试卷一
本题为单项选择题，限时180分钟。
1. Bill of Rights
a. Domestic federal legislation.
b. Legal protection against interference of rights by private individuals.
c. A popular name given to the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
d. The federal constitutional provision which grants rights to state governments.
2. Standing
a. Abbreviation of “notwithstanding”
b. The ability to bring a lawsuit because of a party’s actual injury for which the court can provide a remedy.
c. The ripeness of a case or controversy.
d. The status of a person, group, or organization appearing as a “friend of the court.”
3. Consideration
a. Process of judicial deliberation before rendering a decision in a contested case.
b. The lengthy recitals of “boilerplate” language appea ring in many contracts.
c. The inducement to enter a contract, and a necessary element to prove the validity of a contract.
d. The detrimental reliance of an offere
e.
4. Promissory Estoppel
a. A failure to prosecute a civil or criminal action.
b. Power to make an offer to the public rather than a specific individual.
c. Equitable doctrine recognized as substitute for consideration in some cases.
d. Ability of an agent to bind a principal in matters beyond the scope pf agency.
5. Punitive Damages
a. Damages to compensate for injury .
b. Civil damages meant to punish the wrongdoer for causing injury.
c. “Nominal” or minimal damages.
d. Non-monetary damages, such as an injunction (injunctive relief) or” specific injunction (injunctive relief) or “specific performance” of a contract obligation.
6. When airplanes fly over your home, are your property rights violated?
a. No, never.
b. Normally, no, unless the flights are low and frequent.
c. Yes, because you own all the air above your home, into outer space.
d. Normally, no, based on your right to quiet use and enjoyment of the property.
7. Venue
a. The street or avenue where a courthouse can often be found.
b. Diversity of citizenship.
c. The dates of a trial.
d. The location of a trial.
8. Deposition
a. A tool of discovery used before trial.
b. Statements made by a witness on the witness stand during trial (also known as “trial testimony”).
c. The position a defendant is placed in while waiting for a trial.
d. The court’s resolution of a cas
e.
9. Generally speaking, a limited partnership may be dissolved by which of the following events or occurrences?
a. By the filing of a certificate of limited partnership.
b. By a relocation of the partnership.
c. By the marriage of a limited partner.
d. By the bankruptcy of a general partner.
10. A corporation is a legal entity:
a. created by the local government.
b. created and recognized by an entrepreneurial agency.
c. managed internally by the federal government.
d. created and recognized by state law in most cases.
11. Jurisdiction
a. A geographic area, used primarily for determining eligibility to vote.
b. The presence of a defendant in a state where he or she can be served with a summons or a subpoena.
c. The power of the executive branch to enforce the judgments of the courts.
d. The power and authority of a court or other body to render judgment in a cas
e.
12.Paralegal
a. A secondary source of law.
b. A lawyer’s assistant.
c. One who holds an advanced law degree.
d. A law student.
13. Kirby Construction Co. in preparing its bid for the construction a new hospital received a quotation of $120,000 from Kat’s Interiors Inc．who offered to do the kitchen work in the new hospital．This bid was $30，000 lower than Kirby’s nex t lowest bid for the kitchen work．As a result，Kirby lowered his bid by $20，000 before submitting it to the hospital board．After Kirby was awarded the construction bid，and had accepted Kat's offer, Kat’s president discovered that in his preparation of the q uotation he had overlooked some subsidiary kitchen installments required by the plans．
Immediately thereafter, Kat’s Interiors brings suit for rescission of the contract．They should
(A)succeed，because of the unilateral mistake
(B)not succeed，unless Kirby knew or should have known of Kat's error
(C)succeed，because the mistake was an essential element of the bargain
(D)not succeed，since the computation mistake was antecedent to acceptance of the bid
14. In disputes over whether a partnership exists, which of the following is NOT considered to be an essential element?
(A) An equal right in the management of the business.
(B) The sharing of profits or losses.
(C) The consultation on business strategy.
(D) Joint ownership in the business.
15. This jurisdiction makes suicide a crime. Jilly, a day trader, is despondent over a failed marriage and catastrophic financial losses during the recent 2,000 point drop in the Nasdaq stock exchange. Jilly went up to the roof of her fourth story apartment building and decided to jump off. She landed on top of two pedestrians, Alex and Jean Pietro, who cushioned her fall and saved her life. Unfortunately, Alex and Jean Pietro were seriously injured when Jilly crashed on top of them.
