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2013年考研英语全真模拟题年考研英语全真模拟题（（二）
来源来源：：高学网教学研发中心高学网教学研发中心
Part I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and Mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Many industries have good reason for caution at the moment, given the fears of a "double dip" in the world economy. But the mood in aviation, __1__ among the aircraftmakers, remains __2__. This week Airbus produced new long-range forecasts, predicting that a __3__ of vigorous emerging-market growth and the need to __4__ ageing and inefficient planes in the rich countries will mean a demand, between now and 2030, for almost 28,000 large aircraft worth $3.5 trillion.
The aircraftmakers' __5__ about the emerging world is based on what appears to be an iron law of aviation: rising numbers of urban middle-class people will mean rising demand for air travel, __6__ short-term downturn the economy suffers. Since the 1970s, __7__ oil shocks, Middle East wars, terrorist attacks and disease outbreaks, the number of passenger-miles flown seems always to have __8__ back to its long-term growth __9__. At the moment Airbus __10__there are 39 "megacities" worldwide whose airports __11__ more than 10,000 long-haul passengers a day. In 20 years it expects there to be almost 90 such cities, many of them in Asia.
There is still plenty of __12__ for growth in the rich world too, but a second important __13__of demand for new planes in these countries will be airlines' desire to __14__ on fuel and maintenance costs, especially __15__ new taxes on emissions come into __16__, by __17__ their old crates for shiny new planes. Airbus points out that the industry has already been doing pretty well on this __18__: in the past ten years, passenger-miles flown have risen by 45% but the airlines' use of jet fuel has gone up by just 3%. In large part that is because of more __19__aircraft, and there are more such gains to come. Airbus says the re-engined "neo" version of its single-aisle A320 plane, __20__ to fly in late 2015, will burn 15% less fuel than the current version.
1.[A] similarly [B] especially [C] actually [D] accidentally
2.[A] suspicious [B] tentative [C] optimistic [D] peaceful
3.[A] combination [B] coordination [C] connection [D] collaboration
4.[A] replace [B] recycle [C] remove [D] restore
5.[A] protest [B] concern [C] understanding [D] confidence
6.[A] wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D] whatever
7.[A] through [B] until [C] into [D] from
8.[A] put [B] looked [C] snapped [D] dated
9.[A] manner [B] impulse [C] trend [D] rate
10.[A] notifies [B] upholds [C] reckons [D] perceives
11.[A] conduct [B] contain [C] dismiss [D] handle
12.[A] room [B] call [C] pain [D] advice
13.[A] driver [B] blocker [C] regulator [D] receiver
14.[A] center [B] save [C] reflect [D] figure
15.[A] if [B] as [C] unless [D] lest
16.[A] focus [B] question [C] force [D] line
17.[A] comparing [B] substituting [C] supplementing [D] matching
18.[A] scene [B] scale [C] basis [D] score
19.[A] reliable [B] impressive [C] efficient [D] significant
20.[A] long [B] apt [C] ought [D] due
Part II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
“Clearly there is here a problem of the division of knowledge, which is quite analogous to, and at least as important as, the problem of the division of labor,” Friedrich Hayek told the London Economic Club in 1936. What Mr Hayek could not have known about knowledge was that 70 years later weblogs, or blogs, would be pooling it into a vast, virtual conversation. That economists are typing both to the value of the medium and to the worth they put on their time.
Like millions of others, economists spend hours each day writing for nothing. The concept seems at odds with the notion of economists as intellectual instruments trained in the maximisation of utility or profit. Yet the demand is there: some of their blogs get thousands of visitors daily, often from people at influential institutions like the IMF.
“It's a place in the intellectual influence game,” Mr DeLong replies (by e-mail, naturally). The practice began as an educational tool for Greg Mankiw, a professor of economics at Harvard. His site started as a group e-mail sent to students, with commentary on articles and new ideas. But the market for his thoughts grew beyond the classroom, and a blog was the solution. “It's a natural extension of my day job—to engage in intellectual discourse about economics,” Mr Mankiw says.
With professors spending so much time blogging for no payment, universities might wonder whether this detracts from their value. Although there is no evidence of a direct link between blogging and publishing productivity, a new study by E. Han Kim and Adair Morse, of the University of Michigan, and Luigi Zingales, of the University of Chicago, shows that the internet's ability to spread knowledge beyond university classrooms has diminished the competitive edge that elite schools once held.
Top universities once benefited from having clusters of star professors. The study showed
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that during the 1970s, an economics professor from a random university, outside the top 25 programmes, would double his research productivity by moving to Harvard. The strong relationship between individual output and that of one's colleagues weakened in the 1980s, and vanished by the end of the 1990s. The faster flow of information and the decreasing importance of location—which blogs exemplify—have made it easier for economists from any university to have access to the best brains in their field. That anyone with an internet connection can sit in on a virtual lecture from Mr DeLong means that his ideas move freely beyond the boundaries of Berkeley, creating a welfare gain for professors and the public.
