Unit8 Adventure-语法篇
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
1、认识，理解并掌握现在完成进行时
2、辨析现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
3、熟悉现在完成时和相关的时间状语
一、课时重点
1. 我们用现在完成进行时表示：
过去开始的反复或正在进行的动作。
例如：
I've been going everywhere by bike for the last two years.
最近的过去开始的对现在有影响的动作。
例如：
He's been doing his science project all night。
（that's why he is so sleepy now）
形式：
现在完成进行时的构成是：主语+have/has+been+doing
You have been studying very hard.
Has Steve been complaining about it?
2. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的辨析：
我们用现在完成时描述一个完成的动作（成果），用现在完成进行时谈论未完成的动作，例如：
I have read Hamlet （我已经读过了）
I have been reading Hamlet （我还没读完，一直在读）
现在完成时关注动作的结果，特别是谈到数字或数量时；现在完成进行时关注动作本身，特别是解释动作可见的结果时。
例如：
He has run 3 miles. （强调跑完的距离）
He has been running for an hour. （强调动作和结果，如：过去的一个小时干了什么，以及现在为什么这么累）
3. 现在完成时和时间状语
现在完成时一般使用下列时间状语：before, ever, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, just 其中，already用于陈述句中，一般放在have后；yet用于疑问和否定句中，通常放在句末。
例如：
I have already repaired my bike.
Have you repaired your bike yet?
I haven't repaired my bike yet.
关于for和since
for用于说明动作的时间长度，例如：
I haven't seen him for ten years.
since用于说明动作的起点，例如：
I haven't seen him since 1990.
1. —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? —Sorry, I________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A．hadn’t made B．wouldn’t make C．don’t make D．haven’t made
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——抱歉，我不太明白你的意思。
你刚才是说你们要在9月20日返回吗？——对不起，是我没有表述清楚。
我们要在10月20日返回。
本题考查动词的时态。
根据句意可以看出“没有表述清楚”是当前的一种情况，是说话人做过的事情对现在的一种影响，D 项是现在完成时，表明现在的情况和影响，符合题意。
A项为过去完成时，B项表示过去常常，与语境不符；C项为一般现在时，表示通常情况下都如此，也不符合语境。
此题题干虽然不长，但是交代的信息是比较复杂的，从第一句可知在说话以前，后者可能说“我想在9月20日返回”，但是他自己不确定，所以追问，而后者由于自己表达不清楚而表示歉意，重点强调“我们想在10月20日返回”。
这个微型的语境综合性很强，把时态的考查寓于巧妙的情景交际中。
2. We ________on th is project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working
B. have been working
C. worked
D. had worked
【答案】B
【解祈】考查时态辨析。
由“for four hours”可知，我们一直忙于这个项目有四个小时了，并且由后一句Let’s have a rest. 可知还没有最终完成这个项目，时态用现在完成进行时。
The project was begun four hours ago and we have been doing it since then. So we are very tired and we need a rest badly，所以选项为B。
3. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _________ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made
B. was made
C. has been made
D. would be made 【答案】C
【解析】over the past years是现在完成时明显标志，考生可以直接入选。
虽然翻译成“在过去的几年中”，但实际上还是指从过去截至到现在，也应该用现在完成时。
4. --- So what is the procedure?
--- All the applicants _________ before a final decision is made by the authority.
A. interview
B. are interviewing
C. are interviewed
D. are being interviewed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态语态，首先是被采访，所以只能选C和D，根据句意判断，没有“正在被采访”的意思，所以排除D，选C。
记住：进行时表动作正在进行一般都很形象，上下文语境中通常有标志性词，如hurry up、look、listen等，再者就是用进行来表示语气情感加强，如麦当劳的广告语“I’m loving it”，译为“我就喜欢”。
5.Now that we ____ all the money, it's no use turning on me and saying it's all my fault.
A. had lost
B. lost
C. have lost
D. lose
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的时态。
根据句子的意思，表示发生在过去的动作对现在所产生的影响，所以应该用现在完成时。
此句的意思是“由于我把所有的钱都丢失了，所以再开始说是我的过错也就没有意义了”。
基础演练
一.单选
1. The twins, who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
A. will finish
B. finish
C. have finished
D. had finished
2. ---Hi, let‘s go skating.