Jilly is guilty of
(A) battery
(B) attempted murder
(C) attempted manslaughter
(D) reckless endangerment
16. The Commonwealth of Delmarva has passed a law that provides that only residents of Delmarva who are citizens of the United States can own agricultural land in the state. Delp, a citizen of the United States who resides in the neighboring state of Agoura, has contracted with Barerra to purchase the latter’s farm which is located in
Delmarva. Barrera, who is a resident of Delmarva, has been informed by his attorney that his sales agreement with Delp is null and void under state law.
Which of the following is the best constitutional argument to contest the validity of the Delmarva statute?
(A) The Contract Clause prohibition against a state from enacting any law that will impair the obligation of contracts.
(B) The Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
(C) The Privileges and Immunities Clause under Article IV, Section 2.
(D) The national property power provision under Article IV, Section 3.
17. Alice is sitting on her front porch watching her husband Bruce，who is mowing the lawn．Carl，who hates Bruce but is a friend of Alice’s，whose presence is known to him，draws a pistol and threatens to kill Bruce．Alice，who is pregnant，Suffers severe emotional distress as a result of the trauma and soon afterwards has a miscarriage．In an action by Alice against Carl for mental anguish resulting in her miscarriage，Alice will
(A)lose，because Carl did not know that Alice was pregnant
(B)win，because it is highly probable that Carl’s extreme and outrageous conduct would cause e motional distress to Alice
(C)lose，because Carl's actions were directed against Bruce，so only Bruce may recover for emotional distress
(D)win，because she is Bruce's wife
18. Clyde Cooch, a prominent judge, lived next door to Lester Biggs．Recently Judge Cooch had sentenced Lester Biggs' son, Dopey, to six months in prison on a narcotics charge．One afternoon while judge Cooch was mowing his lawn，Lester decided to avenge his son's conviction．Lester set up his water sprinkler behind some shrubbery separating their adjoining properties．As the judge was mowing his lawn and came within reach of the water sprinkler, Lester turned on the sprinkling device，and doused the judge with water．
Judge Cooch would be able to recover against Lester for which of the following tort(s)：
(A) negligence
(B) battery
(C) assault and battery
(D) battery and trespass
19. Cassie and her four-year-old son，Noah，were Christmas shopping at F.A.O. Schwartz Toy Store in midtown Manhattan．F.A.O. Schwartz，which operates one of New York's largest retail toy stores，sells a complete array of toys，games，dolls，hobbies and crafts．The iterns were displayed on a variety of tables and shelves which were easily accessible to the customers．While Cassie was walking down one of the aisles，her attention became focused on a "Howdy Doody” doll that was prominently exhibited on an overhead display shelf．When Cassie approached the doll display, she reached up to grab the "Howdy Doody" doll．As she did so, Cassie failed to see a “Buffalo Bob” doll lying on the fl oor．She tripped over the doll and fell down, fracturing her hip．
If Cassie asserts a claim against F.A.O. Schwartz for her injuries，will the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur be applicable on the issue of the toy store's liability?
(A)Yes，because Cassie was a business invitee on the premises of the toy store．
(B)Yes，because F.A.O. Schwarfz was in control of the premises at the time of the accident．
(C)No, because the "Buffalo Bob" doll may have been dislodged by another customer．
(D)No，unless the “Buffalo Bob” doll had been displayed on the edge of the shelf in a negligent manner by one
of F.A.O. Schwartz's employees．
20. Amos is the owner in fee simple of Blackacre. a 7-acre tract, on which he maintains a dwelling house for himself and his family．Adjoining Blackacre is Whiteacre，a 10-acre tract，owned by Andy．In order to gain access to the highway, Amos has an easement to cross over Whiteacre．
Amos has recently purchased Greenacre，a 12-acre tract，which abuts Whiteacre but is not appurtenant to Blackacre. Amos has begun constructing a farmhouse on Greenacre and is using the existing easement (across Whiteacre) to gain access to the 12-acre tract．Amos has never received permission from Andy to use the road across Whiteacre to gain access to Greenacre．
In an appropriate action by Andy to enjoin Amos from using the existing easement to gain access to Greenacre，the plaintiff will most likely
(A)succeed，because Amos is making use of the servient tenement beyond the scope and extent of the easement as it was originally created
(B)succeed，because Amos has no right to use the servient tenement in connection with a tract of land which is not part of the dominant tenement
(C)not succeed，because Amos has an easement by necessity
(D)not succeed，because Amos has a right to use the easement in a manner not inconsistent with the rights of the owner of the servient tenement
试卷二
本题包括翻译、写作两部分，共限时180分钟
1 Translation
(1)Please translate the following paragraph into English
根据中国银监会的资料，截至2004年12月31日，中国境内共有12家持有全国性银行执照的股份制商业银行。截至同一日期，就总资产规模而言，本银行是这些银行中最大的。一般而言，股份制商业银行的股东架构各不相同，包括（但不限于）当地政府实体及国有企业。这些股份制商业银行大多数是在八十年代后期和九十年代初期组建，整体市场份额逐年增加，而四大银行的市场份额逐年下降。根据中国银监会的资料，截至2004年12月31日，这些银行占中国金融机构总资产约14.9%。
(2) Please translate the following paragraph into Chinese
2-202. Final Written Expression: Parol or Extrinsic Evidence.
Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to such terms as are included
therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any prior agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented
(a) by course of dealing or usage of trade (Section 1-205) or by course of performance (Section 2-208); and
(b) by evidence of consistent additional terms unless the court finds the writing to have been intended also as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement .
2 Writing
Suppose you were Marie Lin, a lawyer of SHICHENG LAW FIRM, you have known that Max Chen wants to retain a legal consulting firm from a friend. Now, please write a letter to Max Chen, persuade him to choose your law firm. You also send him your firm brochure.
Max Chen’s address: ABC corporatio n, Cyber Tower, Suite 119, Haidian, Beijing, China.
Please pay more attention to format of your letter.
安全生产法律法规知识点汇总 1、法的最基本属性是统治阶级的意志，不是共同意志； 2、社会主义法以国家意志形式体现了工人阶级领导下的广大人民的意志； 3、居住在我国的外国人，在某些问题上适用于他本国的法律； 4、《安全生产法》20XX年6月29日公布，20XX年11月1日起生效； 5、法具有国家强制性； 6、安全生产执法基本原则：合法、公正、公开，联合执法，惩戒与教育相结合，有法必依、 执法必严、违法必究； 7、在同一类问题上，特殊法优于一般法； 8、部门规章由国务院有关部委制定； 9、地方性法规由省人大及常委会制定； 10、《安全生产法》基本原则：人身安全第一、预防为主、社会监督、综合治理； 11、《安全生产法》立法目的：加强管理、防止事故、保障安全、促进发展； 12、《安全生产法》调整范围：除香港、澳门外，从事生产经营活动的单位； 13、《安全生产法》排除适用：已发现的，特殊法中未做出规定的问题； 14、“安全第一，预防为主”是我国安全生产管理的方针； 15、生产经营单位的主要负责人对本单位的安全生产工作全面负责； 16、主要负责人是本单位安全生产工作主要领导责任的决策人； 17、工会：民主管理、民主监督； 18、县级以上地方各级人民政府负责安全生产监督管理的部门对本行政区域内安全生产 工作实施综合监督管理； 19、安全生产技术服务机构依照执业标准； 20、安全资金投入应以法律、行政法规、国家标准、行业标准规定； 21、高危行业（无论有多少从业人员）应当设置安全管理机构或者配备专职安全管理人员； 22、300人以上的非高危行业应当设置安全管理机构或者配备专职安全管理人员； 23、300人以下的非高危行业应当配备专职或兼职的安全管理人员，或委托； 24、生产经营单位新建、改建、扩建工程项目的安全设施必须与主体工程同时设计、同时 施工、同时投入生产和使用。矿山建设项目、用于生产储存危险物品的建设项目，应当
1 A buyer can accept goods by: A. Stating an intention to take them. B. Failing to reject them. C. Treating the goods as if the buyer owned them. D. All of the above. 2 Mary agrees to sell a used car to Bill for $ 5,000. After Bill pays, Mary tells him to come over and pick up the car. However, Bill waits until Wednesday to pick up the car. In the meantime, the car is stolen. Who bears the loss here? Assume that we have neither a shipment contract nor a destination contract, and that Mary has never sold a care before. A. Mary. B. Bill C. Neither Mary and Bill. D. Both Mary and Bill. Mary agrees to sell a used car to Bill for $ 5,000. After Bill pays, Mary tells him to come over and pick up the car. However, Bill waits until Wednesday to pick up the car. In the meantime, the car is stolen. Who bears the loss here? Assume that we have neither a shipment contract nor a destination contract, and that Mary has never sold a care before. A. Mary. B. Bill C. Neither Mary and Bill. D. Both Mary and Bill. In order for someone to be convicted of a crime, which of the following