaviour or lif estyle that are typical of that kind of person be made / cast in mould of He is made in his father's mould. (He has the same personality and character as his father's) 101. imperious: in tensely compelling, marked by arrogant assurance, dominating. This word is rel ated to imperial. The whole sentence can be paraphrased as follows: Her handsome high-cheekboned features were set in a way which shows her imperial character. 102. respite: a short period of pause or rest, during a time of great effort pain, or trouble, a time of relief (as from labour, suffering or war) or delay (as before sentencing or executing).
Unit1 Rhetorical Devices 1.One begin with the solution proposed in Bible: the poor suffer in this world but are wonderfully reward in the next.(allusion) 2.If they are poor and also meek, they eventually will inherit the earth.(irony) 3.This is associated with the names of David Ricardo, a stockbroker, and Thomas Robert Malthus, a divine.(irony ) 4.Couples in love the should repair to R.H.Macy`s, not the bed rooms.(irony) 5.The American Beauty Rose can be produced in the (metaphor) 6.It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent,except as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall management of the Pentagon.(metonymy) 7.Can we really believe that any considerable number of poor prefer welfare to a good job.(rhetoric question) 8.Murray is the voice of Spencer in our time;he is enjoying, as indicated ,unparalleled popularity in high Washington circles.(irony) Paraphrase 1.Virtue is,indeed must be ,self-centered. 正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心。 By right action ,we must help promote personal interest.
于永超综合活动课———“英语角”活动策划方案一、活动目的： 为进一步提高学生学习英语的兴趣，提高学生英语口语的表达能力，开辟英语学习的新途径;同时为营造健康向上、积极进取的校园学习氛围，切实提高广大学生英语学习能力，特别是口语表达能力，为爱好英语口语交流的中学生朋友搭建一个施展才华提高英语能力的平台，本学期，为同学们准备了一系列丰富多彩的英语角活动。 我们将以更新颖、更热情、更用心的投入，欢迎新Fans的参与，相信英语角将给English Fans带来视觉和听觉上的全新感受，Please join us！ 二、活动对象、时间及地点： 活动口号：I participate, I’m happy（我参与，我快乐） 活动对象：英语爱好者（七、八年学生） 活动时间：每周三下午第七节 活动地点：多媒体教室 三、基本设想： 体现以学生为主，发挥教师的引导作用 1、活动场地的布置由学生设计和装饰，体现学生的爱好和需求。 2、每次活动的主题由老师和学生共同商定，活动内容贴近学生实际和生活。 3、活动以游戏、对话等形式开展，突出语言的功能性。 4、每次活动安排两位英语教师参与设计和指导。 四、活动基本内容与形式： 1. 表演：英文歌曲、即兴演讲、英文笑话、英文电影对白等等。 2. 自由交谈：由主持人阐述一个主题，大家围绕这个主题展开讨论，发表自己的观点和看法。 3．看英文电影 4．娱乐： A.“心有灵犀”:选几个同学，一边用英文解说一边表演，其他人猜出单词。 B.单词接龙:即由一个人说一个单词，下一个人以前一个人说的单词的 最后一个字母为首字母，再接一个新单词。 C.中英文的谚语竞猜。 D．英语绕口令：每次出两名学生参加比赛。 5、教师示范指导，怎样学好英语，怎样做英语句子，学生根据自己的