--- Sorry, I‘m busy right now. I ___ in an application form for a new job.
A. fill
B. have filled
C. am filling
D. will fill
3. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.
A. by
B. in
C. for
D. until
4. --- What time is it?
--- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A. check
B. checked
C. will check
D. would check
5. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A. started
B. was starting
C. would start
D. had started
6. Unless extra money____, the theatre will close.
A. was found
B. finds
C. is found
D. found
7. The reports went missing in 2019 and nobody ______ them since.
A. sees
B. saw
C. has seen
D. had seen
8. —Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and .
A. stayed
B. stay
C. had stayed
D. am staying
9. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try
B. have been trying
C. are trying
D. will try
10. Whenever you a present, you should think about it from the receiver‘s point of view.
A. bought
B. have bought
C. will buy
D. buy
巩固提高
二. 根据上下文, 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Peter was (1) _______ (walk) back home from school, thinking about the class today. It was about giving first aid. (2) _______ (sudden) he saw a young girl lying on the ground. She seemed to be
(3) _______ (sleep), but Peter saw that her face was very pale. He walked up to the girl and called
(4) _______ (soft), “Miss? Miss?” She moved (5) _______ (slight), but gave no clear (6) _______ (respond). He put his hand under her leg, and blood was flowing out. She might have been hit by a car. He knew what he should do next. He diale d “120” and called an ambulance. While waiting for it, he took out his handkerchief and tried to stop the (7) _______ (bleed). Then he put the girl in the
(8) _______ (recover) position by rolling her onto one side and placing her left upper arm under her chin. “She’ll be all right,” he thought when the ambulance arrived five minutes later.
答案：
一. 单选1-5 DCBCD 6-10 CCABD
二. 根据上下文, 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1) walking2) Suddenly3) asleep4) softly
5) slightly6) response 7) bleeding8) recovery
一.单选
1. —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well, the media _____ it in a variety of forms.
A. cover
B. will cover
C. have covered
D. covered
2. ----Tony , why are your eyes red ?
---I up peppers for the last five minutes .
A. cut
B. was cutting
C. had cut
D. have been cutting
3. Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we______.
A. will expect
B. are expecting
C. expect
D. had expected
4. They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.
A. bought
B. would buy
C. have bought
D. had bought
5. During his stay in Xi‘an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,
A. would recommend
B. had recommended
C. have recommended
D. were recommending
6. She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A. phoned
B. had phoned
C. was phoning
D. has phoned
7. We won‘t start the work until all the preparations ______.
A. are being made
B. will be made
C. have been made
D. had been made
8. Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _____ most of the
guests before.
A. has seen
B. had seen
C. saw
D. would see
9. You‘d better write down her phone number before you ___ it .
A. forget
B. are forgetting
C. forgot
D. will gorget
10. James has just arrived, but I didn‘t know he ___until yesterday.
A. will come
B. was coming
C. had come
D. came
答案：1-5.CDDBB BAB
二、根据中文意思补全句子
1. 恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。
The bad weather _______ _______ our difficulties.
2. 我宁愿看杂志也不愿意出去。
I _______ _______ read magazines rather than go out.
3. 让我惊讶的是, 他昨天居然出现在我的生日晚会上。
To my surprise, he _______ _______ at my birthday party yesterday.
4. 中国的高速发展给外宾留下了深刻的印象。
The foreign guests _______ _______ with China’s rapid development.
5. 我们的粮食快用完了,我们感到很无助。
The supply of our food almost _______ _______ and we felt helpless.
答案：
1. added to
2. prefer to
3. turned up
4. are impressed
5. ran out
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. 单选
1. V olunteering gives you a chance_________ lives, including your own.
A. change
B. changing
C. changed
D. to change
2. Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs _________ you could have problems
A. or
B. and
C. but
D. so
3. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _________ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made
B. was made
C. has been made
D. would be made
4. _________ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A. Find
B. Finding
C. To find
D. Found
5. --- Do you think Mom and Dad _________ late? --- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.
A. were
B. will be
C. would be
D. have been
6. I have an appointment _________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
A. to
B. off
C. with
D. from
7. Many countries are now setting up national parks _________ animals and plants can be protected.
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
8. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _________us.