elements must be present? A. The defendant had a socially maladjusted childhood. B. The defendant had no intent to commit the act. C. The defendant performed a prohibited act. D. The defendant performed a morally questionable act. Bob often left his friend Mark in charge of his bicycle store. One Saturday evening, after Mark had left for the week, Bob discovered that he was missing $9,000 in cash. Mark may be guilty of: A. Robbery. B. Embezzlement. C. Misappropriation. D. Conversion. When profits earned illegally are channeled through a legitimate business for the purpose of giving the funds the appearance of legitimacy, the act of ______ occurs: A. Insider trading. B. Economic espionage. C. Money laundering. D. Burglary. When profits earned illegally are channeled through a legitimate business for the purpose of giving the funds the appearance of legitimacy, the act of ______ occurs:
安全生产法律法规常识(标准 版) Safety management is an important part of enterprise production management. The object is the state management and control of all people, objects and environments in production. ( 安全管理 ) 单位：______________________ 姓名：______________________ 日期：______________________ 编号：AQ-SN-0640
安全生产法律法规常识(标准版) 第一节我国安全生产方针 “安全第一，预防为主”是我国安全生产工作的基本方针。这在《中华人民共和国安全生产法》中有明确规定。 一、劳动保护与安全生产 新中国建国之初，我国就明确提出实行劳动保护政策。即在实施增产节约的同时，必 须注意职工的安全、健康和必不可少的福利事业。 1987年1月26日我国制定的第一部《劳动法（草案）》规定我国劳动保护的方针是：“安全第一，预防为主”。2002年颁布施行的《安全生产法》明确规定：安全生产管理，坚持“安全第一，预防为主”的方针。
“安全第一，预防为主”的安全生产方针，是在长期工作实践中总结和提炼出来的，既是党和国家对安全生产工作的总要求，也是安全生产工作应遵循的最高准则。 二、在工作中正确理解安全生产方针的含义 安全生产方针可以归纳为以下几方面的内容： (1)方针突出了“以人为本”的思想。人的生命是最可宝贵的，人的生命权是人的其它一切权利的基础。只有劳动者的安全得到充分的保障，生产才可能顺利进行。 (2)“安全第一”，是相对于生产而言的，即当生产和安全发生矛盾时，必须先解决安全问题，使生产在确保安全的情况下进行。这就是人们常说的“生产必须安全，不安全不得生产”。这是人命关天的大事，劳动者要提高自我保护意识，不要冒险作业。 (3)在生产活动中，必须用辩证统一的观点去处理好安全与生产的关系。越是生产任务忙，越要重视安全，把安全工作搞好。否则就会引发事故，生产也无法正常进行，这是多年来生产实践证明了的一条重要经验。
法律英语证书（LEC）全国统一考试样题 试卷一 本题为单项选择题，限时180分钟。 1. Bill of Rights a. Domestic federal legislation. b. Legal protection against interference of rights by private individuals. c. A popular name given to the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution. d. The federal constitutional provision which grants rights to state governments. 2. Standing a. Abbreviation of “notwithstanding” b. The ability to bring a lawsuit because of a party’s actual injury for which the court can provide a remedy. c. The ripeness of a case or controversy. d. The status of a person, group, or organization appearing as a “friend of the court.” 3. Consideration a. Process of judicial deliberation before rendering a decision in a contested case. b. The lengthy recitals of “boilerplate” language appearing i n many contracts. c. The inducement to enter a contract, and a necessary element to prove the validity of a contract. d. The detrimental reliance of an offere e.
