一花一叶
1一叶一世界 高二英语Unit 9单词讲解
1. issue vt. 发出，发表，发行，发给
句型： issue sth. to sb. 或 issue sb with sth, 表示“把……发给某人”
eg. The school issued uniforms to the players. 学校给运动员发运动服。
The convicts were issued with new clothing. 犯人们发了新衣服。
A joint communiqué was issued on March 20.三月二十日发表了联合公报。
作为不及物动词，后接from ，表示“从……流出”“来自”
eg. The stream issued from the bottom of the hill.小溪从山底流出。
Smoke issues from the chimney.烟从烟囱冒出。
A sound of laughter issued from the adjoining room. 笑声从隔壁的房间里飘出来。
n. (书刊的) 期号，版本，发行，分配，问题，争议，结果，流出等，是可数名词
eg. Have you seen the latest issue of the magazine? 你有没有读过这家杂志的最新一期？
There was no issue at all between us.我们之间毫无争论。
The great issue today is whether there will be war or peace.
今天最大的争议是战争还 和平。
No one knows what the final issue will be. 没有人知道最终结局如何。
A nose-bleed is an issue of blood from the nose.鼻衄就是鼻孔流血。
短语：at issue 待决定，讨论
eg. The point at issue is whether you are willing to go abroad.
有待决定的情况是你是否愿意出国。
2. summarize vt.&vi. 概括，总结
n. summary 摘要，概要，提纲，归纳。
eg. (1) The situation is perhaps best summarized in two brief sentences as follows.
局势也许可以用下面两句简短的话加以概括。
(2) It may be summarized in the following outline.
这可以用下面的提纲简短地加以概括。
(3) I will summarize what I have done and want to do.
我将总结一下我已经做的和将要做的事。
(4) A summary of each article is given at its end.
每篇文章结尾都附有概要。
(5) The history book had a summary at the end of each chapter.
那本历史书的每章结尾都附有概要。
3. content. n. 内容，里面的东西
(1) I like the style of this book, but I don’t like the content.
我喜欢这本书的文笔，但不喜欢这本书的内容。
(2) Empty out contents of your purse.
把你钱包里的东西倒空。
adj. 满足的，高兴的。多用作表语，不作定语
be content to do sth; be content with sth.
eg. I am quite content to remain where I am now. 我十分愿意保持现状。
Mary seems content to sit in front of the television all night.
玛丽看来乐意在电视前坐一夜。
I’m perfectly content with my present salary. 我对自己目前的工资满意。 一花一叶
2一叶一世界 vt. 使满足(to satisfy, to make …happy)
eg. John contented himself with one glass of wine.
Simple praise is enough to content him. 简单的赞扬足以使他满足。
4. representative
(1) n. a person who has been chosen to act in place of one or more others 代表；代理人
eg. I couldn’t be present myself, but I sent my representative to the meeting.
我本人不能亲自出席，可我派了代表出席会议。
They are demanding to have a representative of the workers on the board.
他们正在要求董事会设一名工人代表。
(2) adj. typical, consisting of elected deputies 典型的，代表性
eg. Are your opinions representative of those of the other students?
你们的意见代表其他的学生吗？
5. access n. 接近，进入，通路
access 表示“进入的方法或道路”“能接近”“了解”或“使用”等意思，是不可数名词，后接介词to
(1) There is no access to the house from the main road.
这条干道没有到那间房子的通道。
(2) The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track.
进入此建筑物的惟一方法是沿着泥泞小路走。
(3) Students need easy access to books. 学生们需要便于使用图书的机会。
(4) Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.
只有少数人了解这个案件的全部真相。
6. poverty n. 贫穷，贫困，贫乏，缺乏，低劣，劣质
eg. She had been worn down by poverty and illness. 她贫病交加，受尽折磨。
There are thousands of people living in poverty.有成千上万的人生活在贫困之中。
There are still too many people living below the poverty line.
