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牛津高中英语模块五第二单元 The environment

牛津高中英语模块五第二单元The environment

胡玉杰Ma Chang Middle School, Shu Yang County Jiangsu

一，key words and expressions

1.economy n 经济（情况）经济体

adj. 经济的，廉价的，便宜的，不昂贵的

节约的，节俭的

拓展：economic adj 经济学的国家经济状态的，经济的

economics n 经济学国家经济状态

economist n 经济学家，经济专家

economize vt/vi 节俭节约

market economy [经]市场经济

national economy 国民经济

socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济

world economy [经]世界经济

planned economy 计划经济

2.debate n/vi/vt讨论辩论

A fierce debate on the tax cut was going on.

一场围绕着减税的辩论正在激烈进行中。

及物动词vt.

1) 辩论,讨论,争论[+wh-]

They debated the question openly.

他们公开辩论这个问题。

2) 与...辩论

3) 思考,盘算[+wh-]

She debated whether to accept his invitation.

她考虑是否接受他的邀请。

不及物动词vi.

1) 辩论,讨论,争论

We debated on the question till late into the night.

我们就这个问题辩论到深夜。

2）参加辩论

3）思考[(+with)]

debating

It is an excellent idea to encourage them to join a school debating society. 鼓励他们加入学校的辩论社是个绝佳的主意。

...debating skills.

辩论技巧

3.cut back on 减少削减缩减

喊cut的短语

cut off 切断；中断；使死亡；剥夺继承权

cut down v. 削减；砍倒；杀死；删节；胜过

cut in 插嘴；超车；插入

cut into v. 打断；侵犯

cut out 切断；删去；停止；关掉

cut back 削减；修剪；（美）倒叙；[球]急忙返回

cut short v. 缩短；打断；缩减

cut from 从…上切下

cut through 刺穿；抄近路走过

cut down on 削减，减少

cut up vt. 切碎；抨击

cut back on 削减，缩减；减低

cut on v. 很快向前走；赶路

short cut 短路，捷径；快捷方式

cut away 切掉，砍掉

tax cut 减税

power cut 供电中断，停电

cut across 抄近路通过；径直穿过；打断

cut flower n. 切花，鲜切花；插瓶花

cut out for 适合于，准备；与……相配合

4.responsibility n 责任，责任

responsible adj be responsible for sb/sth 对…….负责

responsible for sb doing sth对…….负责responsibly adv 合乎理性地，信赖地

Expressions

1. follow our usual schedule 遵循往常的日程

2. open the floor for discussion 自由发言

3. as well 也

4.make us sick 让我们生病

5.live on 以…..为生/食

6 grow to / climb to/ rise to/increase to 增长至

grow by / rise by/ increase by 增长了

7.cut back/ down on 减少

8.at the same time 同时

9 This room is twice bigger than that one. 这个房间是那个的三倍大。

This room is three times as big as that one.

This room is three times the size of that one.

10 be concerned about/ for concern oneself about / for 担心

11 be concerned with/in 与……有关

12 be responsible for (doing) sth 对……负责

13 see/ consider/ regard/ treat/ think of sb as 把……视为

14 pay（slightly）higher prices for 为……付更多的钱

15.ask around 四处打听

16 be willing to do sth. 乐意干某事

17 recycled material ( 可回收的材料)

18do harm to = be harmful to = do damage to 对……有害

19 run across= run into = come across 偶遇

20 so/as long as…; if only… 只要。。。。。。

21 personally (speaking),… 就我个人而言，。。。。。。

22 cause damage to… 对。。。。。。造成破坏/损害

key sentences

1.…and discuss w hich problems are caused by nature and which ones are caused by man.

讨论一下哪些问题是自然造成的，哪些又是人为因素。

⑴nature

A.自然，大自然（不可数名词, 不可用冠词the修饰）

You can not go against nature. 你不能违背自然。

Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。

B.by nature 天生地

She is by nature a happy person. 她天生乐观。

Man is taller than woman. 男子比女子高。

2.Then we will open the floor for discussion. 然后我们将展开自由谈论。

句中the floor为“发言权”

After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor.

他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。

The President then took the floor and answered the journali sts’ questions.

总统随后讲话并回答了记者的提问。

3.If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to voice them.

如果大家有任何疑问或评论，可以利用这个时间段来提出。

voice (v.) 表达，吐露

Yesterday morning in the city in the USA, a crowd of dustmen went on strike to voice complaint about their low-pay.

昨天上午在美国一个城市，大批清洁工举行罢工，以表达他们对工资的不满。

I dared not voice my dissatisfaction. 我不敢表达我的不满。

4. These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.

这些捕捞船未等鱼儿产卵就大量捕捉他们。

⑴large numbers of 许多，大量，加复数名词，相当于a large number of , a great / good

many

Large numbers of whales have been killed by these Japanese ships.

这些日本捕捞船已经杀死了许多鲸鱼。

Numbers of people came to the meeting from all over the country.

全国各地许多人来参加这个会议。

⑵lay eggs 下蛋，产卵

A turtle lays many eggs at a time.

乌龟一次下许多蛋。

To kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.