补充一章安全生产法律法规常识 教学要求：1、掌握我全生产方针。 2、了解安全生产主要法律法规。 3、了解安全生产主要法律制度。 4、理解特种作业人员应当具备的职业道德。 5、掌握特种作业人员岗位职责。 教学重点：1、掌握我全生产方针。 2、掌握特种作业人员岗位职责 教学难点：1、安全生产工作必须强调预防为主。 2、从业人员的权利。 3、正确贯彻事故追究制度。 课时分配：本章共用2课时，第一、二节用1课时，第三节用1课时 教学过程： 导入新课：根据上级要求，我们在学习专业知识以前，首先学习一些安全生产法律法规知识。新授： 第一节我全生产方针 “安全第一，预防为主”是我全生产工作的基本方针。这在《中华人民全生产法》中有明确规定。 一、劳动保护与安全生产 新中国建国之初，我国就明确提出实行劳动保护政策。即在实施增产节约的同时，必 须注意职工的安全、健康和必不可少的福利事业。 1987年1月26日我国制定的第一部《劳动法（草案）》规定我国劳动保护的方针是：“安全第一，预防为主”。2002年颁布施行的《安全生产法》明确规定：安全生产管理，坚持“安全第一，预防为主”的方针。 “安全第一，预防为主”的安全生产方针，是在长期工作实践中总结和提炼出来的，既是党和国家对安全生产工作的总要求，也是安全生产工作应遵循的最高准则。 二、在工作中正确理解安全生产方针的含义 安全生产方针可以归纳为以下几方面的容： (1) 方针突出了“以人为本”的思想。人的生命是最可宝贵的，人的生命权是人的其它一切权利的基础。只有劳动者的安全得到充分的保障，生产才可能顺利进行。 (2) “安全第一”，是相对于生产而言的，即当生产和安全发生矛盾时，必须先解决安全问题，使生产在确保安全的情况下进行。这就是人们常说的“生产必须安全，不安全不得生
2013-2014学年第二学期 华侨大学法学院期末考试试卷 考试科目：法律英语考核类型：A卷考试时间：120 分钟 学号姓名授课教师骆旭旭 (注意：所有的答案（包括选择题）应做在空白答题纸上) Exercise 1: Translate the following sentence into Chinese.(30%) The dominant purpose in starting the public enterprises had been public good and profit motive was secondary; however, of late the scenario has changed. With the liberalisation of markets the public undertakings are in direct competition with the private players and have to have profit motive in mind. If not, there have been criticisms by industry on the unequal treatment meted out to the private players. Here it is important to note the definition of "enterprise" under the Competition Act. It makes no distinction between a private and a public enterprise/undertaking. In fact it even includes a department of the Government which does not perform a "sovereign function". Functionally, the public undertakings have been broadly classified into four heads: ?Financial Institutions, such as Life Insurance Corporation of India, Reserve Bank of India, Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation Ltd, Film Finance Corporation Ltd, Unit Trust of India, Industrial Reconstruction Bank, etc. ?Promotional and Development Undertakings, such as Rehabilitation Housing Corporation Ltd, National Research Development Corporation Ltd, Food Corporation of India, Central Warehousing Corporation, National Small Industries Corporation Ltd, etc. ?Commercial and Industrial Undertakings, such as State Trading Corporation, Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd, Indian Airlines Corporation, Air India, etc. ?Public Utilities are those undertakings which render certain essential services to the people, like transportation, electricity, communications, energy, etc. The objective of such undertakings is to provide services to the community economically and efficiently and making profit is not the primary aim.
1调卷令certiorari 2遵循先例：stare decisis 3法系legal family 4大陆法civil law 管辖权jurisdiction 地区法院District court 巡回法院circuit court 治安法庭Justice court 社会主义法socialist law 众议院House of representative 行使exercise 1司法审查judicial review 起诉资格standing 事实上的损害injury in fact 行政协定executive decision共同决议common decision 分权separation of powers 制衡checks and balances 成熟原则ripeness 招标bids 宪法constitution 1刑法criminal law 轻微违法misdemeanor 报税单bill of entry 主观上的过错mental fault 非预谋杀人manslaughter 抢劫robbery 加重的aggravate 绑架kidnapping 盗劫larceny 伪证罪perjury 1the county is the subdivision 2the doctrine ---the maxim 3the federal entity4the enforcement of a claim5statutes or codes 6tradition custom,and precedent 7commom people ,versus legislation 8stare decisis , Latin9legal relationships /legal concept 10judicial branch /judicial dictatorships 1in the precess of a court