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常见听力速记符号总结

常见听力速记符号总结
常见听力速记符号总结

常见听力速记符号总结

Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference

Abbreviations in Note taking

Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.

Symbols helpful in math —— these are commonly used in texts and references.

S = sum

f = frequency

Leave out periods in standard abbreviations.

cf = compare

e.g. = example

dept = department

Use only the first syllable of a word.

pol = politics

dem = democracy

lib = liberal

cap = capitalism

Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.

pres = presentation

subj = subject

ind = individual

cons = conservative

Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.

assoc = associate

biol = biology

info = information

ach = achievement

chem = chemistry

max = maximum

intro = introduction

conc = concentration

min = minimum

rep = repetition

Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.

ppd = prepared

prblm = problem

estmt = estimate

bkgd = background

gvt = government

Use an apostrophe in place of letters.

am't = amount

cont'd = continued

gov't = government

educat'l = educational

Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.

chpts = chapters

egs = examples

fs = frequencies

intros = introductions

Use g to represent ing endings.

ckg = checking

estg = establishing

decrg = decreasing

exptg = experimenting

Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.

Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.

Leave out unimportant words.

Leave out the words a and the.

If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.

Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.

& = and

w/ = with

w/o = without

vs = against

\ = therefore

= = is or equal

Use technical symbols where applicable.

zb = German, for example

ibid = Latin, the same work

o = degrees

H2O = water

More reference:

Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:

+ plus

// parallel

Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:

eg example

IT dept Information Technology department

UK United Kingdom

Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples:

mar marketing

cus customer

cli client

Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:

subj subject

budg budget

ind individual

To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy technology

gen'ion generalisation

del'y delivery

Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:

assoc associated

ach achievement

info information

Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd background

mvmt movement

prblm problem

Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customers

fs frequencies

/s ratios

Use 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:

decrg decreasing

ckg checking

estblg establishing

Spell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:

in

but

as

key

Leave out unimportant verbs. Examples:

is

was

were

Leave out unnecessary articles. Examples:

a

an

the

If a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:

January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB

Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples: @ at

2 to

4 for

& and

w/ with

w/o without

vs against

Create your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.

Other Symbols and Abbreviations

as a result of / consequences of <——>

resulting in ——>

and / also +

equal to / same as =

following ff

most importantly *

less than <

greater than > especially esp/

一、缩略词

英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible.很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。

缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:

F拿掉所有元音

MKT: market

MGR: manager

MSG: message

STD: standard

RCV: receive

F保留前几个字母

INFO information

INS insurance

EXCH exchange

I owe you IOU

In stead of I/O

F保留开头和结尾个发音字母

WK week

RM room

PL people

F根据发音

R are

THO though

THRU through

高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表

缩略词原词

APT Apartment

ACC Accountant

ACDG According

ACPT Accept

AD Advertisement

ADS Address

ADV Advice

AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount

APV Approve

ASAP As soon as possible

BAL Balance

BLDG Building

CERT Certificate

CFM Conform

CNCL Cancel

CNF Conference

CMI Commission

CMP Complete

CMPE Compete/competitive

CMU Communication

CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition

CO. Company

DEPT Department

DISC Discount

DPT Departure

EXCH Exchange

EXPLN Explain

EXT Extent

FLT Flight

FNT Final

FRT Freight

FYR For your reference GD Good

GUAR Guarantee

H.O. Home office

INFO Information

IMPS Impossible

IMP(T) Important INCD Include

INDIV Individual

INS Insurance

INTST Interested

I/O In stead of

IOU I owe you

IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture

MDL Model

MEMO Memorandum

MGR Manger

MIN Minimum

MKT Market

MSG Message

NCRY Necessary

NLT No later than

OBS Observe

OBT Obtain

ORD Ordinary

PAT Patent

PC Piece

PKG Packing

PL People

PLS Please

POSN Position

POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product

QLTY Quality

QUTY Quantity

RCV Receive

REF Reference

REGL Regular

REP Representative RESN Reservation

RPT Repeat

RESPON Responsible

SEC Section

SITN Situation

STD Standard

TEL Telephone

TEMP Temporary

TGM Telegraph

THO Though

TKS Thanks

TRD Trade

TRF Traffic

TTL Total

U You

UR Your

WK Week

WL Will

WT Weight

XL Extra large

三、箭头

g 表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to etc.

表示导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.

表示屈服:submit to

f 表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc.

表示追溯到:come/go back to,originate

h 表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc.

表示发射、投放市场、发行:launch,open, start, etc.

表示发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc

表示"波折":ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.

四、数学符号

+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.

++(+2)表示"多"的比较级:more

+3 表示"多"的最高级:most

-表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.

× 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.

> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.

表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.

< 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.

表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.

= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same

as,be equal to, etc.

表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.

()表示"在……之间":among, within, etc.

≠ 表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.

表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.

~表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.

/ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.

五、标点等

: 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.

? 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?

. (dot)这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago."y"表示this year, "y2." two year later"next week", 可以表示为"wk."

∧ 表示转折

√ 表示"好的"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.

