英语常见错误解析

《英语常见错误解析》

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1，abdomen n.腹部

误：He told the doctor that his abdomen was painful.

正：He told the doctor there was a pain in his abdomen.

解释：根据英语习惯，肚子疼不说his abdomen was painful ，而是要说成there was a pain in

his abdomen,另外，人们常用belly来代替abdomen。实际上，肚疼或者胃疼的常见说法是

have a stomach-ache.

2，ability n. 1)能力2)才智 才能

误：He has the ability of speaking English.

误: He has the ability to speaking English.

误:He has an ability to speaking English.

正：He has the ability to speak English.

正：His ability saved the team from defeat.

解释：ability之后一般接不定式，不跟动名词结构。后接不定式，前要加定冠词。

3，able adj.1)有能力的2)显示出才智的

误：She is able of completing the task by herself.

误：She can be able to complete the task by herself.

正：She is able to complete the task by herself.

误：John is very able.

正：John is an able man.

解释：able后不接动名词结构，而是要接动词不定式。为了避免语义重复，able不能和can一起连用。able不可以坐标与，只能做定语。作表语可用capable。

4，abound v.丰富，盛产

误：Fish is abound in this river.

误：This river abound fish.

正：Fish abounds in this river.

正：This river abounds with fish.

解释：abound为不及物动词。若盛产物作为主语，abound后可以直接跟地点状语，若产地做主语，abound后要加with然后才能加盛产物。

5，about prep,adv

1)be about to 即将 正要2)到处

误：I was about going out when it began raining.

误: I was about to go out soon when it began raining.

正:I was about to go out when it began raining.

误:Don’t leave things about everywhere.

正:Don’t leave things about.

解释：about作为介词，后面常跟名称或者动名词，但在be about 之后却要跟to do不定式。而且be about to 意为将要；即将；正要不能和表示意义重复的副词一起连用。如：soon,at

once ,immediately,etc. About 作为副词，其意义和everywhere重复，应删去其中一个。

6，abroad adv. 到国外；在国外 误：My father went to abroad a month ago.

正:My father went abroad a month ago.

误:Mary is in abroad.

正:My is abroad.

解释：abroad 是副词，自句中直接作状语，前面不能加任何介词。

7，abscond v. 潜逃

误:The cashier absconded the bank’s money.

正:The cashier absconded with the bank’ money.

解释：abscond为不及物动词，携带东西潜逃应该用abscond with的结构。

8，absent adj./v.缺席

误：She was absent in school yesterday.

正:She was absent from school yesterday.

正:He absented himself from the meeting on some pretext.

误:This word is absent from this dictionary.

正:This word is absent in this dictionary.

误:I went to see him last Sunday but he was absent.

正:I went to see him last Sunday but he was out.

解释：没去上学，没去开会等要用 be absent from,但是“在某地方没有某东西” 却要用be

absent in。Absent 虽有不在之意，但是 “不在家” 不能用 absent，而要用out.

9，absolutely adv.绝对地

误：He is right absolutely.

正:He is absolutely right.

正:He absolutely refused to discuss the problem any further.

解释：absolutely 为副词，应该放在形容词，副词或者行为动词之前，助动词或系动词之后。

10，absolve v.解除；赦免；宽恕

误：The relationship promised to absolve his guilty.

正:The relationship promised to absolve him from his guilty.

解释：“宽恕”某人可以说absolve sb,但是“宽恕某人的罪行”应该说absolve sb from his or

her guilt.

11,absorb v. 1)吸收2)吸引

误：Paper that absorbs in ink is called blotting paper.

正:Paper that absorbs ink is called blotting paper.

正He is absorbed completely in his business.

正:He has been absorbed bu the book this week.

解释：absorb为及物动词，后面直接加宾语，不需要介词in，若被动语态 be absorbed in 和be absorbed by 都是正确的。

12，absorption n.1)专注2)吸收

误：I really admire his complete absorption with his business.

正:I really admire his complete absorption in his business.

正:His insatiable absorption of knowledge is incredible.

解释：absorption 当“专注”解释时，后面要跟介词 in ，不能跟with;若当“吸收”讲，则要接of.

13, abstain v. 或；避免；避开

误：It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain smoking. 误:It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain with smoking.

正:It’s difficult for some smokers to abstain from smoking.

解释：abstain 为不及物动词，后面需要接介宾结构，但介词不能是with，只能是from。

14，abstention n.或；避免；弃权

误：His abstention of voting doesn’t prove anything.

正:His abstention from voting doesn’t prove anything.

解释：abstention 为abstain的名词形式，他后面的介词同样也只能是from。

15，abstract v./n./adj. 1)提取2)概括3)抽象的

误：How do you abstract metal with ore?

正:How do you abstract metal from ore?

正:I have read the abstract of the article.

正:I can’t understand his abstract ideas.

解释:“abstract sth from....”是一个固定句型，意为“从····中提取···”

16，abundance n.丰富；充裕

误：We had a very good dinner with food and drinks of abundance.

正:We had a very good dinner with food and drinks in abundance.

正:There is an abundance of coal in China.

解释:若东西在前，abundance在后，中间要加介词“in”连接，反之则要用of，而且abundance前面要加不定冠词an。

17，abut v.邻接；毗邻；紧靠

误：There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut each other.

误:There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut to each other.

正:There is constant rivalry between the neighbors whose property abut on each other.

解释：abut为不及物动词。Abut之后不能跟介词to，而只能跟on，upon或against。Abut是一个重度闭音节词汇，因此为abut-abutted-abutted.

18,accept v.接受；领受

误：He has accepted to go to a dinner with us .

正:He has accepted our invitation to go to a dinner .

误:Please receive this TV as my present to you.

正:Please accept this TV as my present to you.

误:Thanks for your present,but I really can;t accept.

正:Thanks for your present,but I really can;t accept it.

解释：accept不能带不定式宾语，receive意为收到，请某人收到一台电视是不合乎逻辑的，因此要将receive改为accept。Accept是及物动词，宾语不能省去。

19，acceptance n.1)接受；领受2)承认；认可

误：They are very delighted at our acceptance to their invitation.

正:They are very delighted at our acceptance of their invitation.

正:His suggestion was met with general acceptance.

解释：不能说acceptance to their invitation，而是要说acceptance of their invitation.

20,access n.1)通路2)接近进入的方法；或权利机会等

accession n.1）就职；就任2）增加；增加物

误：The only access for the river is over those hills.

正:The only access to the river is over those hills.

正:Before liberation,the working people had no access to education.