ascertaining2than to statutory interpretation 3dose not have the ''prolixity"/dose not provide a ready solution 4congress though its "power of the purse" /power as commander -in- chief 5c hecks and balances provided for in the constitution 6and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures 7has no standing to challenge 8the policy of elimination of racial discrimination In places of accommodation/and ending the badges of servitude 1it is punishable by sanctions 2Most crimes or identified in statutes 3punished through imposition penalities 4violation of a misdemeanor 5which were committed before that /enactment of the law 6grand a criminal prosecution7as well as its substantive law 8crimes classified as felonies include murder9 authorized federal jurisdiction 10one can be held criminally liable 1 it is to tell the defendant that 2In US jurisprudence, however 3the right to trial by grand jury/protection against government tyranny 4 The prosecution at trial has the duty 5against arbitrary imposition of the capital punishment 6in an entirely different punishment/prosecution and conviction 7 privilege against self-incrimination8a common assumption abou t the nature of criminality 9"unreasonable" government searches and seizures is stated 10criminal procedure is "adversarial" 1 single issue of law 2dismissed or a defense was lost 3state a claim generally 4adequately represent the interests 5"fairness hearing" 6(the "plaintiff")to file suit in 7violatio n criminal law 8applying substantive law to real disputes 9 on part is entitled to judgment 10common law remedy/ equitable remedies
安全生产法律法规知识介绍 (一)基本概念： 1、安全生产法 2、矿山安全法及配套法规 3、国务院关于特大安全事故行政责任追究的规定 4、危险化学品安全管理条例 5、安全生产许可证条例 6、烟花爆竹安全管理条例 8、江西省安全生产条例 9、江西省安全生产监督管理规定 1、安全生产法 2002年6月29日经第九届全国人大会第二十八次会议审议通过颁布，2002年11月1日正式实施。。安全生产法》需要重点掌握的内容： 二是安全生产责任制度。 三是安全生产设施“三同时”制度。 五是事故应急救援制度。 六是员工的权利和义务制度。 七是损害赔偿制度。 八是行政责任追究及对生产经营单位主要负责人的处罚制度。 2、国务院关于特大安全事故行政责任追究的规定
2001年4月28日以国务院302号令的形式发布关于《国务院关于特大安全事故行政责任追究的规定》。主要内容： (1)明确了各级政府及有关部门在安全生产中的责任。 (2)按照“谁审批谁负责”的原则，明确了审批部门及人员对所涉及的安全生产行政审批事项的审批责任、监督检查责任和查处责任。 (3)明确了发生特大安全事故后事故的报告、调查处理及行政责任追究的规定。 3、安全生产许可证条例 于2004年1月13日以国务院令第397号公布实施。需要重点掌握的内容： (1)实行安全生产行政许可的范围：矿山企业、建筑施工企业、危险化学品、烟花爆竹、民用爆破器材生产企业。该条例规定的行政许可属于特许许可，而不是前置许可。 (3)企业取得安全生产许可的条件：共13条。国家局对煤矿、非煤矿山、危险化学品生产企业、烟花爆竹生产企业应具备的条件进行了具体化。 (4)安全生产许可的程序。 1、“管生产必须管安全”的原则指工程项目各级领导和全体员工在生产过程中必须坚持在抓生产的同时抓好安全工作。他实现了安全与生产的统一，生产和安全是一个有机的整体，两者不能分割更不能对立起来应将安全寓于生产之中。 4、“五同时”原则企业的生产组织及领导者在计划、布置、检查、总结、评比生产工作的同时，同时计划、布置、检查、总结、评比安全工作。 5、“四不放过”原则事故原因未查清不放过，当事人和群众没有受到教育不放过，事故责任人未受到处理不放过，没有制订切实
1. To discuss the differences between the civil law system and the common law system. ⅠThe original places are different. The civil law system originated in ancient Rome, and the common law system originated in England. ⅡThe main traditional source of the common law is cases, while the main traditional source of the civil law is legislation. ⅢThe civil law system pays more attention to substantive law; the common law system pays more attention to procedural rules. ⅣThe classification of law is different. The civil law is separated into public law and private law, the common law is separated into common law and equity. ⅤSince theory and doctrines is important in legal education of civil law system, professor plays an important role in legal education. on the contrary, cases is the main source of common law, thus the judge's decision is more important. ⅥThe civil procedure is Adversary system (对抗式诉讼),in common law system ,judges take a relatively passive role. Inquisitorial system（纠问式诉讼）, in civil law countries , judges have the power to investigate the case and inquire the parties and the witnesses. 