Universities can also benefit in this part of the equation. Although communications technology may have made a dent in the productivity edge of elite schools, productivity is hardly the only measure of success for a university. Prominent professors with popular blogs are good publicity, and distance in academia is not dead: the best students will still seek proximity to the best minds. Blogs have enabled economists to turn their microphones into megaphones. In this model, the value of influence is priceless
21.The author uses Friedrich Hayek’s remarks to introduce blog as_________.
[A] a medium of exchange of intellectual ideas
[B] a blend of knowledge and technology
[C] a way to give economists a new image
[D] an instrument of economists’ influence
22.Mr Mankiw uses his blog to__________.
[A] enhance his intellectual influence
[B] supplement his classroom teaching
[C] find solutions to problems of economics
[D] deliver online lectures to students
23.According to the author, economists’ participation in blogs will___________.
[A] cause classroom lectures to be less popular
[B] make them disconcentrate from research work
[C] lessen top universities’ attractiveness to students
[D] narrow the research productivity gap among universities
24.Professors in Harvard used to have higher research productivity mainly because Harvard
had____________.
[A] great programs
[B] distinguished faculty members
[C] a large amount of resources
[D] the best students
25.The phrase “made a dent in”(Line 2, Paragraph 6) most probably means_____________.
[A] reduced
[B] increased
[C] eliminated
[D] created
Text 2
Federal Communications Commission Chairman Kevin Martin just relaunched the formal
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review of media ownership rules. The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intent is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market.Martin’s main target is the ban on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” that prohibits one company from owning the major daily newspaper as well as radio and TV stations in the same area. He’d also like to allow one company to own more than one TV station in smaller markets, and more than two in the largest cities. A few powerful firms in major cities have won waivers to the ban, or at least delays on enforcement, but those are the exceptions.
That déjà vu you’re feeling is because the FCC tried to push through the same rule changes in 2003 under then-Chairman Michael Powell. In response, millions of people—spurred on by groups as diverse as the National Rifle Assn. and the National Organization for Women—contacted the FCC and Congress to voice their opposition. The FCC approved the rule changes anyway, only to see them nearly overturned by Congress and then rejected by the courts. Despite the overwhelming public opposition, Martin’s latest attempt to eliminate cross-ownership rules is driven by the massive lobbying of a cartel of second-tier big media companies specializing in newspaper and broadcast station ownership, such as Gannett, Media General and Tribune. Their motive is Bigger profits.
But what’s good for Big Media’s bottom line isn’t always good for the rest of us. The first casualty of “media company towns” would be journalism. When one firm owns most of a city’s news outlets, who needs a bunch of competing newsrooms? Investigative reporting and extensive local coverage requires a costly staff. It’s far cheaper to syndicate fare from headquarters than to support a diversity of local voices. If your readers and viewers don’t like it, where else are they going to go?
Once the big chains start selling and swapping their properties to build up larger fiefdoms, the already declining number of independent and minority owners will be further squeezed out. Today, just one in five daily newspapers is owned by individuals or companies that don’t own any other newspapers. According to the most recent FCC data, fewer than 4% of radio stations and 2% of TV stations are owned by minorities.
Industry and Wall Street propaganda says local media can’t compete without further consolidation. Yet media companies already enjoy higher profit margins than most industries. They say we must deregulate. But radio and TV station ownership is by definition regulated—these are the public airwaves and there are only so many channels available in a community. The only question is on whose behalf will Washington make the rules: major media companies or the public?
26.The rule on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” intends to___________.
[A] prevent companies from owning both television and radio stations
[B] limit a company from owning more than one television station
[C] replace giant media corporations with media company towns
[D] protect local voices, vigorous competition and diverse viewpoints
27.Which of the following will probably happen if FCC’s rule changes are approved?_______.
[A] The government will completely dominate public discourse.
[B] The public will voice their strong opposition to Congress.
[C] The number of radios and TV stations will decline sharply.
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[D] The local media competition will be almost eliminated.
28.“Déjà vu” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) probably means a feeling that ___________.
[A] a new situation has occurred before
[B] a familiar situation becomes unfamiliar
[C] the situation has run out of control
[D] the situation is better than expected
29.Which of the following is true according to the text? _________
[A] Martin’s predecessor ignored public opinion with a risk.
[B] A company is forbidden to own more than one newspaper.
[C] The local news outlets are controlled by independent companies.
D. Media industry used to be a not profitable industry.
30.The best title for the text may be__________
[A] Can We Hear More Local Voices?
[B] Do We Really Want Big Media to Get Even Bigger?
[C] How Will FCC’s Action Affect Consumers?
[D] How Will Washington Make Media Ownership Rules?