生活在贫困线以下的人数仍然很多。
His works was criticized for its poverty of imagination.他的作品因缺乏想像力而受到批评。
7. violence n. 暴力，侵犯，猛烈，强烈
eg. Many people say too much violence is shown on television.
许多人都说电视上出现的暴力镜头太多。
They are exerting ever greater violence against the environment.
他们正在更为大肆地破坏环境。
The wind blew with great violence. 风刮得很猛。
* do violence to sth. 违背/反某事物；损/破坏
eg. It would do violence to his principles to eat meat.吃肉与他的原则相违背。
These modern boxlike buildings do violence to the beauty of the old city.
这些盒式的现代建筑物破坏了这座古城之美。
adj. violent 厉害的，猛烈的，暴行的
eg. People in this society are prepared to be violent. 这个社会里的人随时准备使用暴力。
We have been going through violent changes the past couple of years.
过去几年里我们经历了强烈的变化。
8. stress vt. 强调（说） 一花一叶
3一叶一世界 (1) She stressed the need for careful speeding of using money. 她强调用钱必须慎重。
(2) To stress something is to call special attention to it. 强调某事就是唤起人们特别注意它。
(3) He stressed that everybody must arrive on time.他强调说每个人都必须按时到达。
n. 强调，压力，重力
(1) My parents lay great stress on honesty. 我的父母特别强调要诚实。
(2) He does not like the stress of life in a big city. 他不喜欢大城市生活的紧张。
(3) The child’s headache may be caused by stress. 那个孩子的头痛可能是紧张造成的。
(4) The limb could not bear up under the stress of heavy snow.
那个大树承受不了大雪的压力。
9. equality n. 平等，相同
eg. Women are still struggling for true equality.妇女仍然在争取与男人真正平等
Equality does not guarantee happiness in love.平等并不能保证爱情一定幸福。
10. fairness 公平 反义unfair adj. 公平的，还不错，浅色的（头发等），清楚的
eg. Everyone must have a fair share. 人人都应该获得公平的份额。
His knowledge of French is fair, but ought to be better.
他的法语知识还不错，但应当更好些。
The weather will be fair tomorrow.明天天气晴朗。
All this is fair enough, but it touches only the surface of the problem.
这一切都说得对，但所触及的只是表面问题。
Mary is a fair-haired girl.玛丽是一位金发女郎。
It is not fair to kick another player in football.在足球赛中踢对方球员是不公平的。
There must be fair play in this competition.这次竞赛必须公平。
They will win the election by fair means or foul(=in any way, honest or dishonest)
他们不择手段想要取得选举的胜利。
It is unfair to accuse anyone without evidence.没有证据指控一个人是不公平的。
11. duty 与 responsibility 辨析
(1) duty 指“道义上的责任”，比较强调自觉性和作为一种义务的永恒性，是不可数名词。
eg.Every citizen has the duty of defending his country. 每个公民都有保卫祖国的责任。
We are in duty bound to help the needy. 帮助贫困者，我们义不容辞。
（2）responsibility 强调“职责”，含有在法律上对后果负责的意味，是不可数名词。
With so many reports to mislead one, it is hard to say at whose door the responsibility
should be laid. 报告多得叫人摸不着头脑，很难说责任该由谁来负。
He refused all responsibility for the mistake. 他对这一错误拒绝承担任何责任。
在指具体“职务、任务”时，两词有时可以通用，这时它们是可数名词。
Both officers and men have discharged their responsibilities （duties）.
官兵们都很好地完成了他们的任务。
12. prosper v.兴旺，成功；健康成长，顺利发展
eg. The business is prospering.生意兴隆。
The farmers prospered.农民们兴旺发达了。
May the gods prosper our city! 愿神灵保佑我们的城市繁荣昌盛！
n. prosperity 发达，兴隆，昌盛，繁荣
eg. We wish you health, happiness and prosperity. 我们谨祝你们健康、幸福和繁荣昌盛。
The increase in the country’s prosperity was due to the discovery of oil.
该国经济之日趋繁荣是由于发现了石油的缘故。