2. To discuss the main differences between American and Chinese law school teaching. ⅠLaw is an undergraduate degree in the china, while in the us is postgraduate degree. ⅡThe teaching method In USA, the teaching method is case method or Socratic method, students instead of the professors play an active role in the class. In China, the professor exposes the law to his students, who take notes and do not intervene in class. ⅢCases vs. Doctrines
安全生产法律法规常识参 考文本 In The Actual Work Production Management, In Order To Ensure The Smooth Progress Of The Process, And Consider The Relationship Between Each Link, The Specific Requirements Of Each Link To Achieve Risk Control And Planning 某某管理中心 XX年XX月
安全生产法律法规常识参考文本 使用指引：此安全管理资料应用在实际工作生产管理中为了保障过程顺利推进，同时考虑各个环节之间的关系，每个环节实现的具体要求而进行的风险控制与规划，并将危害降低到最小，文档经过下载可进行自定义修改，请根据实际需求进行调整与使用。 第一节我国安全生产方针 “安全第一，预防为主”是我国安全生产工作的基本 方针。这在《中华人民共和国安全生产法》中有明确规 定。 一、劳动保护与安全生产 新中国建国之初，我国就明确提出实行劳动保护政 策。即在实施增产节约的同时，必 须注意职工的安全、健康和必不可少的福利事业。 1987年1月26日我国制定的第一部《劳动法（草 案）》规定我国劳动保护的方针是：“安全第一，预防为 主”。20xx年颁布施行的《安全生产法》明确规定：安全 生产管理，坚持“安全第一，预防为主”的方针。
“安全第一，预防为主”的安全生产方针，是在长期工作实践中总结和提炼出来的，既是党和国家对安全生产工作的总要求，也是安全生产工作应遵循的最高准则。 二、在工作中正确理解安全生产方针的含义 安全生产方针可以归纳为以下几方面的内容： (1) 方针突出了“以人为本”的思想。人的生命是最可宝贵的，人的生命权是人的其它一切权利的基础。只有劳动者的安全得到充分的保障，生产才可能顺利进行。 (2) “安全第一”，是相对于生产而言的，即当生产和安全发生矛盾时，必须先解决安全问题，使生产在确保安全的情况下进行。这就是人们常说的“生产必须安全，不安全不得生产”。这是人命关天的大事，劳动者要提高自我保护意识，不要冒险作业。 (3) 在生产活动中，必须用辩证统一的观点去处理好安全与生产的关系。越是生产任务忙，越要重视安全，把安
法律英语考试相关要点 一、三条法谚。 1、Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. 权利导致腐败，绝对的权利绝对的权力导致绝对的腐败。 2、Just as fiduciary law is the constitution of private power, the constitution is the fiduciary law of public power. 正如诚信法是私权力的宪法一样，宪法是公权力的诚信法。 3、Sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants; electric light the most efficient policeman. 阳光据说是是最好的杀毒剂，路灯光是最有效的警察。 阳光据说是消毒剂中最好的；路灯据说是最有效率的警察。 二、Disclosure philosophy. Just as Judge Louis D. Brandeis said,Sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants; electric light the most efficient policeman. Disclosure means a remedy for social and industrial diseases generally and for excessive underwriters' charges specifically. 三、公司治理双重权利模式。 双重权利模式，是指公司治理结构中权力由私权力和公权力两部分组成，私权力必须借助公权力予以制约和监督。 【Abstract】Power allocation is one of the two cores of corporate governance,and scholars have put forth various models of power allocation. Compared with the existing models of power allocation,this paper puts forth a new model of power allocation—dual power model,which is normative,positive,descriptive and predicative. No matter what model of power allocation is adopted,the power of directors and management tends to expand,which has also become a long- lasting logic. The Alibaba Partnership has dedicatedly integrated partnership mechanism and corporate mechanism,and the institutional revolution of corporate governance thus realized also demonstrates the expanding attribute and trend of private power of corporations,and thus the regulation of dual power in corporate governance is necessary. （注：根据张老师在课堂上的讲解，此题的答案需要对他论文摘要的再简写，中文部分是我摘抄老师论文中的原文，详见《公司治理中的权利配置模式再认识》，法学论坛） 四、简述善意原则与诚信原则。（可以用中文） Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to thecorporation and its shareholders. This duty has twocomponents: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudentperson would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all materialinformation reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he or she reasonablybelieves to be in the best interests of the corporation. He or she must not use his or her corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This dutyprohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interestpossessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumedto have been