Text 3
In Birmingham, Alabama, on Friday, a federal judge ordered a deadlocked jury to continue weighing evidence against Richard Scrushy, the former chief executive of HealthSouth, accused of committing a 2.7 billion US dollars accounting fraud. But that courtroom decision, regardless of the outcome, will have little effect on a company that has avoided the downward spiral that engulfed Andersen and Enron. In the corporate scandals of the past four years, the striking fact is that the closing chapters more often have followed the script at HealthSouth and not at Andersen.
The spectrum of business misconduct has included seemingly every flavor of fraud, self-dealing, improper accounting and conflict of interest. The punishments have ranged from the recent conviction of Bernard Ebbers, the former chief of WorldCom, for guiding an 11 billion US dollars fraud, to the fines paid in 2002 by a group of Wall Street firms to settle charges that stock analysts wrote rosy reports on companies to help bring in investment banking business.
Yet the goal of government policy, prosecution strategy and business practice has nearly always been to rehabilitate the disobedient companies rather than liquidate them. There are exceptions. Enron proved to be a financial house of cards, as no one was willing to trade with a trader that was bankrupt. Enron’s physical assents, like its national gas pipelines, were auctioned. Andersen was given a death sentence-justified or not- when it was charged, and its corporate auditing clients fled within weeks.
The Justice Department’s corporate charge of Andersen was controversial and unlikely to be repeated in other cases. Since Andersen, federal and state prosecutors have adopted the less drastic approach of targeting the responsible executives and reaching settlements with the companies that include fines and changes in corporate behavior. “You don’t want to be swinging a meat ax when a small knife is appropriate,” said Eliot Spitzer, the New York State attorney general. “You want to get rid of the individuals who did the wrongdoing and get the company back on an even footing.” That has been the pattern followed in pursuing misconduct at other major companies, including Tyco, WorldCom, Adelphia, Marsh & McLennan and American International Group.
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There have been spectacular financial failures, like the bankruptcies of WorldCom and Adelphia. But the American system of bankruptcy allows companies to seek temporary shelter from creditors and time to recast themselves for corporate survival or later sale on better terms. in April, Time Warner and Comcast purchased Adelphia for 17.6 billion US dollars and will split up its cable television operations. And WorldCom, renamed MCI since emerging from bankruptcy, agreed last month to be sold to Verizon Communications for 8.5 billion US dollars.
31.The last sentence of the first paragraph means that__________.
[A] more coverage is given to HealthSouth rather than Anderson and Enron.
[B] HealthSouth has won a legal victory but Anderson and Enron haven’t
[C] a light punishment is given to most companies involved in the scandals
[D] more and more companies are punished for accounting fraud.
32.Which of the following best defines the word “liquidate” (Line 2, Paragraph 3)?
[A] To put an end to
[B] To settle the affairs of
[C] To pay off the debts of
[D] To restore to good condition
33.According to the fourth paragraph, “a meat ax” is to “a small knife” as_________.
[A] “extravagant” is to “restrained”
[B] “radical” is to “conservative”
[C] “powerful” is to “delicate”
[D] “ambiguous” is to “straightforward”
34.WorldCom and Adelphia serve as good examples of_________.
[A] the situation of scandal-tainted companies
[B] the way to survive corporate scandals
[C] the recipe for restoring companies’ fame
[D] the efficiency of bankruptcy-law protection
35.Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] Several Wall Street firms used improper accounting in 2002
[B] Enron is a company that issues its own credit cards
[C] Adelphia’s responsible executives are on trial for fraud
[D] WorldCom has restarted building its own business
Text 4
Oh, great! That's just what we need before the busiest travel time of the year-a merger of two flying dinosaurs to create the country's first giant airline. And to top it off, the proposed $ 8 billion take-over of Delta Air Lines by US Airways would join the two major carriers that finished at the bottom of one of the 2006 quality ratings.
Actually, such a merger might not be so bad. The airline industry is suffering from overcapacity-too many airline seats chasing too few "good" customers (those paying profitable fares). Flights today are usually 80% full, but average profits on tickets-are down 24% since 2000. Major airlines have lost $ 50 billion in the past five years, and two of them, Delta and Northwest, are still in bankruptcy.
Although Delta is poised to fight the deal, a number of analysts are saying, Don't bother.
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Aviation consultant Patrick Murphy, who used to track airline competition in the Department of Transportation, says, "A US Airways-Delta merger is the start of a needed consolidation," and notes, "The low-cost carriers are now big enough to offer real alternatives to large network airlines. It will be good for consumers in the long run, making fewer, healthier carriers. "
There is evidence that a US Airways-led deal might be a good idea. They've sort of done it before, having combined with America West. US Airways CEO Doug Parker, 44, is a sharp executive who transformed his previous employer, America West, into the first successful low-fare hub-and-spoke carrier. The merger of America West and US Airways, which he oversaw, has been a success. US Airways used to spend 40% of its-revenue on labor; now that figure is 17%, according to Airline Forecasts. Significant cost cutting and dropping unprofitable routes have helped the merged America West-US Airways company trim business fares 24%.