英语角活动总结 随着社会对英语技能的要求越来越高，听、说逐渐成为学习英语的关键。我校在英语学习方面还有很大的发展空间，同学们对英语学习的兴趣也很高，然而缺少一定的听、说英语的环境。为了给同学们构建一个英语学习和交流的平台，创造一个良好的英语学习氛围，经学校研究决定成立英语角。培养学生学英语的兴趣和交际能力，提高英语水平，为不敢开口说英语而感到苦恼的同学提供一个免费的英语交流平台。通过特色英语兴趣小组的活动，锻炼小学生的语言能力和交际能力，鼓励他们大胆开口，更重要的是把阶段性的英语知识加以总结，为英语语言的信息加工提供机会。为了办好英语角，我根据学生的具体情况有计划有目的地进行，依据小学生对学习英语的兴趣、年龄、学习规律等特点来开展活动。 1、加强英语教学生活化 教学方法生活化，让生活走进英语角，在活动中努力创设生动和真实的语言环境，找准交谈内容与生活的契合点，把抽象的语言形象化，运用新颖多样的方法，从视觉、听觉方面刺激学生的感觉器官，充分发挥他们的想象力，让所学致于所用，让生活走进英语角。 2、实现生活化的再扩展 从学生的兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发，创新教学类型，把学习的自由与空间还给学生，使学生通过亲身参与体验实践，使自己的英语知识逐渐“沸腾”起来。鼓励学生大胆开口。 通过英语角兴趣小组的活动，使学生的英语特长得到更好的发展，进一步打好英语基础，培养学生的听、说能力，观察能力和创新思维能力。我校的首届英语角和英语爱好者的热烈欢迎，可以说在一个学期的活动时间活动一直都受到了学生
里无论是在场的英语爱好者们还是学员们都表现得非常积极，在场的学生都能够张开嘴巴勇敢地说英语，不再羞于启齿。这也让英语角的气氛变得十分热烈。 本学期，校领导推广英语角活动来提高学习效率，作为英语角的指导老师，做了一次寓教于乐的尝试。英语角从开学以后开始，总共活动了十二次，每次活动的项目各异，但是相互之间都有着很好的衔接。我们组织了英语字母学习，诗歌朗读，英语角活动训练，我和同学们结合课堂上所讲的主谓宾结构和各种修辞手法，不断总结翻译的要点，我也能够看到同学们兴趣盎然参与活动的同时，提高了翻译水平。组织相应的活动作为课堂的补充，运用各种方式来教授知识，我想不管是对于老师还是学生，都是一个十分享受英语学习的过程。 辅导教师:张桂花 2012年12月18日
Lesson 1 I． 1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt． 2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy． 3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar． 4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit. 5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene. II . 1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side
初二英语角活动计划 一、活动对象、时间及地点： 活动口号：Practice make you perfect! 活动对象：全体初二学生，其中有约50名核心成员（每两个班选5名） 活动时间：每周三下午5：05～5：45 活动地点：行政楼与教学楼A栋之间的空地（车库旁） 指导老师：Miss Zhong (钟彩莲) 二、具体计划： 1. 第一次活动计划（第4周） 活动主题：鹦鹉学舌 1、活动前，在活动前一星期，每队预先模拟排练好原声录音磁带中的一段话或一个故事，每队至少有两名同学参加比赛。每队选出一名同学作为比赛的评委。 2、活动时，10只比赛队伍按（抽签）顺序上台表演，评委给予评分。（预定时间为30分钟），10只队伍比赛结束后，现场的观众（学生），若有兴趣者也可上台表演（1～5人均可），评委也将给临时参与比赛者打分，并派发奖品（奖品待定）。 一等奖（1组）二等奖（2组）三等奖（3组）优秀奖（5名） 2. 第二次活动计划（第6周） 活动主题：两个英语游戏（绕口令与英语乒乓球） 1.英语角场地将分为两个活动进行点。一为英语绕口令游戏，另一为英语短期记忆。 活动前，每班选出英语成绩及口语较好的学生（每两个班5名），10个学生为工作人员，其他的可以作为参与活动者，带动全年级其他同学的积极参与。 绕口令：在规定时间内（1分钟），能准确地读出越多绕口令就越好。 比赛规则为一分钟内读出____条或__条绕口令以上奖______ 英语乒乓球:三人一组。两人比赛打乒乓球，每打一个球，必须说出一个规定的一类（如people, animals）中的一个，若接不到球或打球时说不出单词，则都为输了。比赛规则为5球3胜。3人中有一个胜利者，可获得一张奖品券。 3. 第三次活动计划（第7周） 活动主题：两个英语游戏（英语短期记忆及听英语做动作） 英语短期记忆：三名学生一组。例如： A：I see a bag. B: I see a bag and a ruler. C: I see a bag, a ruler and a pen. 谁能准确地坚持到最后的为胜利者。胜利者获一张奖品券。 听英语做动作：工作人员将会念一段话，要求比赛者根据内容做出动作，三人一组，动作做得最准确者获胜。获胜者得一张奖品券。
步青学区英语学习社组织部 2013.5.