A. expect
B. are expecting
C. have expected
D. will expect
9. When we saw the road _________with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A. block
B. to block
C. blocking
D. blocked
10. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _________I wanted to hire a car.
A. in case
B. even if
C. ever since
D. if only
11. _________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A. That
B. What
C. Who
D. Which
12. --- So what is the procedure?
--- All the applicants _________ before a final decision is made by the authority.
A. interview
B. are interviewing
C. are interviewed
D. are being interviewed
13. Experts believe _________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A. why
B. where
C. that
D. what
14. If we _________ a table earlier, we couldn’t be st anding here in a queue.
A. have booked
B. booked
C. book
D. had booked
15. --- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain.--- Well, I don’t know. It ________do.
A. might
B. need
C. would
D. should
答案：1—5 DACBB6—10 CDBDA11—15 BCCDA
2. 完形填空
The whole family objected (反对) strongly when I said I was going to Europe over the Christmas holidays with a college friend of mine. Mother said that 16there was going to be a family reunion (团聚), I really ought to 17.Although I always18these occasions (场合), nobody could persuade me to 19my mind.
A week before Christmas, my friend and I 20to Madrid and then travelled by train through Spain, France and Germany. On Christmas Eve we arrived 21 a small town in southern Germany and were greatly 22to find so much activity in the town. The streets were crowded with people, and the shops were full of all kinds of 23things. We walked around for hours and just before the midnight we went to listen to Christmas 24sung by children around the 25lighted tree in the main square. We returned to our 26late that night, looking forward to the next day when we planned to have Christmas 27at the best
28in the town.
However, in the morning 29people were to be seen in the street. To make the matter 30, every shop was 31up tight, even the restaurants. We searched32for hours and 33had to return to our hotel feeling unhappy and34. Our Christmas meal was a bag of fruit that my friend had happened to buy the day before. Our thought sadly turned to home. At that moment, our families must have been 35us a“Merry Christmas”!
16. A. once B. since C. while D. unless
17. A. work hard B. have a rest C. leave home D. stay at home
18. A. enjoyed B. disliked C. took D. joined
19. A. accept B. advise C. change D. make
20. A. walked B. ran C. flew D. swam
21. A. in B. at C. to D. for
22. A. moved B. surprised C. motivated D. interested
23. A. important B. necessary C. useful D. interesting
24. A. records B. songs C. dances D. radios
25. A. brightly B. heavily C. sadly D. happily
26. A. street B. home C. hotel D. house
27. A. dinner B. presents C. fruit D. cards
28. A. house B. shop C. office D. restaurant
29. A. many B. no C. some D. other
30. A. better B. worse C. bigger D. easier
31. A. filled B. opened C. closed D. made
32. A. uselessly B. carelessly C. friendly D. hardly
33. A. in fact B. really C. soon D. finally
34. A. lonely B. funny C. friendly D. worried
35. A. telling B. wishing C. shouting D. crying
答案：
16—20 BDACC21—25 BBDBA26—30 CADBB31—35 CADAB
3. 书面表达
下图描述的是你的一段亲身经历, 请据此为一英文报纸写一篇文章。
文章必须包括图画所要表现的内容, 可以适当发挥, 以使故事连贯、完整。
字数: 100字左右。
答案：
It was my mother’s birthday. I decided to buy her a present. Then I went to the large department store in our city.
There were many customers in the store. When I was looking for a present for Mother, I
suddenly saw a thin and pale young man slowly putting his hand into the handbag of a well-dressed lady, who was selecting some clothes.
I looked around, hoping to find a security guard nearby. But there was none. I thought if I shouted “Catch thief!”right now, the thief might withdraw his empty hand from the handbag and I would have no evidence against him; but if I acted too slowly, he would probably have passed the stolen purse to his friend in the crowd. While thinking and hesitating what to do, I saw the hand taking away the purse from the handbag. At this moment, I rushed toward him and grasped his hand with all my strength and shouted “Catch the thief!”at the top of my voice.
All eyes turned to us. Very soon came a guard, and he took away the thief. The lady got back her purse and thanked me a dozen times. I went on to look for a present for Mother.。