But this time Parker may have misjudged his target. Delta CEO Gerald Grinstein, 74, is angry that US Airways rushed ahead with an offer. To do the deal, US Airways has to get a full look at Delta's books; so far Delta execs have shown little interest in sharing. Another trouble spot may be pilots, who have waged and mostly lost battles with the airlines over salary and benefit concessions. US Airways should expect no favors. "Management must first focus on fulfilling the promises made to their investors, customers and employees for the America West-US Airways merger," says Captain Kevin Kent, a representative of America West's pilots union. Then there's Delta's status as a bankrupt. That gives creditors like GE and Boeing a say in the matter, although Delta is the only entity that can make a reorganization or merger proposal to the bankruptcy court between now and Feb. All that may be putting off the inevitable. For big airlines, bigger might just be better.
36.Why does the author think a "US Airways-Delta" type of merger might not be so bad?
[A] The number of airline passengers has droppecL
[B] Big airlines are faced with declining profits.
[C] Ground transportation has developed rapidly.
[D] Customers favor low fare airlines.
37.Patrick Murphy would probably agree that big airlines ____________ .
[A] have lowered their service level
[B] have lost their competitive edge
[C] have begun to offer cheaper flights
[D] will benefit from their cooperation with low-cost carriers
38.The author cites the example of America West to imply _________ .
[A] US Airways CEO is highly experienced in managing mergers
[B] big airlines can strengthen themselves through unity
[C] US Airways will manage to merge with Delta
[D] big airlines should be transformed into 1ow fare carriers
39.One difficulty US Airways now faces in the process of merging is that ________________.
[A] Delta CEO has a personal prejudice against US Airways
[B] Delta has never had a merger experience
[C] Delta's pilots are against the merger
[D] Delta's creditors have the right to influence its decision
40.In the author's opinion, US Airways-Delta merger ________________ .
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[A] will cause airfares to go up
[B] will be a successful merger model
[C] is a time-consuming necessity
[D] is an unrealizable plan
Part B
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-H to fit into each of the numbered blank. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
[A] Where is the catalyst? What pumped life into the info tech sector was the spread of corporate networking – linking individual desktops and minicomputers into something more powerful. Catalyst for new spending may not be any single product or service but rather a variety – everything from music-enabled cell phones to greater demand for broadband to an increased willingness to pay for downloading music and video online. Will Americans fork over some of the cash they would have spent on a bigger kitchen and put it into broadband instead? So far they haven't – but if history is any sign, they just might.
[B] Macro forces may also be acting in info tech's favor. In recent years low interest rates have lured consumers into buying bigger homes and more motor vehicles. But as the Federal Reserve keeps raising rates, such buys become less attractive. That frees up money for other purposes. Suppose spending on building new homes and renovating old ones, now a sky-high 5.5% of domestic demand, falls back to its historical 4.4% share. That would release about $140 billion for uses that are not sensitive to rising rates, such as consumer info tech spending.
[C] The big question is, what happens next? Some economists argue that info tech is a mature industry that cannot expect to grow much faster than the rest of the economy. Telecom companies, in particular, seem stuck in a spiral where rising cell-phone use doesn't compensate for falling prices. Yet history offers an intriguing possibility. Since 1970 spending on information technology has followed a stop-and-go pattern rather than a steady rise. Periods of sluggish growth – usually lasting seven years or so – have been followed by tech booms ignited when companies learn how to apply a new technology, such as networking.
[D] That may be about to change. As advertising shifts online and people get more comfortable doing business on the Net, the companies that provide and distribute information may finally reap the benefits of the Information Economy. Orders for communications gear are up 11% over the past year, the biggest rise since 2000. Consumer prices for phone services, which plummeted because of intense competition, have leveled off in recent months, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. And revenues for telecom companies are starting to rise at a faster pace, though they're still lagging the overall economy.
[E] Instead, Americans have poured their money into housing and health care. With home sales powered by low interest rates and McMansions springing up everywhere, housing's share of the economy has exploded since 1997. It's now at a postwar high. Medical care is also absorbing a growing piece of the economic pie. No wonder info tech companies and workers feel as if they're scrambling for crumbs in the midst of plenty. Indeed, jobs in info tech related industries, such as
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telecom, software, and Net search firms, are only 3.5% of the workforce, down from 3.7% in 1997.
[F] Yet for all the signs of the information revolution, a look at economic statistics offers some surprising news: Info tech’s share of the economy is barely higher than it was in 1997, when the productivity momentum really got going. After a boom and bust cycle, business investment in info tech hardware and software now totals 4.1% of domestic demand, up just a bit from its 3.8% share in 1997. And the consumer side never even saw a boom: American households barely opened their wallets for information-related products and services, such as telephone, Internet, cable television, home computers, and consumer electronics.