表示"同意"状态,stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.

☆ 表示"重要的"状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.

n 表示"交流"状态:exchange,mutual, etc.

& 表示"和","与":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.

∥ 表示"结束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.

六、较长单词的处理办法

-ism 简写为 m 例如:socialism Sm

-tion 简简写为 n 例如:standardization (标准化) stdn

-cian 简简写为 o 例如:technician techo

-ing 简写为 g 例如:marketing (市场营销) MKTg

-ed 简写为 d 例如:accepted acptd

-able/ible/ble 简写为 bl 例如:available avbl

-ment 简写为 mt 例如:amendment amdmt

-ize 简写为 z 例如:recognize regz

-ful 简写为 fl 例如:meaningful mnfl

二、字母、图像

Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:JZ。

C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government,

所以就用C来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 CZ P 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 PZ

E 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。

G 表示效率:efficient, effective。G为效率符号。

Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。

A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。

B 表示商业:business。

C× 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。

W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。

i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。

U U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。

O 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口,Og表示出口

这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over。那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.

T 表示"领导人":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT

⊙ 圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium k 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。

θ圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.

J 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc.

L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.

EO 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.

O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc.

口译笔记速记符号归总(二)

口译笔记速记符号归总(二)

一、缩略词 英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible.很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。 缩略词的写法一般为四种方式: F拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive F保留前几个字母 INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people F根据发音 R are THO though THRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve

ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DEPT Department DISC Discount DPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN Explain EXT Extent FLT Flight FNT Final FRT Freight FYR For your reference GD Good GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you

专四听力常用速记符号

专四听力常用速记符号 c.f. : compare e.g. : example dept: department max: maximum min: minimum bkgd: background gvt : government // : parallel <---:as a result / consequence of --->: resulting in = : equal to / same as *: important msg: message std: standard rcv: receive wk: week rm: room ad: advertisement z: people/person co: company etc: and so on esp: especially ie: that is ≈: about, approximate, or so, ↑: increase↓: decrease∈:belong V: victory ↗: development >< conflict, confrontation <<: difficulty ⊙: conference, meeting ∞: communication⊥: disagreement, discrepancy ∽: in stead of △: stand for ?:question ∧: but, however ( ):among, within, etc tm: time ∵: by reason that, because, owing to, inasmuch as; on the score of; in so much as; considering that; now that ∴: therefore, so; consequently + : many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. (++(+2):more, +3:most) -: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc. ×:wrong/incorrect,something bad √: right/good >:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, superior to,surpass, etc. <:less/smaller,inferior to,etc. =: means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc. ::say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. . (dot) 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。"y"表示this year, "y2." two year later "next week", 可以表示为"wk." & :and,together with,along with,accompany,further more,etc. 1

口译笔记速记符号归总

口译笔记速记符号归总 一、做口译笔记时的注意事项 1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。 2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。 3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。 4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语,例如:cf(compare),Co(company),eg(for example),etc(and so on),esp(especially),ie(that is),max(maximum),min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard),usu(usually),等。 二、常用速记符号 速记是一项特殊的技巧,速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。 口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。 人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。 in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics

英语听力速记符号张腾归纳

英语听力速记符号张腾总结

1.表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to etc. 2.表示导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc. 3.表示屈服:submit to 1.表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 2.表示追溯到:come/go back to,originate 1.表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 2.表示发射、投放市场、发行:launch,open, start, etc. 3.表示发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen,promote, etc 表示“波折”:ups and downs, twists and turns, etc. 常用速记数学符号汇编 +表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. ++(+2)表示“多”的比较级:more +3表示“多”的最高级:most -表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc. ×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念: wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious, negative, etc. > 1.表示“多于”概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.

速记符号汇总

口译笔记速记符号归总 [1] Note-taking symbols and abbreviations [2] 关于缩略词 [3] 关于字母和图像 [4] 用箭头、数学符号、标点符号来表示 1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of letters.

高中英语听力技巧与常用词汇

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速记讲义(专业符号)

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R :are THO: though THRU: through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表 缩略词原词 APT :Apartment ACC: Accountant ACDG :According ACPT: Accept AD :Advertisement ADS :Address ADV: Advice AMAP :As much/many as possible AMT: Amount APV :Approve ASAP :As soon as possible BAL :Balance BLDG :Building CERT Certificate CFM :Conform CNCL :Cancel

CNF: Conference CMI :Commission CMP :Complete CMPE :Compete/competitive CMU :Communication CONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :Condition CO. :Company DEPT: Department DISC :Departure EXCH: Exchange EXPLN: Explain EXT: Extent FLT :Final FRT: Freight FYR :For your reference GD :Good GUAR :Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO :Information IMPS :Impossible IMP(T): Important

速记符号

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常用速记符号和方法

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英语听力速记符号

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中口速记符号

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常用速记符号

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partC英语听力速记技巧

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英语口译笔记速记符号大全

英语口译笔记速记符号大全 一.缩写词: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time 1.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative

Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro= introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of letters. am't = amount cont'd = continued gov't = government educat'l = educational Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examples

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