一、活动目的：时代在发展，社会在进步，我们的生活也日益丰富，已不在局限于一座城市，或者一个国家，学会一门外语是相当重要的，作为21世纪的我们，当代大学生要加强英语口语交际能力，需要进行适当的实践训练，做到无论在什么场合能开口说上流利的英语。“英语角”的开展就是为同学们提供一个英语交流的环境，努力营造出浓厚的英语学习氛围，练习说地道的英语，让大家敢于开口用英语交谈，学会如何快速地融合到一个陌生的集体；同时在趣味游戏之中减少与英语的陌生感，提高大家对英语的兴趣，在无意思之中提高语言理解能力以及表达能力，从而达到提高英语水平的最终目的。 二、活动时间： 三、活动地点： 考虑到夏季户外较炎热，初步把地点放在11号楼中间的空地部分，可适当遮阳。 四、参加人员：英语社的全体会员以及学区对英语感兴趣的同学，参加结对的卓工班同学。 五、.参与嘉宾：外教，英语老师,or留学生,or参与寝室结对
的外国语学院。 主持人:邀请上次在结对活动中那个很活跃的男生(拟定) 以及 （可与上次负责寝室结对的老师联系，联合开展这次活动） 六．场地布置： 中间为舞台,即主持人站中间,参与者以小组为单位绕圈坐在四周(有坐垫),坐垫中间摆放小零食或水果以及水. 1.横幅 2.气球(装扮) 3.音响(进场期间播放背景音乐：较柔和或轻快的英文歌曲) 七、前期准备： 1、联系外教及老师 2、宣传： 1.在校讯通上发出倡议，联系各班学习委员，班长， 鼓励大家积极参与。 2.各个楼栋张贴宣传单。 3.腾讯微博，新浪多进行宣传。（内容适当涉及） 具体流程： 七、现场流程： 备注: 1.（在征得外教同意后可附上能与外教合影留念的条 件（到时可留下QQ号发送到邮箱）以此提升大家
EXERCISES 1 I . Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible: 1) What is a bazaar? Can you name some of the Middle Eastern countries in which such bazaars are likely to be found? 2) Name all the markets in the bazaar. What kind of economy do you think they represent? Give facts to support your view. 3) Could a blind man know which part of the bazaar he was in? How? 4) Why is the cloth-market "muted"? 5) What scene do you find most picturesque in the bazaar? Why? I . Paraphrase: 1) little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people 2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3) they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down 4) he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining 5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear III. Translate the following into Chinese: 1) The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. 2) It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shop- keeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. 3) The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. 4) The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. 5) The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders creak and groan,
“英语角”系列活动 策 划 书 主办单位：南京师范大学学生会 学生发展中心 2012年10月10日
目录 一、活动背景 (3) 二、活动目的 (4) 三、活动形式及内容 1、英语角系列活动之英语pa (5) 2、英语角系列活动之四六级高分经验分享会 (10) 3、英语角系列活动之chatting room (12) 四、具体活动安排 五、企业宣传方式 六、总预算 活动背景 随着现代社会的不断发展，世界的联系越来越紧密，逐渐发展成一个地球村。而世界各国在相互联系的过程中，各 国语言也在激烈地碰撞，交汇。英语变得越来越国际化，成
为了国际舞台上一门重要的交际工具。可以说，不懂英语就 无法走向世界，无法与更广阔的天地接触。中国，在世界的 舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色。少年雄于地球，则国雄于 地球，作为泱泱大国的新一代，有着责任和义务学好英语这 门重要的交际语言。南京师范大学是一所国家211计划重点 建设的大学之一，南师大作为坐落在六朝古都南京的一所有 着百年传统的国家重点高校，肩负着教书育人，为社会培养 高尖端国际化人才的重担。 活动目的 为了适应社会发展，满足现代企业对高尖端国际化人才的需求，我校学生会致力于培养、提高在校大学生的英语综 合能力。校学生会学生发展中心创办的“英语角”活动继承 这一精神，以各类与英语相关的娱乐活动来丰富在校大学生 的课余外语生活，以各种以提高英语能力为宗旨的英语比赛 来达到锻炼在校学生英语的综合能力。我校会学发中心的英 语活动种类丰富，形式多样，传统悠久，口碑极佳，立足学 生英语学习现状，结合社会时代背景，以期为学生未来在社 会和国际舞台上夯实基础，添砖浦路。 南京师范大学第一届“英语角”系列 活动
第一课Face to face with Hurricane Camille 1.We’re elevated 23 feet. We’re 23 feet above sea level. 2.The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has bothered it. The house has been here since 1915, andno hurricane has ever caused any damage to it. 3.We can batten down and ride it out. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4.The generator was doused, and the lights went out. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out. 5.Everybody out the back door to the cars! Everybody goes out through the back door and runs to the cars! 6.The electrical systems had been killed by water. The electrical systems in the car (the battery for the starter) had been put out by water. 7.John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland. 8.Get us through this mess, will you? Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely 9.She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and finally stopped. 10.Janis had just one delayed reaction. Janis displayed the fear caused by the hurricane rather late. 1.Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。 2.The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。 3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan. 在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。 4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。 5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish.虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。 6. T o make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的，具有民族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。 7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated.在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。 8. His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化成了泡影。 第二课Hiroshima-the “Liveliest” City in Japan 1.Serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them… They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them. 2.At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.