[G] This is an Information Economy, right? Everyone knows that information technology is at the heart of America's productivity revolution. The Internet is transforming industries from retailing to media to education. And those poor souls without cell phones are getting scarcer.
[H] If the same pattern holds today, some of the technologies introduced in recent years would finally evolve into compelling products that attract higher levels of spending. The most likely candidate for a breakthrough is the consumer info tech sector, which is looking more and more like a glaring historical anomaly. It has been providing a steady stream of must-have, cutting-edge services and products, from cell phones to LCD televisions to MP3 players yet has not been able to expand its share of the economy.
G
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
“Innovation” died in 2008, killed off by overuse, misuse, narrowness, incrementalism and failure to evolve. It was done in by CEOs, consultants, marketeers, advertisers and business journalists who degraded and devalued the idea by conflating it with change, technology, design, globalization, trendiness, and anything “new.” It was done it by an obsession with measurement, metrics and math and a demand for predictability in an unpredictable world. (46) The concept was also done in, strangely enough, by a male-dominated economic leadership that rejected the extraordinary progress in “uncertainty planning and strategy” being done at key schools of design that could have given new life to “innovation”. To them, “design” is something their wives do with curtains, not a methodology or philosophy to deal with life in constant beta—life in 2009.
In the end, “Innovation” proved to be weak as both a tactic and strategy in the face of economic and social turmoil. It couldn’t get us safely through the troubles of 08 (indeed, financial innovation was to large degree responsible for the economic trainwreck). Most importantly, “innovation” cannot guide us into an uncertain and tumultuous future. (47) It is too narrow to generate radical alternative options and build risk-taking frontier skills needed to remake and restructure our lives, our economies and our countries.
We need a deeper, more robust concept. “Transformation” captures the key changes already underway and can help guide us into the future. (48) It implies that our lives will increasingly be organized around digital platforms and networks that will replace edifices and big organizations. Global networks of trusted relationships working within ecosystems/platforms will make up our
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socio-economic and political worlds. It is already underway. The concept of “Transformation” takes these changes much further.
(49) Most importantly, “Transformation” accepts the notion that we are in a post-consumer society, defined by two groups of economic players: manufacturers and consumers. “Transformation” deals with a new Creativity Society, in which we are all both producers and consumers of value. Look around and you can see Gen Y in particular creating practically from birth, mashing music, designing Facebook or MySpace pages, doing videos and podcasts—creating value.
Frank Comes at McKinsey, puts it this way: In the past, economic value was generated by transaction. Increasingly, economic value is generated through interactions. The key is monetizing those interactions. That’s the heart of an economy built on social media. (50) “Transformation” takes the best of “design thinking” and “innovation” and integrates them into a strategic guide for the unknowable and uncertain years ahead.
Part III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words. (10 points)
DNS E-mail ……
elite culture
Internet
World Wide Web
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Part B
52. Directions:
write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should (20 points)
1)describe the drawing briefly
2)explain its intended meaning, and then
3)give your comments
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2013年考研英语全真模拟题年考研英语全真模拟题（（二）
答题纸
来源来源：：高学网教学研发中心高学网教学研发中心
Part I Use of English
1-5
6-10
11-15
16-20
Part II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
21. 22.
23. 24. 25. Text 2
26. 27.
28. 29. 30. Text 3
31. 32.
33. 34. 35. Text 4
36. 37.
38. 39. 40.
Part B
41. 42.
43. 44. 45.
Part C
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
Part III Writing
Part A
51.
12
Part B
52.
13
14
2013年考研英语全真模拟题年考研英语全真模拟题（（二）答案
来源来源：：高学网教学研发中心高学网教学研发中心
Part I Use of English (10points)
1-5 B C A A D
6-10 D A C C C
11-15 D A A B B
16-20 C B D C D
Part II Reading Comprehension (60points)
Part A
Text 1
21.A 22.B
23.D 24.B 25.A Text 2
26.D 27.D
28.A 29.A 30.B Text 3
31.C 32.A
33.B 34.D 35.C Text 4
36.B 37.A
38.B 39.D 40.C
Part B
41.E 42.C
43.H 44.D 45.B
Part C
Keys:
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
Part III Writing (30points)
Part A
51. ()
The Transformation of the Internet Culture
The early Internet culture is elite culture. As time passes by, inspired by the inner impulse of the Internet for development and the breakthrough in the techniques, the transformation of Internet culture, away from elite culture to popular culture, takes place. The coming of the Internet era marks the beginning of this transformation. Besides, the new Internet culture has other features to be considered as popular culture. Firstly, the public are provided with equal access to information and freedom to express personal opinions. Secondly, the public are allowed to have their own understandings of or even recreate cultural products, which gives the popular Internet culture a rebellious nature. Thirdly, the popular Internet culture boasts wide participation and broad interaction.