法律英语模拟试卷 （时间：；地点：教室；方式：闭卷） （考试范围：） 1、两列单词、词组配对（将右列合适的答案的序号填入左列单词、 词组括号前） 涉及单词、词组： case law 案例法 common law legal system 普通法系 delegated legislates 委托/授权立法 attorney 检察官 bar association 律师协会 the Socratic Method 苏格拉底教学法 Associate Justice 助理大法官 separation of power 三权分立 judicial process 司法程序/审判过程 judicial interpretation 司法解释 house counsel 企业法律顾问 obiter dictum 法官判决中的附带意见 due process 法定诉讼/正当程序 stare decisis 遵循先例 concurring opinion 附议意见 case reporter 案例汇编 parallel citation 平行援引 discretion 自由裁量权persuasive precedent有说服力的先例 bill 议案 2、单词与句子配对（填空/名词解释） （12小题） 涉及单词： defendant 被告 adjudicate 判决 review 复审 plaintiff 原告 statutory law成文法 jurist 法学家 legislation 立法 opinion 法官判决意见 constitution 宪法 judgement 判决结果 instrument 法律文件 construction 法律解释 3、改错题（一个句子中有一个拼错的词，要改正） （10小题） 涉及单词、词组：
安全生产法律法规知识有哪些 (一)《安全生产法》相关知识 1、根据《安全生产法》，从业人员享有五项权利 (1)知情、建议权 (2)批评、检举、控告权 (3)合法拒绝权 《安全生产法》第46条规定：“从事人员……有权拒绝违章指挥和强令冒险作业。……生产经营单位不得因从业人员……拒绝违章指挥、强令冒险作业而降低其工资、福利等待遇或者解除与其订立的劳动合同。” (4)遇险停、撤权 《安全生产法》第47条规定：“从业人员发现直接危及人身安全的紧急情况时，有权停止作业或者采取可能的应急措施后撤离作业场所。生产经营单位不得因从业人员在前款紧急情况下停止作业或者采取应急措施而降低其工资、福利等待遇或者解除与其订立的劳动合同。” (5)保(险)外索赔权 2、从业人员的义务 (1)遵章作业的义务 《安全生产法》第49条规定：“从业人员在作业过程中，应当遵守本单位的安全生 (2)佩载和使用劳动防护用品的义务
《安全生产法》第49条规定：“从业人员在生产过程中，应当 正确佩载和使用劳动 防护用品。” 《安全生产法》第50条规定：“从业人员应当接受安全生产教 育和培训，掌握本职 工作所需的安全生产知识，提高安全生产技能，增强事故预防和应急处理能力。 《安全生产法》第50条规定：“从业人员发现事故隐患或者其 它不安全因素，应当 立即向现场安全生产管理人员或者本单位负责人报告;接到报告 的人员应当及时予以处理。” 3、对特种作业人员的规定 《安全生产法》第50条规定：“生产经营单位的特种作业人员 必须按照国家有关规定经专门的安全作业培训，取得特种作业操作 资格证书，方可上岗作业。” 结合《劳动法》的相关规定，特种作业人员必须取得两证才能上岗：一是特种作业资格证(技术等级证)，二是特种作业操作资格证(即安全生产培训合格证)。两证缺一即可视为违法上岗或违法用工。 (二)《劳动法》相关知识 1994年7月5日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会 议通过了《中华人民共和国劳动法》，并于1995年1月10日起施行。特种作业人员需要掌握的《劳动法》中的主要内容是： 2、第55条：“从事特种作业的劳动者必须经过专门培训并取得特种作业资格。” 3、第56条：“劳动者在劳动过程中必须严格遵守安全操作规程。劳动者对用人单位管理人员违章指挥、强令冒险作业，有权拒绝执行;对危害生命安全和身体健康的行为，有权提出批评、检举和控告。
试卷一 本题为单项选择题，限时180分钟。 1. Bill of Rights a. Domestic federal legislation. b. Legal protection against interference of rights by private individuals. c. A popular name given to the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution. d. The federal constitutional provision which grants rights to state governments. 2. Standing a. Abbreviation of “notwithstanding” b. The ability to bring a lawsuit because of a party’s actual injury for which the court can provide a remedy. c. The ripeness of a case or controversy. d. The status of a person, group, or organization appearing as a “friend of the court.” 3. Consideration a. Process of judicial deliberation before rendering a decision in a contested case. b. The lengthy recitals of “boilerplate” lan guage appearing in many contracts. c. The inducement to enter a contract, and a necessary element to prove the validity of a contract. d. The detrimental reliance of an offere e. 4. Promissory Estoppel a. A failure to prosecute a civil or criminal action. b. Power to make an offer to the public rather than a specific individual. c. Equitable doctrine recognized as substitute for consideration in some cases. d. Ability of an agent to bind a principal in matters beyond the scope pf agency.