杀鸡取卵；自绝财源。

5. The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.

与1800年相比世界人口已经增长了六倍。

⑴population 人口

The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.

中国人口比日本人口多得多。

About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.

整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。

⑵grow by“增加了，净增了”，类似表达increase by, rise by等

Sales of new cars in that country grew by 20 percent this year.

那个国家今年的新车销售量增加了百分之二十。

It is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has increased / risen by 60 percent in the last two years.

这座城市居民的收入在过去的两年里增加了百分之六十，这让人感到惊讶。

⑶grow to “增加到”。类似表达法还有increase to, rise to, climb to （注意介词to和by在

表达上的区别。）

The number of students at the college has grown to over 5,000.

这所学院的学生数已经增长到5,000人。

The price has increased to an unbelievable number.

价格攀升到令人难以置信的水平。

6. It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.

很显然，你非常关心现阶段的环境状况。

concern (v.) 关系到，与……有关，关于；担心，关心

词组be concerned about / with / for / over …对…关心；

另外be concerned with …可以表示“与…有关”

The news concerns your sister.

这条消息与你姐姐有关。

I am not concerned with the matter any longer.

我不再与此事有关了。

7. As a business development consultant, I’m seen as being against the environment.

作为一名企业发展资讯顾问，我常常被人视为反对环保的。

see…as… “将……视为”

After his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.

在他的第一部小说出版后不久，他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。

注意相似结构的总结：

regard … as …look on … as …

think of … as …recognize … as …

describe … as …consider … as …

8.Asking around, I find many people willing to pay a little higher prices for things that are

environmentally friendly.

我征询过周围很多人的意见，发现他们当中很多愿意花费稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。

⑴ask around 四处打听

I will ask around and see if anyone can help.

我要四处打听一下，看有没有人能够帮忙。

⑵asking around为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句when I ask around

同样的情况有：

Take care while crossing the street. (while you cross the street)

Wandering through the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. (while I was wandering through the street)

9.Just keep in mind that you should not make a final decision until you have read or listened

to both sides…

记住要听了两边的发言后才可作出最后的评判。

⑴keep / carry … in mind 记住

I have tried to keep this advice in mind when writing this book.

在写这本书的时候，我尽量将这条建议记住。

There is one thing you must always carry in mind.

有一件事你必须一直记住。

与mind相关词组

make up one’s mind下决心speak one’s mind说真心话

make 搭配词组make a decision 做出决定

make a study 做研究make a mistake犯错误

make a choice做出选make a trip旅行

keep one’s mind on / upon专心注意，聚精会神

10. My dad says he doesn’t mind a little bit of pollution, as long as it means people have jobs.

父亲说并不介意一点儿污染，只要人们有工作就行。

⑴as / so long as 只要…（就）…

I don’t care, so long as she lets me be with her son.

我并不在意，只要她让我和她儿子在一起。

As /So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.

只要你快乐，做什么并不重要。

试比较：

This rule is as long as that one. 这把尺与那把一样长。

11. As a result, you impressed the audience. 结果，你给听众留下了印象。

impress印上,给留有…印象

He impressed his seal in the pot.

他把私章印在罐上。

His words are strongly impressed on/upon my memory.

他的话给我留下了很深的印象。

I was very impressed by / at / with his performance.

他的表演给我留下了深刻的印象。

Reading随堂练习

1. The problem of p________ arises along with the rapid development of industry.

2. Be careful! That ladder is not s________.

3. National Day is a________. We are all looking forward to it.

4. Sunshine and water are b________ to living things.

5. Taking care of a family is a big r________.

6. There was a d________ on whether to expand inner-city construction in the city government.

7. He claimed that this drug is also e________ in treating headaches.

8. The flood caused serious d________ to the railway.

9. Army officers said the _________ (形势) was under control.

10. You can’t ignore the fact that the world’s ________ (经济) is suffering.

11. He is fond of the ________ (气氛) of peace and calm in the country.

12. I have checked out all the ________ (数字) and found them to be correct.

13. I gave the computer a thorough ________ (检查) before buying it.

14. ________ (生产) of the goods must fit in with the needs of society.

Key:

1. pollution

2. stable

3. approaching

4. beneficial / basic

5. responsibility

6. debate

7. effective

8. destruction / damage

9. situation 10. economy 11. atmosphere 12. figures

13. inspection 14. Production

1. The man ________ (speak) at the meeting now is from the south.

2. The bridge ________ (build) now is said to be finished next year.

3. Every morning I see the old man ________ (walk) in the park.

4. Before ________ (admit) to the university, he was a farmer.

5. The boy was __________ (disappoint), so I didn’t believe him.

6. While ________ (clean) the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly.

7. Generally ________ (speak), he is a good student.

8. Those naughty boys were caught ________ (steal) apples in the supermarket again.

9. ________ (repair), the swimming pool isn’t open to the public these days.

10. ________ (finish) doing his homework, he began to watch TV.

Key:1. speaking 2. being built 3. walk 4. being admitted5. disappointing 6. cleaning 7. speaking 8. stealing 9. Being repaired 10. Having finished

(完整word)牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译

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高中英语牛津英语模块10unit1 单选选修十

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牛津高中英语模块一

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