Part B
52. ()
The drawing vividly unfolds the advantages and disadvantages during the process of globalization. This phenomenon is one of numerous international phenomena to have become common and already attracted broad attention in the world in recent years. Globalization, in brief, makes the whole world a small village. It offers extensive opportunities for every country in the world to develop their economy, improve their regime, enrich their culture, update their technology and so forth, but globalization is a two-edged sword: it can bring both benefit and harm.
We must first understand the nature of the problem. On the one hand, globalization offers extensive opportunities for every country in the world. On the other hand, one of the most controversial aspects of globalization is the loss the traditional culture. For instance, in the past twenty years, in the process of globalization China has brought about rapid economic growth, sustained social progress and continuous betterment of people's living standards, so we should accept. However, at the same time, China has been experiencing the collapse of her own traditional virtues in the process.
In summary, I am deeply convinced that in the process of globalization, a nation should never lose any good things, physical, intellectual, or moral, till she finds a better substitute, and then the loss is a gain.
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考研英语二模拟试题及答案解析（7） (1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Do people get happier or more foul-tempered as they age? Stereotypes of irritable neighbors__1__, scientists have been trying to answer this question for decades, and the results have been__2__Now a study of several thousand Americans born between 1885 and 1980 reveals that well-being__3__increases with age—but overall happiness__4__when a person was born. __5__studies that have__6__older adults with the middle-aged and young have sometimes found that older adults are not as happy. But these studies could not__7__whether their__8__was because of their age or because of their__9__life experience. The new study, published online January 24 in Psychological Science ,__10__out the answer by examining 30 years of data on thousands of Americans, including__11__measures of mood and well-being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measures of health. The researchers found, after controlling for variables__12__health, wealth, gender, ethnicity and education, that well-being increases over everyone′s lifetime.__13__people who have lived through extreme hardship, such as the Great Depression,__14__much less happy than those who have had more__15__lives. This finding helps to__16__why past studies have found conflicting results—experience__17__, and tough times can__18__an entire generation′s happiness for the rest of their lives. The__19__news is,__20__we′ve lived through, we can all look forward to feeling more content as we age. 第1题 A.alike B.alongside C.aside D.besides 第2题 A.conflicting B.worrying C.revealing D.appealing 第3题 A.accordingly B.indeed C.hence D.nevertheless 第4题 A.resides with B.rests with C.depends on D.reckons on 第5题
2019年考研英语（二）真题及答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word （s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points） Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 . As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was had to my overall fitness goats. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost. For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program. I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level. 1.[A]Besides [B]Therefore [C]Otherwise [D]However 【答案】[C] However 【解析】此处考察逻辑关系。首段提出文章中心：定期称量自己是一种解任何显著的的体重波动的好方法。空格所在句指出：____，如果太频繁，这种习惯有时会造成损害。前文wonderful way（好方法）与后文hurt（损害）形成转折关系，故填入however（然而）。另外，however也是考研完形填空中的高频词。其他选项：therefore（因此），otherwise （否则）和besides（此外）此处不符合语境，故正确答案为[C] However。 2.[A]helps [B]cares [C]warns [D]reduces 【答案】[D] helps
2010考研英语（二）模拟试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points） Among the thousands of business schools now operating around the world you would be hard-pressed to find one that doesn't believe it can teach the skills of entrepreneurship. However, of the people who immediately 1 to mind when one thinks of entrepreneurs——Bill Gates, Richard Branson or Oprah Winfrey, for example—few have done more than 2 a speech at a business school. 3 , a recent study by King's College in London has suggested what many intuitively 4 : that entrepreneurship may actually be in the blood—more to do with genes than classroom experience. All of which 5 the question—does an entrepreneur really need a business-school education? Not surprisingly some of the best-known schools in the field have a 6 answer to this: they don't actually profess to create entrepreneurs, 7 they nurture innate ability. Or as Timothy Faley of the entrepreneurial institute at Michigan's Ross School of Business 8 it: “A good idea is not enough. You need to know how to 9 a good idea into a good business.” Schools do this in a number of ways. One is to 10 that faculty are a mix of classic academics and businesspeople with experience of 11 their own successful firms. They can also create “incubators” where students 12 ideas and rub shoulders on a day-to-day basis with the external business world, receiving both advice and hard cash in the form of investment. Arguably such help is now more important than ever. The modern entrepreneur is faced with a more 13 world than when Richard Branson began by selling records out of a phone box. According to Patrice Houdayer, head of one of Europe's best-known entrepreneurship schools, EMIYON in France, new businesses used to move through a 14 series of growth steps—what he terms garage, local, national and international. Now however, 15 the communications revolution, they can leapfrog these stages and go global more or less straightaway—encountering a whole new 16 of problems and challenges. In this 17 Professor Houdayer maintains that the increasingly 18 nature of MBA classes can help the nascent entrepreneur in three ways: by plugging them into an international network of contacts and advisors, by preparing them for the pitfalls and opportunities 19 with dealing across different cultures and by 20 them to the different ways that business is conducted around the globe.
英语（二）模拟试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET . (10 points) Facebook has been 1 with fire and has got its fingers burned, again. On November 29th America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that it had reached a 2 settlement with the giant social network over 3 that it had misled people about its use of their personal data. The details of the settlement make clear that Facebook, which 4 over 800m users, betrayed its users’ trust. It is also notable because it appears to be part of a broader 5 by the FTC to craft a new privacy framework to deal with the rapid 6 of social networks in America. The regulator’s findin gs come at a 7 moment for Facebook, which is said to be preparing for an initial public offering next year that could value it at around $100 billion. To 8 the way for its listing, the firm first needs to resolve its privacy 9 with regulators in America and Europe. 10 its willingness to negotiate the settlement 11 this week. Announcing the agreement, the FTC said it had found a number of cases where Facebook had made claims that were “unfair and deceptive, and 12 federal law”. For instance, it 13 personally identifiable information to advertisers, and it failed to keep a promise to make photos and videos on deleted accounts 14 . The settlement does not 15 an admission by Facebook that it has broken the law, but it deeply 16 the company nonetheless. In a blog post published the same day, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s boss, tried to17 the impact of the deal. First he claimed that “a small number of high-profile mistakes” were 18 the social network’s “good history” on privac y. The FTC is not relying on Facebook to police itself. Among other things, the company will now have to seek consumers’ approval before it changes the way it shares their data. And it has agreed to an independent privacy audit every two years for the next 20 years. There is a clear pattern here. In separate cases over the past couple of years the FTC has insisted that Twitter and Google accept regular 19 audits, too, after each firm was accused of violating its customers’ privacy. The intent seems to be to create a regulatory regime that is tighter than the status quo, 20 one that still gives social networks plenty of room to innovate. 1. [A] setting [B] playing [C] lighting [D] turning 2. [A] craft [B] documentary [C] trade [D] draft 3. [A] verdicts [B] allegations [C] rumors [D] affirmation 4. [A] boasts [B] exaggerates [C] estimates [D] assesses 5. [A] impulse [B] initiative [C] innovation [D] motion 6. [A] increase [B] elevation [C] rise [D] appearance 7. [A] indispensable [B] essential [C] critical [D] fundamental 8. [A] steer [B] clear [C] lay [D] remove 9. [A] controversy [B] competition [C] dispute [D] compromise
Mba英语二写作历年真题及解析 2016年 Section IV Writing Part A 47。Directions： Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend，Jack，wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation。Write him a reply to 1）thank him，and 2）give you advice You should write about 100 on the ANSWER SHEET。 Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter。Use Li Ming instead。 Do not write the address。（10 points） Part B 48。Directions： Write an essay based on the chart below。In your writing，you should 1）interpret the chart，and 2）give your comments。 You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET。（15 points）
Section IV Writing 47、 [参考范文] Dear Jack， Your letter of congratulations was received。Thank you for your nice words on my winning the c ontest。In the letter， you asked me about the skills to do translation，so the following are my a dvice for you。 Firstly， you should analyze the sentence structure， thus catching the meaning of the sentence。 Secondly， find the proper words to translate the meaning of the source language into the target l anguage。 Thirdly，revise your translation at least three times to check if there are any mistransl ations or missed meanings。 I hope my advice helpful。 Wish to see you soon。 Yours sincerely， Li Ming 第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明感谢来自朋友的祝贺;可以采用这样的表达方式：I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest. 第二段：写作内容应以建议为主体。在这个过程中可以把日常我们如何提高的方式写进正文，比如多加练习、多与外国人交流，多多接触国际事务等。本篇老师主要从这些方面进行论述，表达如下As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals i n this part. First and foremost, I strongly suggest you that you need to practice with painstaking effort in this field. What’s more, you had better have more communication with foreigners, which guarantees that you have a deep understanding of foreign culture. Last but not least, you are supposed to participate in some international events to accumulate a wealth of practical experience. 第三段：再次强调重申写信目的，如Thanks again and I do hope you could take my suggestions into consideration. I wish you have good luck and make a great success in your future study. 落款：Yours sincerely,特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢;签名：Li Ming特别注意Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。 48、 [参考范文] Portrayed in the above pie chart is a survey of college students’ purposes of traveling。 The numb er of students who take traveling as a chance to see beautiful scenes accounts for 37%，while stu dents who would like to travel to relieve pressure from study take up 35 %。 There are several reasons behind the trend revealed in the above chart。To begin with， as the pr esent society is filled with fierce competition， most college students nowadays are under great pr essure to stand out among others or to lunch a decent job after graduation。Therefore， they tend to choose traveling as an outlet to relieve their stress。 Secondly，with the fast advancement of t he living standards of Chinese families， traveling is increasingly affordable to most college stude nts。 For this reason， students prefer to travel to see different views to enjoy themselves or to m ake some friends。 From my perspective， no matter what reason it is for， traveling is of great benefit for students 今年英语二作文的题目比较好写，因为标题和图示非常清晰明白。图表显示了某高校学生旅游目的调查, 考生分析原因的话也会很简单。下面分三段简要地说一下这三段应该怎么写。 第一段主要是描述图表。图表一目了然，数量词百分比也是大家熟悉的词汇，表述数据时，图中有四五组数据，由于字数的限制以及为了写作的便利可以突出较大比例的“欣赏风景”和“缓解压力”，注意引入百分比的表达方式。 第二段给出你的评论，主要写这种情况的原因。主要要结合图表描述的内容从两个方面写起。一方面为什么为了欣赏风景而旅行的目的占37%，另一方面为什么缓解压力会占到33%比例。 最后结尾段落可简要得出结论，这种现象并不奇怪，还将继续下去。
2016考研英语二测试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to Learn that system. They arethereby shut 1 from the world of books and newspapers, having to 2 on friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major 3 in providing aid to the 4 . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that 5 any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like 6 through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons 7 Cyclops's keyboard, a blind person can “read”any 8 document in the English language. This remarkable invention represents a tremendous 9 forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs ＄50,000. 10 , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller 11 improved version that will sell 12 less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil 13 the price range will be low enough for every school and library to 14 one. Michael Hingson, Director of the NationalFederation for the Blind,hopes that 15 will be able to buy home 16 of Cyclops for the price of a good television set. Mr. Hingson's organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been 17 in those tests, making lots of 18 suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops. “This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies 19 a product was
考研英语二（作文）模拟试卷118 (总分：14.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、 Writing(总题数：7，分数：14.00) 1.Section III Writing（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.Part ADirections: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the following information.（分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 3.Suppose your roommate Ken is moving to another dorm room this weekend. Write him a letter to 1) offer your help, and 2) send him a little gift. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address. （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Dear Ken, I heard that you are moving to another dorm room this weekend. It's quite understandable because I know you are going to take the National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate and need to live and study with other graduate students. If you need my help, please call me. I am available at any time. I won't forget the days we live together. Although you are moving out, I am sure we can still play basketball together every weekend as before. This new basketball is a gift for you. I hope you'll like it. Sincerely, Li Ming) 解析：解析：这是一封向室友提供帮助的信件。室友以前跟自己同住一室，因此要写得很随和，非正式，并且要体现亲切感。第一段说明得知室友要搬宿舍，表示自己愿意帮忙。第二段表示不会忘记之前一起住的日子，以后还会常找他玩。第三段说送个小礼物给他，以示亲切。 4.Suppose your friend David just broke up with his girlfriend and was feeling sad. Write him an email to 1) comfort him, and 2) ask him not to lose confidence in himself. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address. （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Dear David, I am very sorry to hear of your breaking up with your girlfriend. I understand it's a really terrible blow, because Ann is your first girlfriend, and you adore her very much. You must feel very sad, but I am sure you will bear it like a man. Just let it be, and don't lose confidence in yourself. You are such an excellent guy, and I am always so proud to have such a talented friend as you. Believe me, you will find your true love soon. Just forget about her. Truly, Li Ming) 解析：解析：这是一封安慰、鼓励失恋的朋友的邮件，这类邮件仅仅会出现在非常亲密的朋友之间，因此用词非常随意，非正式。要以鼓励为主，绝对不要向对方的感情痛楚刨根问底。第一段向对方的遭遇表示同情。第二段鼓励对方勇于面对和承担。第三段希望对方不要失去信心，祝愿他早日找到真爱。 5.Suppose your friend Mike's father passed away yesterday. Mike is in deep sorrow. Write him an email to 1) comfort him, and 2) express condolence. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address. （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Dear Mike, I am really sorry to hear the news that your father passed away yesterday. It's hard to imagine how sorrowful you are now. I always remember the lazy days of that summer spent with you at your cottage in Green Lake. Your father was so kind to me and he took good care of both of us. He drove us around to see the beautiful scenery I had never seen
2017年考研英语（二）真题及答案解析（完 整版） 感谢：凯程洛老师提供真题。 2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题及答案 SectionI Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different, with academics,writers,and activists once again1that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by2.A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive3holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one4by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives5,people will simply become lazy and depressed.6,today’s unemployed don’t seem to be havinga great time.One Gallup poll found that20percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression,double the rate for7Americans.Also,some research suggests that the 8for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting9poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many10the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t11follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the12of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the13of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the15of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste of human potential,”says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days,because leisure time is relatively16for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional17of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work,I often feel18,”Danaher says,adding,“In a world in which I don’t have to work,I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself19a hobby or a